中考真题分类汇编用所给词的适当形式填空 8页

‎（2018·云南昆明）用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，使语篇意义完整，必要时请用否定式。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ The most interesting museum I’ve ever been to is the American Computer Museum. They have 66 (information) about different computers and who invented them. The old computer were much bigger. It’s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way! I’ve also learned that there was a special computer. It could play chess even 67 (well) than humans. I wonder how much more computers 68 (be) able to do in the future. ‎ ‎ I’ve 69 (recent) been to a very unusual museum in India, the international Museum of Toilets. I just 70 (could) believe my eyes when I saw so many different kinds of toilets there. The museum 71 (teach) people about the history and development of toilets. It also encourages governments and social groups 72 (think) about ways to improve toilets in the future. ‎ Last year I went to the Hangzhou 73 (national) Tea Museum. It’s a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea 74 (it). I’ve finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and 75 (collect) tea sets. ‎ 体裁 说明文 话题 文化之旅 词数 ‎200‎ ‎【主旨大意】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三中不同类型的博物馆，展现了各国不同的文化。‎ ‎66. information考查名词。information为不可数名词，故用原形。‎ ‎67. better考查形容词。根据句中than可知要用比较等级，well比较级形式为better。‎ ‎68. will be考查动词时态。根据句中in the future可知要用一般将来时，故用will be。‎ ‎69. recently考查副词。recent为形容词，其副词形式为recently。‎ ‎70. couldn’t考查情态动词。句意：当我看见那里这么多不同种类的厕所时我几乎不相信自己的眼睛。结合句意可知应用否定式，根据下文的saw可知应用一般过去式。‎ ‎71. teaches考查动词时态。结合下文中“It also encourages…”可知此句应用一般现在时，主语为the museum，为单三形式。‎ ‎72. to think考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。‎ ‎73. National考查形容词。national意为“国家的”，此处表示专有名词，故字母n大写。‎ ‎74. itself考查代词。句意：观看茶的准备工作就像饮茶本身那样非常令人享受。itself意为“它自己”。‎ ‎75. collecting考查非谓语动词。love doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。‎ C ) (2018·江苏徐州) 用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。‎ ‎(2018·江苏徐州) Donnie Darko is a fantastic film. It's a dark comedy, which is sometimes funny and sometimes frightening.‎ The film 53 (set) in an American town. One night, Donnie Darko, who is a teenager, meets a frightening man 54 (dress) as a rabbit. When a plane crashes into Donnie's house, the man saves his life and then tells him that his enemies plan 55 (end) the world in 26 days. The film is about the next 26 days. It's a teenage love story, a thriller, a science fiction film, and a comedy, all in one film.‎ Donnie Darko was written and directed by Richard Kelly, who 56 (be) only 25 when he made it. It 57 (win) plenty of film awards so far, but no Oscars. The music is really good, and it 58 (include) 1980s pop songs. Watch this film now and see what you think of it.‎ 体裁 应用文 话题 电影简介 词数 ‎145‎ ‎【主旨大意】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。简介《死亡幻觉》这部科幻悬疑电影。该片讲述了少年东尼在一个带着诡异面具的巨兔引导下，为了阻止宇宙走向毁灭而孤军奋战的故事 。‎ ‎53.is set 54. dressed 55. to end 56 was 57. has won 58. includes ‎ ‎ (2018·贵州遵义) Whose job is it to check your homework?‎ I don’t think it’s my parents’ job to check my homework. Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little 61 (baby) and depend on our parents all the time. We must learn to be 62 (independence).‎ ‎ I remember when I was in Grade Three, my parents 63 (ask) me to check my homework by myself. I didn’t know what to do at that time, so I only cried. But after that, I got used to 64 (check) my own homework in my studies.‎ Checking homework by ourselves is 65 good habit. It can help us find mistakes in exams more 66 (easy), it can also save the teachers a lot of time 67 they check our homework, and it can also let our parents worry 68 (little) about our studies.‎ Some day in the future, Mom and Dad 69 (leave) us. So we should start to learn to do everything by 70 (we) and really understand how important independence is.‎ ‎【主旨大意】本文是议论文。本文主要讨论了检查家庭作业是谁的职责这一问题，通过这一问题的讨论，表明了作者的观点：孩子应该通过自查家庭作业学会独立。‎ ‎61. babies 62. independent 63. asked 64. checking 65. a 66. easily 67. when 68. less 69. will leave 70. ourselves ‎ ‎61. babies【解析】通过上问中的句子“Since we have already grown up, ”，判断本句的意思是我们不能像小孩一样总是依靠我们的父母了。‎ ‎62. independent【解析】考查名词变形容词。根据前面的句子learn to be判断选择形容词。‎ ‎63. asked【解析】考查动词过去式。根据前面的句子“I remember when I was in Grade Three,”判断本句是一般过去时态，所以选择ask的过去式：asked。‎ ‎64. checking【解析】固定结构be/get used to，意为“习惯于”，后接名词或动名词形式。故答案是checking。‎ ‎65. a【解析】考查冠词的填写。根据文中句子发现缺少不定冠词，根据good选择不定冠词a。‎ ‎66. easily【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意：检查作业能帮我们更容易地发现错误。本题考查副词修饰行为动词。表示“容易地”，应用easily。‎ ‎67. when【解析】考查连词when。结合前后句发现缺乏一个连词：当......的时候，故填when .‎ ‎68. less【解析】对照It can help us find mistakes in exams more 66 (easy), …可知此句句意是：而且它也能让我们的父母亲少担心我们的学习。表示“更少地”，应用little的比较级less。‎ ‎69. will leave【解析】考查一般将来时态。根据前面的时间状语“Some day in the future”判断句义为：将来某一天，父母会离开我们。‎ ‎70. ourselves【解析】考查反身代词。句义为：我们应该开始学会靠我们自己做一切事情。本题考查固定短语by oneself，意为“独自”，此题故填our的反身代词ourselves。‎ 五、（2018广西玉林）语法填空（每小题1分，共10分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Let’s share this article about the importance of family in our life. As soon as the man goes into the world, the first persons he meets are his family 66 (member). The first person is the mother who has great pain to bring him to his 67 (beauty) world. Then is his father who is always there to look 68 him. Then come the brothers and sisters. Family is the first place for a person 69 (learn) things in this world. He learns everything from his family from baby time till old age. He sees his family walking and then he tries to follow them. He sees his family talking and then he tries to repeat the words. He also 70 (slow) learns the basic communication among the people in the family. He learns how to love, 71 to do, when to go bed, and how to get on with others well. This develops a kind of love among all family. ‎ ‎ The family works like a chain. You know, kids know 72 （little）than other people, so they should learn from elders while elders depend on 73 (they) kids for a lot of things. When kids grow up, get married, have children, the circle repeats again. Your family always come to your help when you are in trouble. They always supported you in different ways 74 it is on money or just on spirit. You can always share your problems with the family, and you always find a better way to solve your problems after 75 （discuss）them in the house. ‎ ‎ Considering all these things, we can say family is one of the greatest gifts that God sends us. ‎ ‎66. ________ 67. _________ 68. ________ 69. _________ 70. ________ ‎ ‎71. ________ 72. _________ 73. ________ 74. _________ 75. ________ ‎ 体裁 夹叙夹议 话题 家庭与家人 词数 ‎ 276‎ ‎【主旨大意】‎ ‎ 本文叙议结合，讲述了家人和家庭的在我们的一生中的重要性。从这个人一出生就与父母兄弟姐妹接触，在家庭中学习、成长，然后结婚生子女，在不同的情况下相互扶持。就像一个链条，如此延续下去。我们可以说，家庭是赋予我们的最伟大的礼物之一。‎ ‎66. members 这个人遇到的第一批人就是他的家庭成员。此处的名词应该用复数。‎ ‎67. beautiful 修饰名词world，应该用形容词形式beautiful。‎ ‎68. after 然后是总是细心照顾他的父亲。look after意为“照顾；照料”。‎ ‎69. to learn 家庭是一个人学习世界上事物的第一个地方。此处是动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词place。‎ ‎70. slowly 修饰动词learns的应该用副词，形容词slow的副词形式是slowly。‎ ‎71. what 此处是疑问词与动词不定式to do连用，构成动词不定式短语；此处疑问词在句中做do的宾语，故用what，表示“做什么”。‎ ‎72. less 由空格后的than可知，此处应该用little的比较级less。‎ ‎73. their 修饰名词kids的应该用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎74. whether whether...or...为固定短语，意为“不管……还是……” 。‎ ‎75. discussing after在这里是介词，其后的动词应该用-ing形式。‎ ‎(2018·浙江杭州)第二节：（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。‎ Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention.‎ First, came the invention of writing, 51 (probable) about 5500 year ago. With ‎ writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 52 (see) and share their knowledge with future generations.‎ Later, the Greeks were well-done for their literature(文学) and science, but their “books” looked very different 53 the books of today. They were called scrolls(卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54 (invent).‎ For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 55 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 56 (use) Chinese invention: paper.‎ But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books 57 were produced on a printing press.‎ These days it is difficult 58 (imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 59 (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen.‎ Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 60 will books, like scrolls, soon disappear?‎ ‎【解题思路】‎ ‎51. probably 考查副词。“大概 5500 年以前”是句子的时间状语，故填 probably。句意：首先来说一下写作的由来，大概在 5500 年以前。‎ ‎52. saw 考查时态。此处的 saw 是定语从句中的谓语动词，考虑时态，根据主句中的 could 判断从句用一般过去时，故填 saw。句意：他们能够与他们从来没有见过的人们交流，和子孙后代们分享他们的知识。‎ ‎53. from/to/than 考查介词。be different from/to/than 表示“与……不同”。句意：后来，希腊人因他们的文学和科学而著名，但是他们的“书籍”看起来和现在的书籍非常不同。‎ ‎54. were invented 考查被动语态。书和发明之间是被动关系，books 是复数，故填 were invented。句意：大约 2000 年以前，有很多书页的书被发明了。‎ ‎55. the 考查冠词。in the+序数词+century 表示“在第几世纪”，序数词前用定冠词 the。句意：书页由兽皮制作的那种现象在 13 世纪发生改变。‎ ‎56. useful 考查形容词。invention 是名词，发明，形容词修饰名词，故填 useful。句意：当欧洲人了解到中国一个非常有用的发明纸的时候。‎ ‎57. that/which 考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是物：the books，故关系词用 that 或 which。句意：更多的人能够负担得起通过印刷机生产的书。‎ ‎58. to imagine 考查不定式。It is difficult to do sth. 做某事是困难的。it是形式主语，句子的真正主语是 to imagine a world without books。句意：很难想象现在一个没有书的世界（是什么样子的）。‎ ‎59. stories 考查名词。story 是可数名词，more 是 many 的比较级，故 story 变成复数形式stories。句意：每年都有更多的故事作为电子书被购买并在屏幕上被阅读。‎ ‎60. or 考查连词。前后两句话表示的是两种假设，故应填表示选择的连词or。句意：将来有人会翻开传统书籍的书页吗？或者书, 比如卷轴，很快就会消失吗？‎ 四、(2018·山东聊城)语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1‎ 个个单词。 ‎ ‎ Many children love animals. And Willow Phelps is one of 61 (they). In fact, this American little girl not only loves animals, but she also has done really a lot for them. And 62 (连词) she did these kind things, she won the 2016 ASPCA (美国防止虐待动物协会)Kid of the Year.‎ ‎ Willow’s 63 (love) for animals started early. When she was about 3 years old, her family took in 64 (冠词) 18-year-old cat. Under the care of Willow, the cat lived for another 3 years. After that, many old pets arrived in Willow's home. So, Willow began to make plans to help more 65 (animal).‎ ‎ With her mum’s help, Willow began running, swimming and even sewing (缝制) toys to_ 66 (raise) money for animals in need of help. In her young life, she has 67 (successful) completed the three projects. Finally, she raised $11 ,000. She also succeeded in 68 (stop) the use of live goldfish as prizes at her school party. And what she did for goldfish was_ 69 (notice) and rewarded (奖励) by the ASPCA. ‎ ‎“I will continue to speak up for animals no matter how hard it is,” said Willow. Willow dreams of becoming an animal doctor 70 (介词) the future. Let's hope this little girl's dream will come true.‎ 体裁 记叙文 话题 兴趣与爱好 词数 ‎238‎ ‎【主旨大意】本文介绍了一名热爱动物、并为保护动物而做出许多感动人的事情的美国女孩的故事。‎ ‎61. them 此空指代前句中的children，介词of后跟人称代词宾格them。‎ ‎62. because 后句是获得的奖项，前句应该指获奖的原因。‎ ‎63. love 此空放在名词所有格Willow’s后面，应用名词形式。‎ ‎64. an 此空后面的形容词18-year-old的第一个因素为元音音素，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎65. animals 根据前面more可知用名词复数形式。‎ ‎66. raise 前面有to，此空应用动词原形构成动词不定式结构，表示目的。‎ ‎67. successfully 此空修饰动词completed应用副词形式。‎ ‎68. stopping succeed in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“成功地做某事”，故用stopping。‎ ‎69. noticed 根据and后面的rewarded可知应用同样的动词过去分词形式构成被动语态。‎ ‎70. in in the future为固定搭配，意为“将来”。‎ 五、(2018山东潍坊)词汇应用（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。‎ I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 （north）state of America, which is the 33rd 2 （large）state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state.‎ Several Indian tribes（部落）lived in Pennsylvania before 3 （Europe）came. The Dutch came first, 4 （follow）by Sweden. England started colonies（殖民地） later. After a few fights, they 5 （take）control of the land.‎ Pennsylvania 6 （give）to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the 7 （two）to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8 （be）an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too！Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well 9 （know）as the chocolate company.‎ There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10 （do） in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free 11 （enter）. Hunting is popular here, too.‎ 体裁 说明文 话题 地点介绍 词数 ‎256‎ Are you thinking about 12 （visit）the state？ 【主旨大意】本短文是一篇城市介绍，介绍了宾夕法尼亚州的概况。‎ ‎1. northern 【解析】句意：它是美国北部的一个州。在句中缺少形容词本题中缺少形容词 “北方的”，north变为northern，修饰state.‎ ‎2. largest 【解析】句意：美国第三十三大州。表示三者以上用形容词的最高级形式。本句结构是the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in短语(第几···)‎ ‎3. Europeans 【解析】句意：在欧洲人到来之前，有几个印第安部落住在宾夕法尼亚。表示“欧洲人”用European，又结合句意，用复数形式，所以填写Europeans。‎ ‎4. followed 【解析】句意：紧随其后的是瑞典。根据上下文知，本句也用一般过去时，所以填过去式。‎ ‎5. took 【解析】句意：经过几次战斗，他们控制了这块土地。由于讲述的是历史，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时态，动词用过去式，即took。‎ ‎6. was given 【解析】句意：宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。主谓语存在被动关系，时间状语提示用一般过去时态，故用一般过去时态的被动语态形式。‎ ‎7. second/2nd 【解析】句意：宾夕法尼亚是第二个加入该国的国家。表示“第二个”用序数词second。‎ ‎8. has been【解析】句意：自殖民地成立以来，费城一直是一个重要的城市。“since the colony was founded.”知，此处用现在完成时态，主语是费城，所以填写has been。‎ ‎9. known【解析】句意：也有赫尔希，这是众所周知的巧克力公司。短语be known as意为“被认为是，;以…著称”。‎ ‎10.to do【解析】句意：在宾夕法尼亚有很多事情要做。动词不定式表示目的。‎ ‎11. entry/entrance【解析】句意：它们都有免费的入口。结合句子，此处应该填写名词表示“入口”，故填写entry/entrance。‎ ‎12. visiting 【解析】句意：你在考虑访问这个州吗？介词后加动名词形式，即填写visiting。‎ ‎(2018•山东枣庄) 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下面材料，把答案写在答题卡第Ⅱ卷46-55小题的横线上，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案补多于3个单词。‎ You have 46 (probable) never heard of Amy Hayes, 47 she is a most unusual woman. She never throws away things we 48 (need) any more. She has always thought about how these things 49 (put) to good use. She thinks that nothing is a waste, The windows and doors of her house come from old building around her town 50 were pulled down. The top of 51 is an old boat 52 (turn) upside down. And the gate is made 53 rocks and old glass bottles. Amy isn’t only one who is good at 54 (recycle). Jessica Wong used old clothes to make bags. She 55 (do) this for a few years. Her bags are cute and useful. ‎ ‎【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Amy Hayes的环保故事，像Amy一样，Jessica Wong也用旧衣服来制作包包，重视环保。‎ ‎46. probably【解析】修饰动词heard，用副词probably。‎ ‎47. but【解析】前后表示关系，用but。‎ ‎48. don’t need【解析】根据句意及后面的any more可知，用一般现在时的否定形式。‎ ‎49. can be put【解析】these things与put之间存在被动关系，根据句意可知，用情态的动词的被动语态，故填can be put。‎ ‎50. that/ which【解析】building是先行词，指物，关系代词用that或which。 ‎ ‎51. it/the house/her house【解析】根据前面提到的房子，故填it/the house/her house。‎ ‎52. turned【解析】过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰an old boat，和boat存在动宾关系。故填turned。‎ ‎53. of【解析】be made of“由……制成”是固定短语。‎ ‎54. recycling【解析】be good at doing sth.表示“擅长做某事”。‎ ‎55. has been doing【解析】根据后面的this for a few years可知，用现在完成进行时。‎ 第三节 (2018·四川乐山)完成短文和对话（ （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）‎ A）(2018·四川乐山)阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。‎ A husband and wife were driving down a country road on their way to visit some friends. As they came to a muddy (泥泞的) part of the road, their car 81 (break) down.‎ They tried to get the car out by themselves, but it didn’t work. Then they saw a farmer 82 (come) down the road. He was driving some oxen (牛). He stopped when he saw the couple was in trouble. He said he would pull the car out of the mud for $20 (130 yuan). They agreed and minutes 83 (late) the car was free.‎ The farmer turned to the husband and said, “You know, you’re the 84 (ten) car I’ve helped out of the mud today.”‎ The husband looked around at the large land and asked the farmer, “When do you have time to plow (犁) all your 85 (field) ?At night?”‎ ‎“No,” the farmer answered, “I put the water in the hole at night!”‎ 体裁 记叙文 话题 故事 词数 ‎179‎ ‎【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲叙了一对夫妇开车去乡下拜访一些朋友。在泥泞的乡间小路上，他们的车陷入了泥潭里。接下来的事情出乎了他们的意外。‎ ‎81. broke 句意：当他们来到一段泥泞小路时，他们的车抛锚了。句中时间状语从句用了一般过去时，主句也应用一般过去式，故答案为broke。‎ ‎82. coming 句意：然后他们看见一位农民走了过来。see sb doing sth意为“看见某人做某事”，故答案为coming。‎ ‎83. later 句意：他们同意了，几分钟后他们的车没事了。Later用于一段时间之后表示“在……之后”，故答案为later。‎ ‎84. tenth 句意：你知道，你是我今天帮助把车拖出泥潭的第十辆车。“第十辆车”应用序数词，故答案为tenth。‎ ‎85. fields 句意：你什么时候有时间犁你所有的田呢？field是可数名词，“你所有的田”应用all your fields，故答案为field。‎ 第一节 综合填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎ (2018四川宜宾) 阅读下面短文，根据音标、单词、首字母和语境提示。在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求意义准确、拼写正确。‎ ‎ In China, you can travel to all corners of this big country by bus or train. It’s surprising what China has done in the past ten 61. ______(year) in terms of train travel —it now has the 62. ____(big) high-speed railway network in 63. _______ world. The high-speed trains are great, and a 64. ______/lɔŋ / train journey in China is a great way to see the country. ‎ ‎ China is a huge, fascinating country with so much to see. 65. A______ a student, I love traveling 66. _______ my parents, from big cities to seaside hot sports, to holy mountains, to national parks, to historical sites and to 67. ______/smɔ:l/ villages far away. 68. ______(get) out of your comfortable home here to some unknown places is a good experience as well. And you can eat local food, and 69. ______(real) reach the heart of the country. ‎ ‎ I always love traveling outside of Yibin to see our 70. ______(beauty) country—China. ‎ 体裁 说明文 话题 旅游与交通 词数 ‎164‎ ‎【主旨大意】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国经济和交通运输的快速发展为旅游提供的便利条件。同时介绍了作者对旅游的喜爱。‎ ‎61. years 62. biggest 63. the 64. long 65. As 66. with 67. small 68. Getting 69. really 70. beautiful ‎