最新中考英语完形填空附详解 12页

中考完型填空的6个命题特点 ‎ ‎ 一、重语境 完形填空着眼于整体理解，必须在对短文大意进行了解的基础上才能较准确地推知答案。因此，需要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情节，尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索，把自己置身于情景当中进行填空，这样才能比较顺利且有把握地捕捉到正确信息。‎ 二、重实词 完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词，当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词，如介词、连词等。‎ 三、重首句 首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句，是观察全文的窗口，对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。如果设选项，就会加大难度，影响对文章信息的捕捉，使做题者陷入茫然。‎ 四、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力 完形填空题的特点在于人为地设置了很多空格，使文章支离破碎、残缺不全，这就造成了理解上的障碍。需要考生跳过空格，快速领悟文章主旨。只有这样，才能保证思路连贯，在理解的过程中迅速抓住文章的中心意思。设空有一定的规律性。一般说来大都是均衡分布，各空之间的距离大致相当，通常是隔一定词数，留出一个空格，不连续设空。关系过于密切时，只设一个选项。如果两个相互依存，关系密切的单词或短语都设为选项，就会形成错一个等于错两个，对一个等于对两个的现象。‎ 五、重对文章的整体把握能力 对文章的整体把握就是指根据文章的主旨，通过上下文暗示，对整篇文章、整个段落或整个意群的整体文意的把握。‎ 六、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力 完形填空题中干扰项的干扰，一般与语法结构无太大关系，重在文意干扰。因此，只要把握了文意和具体的语境，通过对词义的辨析，一些错误的干扰项就容易被排除。‎ 最新中考英语完形填空 (附详解)‎ ‎ ‎ My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ‎ ‎___1___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he has a problem when you saw him ___2___. ‎ Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___3___ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, ___4___. We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be ___5___ to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. ‎ In ___6___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___7___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___8___. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know. ‎ He ran four to five mile every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___9___, so I went to ___10___ him after school. I found him running ___11___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept ___12___. ‎ Two weeks later, the names of the team ___13___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___14___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn’t do it … so he didn’t know. He just ___15___ it. ‎ ‎1. A. spent B. taken    C. cost D. paid ‎2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk ‎3. A. after B. before   C. during D. till ‎4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet ‎5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid ‎6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth ‎7. A. so B. if C. then D. because ‎8. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade ‎9. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried ‎10. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for ‎11. A. alone B. away   C. almost D. already ‎12. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running ‎13. A. jumpers  B. runners C. doctors D. teachers ‎14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found ‎15. A. made B. played C. had D. took ‎ 【答案与解析】文章讲述了Joey一出生便被医生认定不能正常地跑动，但是Joey的父母一直没有把这个情况告诉他。因此Joey就在这种毫不知情的情况下，凭借着自身的努力，终于如愿以偿地入选了校田径队。‎ ‎1. A。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他生命中的头三年是在医院里度过的”。spend有“花时间于……，度过”的意思，并且spend还可做及物动词，所以放在此处，不仅符合此处的语境，而且也符合此句的语法结构。故答案选A。‎ ‎2. D。根据前文中The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk，可知医生认为作者的儿子在经过治疗后是能够走路的。因此可推出此处是“在他8岁时，当你看到他走路，你察觉不出他有什么问题”。故答案选D。‎ ‎3. C。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“邻居家的孩子在他们做游戏时总是跑来跑去”。during的意思为“在……期间”，放在此处符合此处的语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎4. B。前文提到医生认为作者的儿子将不能正常地跑动，而后文则提到作者没有把这个情况告诉给他的儿子，因此Joey不知道。所以综合前后文，可知此处是“Joey也跳、也跑、也玩耍”。故答案选B。‎ ‎5. A。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他也许不能像其他的小朋友那样能够正常地跑动”。be able to do的意思为“能够做……事”，故答案选A。‎ ‎6. B。根据后文中“He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders”，可推知这里是“在七年级时他决定参加校田径队”。故答案选B。‎ ‎7. D。前文提到Joey每天坚持训练，而且练得比其他任何人都勤，后文则讲述只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中，因此综合前后文的内容联系，不难得出前后文之间形成了一个因果关系，即Joey每天刻苦训练是因为只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中。故答案选D。‎ ‎8. C。联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中代表学校参赛”。故答案选C。‎ ‎9. D。这里提到Joey每天坚持跑4~5英里，即使在他发烧的时候也没有中断，而前文提到Joey早在出生时就被医生认定是不能正常地跑动，所以根据逻辑思维，作者作为Joey的家长此时一定感到很担心。故答案选D(from www.zkenglish.com)。‎ ‎10. D。根据前文综述，再对照选项，可得出这里是在讲述作者决定在Joey放学后来找他。故答案选D。‎ ‎11. D。 根据后文中He has two more miles to go，再对照选项，可推知此处是“我发现他已经在跑了”。故答案选D。‎ ‎12. D。 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他径直地看着前方，并且一直跑着”。故答案选D。‎ ‎13. B。 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“两周后，队员名单被公布出来了”，再因为Joey选择的是跑步运动，故答案选B。‎ ‎14. C。根据前文中We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team，再对照选项，可推知此处应填make，即根据前文中的相同或类似表述可得出。再因为make有“作为……的一分子”的意思，放在此处，意思为Joey加入了田径队。故答案选C。‎ ‎15. D。根据前文中“We never told him he couldn’t do it… so he didn’t know”，再结合Joey入选校田径队的事实，可推知此处要表达的内容是“他确实参加了”，即Joey是在一种毫不知情的情况下参加了田径队。take的意思有“参加，加入”，故答案选D。‎ ‎ ‎ 做完形填空的五个注意点 ‎ ‎ ‎1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。 ‎ ‎2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。 ‎ ‎3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。 ‎ ‎4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其他三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。 ‎ ‎5. 动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。‎ ‎ ‎ Fashion not only in Clothes For most people，the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question，“What ___1___ are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a ___2___ coat.” “His shirt was really a fashionable color.”‎ But of course there are fashions ___3___ many things，not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are ___4___ fashions in school subjects, jobs…and in languages. Fashions ___5___ as time goes. ___6___ you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different ___7___ one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1850.‎ Today fashions change very quickly. We hear about things ___8___ more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and televisions send information from one country ___9___ another in a few hours. New fashions mean that people will ___10___ new things, so you see there is money in fashion.‎ ‎1. A. color B. clothes C. food D. money ‎2. A. nice B. beautiful C. expensive D. fashionable ‎3. A. at B. by C. in D. with ‎4. A. even B. just C. only D. already ‎5. A. change B. changes C. are changed D. changed ‎6. A. Where B. When C. If D. As ‎7. A. on B. for C. with D. from ‎8. A. very B. much C. too D. quite ‎9. A. in B. by C. to D. with ‎10. A. buy B. sell C. get D. use ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. B。根据首句“时髦意味着衣服”，很容易推测出要问的是“衣服”。‎ ‎2. D。根据上文“用同样的方法使用形容词 fashionable”，下文自然是含有fashionable的句子。‎ ‎3. C。根据下文中的in holidays，in restaurants等，运用语感感知法立刻就能锁定正确选项。‎ ‎4. A。上句“假期时髦、餐馆时髦……”和本句的“学科时髦、工作时髦……”之间是进一步说明的关系，因此，要选表示递进关系的副词。这四个副词中只有even表示递进关系。‎ ‎5. A。“时髦随着时间的推移发生变化”，属于客观事实和普遍真理，因此，要用一般现在时(from www.zkenglish.com)。‎ ‎6. C。“看过去的像片或物品”和“看到时髦总是在变化”是条件与结果的关系，因此，本句应选引导条件状语从句的连词。‎ ‎7. D。表示“与……不同”，要用固定词组be different from。根据下句中的different from，运用就地发现法，也能立马锁定选项。‎ ‎8. B。从句子结构方面来看，这是一个表示两者进行比较的句型。根据语法规则“修饰比较级时要用程度副词much”，就可以排除其他选项。‎ ‎9. C。此处是指“从一个国家，到另一个国家”。表达这一意思时，要用连词词组from... to...。‎ ‎10. A。根据后半句“明白钱的时髦”，运用科学推理法可知“只有买东西才能知道”，因此，应是“买新东西”。‎ ‎ ‎ 中考英语完形填空训练·附详解 ‎ ‎ 完形填空No. 01‎ The best way of learning a language is always using it. The best way of learning spoken English is ___1___ in English as much as possible. Sometimes you’ll get your words ___2___ up and people will not ___3___ you. Sometimes people will ___4___ things too quickly and you can’t understand them. But ___5___ you keep your sense of humor, you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you ___6___. Don’t be unhappy if people seem to be laughing ___7___ your mistakes. It’s ___8___ for people to laugh at your ‎ mistakes than to be angry with you, ___9___ they don’t understand what you we saying. The most important thing for learning English is: “Don’t be ___10___ of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.” ‎ ‎1. A. listening         B. talking C. reading D. writing ‎2. A. mix B. mixing C. to mix  D. mixed ‎3. A. like B. know C. help D. understand ‎4. A. say B. talk C. tell D. speak ‎5. A. if B. when C. since D. although ‎6. A. have B. make C. take D. product ‎7. A. at B. on C. in D. for ‎8. A. good B. better C. best D. well ‎9. A. unless B. because C. as soon as D. as long as ‎10. A. sad B. worry C. afraid D. unhappy ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. B。在听、说、读、写四个学习环节中，学英语口语最好的方法只能是“说”才合乎实际。‎ ‎2. D。宾语的动作由别人来完成时，补足语要用过去分词。‎ ‎3. D。“说不清，道不明”，听的人自然不 “明白或理解”说的是什么。‎ ‎4. A。这四个词都有“说”的意思，say着重说的内容，talk 强调两个人之间说话，tell着重把一件事情传给别人，speak 着重说某种语言。“说得太快”指说话的内容而言，因此，选say。‎ ‎5. A。“保持幽默感”与“嘲笑错误”是条件与结果的关系，所以本句是个条件状语从句。when和since引导时间状语从句，although 引导让步状语从句，只有if引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎6. B。make a mistake 是个固定词组，意思是“犯错误”。‎ ‎7. A。laugh at是个固定词组，意思是“嘲笑”。‎ ‎8. B。“嘲笑……”与“愤怒……”相比较时，要用形容词比较级。good和well是原级，best是最高级。‎ ‎9. B。“笑话你的错误或向你发脾气”与“不理解说的是什么”是结果与原因的关系，所以该句是个原因状语从句。unless与as long as引导条件状语从句，as soon as引导时间状语从句，只有 because引导原因状语从句。(from www.zkenglish.com)‎ ‎10. C。选sad 和 happy 不符合上下文语境，也不合逻辑。如选worry，意思上讲得通，英语中却没有 worry of 这个词组，要改成 worry about才对 完形填空No. 02‎ We should remember that we all learned our own language well when we were children. If we could learn ___1___ second language in the same way, it would not seem so ___2___. Think ___3___ what a small child does. It listens to what people say and tries ______ 4______ what it hears. When it wants something, it has to ask ___5___ it. It is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time. If people ___6___ use a second language all the time, they would learn it quickly. ‎ We learn our own language ___7___ hearing people speak it, not by seeing what they write. We imitate ___8___ what we hear. In school, though you learn to read and write ___9___ to hear and speak, it is the best way ___10___ all the new words through the ear. You can read them, speak them, and write them later.‎ ‎1. A. a B. an C. the D. /‎ ‎2. A. easy B. fast C. simple D. difficult ‎3. A. of B. out C. over D. about ‎4. A. imitate B. imitating C. to imitate D. imitated ‎5. A. of B. for C. after D. about ‎6. A. could B. should C. would D. had to ‎7. A. of B. by C. on D. with ‎8. A. what B. when C. where D. how ‎9. A. and B. but C. as well as D. as long as ‎10. A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. A。该题测试冠词的用法，用语法分析法。该句中“学习第二种语言”指的是除了母语之外的任何一种语言，并非特指，而是泛指，因此，要用不定冠词。这样就可排除后面两个选项，second 是以辅音开头的单词，又可否定第二个选项。‎ ‎2. D。该题用科学推测法。“按照学习母语的方法学习第二种语言，肯定不难”，不可能是“不容易，学得不快，不简单”。‎ ‎3. A。该题用逐个排除法。回忆学习母语的方法，马上就能想起来，根本用不着思索(think out)，仔细考虑(think over)，这样就能排除中间两个选项。表示“考虑，对……看法”时，‎ think of和think about可互换使用，表示“想起，记起”时，只能用think of，这样又可排除最后一个选项。‎ ‎4. C。从语法上分析，表示还没有做的事情做宾语时，要用带to的动词不定式；从语境上分析，表示“尽力做某事，设法做某事”时，要用词组try to do sth 来表示。 ‎ ‎5. B。根据上半句“想要……”，可推测出下半句是“不得不向……要”，要选一个能与ask构成表示“向……要”意思的介词，这四个介词中，只有for。ask for是个固定词组，根据固定搭配法也能锁定正确选项。‎ ‎6. D。该题测试情态动词的用法，用语境推测法。“总是在用第二种语言”，一定是受外界条件影响的结果，属于客观条件逼迫着不得不怎么样，因此，要用have to来表示。‎ ‎7. B。根据句中提供的语境，“学习自己的语言”与“听说”之间，应选一个表示“依据，按照，通过”的介词。这四个介词中，只有by有此意思。从与hearing people speak it相并列的by seeing what they write短语，运用语感感知法，也能迅速锁定选项。‎ ‎8. A。该题用语法分析法。hear是个及物动词，需要接宾语，when，where，how都是疑问副词，不能充当宾语。(from www.zkenglishlcom)‎ ‎9. C。该题用语境推测法。“读和写”与“听和说”是并列关系，应选表示并列关系的连词。but表示转折关系，as long as表示条件关系，都不能被选。and 和 as well as 都是“和”的意思，选and时要翻译成“读写和听说”，同时还得去掉原句中的动词不定式符号to，显然不能被选。‎ ‎10. D。句意为“通过听力学习生词是最好的方法”。这是一个动词不定式短语作主语的句子，其中it是形式主语，指代后面的动词不定式短语。‎ 完形填空No. 03‎ There have been many great inventions that change the way we live. The first great ___1___ was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easy for man ___2___ heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years after that, there were ___3___ inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change ___4___. There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much any more. In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. ___5___ them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These have all become a big part of our life today. ‎ The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies ___6___ sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was ‎ also a time when a new ___7___ was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. Of course new inventions continued to be made. Man began looking ___8___ ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took another. Since then other countries，including China and Japan, ___9___ their steps into space. In 1969 man took his biggest step away from earth. ___10___ first walked on the moon. This was certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.‎ ‎1. A. scientist B. artist C. musician D. invention ‎2. A. carry B. carrying C. to carry D. carried ‎3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ‎4. A. largely B. differently C. greatly D. freely ‎5. A. Between B. Among C. Before D. After ‎6. A. in B. of C. on D. with ‎7. A. mistake B. product C. world D. material ‎8. A. for B. out C. after D. around ‎9. A. made B. were made C. have made D. hade made ‎10. A. Chinese B. Japanese C. Americans D. Russians ‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. D。该题用语境推测法。根据首句所提供的语境——伟大的发明，可推测出本句所列举的应是“第一项大发明”。(from www.zkenglish.com)‎ ‎2. C。该题用语法分析法。本句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to carry heavy things and to travel long distances。‎ ‎3. A。该题测试不定代词的用法。invention是可数名词，不能用little和a little来修饰，这样就可以否定后面两个选项。根据上下文所提供的语境，可推知：在车轮被发明之后到18世纪，车轮是最重要的发明，自然就是“几乎没有像车轮一样有影响的发明”，应选表示否定意义的few。‎ ‎4.C。该题测试副词的辨析，应用语境推测法。根据上下文可知此句意为“19世纪早期世界开始发生巨大的变化”。largely 是“主要地，在很大程度上”的意思，differently 是“不同地”的意思，greatly 是“很，非常”的意思，freely 是“自由地，不受控制”的意思。‎ ‎5. B。根据上下文语境，如选 Before 和 After，显然语句不通；between指“两者之间”，也不能被选。‎ ‎6. D。该题测试介词的用法。“有声电影”指画面伴随有声音的电影，这四个介词中，只有with有“随着”的意思。‎ ‎7. D。根据下文提供的语境可知“1935年生产出了尼龙”，而尼龙是一种生产布匹的原料。‎ ‎8. A。根据下文的“俄罗斯迈出了第一步，美国紧随其后”，可推知上文是“人类开始寻找进入太空的方法”。这四个词组中，look for意为“寻找”，look out意为“小心，留心”，look after意为“照料”，look around意为“环顾四周”，只有look for才合乎句子要求。‎ ‎9. C。since then是现在完成时的标志，意思是“此后，从此一直”。在这四个被选项中，made和were made是一般过去时，had made是过去完成时，只有have made是现在完成时。‎ ‎10. C。这是一道常识题。美国人首次登月是家喻户晓的常识。‎ ‎2008中考英语完形填空（有详解）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎    阅读下面的短文，从所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空：‎ Once upon a time, some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle(海龟). They began to beat the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them, “Stop!” The children ran ___1___ quickly. The turtle was very thankful and said, “Thanks for your kindness. I really would like ___2___ you to a wonderful palace now.”‎ The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he ___3___ the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “What a nice palace!” To thank him, the king of the turtles gave him ___4___. He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very ___5___ everything.‎ After dinner, the king of the turtles said, “I am going to give you two boxes, ___6___ you can open only one.” “You mustn’t open both. Don’t forget it!” the turtle warned him. “All right. I will open only one,” the young man promised(许诺). At this time, a large wave sent him out of the sea.‎ After he ___7___, he opened the bigger one of the two boxes. ___8___ the box was full of gold. “My God!” he cried. “I’m ___9___ now.” Then he thought, “Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He could not wait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he became an old man. His hair turned white. His face ___10___ an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.‎ ‎1. A. through B. away C. into D. out ‎2. A. wanting B. asking C. to let D. to invite ‎3. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got away ‎4. A. a very big dinner B. a very poor dinner C. a very bad dinner D. a very small dinner ‎5. A. pleased with B. strict in C. angry with D. sorry for ‎6. A. So B. Or C. but D. as ‎7. A. went back to home B. was back home C. went back to the sea D. was back the sea ‎8. A. To his surprising B. To one’s surprising C. To one’s surprise D. To his surprise ‎9. A. a poor man B. a rich man C. an old man D. a young man ‎10. A. Liked B. felt like C. looked like D. looked ‎【答案与解析】 ‎ 本文讲述一个年轻人因救了海龟而受到宴请和酬谢，但这位年轻人又因太贪心而突然变化的故事。对同学们做人很有启发。‎ ‎1. B 根据上下文判断，那些孩子们应该是跑走了。所以应选away。‎ ‎2. D would like 之后应接不定式，年轻人救了海龟的命，海龟应是“邀请年轻人到宫殿去”‎ ‎3. C 到达某个地方应用arrived at。‎ ‎4. A 按照逻辑，海龟国王要感谢他，必然设盛宴招待他。所以应选a big dinner。‎ ‎5. A 海龟国王盛情招待他，所以他对一切都满意 (pleased with对……感到满意)。‎ ‎6. C 前后是转折关系，选but。‎ ‎7. B 上段末说他已出海面，所以打开盒子应是回家(went back home) 之后。‎ ‎8. D 由后文“My God!” he cried 可知，应填To his surprise(使他感到惊讶的是)。‎ ‎9. B 他得到了金子，当然应该是a rich man。‎ ‎10.C 由于贪心，他的头发变白了，脸“看起来”像八十多岁的老头。‎