2017中考英语专题复习副词汇总 10页

‎【中考解读】‎ ‎【考点分布】1.副词的语法作用及分类 ‎ 2.副词的比较级 ‎ 3.副词的词义辨析 ‎【考点内容】掌握副词在句中充当的成分及副词比较级的变化规则，包括规则 ‎ 变化和不规则变化，掌握副词的词义辨析及具体用法 ‎【命题趋势】1.副词的比较级和最高级运用 ‎ 2.副词与动词的搭配使用 ‎ 3.对具体副词及疑问副词的辨析 ‎【副词定义】副词是用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说 ‎ 明其他形容词或副词程度的词。‎ 第一讲 副词的语法作用及分类 一、副词的句法功能 1. 作状语 ‎ 副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。‎ ①修饰动词 It’s raining heavily.天正下着大雨。‎ ‎ He speaks English well. 他英语说得非常好。‎ ‎【德州1】I carried the bowl with both hands___, so that I wouldn’t break it.‎ ‎ A. carefully B. happily C. quickly D. carelessly ‎ ‎【山西3】— Jack, I have to have a talk with your father today.‎ ‎ — Sorry, Mrs King. He is going on business and won’t be ___ until next week. ‎ ‎ A. out B. away C. back ‎ ‎【盐城4】 It was raining _______when my sister and I got to the museum.‎ ②修饰形容词 I am quite busy now.‎ ③修饰其他副词 Don’t drive too fast.别骑得太快。‎ ④修饰介词短语， —Where is the book?书在哪儿? —Just on the desk.. 就在桌子上。‎ ⑤修饰句子 Luckily , I passed the final exam. 幸运的是，我通过了期末考试。‎ ‎【注】修饰句子的副词，一般放在句首。‎ ‎【湖北咸宁4】—As we know it’s difficult to live in a foreign country. ‎ ‎ —_______ if you can’t understand the language there. ‎ ‎ A. Exactly B. Naturally C. Usually D. Especially 2. 作表语 ‎ 副词作表语主要指主语的方位、方向、动作或状态.‎ 如：in. out. on. back. down. up. off. away. upstairs等 ‎ My father is out this morning, but he will be in this afternoon ‎ I'll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟后就回来。‎ 3. 作定语 ‎ 有些地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。‎ ‎ The people there were very friendly.那儿的人很友好。‎ 4. 作宾语补足语 副词可以作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的状态。‎ Mr. King was seen upstairs. 有人看见金先生在楼上。（作主语补足语）‎ Bring him in. 把他带进来 （作宾语补足语）‎ ‎【拓展1】一般副词的位置 (1) 通常放在被修饰的动词后面,如果动词有宾语，则要位于宾语之后（副修动后）‎ ‎【聊城2】It’s dark. I can’t see the words on the blackboard _______.‎ ‎ A. carefully B. clearly C. silently D. patiently ‎(2) 副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面，（副修形前）‎ ‎ 只有enough例外，需要后置。‎ These flowers are quite beautiful. （在形容词前） 这些花相当漂亮。 ‎ He works very hard. （在副词前）他工作很努力。‎ This girl is not old enough to go to school.  这个女孩还没有到上学的年龄。‎ 副词用法：行为动词＋副词。‎ He writes __________. (careful)‎ ‎【威海2】To my surprise, my brother can speak English ______. ‎ ‎ A. lively B. perfectly C. badly D. friendly ‎【滨州】—Excuse me, would you please speak a little more ______?‎ ‎ —Sorry, I thought you could follow me. ‎ ‎ A. sadly B. quickly C. politely D. slowly ‎【拓展2】高频考点：‎ ‎【高频考点1】enough 修饰adj./adv时，放其后。‎ 绥化3】 — How do you like the talk show?‎ ‎ — I think it’s ________, but some people think it’s so________.‎ ‎ A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring ‎【高频考点2】常见的副词词组：‎ how many/much ‎ 多少 how long 多长，多久 how old 多大年纪 how far ‎ 多远 ‎ how often 每隔多久 how soon ‎ 多久以后 ‎【练习见下面辨析讲解】‎ 二、副词的分类：‎ ‎ 根据副词的词义，副词可以分为以下几种：‎ ‎（1）.时间副词的位置及分类 分类 位置 例词 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间，一般放在句尾 now现在, then那时, today今天, tomorrow明天, yesterday昨天, before前面, ago……之前,soon很快，once曾经，以前, at first首先, at last最后, just now刚才, at once立刻，马上 ‎（2）地点副词的位置及分类 分类 位置 例词 地点 副词 表示地点或位置关系，一般放在句尾 here这儿, there那儿, upstairs楼上, downstairs楼下, above上边, behind后边, everywhere每个地方, anywhere任何地方 注意 地点副词前省略介词 ‎（4）频度副词的位置及分类 分类 位置 例词 频度 副词 表示动作发生的频率。‎ 用在行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后 twice两次, daily天天，常常, weekly每周，每周一次, every day每天, every week每周, every month每月, always总是，经常, usually经常, often经常，常常, sometimes有时, ever曾经, never从来不 注意 提问用 how often ‎【温州4】—How often do you go skating?‎ ‎ —_______. I can’t skate at all.‎ ‎ A. Always B. sometimes C. Seldom D. Never ‎2、Sandy used to eat fast food. But now she _______ eats them. So she is becoming much healthier. A. usually B. often C. seldom D. always ‎3、The wind is blowing so _________that they can __________ stay outside.‎ A. hard; hardly B. hard; hard C. hardly; hardly D. hardly; hard ‎（5）程度副词的位置及分类 分类 位置 例词 程度 副词 表示程度，‎ 用在形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后。‎ quite相当, 完全，十分, rather相当，颇，有点, very非常, much许多, a lot许多, a little一点，一些, a bit少量, enough足够, hardly几乎不, almost大多数 ‎（6）疑问副词的位置及分类 分类 位置 例词 疑问 副词 用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。‎ 通常置于 句首 疑问副词有when，where，why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。‎ ‎（7）关系副词的位置及分类 分类 位置 例词 关系 副词 关系副词主要用来引导定语从句，放在句中 关系副词有when, where, why, how等，关系副词常用来引导定语从句。‎ 三、.其他常见副词 however ‎ 然而 besides ‎ 此外 instead ‎ 然而 exactly ‎ 准确地 probably ‎ 可能 mostly ‎ 多半 then ‎ 然后 therefore ‎ 因此 ‎ 四、.易混淆的形容词与副词 heavy 沉重的 heavily 沉重地 strong 强大的 strongly ‎ 强大地 easy 容易的 ‎ easily 容易地 careful 仔细的，小心的 carefully 仔细地，小心地 quick 快的 ‎ quickly 快地 simple 简单的 simply 简单地 ‎ 五、副词的构成 ‎（1）形容词—副词：形容词加-ly变副词 beautiful—beautifully bright—brightly careful—carefully clear—clearly correct—correctly deep—deeply different—differently final—finally polite—politely usual—usually wide—widely slow—slowly recent—recently regular—regularly quick—quickly safe—safely ‎（2）以y结尾的变y为i加-ly easy—easily happy—happily heavy—heavily lucky—luckily unlucky—unluckily noisy —noisily ‎（ ） Elephants eat________， but they can move ________ when necessary.‎ ‎ A．noisy; silent B．noisily; silently C．noisily; silence D．noisy; silence ‎（3）以e结尾去e加-y possible—possibly probable—probably simple—simply 一、副词的比较级和最高级的构成：‎ 副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，‎ 有规划变化和不规则变化。‎ （1） 规则变化 ①单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er/est 原级 比较级 最高级 hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest ② 大多数副词都在词前加more 或most 构成比较级和最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 slowly more slowly most slowly quickly more quickly most quickly carefully more carefully most carefully ‎（2） 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well better best badly worse worst much more most far farther/further farthest/furthest little less least 常见副词的用法及辨析【常考点】‎ 第一组：too/also/either too 一般不用于否定句，常放在句尾 ‎ You are a student, I am a student, too. ‎ also 用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前 They are also students. ‎ either 用于否定句，常放在句尾 I don’t like the film, either.‎ 第二组too much/much too too much ‎“太多”‎ 修饰不可数名词 I have too much homework to do ‎ much too ‎“非常，极其，太” ‎ 修饰形容词或副词原级。‎ The skirt is much too dear 第三组how long/how soon/how often/how far how long ‎“‎ ‎—How long have you lived in ‎ 多久，多长时间”‎ 是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。‎ Beijing? ‎ ‎—For ten year.‎ how soon ‎“多快，多久以后”‎ 用于一般将来时句子中，常用“in+段时间”回答 ‎—How soon will your father come back? ‎ ‎—He will come back in a week. ‎ how often ‎“多长时间一次”‎ 对频度提问，常用“once，twice，three times a week”等回答。‎ ‎—How often do you play football? ‎ ‎—Once a week.‎ how far ‎“多远”‎ 对距离提问 ‎—How far is it from here to your home? ‎ ‎—Only 200 meters away. ‎ ‎【菏泽2】—How often do you chat with your friends online?‎ ‎ —_________ I'm busy with my study.‎ ‎ A. Only one month. B. About twice a month.‎ ‎ C. Almost every day. D. Maybe in two weeks.‎ ‎【营口4】— It’s very important for everyone to exercise. do you exercise?‎ ‎ —Three or four times a week.‎ ‎ A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often 第五组already/yet already 已经 常用于肯定句 I have already finished my homework yet 已经、仍然 常用于否定句和疑问句句尾 ①I haven’t had lunch yet. ‎ ②Have you finished your homework yet.‎ 第六组too/enough/so too ‎“太，很”‎ 用于“too…to”结构，表示否定意义“太……而不能……”‎ ‎ The man is too old to look after himself.‎ enough ‎“足够”‎ 用于“形容词/副词原级+enough to…”结构，表示“足够……能……”‎ The boy runs fast enough to win the game.‎ so ‎“如此”‎ 用于“so…that…”结构，表示“如此……以致……”‎ The camera is so expensive that I can’t afford it.‎ ‎【河北2】We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so ________．‎ ‎ A. quick　 B. quickly　 C. useful　 D. usefully 第七组some time /sometime/some times/sometimes ‎【口诀】：分开是一段， 合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时 some time ‎ “一段时间”‎ It takes sb. some time to do sth.‎ ‎ 做某事花费某人多长时间 It took me some time to finish reading the book.‎ Sometime 表示将来或过去的“某个时候”‎ New students will come to our school sometime next week some times ‎“倍数、次数”‎ Our school is some times larger than theirs.‎ sometimes ‎“有时”（一般现在时的标志词）‎ Sometimes I know what she’s thinking.‎ ‎【2014浙江温州中考】—How often do you go skating?‎ ‎ —________.I can’t skate at all.‎ ‎ A. Always B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Never ‎【2014安徽中考】40. If my friends have any problems, my door is ______ open to them.‎ ‎ A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always ‎【2014江西】My sister __ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.‎ ‎ A.always B.sometimes C.hardly D.never 形容词和副词混合辨析 有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加-ly，意义有区别 close adj./adv. 靠近 closely adv. 密切地 high adj./adv. 高 highly adv. 高度地 free adj./adv. 免费 freely adv. 自由地 late adj./adv. 晚，迟 lately adv. 近来 deep adj./adv. 深 deeply adv. 深刻/深入地 near adj./adv. 邻近 nearly adv. 几乎/将近 hard adj./adv. 努力地 hardly adv. 几乎不 most adj./adv. 最 mostly adv. 主要地 wide adj./adv. 宽阔 widely adv. 广泛地 中考常考点：副词短语（16个）‎ 副词短语 ‎1. all of a sudden 突然;猛地 ‎2. as usual 通常;平常地 ‎3. as well 也;还有 ‎4. close to 几乎;接近 ‎5. come on 快点儿 ‎6. each other 相互 ‎7. far away在远处 ‎8. in that case既然那样;在那种情况下 ‎9. kind of 稍微;有点儿 ‎10. of course当然;自然 ‎11. once in a while偶尔地;间或 ‎12. over and over again 反复;多次重复 ‎13. quite a lot(of...) 许多 ‎14. right away立刻;马上 ‎15. up and down 上上下下;来回 ‎16. up to 达到（某数量、程度等）;至多有;不多于 副词2016全国中考真题 ‎7、—His handwriting is very careful.‎ ‎—Yeah. With the help of him, his sister writes as ________ as him.‎ ‎ A. care B. careful C. more carefully D. carefully ‎8、Last night the big fire in Sunshine Shopping Mall was started by the children playing with matches. , no one was hurt.‎ A. Luckily C. Suddenly C. Easily D. Sadly ‎9、The manager sounded on thephone．He offered to show us around the company．‎ A．softly B．friendly C．gently D．seriously ‎10、---Did you get Wechat red（微信红包）during the Spring Festival?‎ ‎ ---Yes. It’s the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now. ‎ A. totally B. widely C. actually D. hardly ‎11、一Do you often go shopping．Tina? No,_______．I don’t like shopping at all．‎ A．always B．usually C．never ‎12、This math problem isn’t so difficult that I can work it out ________.‎ A. easily B. usefully C. loudly D. quietly ‎ ‎13、According to a recent survey, ______three fifths of working mothers in china don't want to have a second child.‎ A. mostly B. especially C. partly D. nearly ‎14、Shanghai Disney Park will be opened on June 16"'. But the tickets for the first day have ______ sold out.‎ ‎ A. ever B. just C. never D. already ‎15、 -Your son used to be a homebody but he now likes outdoor activities. How did you do that?‎ ‎-I tried many ways over and over again. _______ ,I made it.‎ ‎ A. Next B. Then C. Finally D. Suddenly ‎16、—Can you catch what I said?‎ ‎—Sorry, I can_________ understand it because you speak very quickly.‎ A. almost B. Probably C.mostly D. hardly ‎17、In order to pass the exam, You need to work much ________now. ‎ A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly ‎ ‎18、______, we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai.‎ ‎ A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily ‎19、 I can’t hear you ______. Please speak a little louder.‎ ‎ A. clearly B. lovely C. widely D. friendly ‎20、It was late. She opened the door ________ because she didn’t want to wake up her grandma.‎ ‎ A. angrily B. quietly C. loudly D. heavily ‎21、—Mary，here’s a dictionary．I hope it will help you．‎ ‎ —Thanks a lot．It’s ________ what I need．‎ A．just B．nearly C．even D．almost ‎22、________we work, __________ we’ll learn maths.‎ A. The harder, well B. The harder, the better C. The hard, the better D. Harder, Better ‎ ‎23、----Can you understand what I mean? --- Sorry, I can ______ follow you.‎ ‎ A. always B. almost C. nearly D. hardly ‎24、Li Ping runs _______ than Ji Fang.‎ ‎ A. more slowlier B. very much slowly ‎ ‎ C. much more slowly D. very slowly ‎25、Sandy used to eat fast food. But now she _____ eats them. So she is becoming much healthier.‎ ‎ A. usually B. seldom C. often D. always ‎26、China is developing _________ of all the countries in the world．‎ A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the most fast ‎27、I ________ ride a bike to school. But this morning I took a taxi because I got up late.‎ ‎ A. never B. sometimes C. seldom D. usually ‎28、–Have you finished your homework _______? ---No, I’m still doing it now.‎ ‎ A. yet B. already C. still D. ever ‎29、I lost my backpack yesterday. , my classmates found it and returned it to me.‎ ‎ A. Sadly B. Unluckily C. Luckily D. Firstly ‎30、—How do you like this passage?‎ ‎—There are so many new words in it that we can__________understand.‎ A.really B.nearly C.hardly ‎ ‎31、—You’ve done a nice job! —Thanks. I always do everything ______.‎ A.care B.careful C. carefully ‎32、—Have you ____ joined in a dragon boat race?‎ ‎ —Yes，I have．‎ ‎ A．never B．still C．seldom D．ever ‎33、Sam runs much than his brother. ‎ A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest ‎ ‎34、 If we don’t use money , we’ll have a difficult time in the following months.‎ A. happily B. easily C. wisely ‎35、— The electric fan can ______ blow away the terrible smell in the room, can it?‎ ‎— It’s hard to say, but you may have a try.‎ A. hardly B. easily C. quickly D. probably ‎36、We decided not to climb the mountain because it was raining____.‎ A. heavily B. strongly C. hardly D. badly ‎37、--- Can you tell me why you learn English so well? ‎ ‎ --- It’s very simple. ______ you study, _______ grades you will get.‎ ‎ A. The harder; the best B. The hard; the better ‎ ‎ C. Harder; better D. The harder; the better ‎38、--- Would you like some coffee?‎ ‎ --- No, thanks. I _____ drink coffee. Coffee is bad for my stomach.‎ ‎ A. almost B. already C. hardly D. still