初中代词专题知识点讲解和练习 7页

语法-----代词人称代词：主格、宾格物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词相互代词eachother，oneanother一．人称代词：主格宾格第一人称单数Ime（我）复数weus（我们）第二人称单数youyou（你）1.第三人称单数he/she/ithim/her/it2.复数theythem（他们）①第一人称单数代词I（我）无论在什么地方出现都要大写。②人称代词的排列顺序：二，三，一(单数）一，二，三（复数）eg:you,heandI(你，他，我）we,youandthey(我们，你们，他们）③人称代词作主语时要用其主格eg:theyarenurses.sheisabarber.•动词后用宾格eg:Ihelphimandhehelpsme2.介词后用宾格eg:JimtakesgoodcareofmeEx：1.MissZhangteaches___math.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours2.___likeplayingsoccerwith___.\nA.Them,meB.They,IC.They,meD.Them,I3.Tomisanewstudent.___knewnoneof____.A.He,usB.He,weC.Him,usD.His,we4.Youcansitbetween____.A.heandIB.himandmeC.meandhim5.___allcomehereearly.A.ThemB.SheC.WeD.Us1.___amastudent.Jimismybrother.___isastudent,too.Bothof___likeEnglish.2.MaryisanEnglish.___teachesusEnglish.3.Hismotherasked____tolookafterhissister.4.___arestudents.So___muststudyhard(我们）5.Canyoulookafter____?（他们）6.Myfatherisverykind.__likestalkingto__（我们）.7.DoyouknowwhereLucyandLilyare.___（我）can’tfind____（他们）8.____amhere.Canyousee___（我）?9.Does___（她）like____（它）?10.____(他)playsbasketballbetterthan____(我）二、物主代词：“的”形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称单数mymine（我的）复数ourours（我们的）第二人称单数youryours（你的）复数youryours（你们的）第三人称单数his/her/itshis/hers/its（他的）复数theirtheirs（他们的）用法：形容词性物主代词+名词名词性物主代词相当于名词，Eg:Thisismybook=ThisbookismineThatisyourpen,mineisinmybag.thisisLucy‘scoat，yoursisdifferentfromhers1.___roomisbetterthan____.A.They,usB.Their,ourC.Their,ours2.Isthis____sister?No,Sheis____sister.A.your,hisB.your,mineC.his,mine3.Sheis___Englishteacher.Sheteaches__well.A.our,oursB.our,usC.their,they4.Must___goto___officenow?\nA.we,hisB.he,youC.they,yours5.Youmustbring___notebooktotheschool.BA.youB.yourC.yours6.Theredbagis___.___iswhite.AA.his,MineB.him,MyC.mine,Him7.Can___use___bike?BA.I,youB.I,yourC.me,your三、反身代词：……自己第一人称单数myself（我自己）复数ourselves（我们自己）第二人称单数yourself（你自己）复数yourselves（你们自己）第三人称单数himself/herself/itself(他自己）复数themselves(他们自己）用法：与主语的人称一致Eg:IcanteachmyselfEnglish.Weenjoyedourselves.常用词组：1.Helponeselftosth请自便/别客气Youcanhelpyourselvestothecake,children.2.enjoyoneself玩得开心=haveagoodtime3.teachoneselfsth=learnsthbyoneself自学WecanteachourselvesEnglish.=WecanlearnEnglishbyourselves.4.lookafteroneself照顾自己5.leaveonebyoneself把某人单独留下Shecan’tleaveTombyhimself.6.byoneself靠自己7.dressoneself自己穿衣服8.saytooneself自言自语9.loseoneselfin沉迷于10.cometooneself苏醒11.killoneself自杀12.introduceoneself自我介绍13.devoteoneselfto专心于Ex.1.Lucy,canyoudoitby_____?2.Mymothersaidshecouldlookafter____.3.Wemustfinishitby_____.4.Theycametoseethehouse______yesterday.5.Lileicandress_______andwash____.6.Myparentsenjoy_____everyday.7.Didhehurt_______?8.Youcanpicktheappleby______,John.9.MissLiutaught____Japanese.\n1.Thetwinscorrectthemistakesby___.2.Whoteaches___English?Heteaches___.A.himself,himselfB.him,himselfC.his,himself四、指示代词1、指示代词的形式：单数：this,that复数：these,those2、打电话时，常用“that”询问对方是“谁”，用“this”介绍自己。如：--Hello,IsthatLucy?--Hello,thisisLucy.五、疑问代词指人：who,whom,whose，which指物：what,which指时间：when指地点：where(疑问副词)指方式：how（疑问副词）六、不定代词1.常见的不定代词有：some,any,one,each,every,no,none,all,both,either,neither,many,much,afew,alittle,other,another,theother等it的用法1、指时间、天气或距离等如：It’seighto’clocknow.It’stimeforclass.It’sgettinghotterandhotter.It’sfivemilesfrommyhometoschool.2、指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事如：--Whoisknockingatthedoor?--ItmustbeLilei.Hesaidhewouldcometonight.--Whoisit?--It’sme.3、做形式主语或形式宾语如：It’sveryimportanttostudyEnglishwell.Wefoundithardtofinishtheworkontime.3.all是在三者或三者以上eg,Lily,LucyandIareallstudents.Weallstandhere.当表示两者都用botheg,LilyandLucyarebothclever.MysisterandIbothgotoschool.\n2.little和alittle,few和afewalittle+不可数名词一点点,肯定little+不可数名词几乎没有,否定eg,Thereis_____meatinthefridge.Let’sgoandgetsome.Iamverythirsty.Luckily,thereis_________teaintheteapot.IhavelearnedEnglishforoneyear.Icanspeak_________now.3,every和each后都可以接单数可数名词　　　eg,every/eachteacher但each则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且可用于eachof结构，every表示三个或三个以上中的每一个，且不可以用of结构.eg,Everyboyhasabike.---Eachboyhasabike.---Eachoftheboyshasabike.eg,on_______sideofthestreet4.,some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句eg,Thereissomewaterinthecup,butnotanymilk.Isthereanynewstoday?但在疑问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时要用some,而不是any　eg,---MayIhavesomepaper,please?---Sure.Hereyouare.5.either:任意一个　（两个中选一个）eg,---Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?---Eitherisok,Idon’tmind.构成either…or…词组　　　或者…或者…Eitheryouoryourbrotherishere.--Eitheryourbrotheroryouarehere.Eitheryouoryourbrotherworkshere.--Eitheryourbrotheroryou______here.neither　　　　（两个中）一个都没有---Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?---Neither.Ilikeorangejuice.neither…nor…既不、、、也不、、、NeitheryounoryourbrotherisinRow3.--NeitheryourbrothernoryouareinRow3Neitherhenorhissistershaveacar.\n--Neitherhissistersnorhe______acar.6.,another:另一个,＋单数可数名词other:另外的，其余的+复数名词,泛指theother:　另外的，其余的+复数名词,特指　others:另外的（人或物）,泛指theothers:另外的（人或物）,特制此外，固定词组one…theother…一个、、、另一个、、、eg,Ofthetwoboys,oneismybrother,__________ishisbrother.Ofthethreeteachers,oneisfromAmerica,________twoarefromEngland.Wouldyoulike________cupoftea?1.--Isthisyourdictionary?B-–No,____isinmybag.A.hersB.mineC.yours2.–--Wehavetobequick.ThetrainAstartsat10:35.-–Don’tworry.Thereis____timetogo.A.alittleB.fewC.littleD.any3.We’vegottwoTVsets,but_____workswell.DA.anyB.bothC.eitherD.neither4.–Howmanyofthesebookshaveyouread?--_____ofthem,everyone.A.ManyB.SomeC.AllD.None5.–---Didyourparentsgotothefilmyesterdayevening?---–No,we______stayedathomewatchingTV.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.none6.Boysandgirls!Pleasehelp________tosomeapples.A.youB.yourselfC.yourselves4.Myparents_________teachers.BTheyworkhard.A.areallB.arebothC.bothare5.Listen!Ihave_____totellyou.BA.importantsomethingB.somethingimportantC.anythingimportantD,nothingimportant6.Ihavetwofriends.Oneisafarmer,__________isateacher.BA.anotherB.otherC.theother\n7.Youlookthirsty.Wouldyouliketo___________water.A.anyB.someC.afew8.Look!Thereareso_____studentsinthefield.A.muchB.littleC.many9.Therearesometreeson_____sidesoftheroad.A.bothB.eitherC.neither10.Theboyislookingfor_______mother.A.herB.heC.his11,---Isthere__________intheroom?---No,__________isin.A,anybody,nobodyB,anybody,everybodyC,somebody,anybody12,______doyouhaveforlunch?A,WhichB,WhereC,What13,Terryenjoyed______verymuch.A,heB,himC,himself14,Themanis________Chineseteacher.A,TomandTimB,Tom’sandTim’sC,TomandTim’s二．..each，every的区别each强调“个体”，可作代词和限定词，指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”。Every强调“全体”，只能作定语，指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。Each作为同位语时，不影响谓语动词的形式，不可用noteach表示部分否定。Eachofmychildrengoestoadifferentschool.Eachoftheticketscosts10dollars.=theticketscost10dollarseach=thetickestseachcost10dollars.(each作同位语)Everymanisnothonest=noteverymanishonest.