2018河北中考英语及答案解析 17页

‎26. Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _______ house.‎ ‎　　A. her B. his C. my D. your ‎　　27. Did you hear the _______? A scientist will visit our school.‎ ‎　　A. advice B. news C. praise D. choice ‎　　28. This dog looks _______. It’s wearing red shoes.‎ ‎　　A. clever B. brave C. funny D. careful ‎　　29. Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands ______you eat.‎ ‎　　A. until B. after C. while D. before ‎　　30. Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else _____so well.‎ ‎　　A. sings B. sang C. will sing D. is singing ‎　　31. --- The bread is really delicious. ---Thank you. I ________it myself.‎ ‎　　A. make B. made C. will make D. am making ‎　　32. Can you help me _______ the pen? It’s under your chair.‎ ‎　　A. ask for B. look for C. pick up D. put up ‎　　33. I _______an invitation to the concert. I can’t wait to go.‎ ‎　　A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received ‎　　34. Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________in it.‎ ‎　　A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed ‎　　35. ---Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ________?‎ ‎　　---Yes, She said we should meet there at nine.‎ ‎　　A. which was the way to the station B. why we should meet at the station ‎　　C. when we should get to the station D. who we should meet at the station ‎　‎ VI.完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，计10分)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ ‎　　Once there was a king and his daughter. The king asked his daughter how much she loved him. She said that she loved him as much as she loved 36 .Her answer made the king very happy, Salt is a simple thing, 37 it is very important. So the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him.‎ ‎　　Salt has many 38 . Our bodies need salt. If we don’t have enough, our bodies can’t work properly. We put salt on icy roads to make them 39 . We also use salt to produce other products, like paper and glass. But for many years, salt’s most important job was to 40 food. Like other living things, most bacteria(细菌)need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live 41 a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things. For much of human history, this ability has made salt 42 . Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt. Even today, the hard-working, useful people are 43 as “the salt of the earth”.‎ ‎　　For centuries, salt was also hard to 44 . Its usefulness, together with rarity (稀有)made it very expensive. Salt could even be used like 45 . In fact, the word salary(薪水)comes from the word salt.‎ ‎　　Today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life.‎ ‎　　36. A. salt B. air C. gold D. sugar ‎　　37. A. or B. so C. and D. but ‎　　38. A. forms B. secrets C. uses D. skills ‎　　39. A. wide B. safe C. smooth D. thick ‎　　40. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare ‎　　41. A. in B. outside C. for D. without ‎　　42. A. hopeful B. comfortable C. valuable D. successful ‎　　43. A. saved B. dreamed C. invited D. described ‎　　44. A. sell B. get C. take D. keep ‎　　45. A. money B. medicine C. earth D. food ‎　　‎ VII.阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)‎ ‎　　阅读A、B、C、D四篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案 ‎　　A ‎　　Dear Sir,‎ ‎　　I ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. First, the color is not as green as it is shown on your website. I understand that the picture does not always show the real color, but it should not be that different. Second, I asked for Size M because it is the size I usually wear. But your Size M is so small that I have to give it to my younger sister.‎ ‎　　I think you should be more serious about your business.‎ ‎　　Truly,‎ ‎　　Susan Rosen ‎　　Dear Ms. Rosen,‎ ‎　　Thank you for telling us the problems with your order. We hope we can give you better service. We are sending you another skirt with this letter. It is Size L, and its green color is brighter than the one you had. We hope you like it.‎ ‎　　Our office hours are 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Please call us if you have any more questions.‎ ‎　　Yours truly,‎ ‎　　Victor Smith ‎　　46. Why did Susan Rosen write the letter?‎ ‎　　A. To say sorry to her sister B. To show the picture to Smith ‎　　B. To tell her problems to a friend D. To talk about what she bought ‎　　47. What did Victor Smith do for Susan Rosen?‎ ‎　　A. He helped her cancel the order B. He sent her a new skirt ‎　　B. He asked her to visit the office D. He called her for another color B ‎　　Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet.‎ ‎　　When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars.‎ ‎　　His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.‎ ‎　　He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family.‎ ‎　　“I wish you a Happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was passing on. The man shook his head.‎ ‎　　“You are not from this country.” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像) to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.”‎ ‎　　Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.‎ ‎　　They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”‎ ‎　　When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up.‎ ‎　　“I have bought no books”, said he. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.”‎ ‎　　“My dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift”‎ ‎　　“I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.”‎ ‎　　48. Edward expected to _________ with the money he got from his father.‎ ‎　　A. help the poor family B. buy something to eat ‎　　C. buy some pretty books D. learn another language ‎　　49. Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him?‎ ‎　　A. He couldn’t understand the boy B. He wouldn’t accept the money ‎　　C. He didn’t like the boy’s language D. He was too cold to say anything ‎　　50. How much did Edward give the poor family?‎ ‎　　A. One dollar B. Two dollars C. Three dollars D. Four dollars ‎　　51. We know that Edward_________ from the passage?‎ ‎　　A. got a prize for his kind heart B. had to buy his books next year ‎　　C. bought the books at the bookstore D. got more money from his father ‎　C ‎　　DIY Your Own Desserts ‎　　We offer different kinds of classes to you all. A very popular class we are offering these 10 days is the class named “DIY Your Own Desserts”.‎ ‎　　Can you imagine how happy your beloved one will be when you give him/her your DIY desserts on the special days like birthday. Mother’s Day and Father’s Day?‎ ‎ Come to our class and make your own desserts. Give your beloved one some surprises!‎ ‎　　The class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes (食谱) each lesson. The teacher will first show how to cook different recipes in front of you. And then he will guide you on how to prepare and make the food.‎ ‎　　At the end of the class you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you. What’s more, you’ll be able to take home the copies of all the recipes.‎ ‎　　Costs:$30 each lesson. You can start at any time.‎ ‎　　Go to our website to get more information about the class.‎ ‎　　You can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it ‎　　52. You can join the class if you like to .‎ ‎　　A. offer some recipes B. teach how to cook ‎　　C. make desserts yourself D. get some surprises ‎　　53. You will in the class.‎ ‎　　A. eat the meal with teacher B. celebrate the special days ‎　　C. learn 2-3 recipes each lesson D. have a hands-on experience ‎　　54. You will pay for five lessons.‎ ‎　　A.$30 B. $60 C. $120 D. $150‎ ‎　　55. How can you attend the class?‎ ‎　　A. Make a phone call to them. B. Send them an e-mail.‎ ‎　　C. Get information from parents. D. Come to the class directly.‎ ‎　‎ D ‎　　“Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person’s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.” Mason, a volunteer said.‎ ‎　　National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. It is also a perfect opportunity (机会) to encourage others to take their first step toward becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organization’s expectations (期望). Some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities.‎ ‎　　The following tips can help if you have some of these worries.‎ ‎　　★ Start out slowly, don’t add too much pressure. Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone’s life.‎ ‎　　★ Choose an organization with the same interests and common values.‎ ‎　　★ Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked.‎ ‎　　★ Work with a veteran volunteer. He volunteered a lot, he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organization’s expectations.‎ ‎　　★ Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.‎ ‎　　★ Finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. If one experience doesn’t work, don’t give up and you’ll surely find the right opportunity.‎ ‎　　Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives. As Mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “…little things can change a person’s life.”‎ ‎　　56. Volunteering can help .‎ ‎　　A. make a decision B. see the world clearly ‎　　C. thank other people D. make person’s life better ‎　　57. What could be the reason to stop people taking the first step?‎ ‎　　A. They don’t have enough time. B. They are prevented by their families.‎ ‎　　C. They fear that their abilities are shared. D. They don’t expect to become volunteers.‎ ‎　　58. Which of the following can help people take the first step?‎ ‎　　A. Start out quickly. B. Organize a training meeting.‎ ‎　　C. Invite a friend to be with them. D. Join in a group with different values.‎ ‎　　59. The underlined word “veteran” in the passage means “ ”.‎ ‎　　A. polite B. humorous C. young D. experienced ‎　　60. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ ‎　　A. To tell people to make changes in their lives.‎ ‎　　B. To encourage people to start their volunteering.‎ ‎　　C. How to make great achievements in volunteering.‎ ‎　　D. How to keep on volunteering whatever happened.‎ ‎　　‎ IX.任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，计10分)‎ ‎　　阅读短文，并按要求完成66-70题。‎ ‎　　Artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能) is growing rapidly. We are living in a world that depends more and more on AI. AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, understand and use information to do tasks.‎ ‎　　AI’s recent developments have got a lot of social attention. Some people have welcomed AI because it makes things possible. For example, AI will have a big ‎ influence on areas like medicine and engineering. But this attention has also produced a lot of fear. Especially, many workers are worrying that AI could make them lose their jobs.‎ ‎　　According to a recent study, nearly five percent of jobs will disappear because of AI. In some industries, AI is already doing the work that people used to do, such as assembling (装配) cars, digging the coal and lifting goods. Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away the driver’s jobs in the future.‎ ‎　　On the other hand, AI will also create many new jobs for people. More people will be needed to write programmers for AI systems (系统) and they will set up and work on them, too. Meanwhile, jobs that require feelings, excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced (取代) by AI. These includes jobs in fields like teaching, nursing and personal training.‎ ‎　　AI is here. It is changing how people live and work in many ways. That makes AI important to watch, not to fear.‎ ‎　　66、67题完成句子;68题简略回答问题;69题找出并写下第二段的主题句;70题将问中画线句子译成汉语。‎ ‎　　66. AI is___________________________________that help machines to do tasks.‎ ‎　　67.____________________________________controlled by AI may make the drivers lose their jobs.‎ ‎　　68. What will AI create for people?‎ ‎　　___________________________________________________________________‎ ‎　　69. __________________________________________________________________‎ ‎　　70.__________________________________________________________________‎ X. 词语运用 ‎　　June 15，2018‎ ‎　　This morning I took a bus to school. The traffic was 71. ________ (busy) than usual and there were more people on the bus. At Xinhua Stop, I saw 72. ________ old man get on the bus. He looked very weak. I stood 73. ________ and gave my seat to him. He thanked me and asked me about my name and my school. We talked 74. ________ (happy).‎ ‎　　Later in the 75. ________ (three) class, Mr. Du came in and asked me to go to the front. I didn’t know 76. w________, so I was a little afraid. Everyone was looking at me. Then he told 77. _________ (they) what I did on the bus this morning. He 78. ________ (know) it because he got a phone call from the old man. Mr. Du said I could be a good example to my 79. ________ (classmate). It was really a good day 80.f________ me! I was so proud.‎ ‎　‎ XI.基础写作(包括A、B两部分，A部分5分，B部分15分，共计20分)‎ ‎　　A) 连词成句 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)‎ ‎　　将所给词语连成句子, 标点已给出。‎ ‎　　要求：符合语法, 语句通顺, 大小写正确，词语不得重复使用。‎ ‎　　81. it, outside, hot, is ‎　　______________________________________________________?‎ ‎　　82. on time, to, remember, arrive ‎　　______________________________________________________.‎ ‎　　83. for lunch, we, what, do, have ‎　　______________________________________________________?‎ ‎　　84. a cup of, Lucy, me, tea, brought ‎　　______________________________________________________.‎ ‎　　85. your, beautiful, are, how, kites ‎　　______________________________________________________!‎ ‎　‎ ‎　B)书面表达(计15分)‎ ‎　　86. 请仔细观察下面的图片，并根据所给提示和要求写一篇短文。‎ ‎　　提示：(1)What are the man and the woman doing?‎ ‎　　(2)What should you do when you see people litter like this? Why?‎ ‎　　要求：(1)短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。‎ ‎　　(2)短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。‎ ‎　　(3)词数80个左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。‎ ‎　　参考词汇：throw, environment, civilized(文明的)‎ ‎　　I can see a man and a woman in the picture. The man is ________________________________________　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎　26. C【解析】考查代词词义辨析。结合语境应翻译为：爱丽丝请进，欢迎来到我的房子。故选C。‎ ‎　　27. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。advice意为“建议”;news意为“消息、新闻”;praise意为“赞美、赞扬”choice意为“选择”根据句意故选B。‎ ‎　　“聪明的” brave意为“勇敢的” funny意为“有趣的” careful意为“认真的”故选C。‎ ‎　　28. C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：这条狗看起来很有趣，它正穿着双红鞋。clever意为 ‎　　29. D 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。根据句意请在吃饭之前洗手，故选D。‎ ‎　　30. A 【解析】考查动词的时态。由Gary is the best singer in my class.得知该句为一般现在时故选A。‎ ‎　　31. B 【解析】考查动词的时态。由句意“面包美味可口”得知是过去自己做的。故选B。‎ ‎　　32. C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。由句意得知你能帮助我捡起这个钢笔吗?它在你椅子下面。pick up “捡起” 符合语境故选C。‎ ‎　　33. D 【解析】考查动词时态。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函。故选D 现在完成时态。‎ ‎　　34. B 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由语境得知“The top five TV plays”与list之间存在被动关系;由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。‎ ‎　　35. C 【解析】考查宾语从句。由答语“we should meet there at nine.”可知，问句询问时间，故选C。‎ ‎【参考答案】：26-30 CBCDA 31-35 BCDBC ‎【参考答案】：36-40 ADCBA 41-45 ACDBA ‎　　【语篇解读】：本文从一个小故事入手，讲了盐的用途，不仅在日常生活上，而且也讲了它的药用价值。同时因为它的稀有性使得盐在古今中外都起着很重要的作用并且很受重视。‎ ‎　　36.【解析】考查名词辨析，从下面一句话能看出来应该是“像爱盐一样爱他的爸爸”故选A。‎ ‎　　37.【解析】考查连词，从“simple”和“important”可以看出来是相反关系，所以选D ‎　　38.【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文“We also use salt to produce other products”可知：在讲它有很多用途。故选C。‎ ‎　　39.【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意“把盐放在结冰的路上”可推知：是为了使路面不那么光滑而保持安全。故选B。‎ ‎　　40.【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文“As a result, salt protects food and many other things.”可知：选A。‎ ‎　　41.【解析】考查介词辨析。根据句意，可知：在有盐的环境里，大部分细菌不能存活。故选A。‎ ‎　　42.【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文“Its usefulness, together with rarity (稀有)made it very expensive.”可知：使得盐是有价值的。故选C。‎ ‎　　43.【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：即使在今天，努力的，有价值的人们被认为是“地球之盐”。故选D。‎ ‎　　44.【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文：“Its usefulness, together with rarity (稀有)made it very expensive.”说明很稀有,很难得到，故选B。‎ ‎　　45.【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文：“In fact, the word salary(薪水)comes from the word salt.”被当成薪水，也就是钱的意思。故选A。‎ ‎　【参考答案】：46-47 DB ‎　　【语篇解读】：本篇文章是封信件，主要阐述Susan Rosen对订购的裙子不满的地方以及Victor Smith先生给予相对应解决方法和回复。‎ ‎　　【逐题解析】：‎ ‎　　46. D 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “I ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. ” 可知，Susan Rosen写信主要是为了向Victor Smith说明她所买的东西以及问题。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　47. B 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “We are sending you another skirt with this letter.” 可知，Victor Smith寄送给Susan Rosen 另外一件裙子。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　【参考答案】：48-51 CABA ‎　　【语篇解读】：本篇是一个记叙文。主要记叙了一个叫Edward的小男孩，用父母给自己的两美元去帮助更需要的穷人。最后小男孩不仅从爸爸那得到了喜欢的书作为新年礼物并且还得到了比新年礼物更重要的奖励——这就是善良和他人的感谢的故事。‎ ‎　　48. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 “He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty 49. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句 “The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language.” 可知。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　50. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段第二句 “He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man , and the other to his wife”和 第二段“When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars”可知。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　51. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第十一段可知。难度较小。‎ ‎　【参考答案】：52-55 CDDB ‎　　【语篇解读】：本文是一篇广告。主要是介绍DIY Your Own Desserts课程的主要内容以及课程的费用和报名的方式。‎ ‎　　【逐题解析】：‎ ‎　　52. C 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中 “Come to our class and make your own desserts.” 可知，如果你想亲自做些甜品，可以加入这个课程。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　53. D 【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段中 “The class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes each lesson.” 可知，在这个课堂上，你可以有亲身实践的烹饪经历。本题难度适中。‎ ‎　　54. D 【解析】细节推断题。由文中 “$30 each lesson” 可知，五节课需要$150。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　55. B 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “You can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it” 可知，可以通过发送邮件或直接去办公室报名参加。本题难度较小。‎ ‎【参考答案】：56-60 DACDB ‎　　【语篇解读】：本篇文章是一篇议论文。通过阐述参加志愿者活动的益处以及如何帮助人们消除对参加志愿者活动的顾虑从而鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。‎ ‎　　【逐题解析】：‎ ‎　　56. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 “You see how little things can change a person’s life for the better ”可知。本题难度适中。学生在选题时容易受到第一句的影响误选B.但如果仔细看后面的句子不难选出正确答案。做题时务必控制答题速度。‎ ‎　　57. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities”可知。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　58. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段后面★标注的几条建议，我们可以逐一排除错误选项。根据第五条建议中提到的 “Invite a friend or family member to serve” 可知。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　59. D 【解析】词义推断题。根据下划线单词 “Veteran”后面的句子 “He volunteered a lot”说明他参加了很多活动，也就是经验丰富的意思。本题难度较小。‎ ‎　　60. B 【解析】主旨大意题。通过最后一段第一句和最后一句“Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives” “...little things can change a person’s life”说明参加志愿者活动的好处。可以推测出作者是要鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。‎ ‎【参考答案】：‎ ‎　　66. A group of technologies ‎　　67. Self-driving cars and trucks ‎　　68. AI will also create many new jobs for people ‎　　69. AI’s recent developments have got a lot of social attention.‎ ‎　　70. 人工智能在很多方面正在改变人们怎么样居住和工作。‎ ‎　　【逐题解析】：‎ ‎　　66.【解析】细节题，考察精确查找答案的能力。通过抓住关键词 help machine很容易确定答案 ‎　　67.【解析】细节题，根据第三段最后一句可以确定答案。‎ ‎　　68.【解析】根据create关键词 可以确定区间为为第四段第一句话，从而确定主体。‎ ‎　　69.【解析】考察对第二段文章主要内容的理解。‎ ‎　　70.【解析】翻译时需要注意文章时态，以及关键词how和it的翻译。‎ ‎　【参考答案】：‎ ‎　　81. Is it hot outside?‎ ‎　　82. Remember to arrive on time.‎ ‎　　83. What do we have for lunch?‎ ‎　　84. Lucy brought me a cup of tea.‎ ‎　　85. How beautiful your kites are!‎ ‎　　【逐题解析】：‎ ‎　　81. Is it hot outside?‎ ‎　　【解析】句意为：外面的天气热吗?根据所给标点可知用疑问句。分析所给词汇可知是一般疑问句, 系动词is提前, it做主语，hot做表语，outside做地点状语。‎ ‎　　82. Remember to arrive on time.‎ ‎　　【解析】句意为：记得准时到达。根据所给的标点可知是陈述句。分析所给词汇可知是动词原形开头的祈使句，remember是动词做谓语，to arrive做宾语，on time做时间状语。‎ ‎　　83. What do we have for lunch?‎ ‎　　【解析】句意为：我们中午吃什么?根据所给标点可知用疑问句。分析所给词汇可知是特殊疑问句，what是特殊疑问词，do是助动词(引导一般疑问句)，we是主语，have for lunch是固定搭配做谓语和宾语。‎ ‎　　84. Lucy brought me a cup of tea.‎ ‎　　【解析】句意为：露西带给我一杯咖啡。根据所给标点可知用陈述句。分析所给词汇，Lucy做主语，brought做谓语，me是双宾中的间接宾语，a cup of tea是直接宾语。‎ ‎　　85. How beautiful your kites are!‎ ‎　　【解析】句意为：你的风筝真漂亮。根据所给标点可知用感叹句。分析所给词汇是how引导的感叹句，how是感叹词，beautiful是形容词，your kites是主语，are是谓语。‎