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中考英语作文分类指导精编
之
应用文(1)
应用文是人们日常生活中广泛使用的文体。它最突出的特点是它的实际应用性,应用文包括很广,如书信、通知、日记、海报、便条、启事、请柬、电报、合同等。应用文的语言应使用规范语言,重在实用,力求朴实、准确、简洁。
一、书信
英文书信写作的5C原则是:Consideration, Conciseness, Clarity, Courtesy, Correctness。(体贴、简明、清晰、礼貌、正确)
1、信封的写法。
寄信人的姓名、地址应该写在信封的左上角。收信人的姓名、地址应该写在信封的正中偏右下处。邮票应该贴在信封右上角。也有人喜欢把收件人的名字、地址写在信封正面中央,把寄件人的姓名、地址写在信封的反面。
英语信封上的地点名称由小到大,视其长短可占二至五行不等。寄信人只写姓名,不写头衔。但是,收信人一般都在名字前加上头衔,以示礼貌和尊敬。对于没有官衔和学衔的人士,通常在姓名前写上Mr., Mrs.,或Ms.。
Sample样本:
2、内容。
英文信一般可以分为下列几个部分:
1)信头 (heading),即写发信人的地址和日期(右上角)。
2)信内地址 (inside address),即写收信人的姓名和地址(信头下方的左上角)。
3) 称呼 (salutation),即写对收信人的尊称(一般用Dear Mr. … ,; Dear Madam Helen,; Dear Miss…,; Dear John,; Dear Professor Smith,等)。称呼直接写在收信人地址的正下方,中间空一至二行。称呼后面的标点一般只能用逗号。如果是相当熟悉的朋友之间,因为彼此都知道对方的地址,故信头和信内的地址常常省略。
4)正文 (body),即信件内的主要内容。正文第一句句子一般和称呼之间空一至二行,给熟人写信也可以不空行。
5)信尾客套语 (complimentary close),即写信人在信的右(或左)下角,写上表示自己对收
信人一种礼貌客气的谦称。一般有Sincerely,; Sincerely yours,; Yours sincerely,; Friendly
yours,; Truly yours,; Yours truly,; Cordially yours,; Yours cordially,等。
6)信尾签名 (signature),即亲笔签上写信人自己的姓名。如果是用打字机或电脑写的信,在写信人签名的上方,同样应该打上写信人的姓名。
除以上六个部分外,有时一些英语信(尤其是e-mail)还包括:(1)附件 (Enclosure),以Enc. 表示,如“附有。。。证明”应写为Enc…Certificate;(2)再启 (Postscript),以P.S. 表示;(3)抄送件(Carbon Copy to…),以c.c. 表示,说明一式多份抄送其他有关人员。这些都是次要的补充部分。P.S. 主要在私人信件中使用,事务信件中应避免使用,以免造成写信人粗心大意的印象。Enc.和c.c. 大都用在商贸信函中。
3、电子邮件
李明要到加拿大上大学,必须找一间住房。请帮他发一封电子邮件给Jenny, 叫她帮忙找一间较便宜的房间(大约150美元),因为那里的房租较贵。李明的邮箱是Liming @163.com, Jenny的邮箱是Jenny@compmail.ca
From: Liming @163.com
To: Jenny@compmail.ca
Subject Help Rent a Room Date 30/06 9:04AM
Dear Jenny,
I'm going to study in Canada, so I'll have to find a room to live in. I know housing is very expensive there. Please help me find a room at a lower price (about 150 dollars per month). Please e-mail me if you have any good news.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
P.S.:I’ll bring you your favorite Chinese food.:)
4、邀请信
下星期一是Jenny的生日,她的父母亲要在家里给她办一个晚会。Jenny要邀请些朋友参加,晚会6:30开始。请你帮她写信邀请Jane。日期是5月18日。
May18th
Dear Jane,
I'd like to invite you to join my birthday party. Next Monday is my birthday. My parents will hold a party for me at home. It will begin at half past six. I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.
Sincerely yours,
Jenny
5、感谢信
Jenny 邀请Jane在星期一参加生日晚会。但是Jane 那天晚上要参加数学考试,没时间去。请帮Jane写一封信表示感谢,她同时送上一份礼物,以示祝贺。时间是5月20日。
May20th
Dear Jenny,
I'm glad to hear your good news. Thank you for inviting me to your birthday party. But I'm afraid I can't come. Because I'll have a math exam on Monday evening. Here is a gift for you. I hope you will love it.
Happy birthday!
Sincerely yours,
Jane
6、 请假条
假如你叫李明,因患重感冒今明两天不能上学。请你参考下面方框中所给的词语,给你的外籍英语教师写一张请假条,说明你这两天不能上学的原因。(not feel well, a bad cold, stay in bed, can't go to school, two days, get well soon)
June6
Dear Mr. Green,
I'm sorry to tell you that I am not feeling well. Because I have a bad cold. The doctor says I should stay in bed. And I can't go to school. I have to have two days' off. I think I will get well soon.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
7、 留言条
Sam的妈妈早上很早出门,给他留下一张留言条,要他在家里做一些事情。根据提示,补充这张留言条。提示:洗车,扫地,洗碗,洗衣,喂狗,练钢琴
8、 贺卡
教师节到了,全班同学要送一份贺卡和一些鲜花给Miss Green, 请你替班级填写这张贺卡。
9、 明信片
Jenny正在北京玩,她昨天去参观长城,很快乐。她要把长城介绍给她的父母,长城大约6500公里长,用大石头在大山上建成的,她很高兴自己成为一个真正的好汉。请帮她写一份明信片,上面有一张长城的图片。时间是2月4日,星期四。地址是加拿大阿尔伯特省艾得蒙顿市公园路522号。
Mr. and Mrs. Smith
522 Park Road
Edmonton, Alberta
Canada T2k 5g6
Thursday, February 4th
Dear Mom and Dad,
We are having fun in Beijing. Yesterday I visited the Great Wall. It is about more than 6500 kilometers long. It is so long and so great. Do you know? It is mostly made of big stones. It is made at the top of the big mountains. Here is a picture of it for you. I'm proud of myself because I have become a true man.
I miss you.
Love,
Jenny
中考英语作文 A Letter to the University President
Direction: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A letter to the university president about the canteen service on campus, you should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
假设你是李伟,请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写了一封信,内容涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等等,可以是表扬,可以是批评建议,也可以兼而有之。
参考范文:中考英语满分作文 A Letter to the University President
January 11th, 2003
Dear Mr. President,
As a regular student at our college, I have some complaint to make about the canteen service on campus.
Firstly,the canteen environment is very bad. Actually, it is becoming more and more crowded and noisy with an ever larger presence of vocational students every term. Secondly, the canteen workers are bad-mannered. Far from being warm and kind-hearted, they always seem to be cold and rude to us students. Thirdly and most importantly, the dishes at our canteen are too expensive, though they are by no means good quality or delicious. The survey the Student Union carried out last week reveals that on average a student will spend 10 to 12 Yuan on meals every day. This is far more than the food expenses of students in the neighborhood colleges.
Nutritious and delicious meals well within the students' means are very important for young students. I really wish measures could be taken to improve our canteen service.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Wei