名师测控浙江专版中考英语特训总复习教材知识梳理篇时八上Units910 9页

第10课时　八年级(上)Units 9－10‎ ‎,基础知识梳理 重　点　单　词 ‎1.exam n. 考试 ‎2．flu n．流行性感冒；流感 ‎3．available adj.有空的；可获得的 ‎4．until conj.&prep.到……时；‎ 直到……为止 ‎5．hang v. 悬挂；垂下 ‎6．accept v. 接受 ‎7．refuse v. 拒绝 ‎8．weekday n. 工作日 ‎9．reply v．回答；答复 ‎10．forward v．&adv. 转寄；发送；‎ 向前；前进 ‎11．delete v. 删除 ‎12.print v. 打印；印刷 ‎13．goodbye n. 再见 ‎14．glad adj. 高兴；愿意 ‎15．glue n. 胶水 ‎16．without prep. 没有；不(做某事)‎ ‎17．concert n．音乐会；演奏会 ‎18．event n. 大事；公开活动；比赛项目 ‎19．guest n．客人；宾客 ‎20．calendar n．日历；日程表 ‎21．daytime n. 白天；日间 ‎22．video n．录像带；录像 ‎23．chocolate n. 巧克力 ‎24．upset adj.难过；失望；沮丧 ‎25.taxi n. 出租汽车；的士 ‎26．teenager n. 青少年 ‎27．unless conj. 除非；如果不 ‎28．wallet n. 钱包 ‎29．mile n. 英里 ‎30．mistake n. 错误；失误 ‎31．himself pron. 他自己 ‎32．solve v. 解决；解答 ‎33．step n. 步；步骤 ‎34．trust v. 相信；信任 ‎35．else adv. 别的；其他的 词　汇　拓　展 ‎1.advice n．→advise v．劝告；建议 ‎2．experience n．→experienced adj.有经验的；熟练的 ‎3．hang v．→hung (过去式/过去分词)悬挂；垂下 ‎4．catch v．→caught(过去式/过去分词)及时赶上；接住；抓住 ‎5．invite v．→invitation n．邀请；请柬 ‎6．prepare v．→preparation n．准备；准备工作 ‎7．surprise v．→surprising adj.令人惊奇的；使人吃惊的；惊人的 ‎11.understand v．→understood (过去式/过去分词)理会；领会 ‎→understanding adj. 善解人意的；体谅人的 ‎12．care v．→careful adj.小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的 ‎→carefully adv.仔细地 ‎→careless adj.粗心的；不小心的 ‎13．sad adj.→sadly adv.令人遗憾地；不幸地；悲伤地 ‎→sadness n．悲伤；悲痛；难过 ‎14．normal adj.→normally adv.通常；正常情况下 ‎15．certain adj.→‎ ‎→surprised adj.惊奇的；感觉意外的 ‎8．open v．→opening n．开幕式；落成典礼 ‎9．meet v．→met (过去式/过去分词)遇见；相逢 ‎→meeting n．会议；集会；会面 ‎10．organize v．→organization n. 组织；团体；机构 certainly adv.无疑；肯定；当然；行 ‎16．angry adj.→anger n．怒；怒火；怒气 ‎→angrily adv.发怒地；生气地 重　点　短　语 ‎1.prepare for 为……做准备 ‎2．another time 其他时间；别的时间 ‎3．hang out 闲逛；常去某处 ‎4．the day before yesterday 前天 ‎5．the day after tomorrow 后天 ‎6．look after 照顾；照料 ‎7．turn town 拒绝 ‎8．take a trip 去旅行 ‎9.look forward to 盼望；期待 ‎10．hear from 接到(某人的)信、电话等 ‎11．potato chips 炸土豆片；炸薯条 ‎12．make money 赚钱 ‎13．go to college 上大学 ‎14．keep…to oneself 保守秘密 ‎15．make mistakes 犯错误 ‎16．in half 分成两半 核　心　句　型 ‎1.—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon？你能来参加我周六下午的聚会吗？‎ ‎—Sure，I'd love to.当然， 我很想。‎ ‎2．Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.萨姆一直待到下周三才走。‎ ‎3．To show how much we're going to miss her，let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th！为了展示我们多么思念她，我们在本月28日下周五为她举办一场惊喜聚会吧！‎ ‎4．I look forward to hearing from you all.我期盼着你们所有人的答复。‎ ‎5．For the party ‎7.Some people believe the worst thing is to do nothing.一些人认为最糟糕的事情就是什么事情都不做。‎ ‎8．She was afraid to tell her parents about it.她害怕告诉她的父母关于这件事。‎ ‎9．If people have problems，they should keep them to themselves.如果人们有麻烦，他们应该把这些麻烦留给自己。‎ ‎10．They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful.他们给她买了一个新钱包，还让她再小心些。‎ ‎11．In English，we say that sharing a ‎ next week，should we ask people to bring food？对于下个星期的聚会，我们应该叫人们带一些食物吗？‎ ‎6．Can you give me some advice？你能给我一些建议吗？‎ ‎ problem is like cutting it in half.在英语中，我们说与人分担一个烦恼就像把烦恼分成两半。‎ ‎12．So you're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it！因此，你只要跟人聊聊这个问题，你就解决了问题的一半！‎ 续表 话题与情景交际 Unit 9 发出、接受和拒绝邀请 ‎—Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?‎ ‎—Sure，I'd love to./I'm sorry，I can't.I have to help my parents.‎ Unit 10 谈论结果 ‎1．—What will happen if they have the party today?‎ ‎—If they have it today，half the class won't come.‎ ‎2．—Should we ask people to bring food?‎ ‎—If we ask people to bring food，they'll just bring potato chips and chocolate.‎ 语法聚焦 ‎1.情态动词(can，might)‎ ‎2．if条件从句 ‎3．情态动词should ‎,知识点解析 ‎　辨析receive与accept ‎【名师解析】‎ receive与accept都可表示“收到；接收”，区别如下：‎ ‎(1)receive仅表示客观上收到，不表示主观上是否愿意接受。receive多是接受实际的东西，如信件、礼物等，常与from连用。如：‎ Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra ￡‎100 a year！然后他笑了，告诉我说我将每年收到一百英镑的额外收入！‎ ‎(2)accept多表示接受抽象的东西，如想法、表扬、批评、道歉等，表示主观上愿意“接受”。如：‎ He asked me to marry him and I accepted.他向我求婚，我答应了。‎ 表示“接见；接待”时，要用receive而不用accept。如：‎ She was warmly received.她受到热情接待。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．We have already____received__(收到)almost 1，000 letters from the readers this month.‎ ‎2．Tom invited me to the party this morning and I ____accepted__(accept) it.‎ ‎3．I haven't____received__ (receive) Linda's invitation yet.She might have forgotten it.‎ ‎　refuse的用法 ‎【名师解析】‎ refuse sth.拒绝某事/某物。如：‎ She refused their invitation.她拒绝了他们的邀请。‎ refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。如：‎ He refused to change his mind.他拒绝改变他的想法。‎ refuse sb. sth.拒绝某人某物。如：‎ I just can't refuse my daughter anything.我就是无法拒绝我女儿的任何要求。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．The man invited the girl to his birthday party，but she ____refused__(拒绝)because she had to prepare for her exam.‎ ‎2．He refused ____to__say__(say) anything about his past，so we had no way to get to know him.‎ ‎　辨析answer与reply ‎【名师解析】‎ ‎(1)answer多指对问题的回答，其后可以直接跟名词或代词作宾语。如：‎ Can you answer my question？你能回答我的问题吗？‎ ‎(2)reply多指对某一陈述或主张的答复，后面接名词或代词作宾语时，要在名词或代词前加to，但接句子作宾语时不用加介词to。如：‎ The headteacher replied to our question.班主任回答了我们的问题。‎ He replied that he disagreed.他回答说他不同意。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．Jenny always ____answers__ (answer) her phone on the first ringing.‎ ‎2．Jason is so busy that he has no time to __reply____ (回复) to the letter from his pen pal.‎ ‎　辨析hear，hear of与hear from ‎【名师解析】‎ 词汇 含义及用法 例句 hear ‎“听到”＋宾语＋宾补 I heard a girl singing.我听到一个女孩在唱歌。‎ ‎“听说”＋宾语从句 I heard that you could cure cancer with this medicine.我听说你可以用这种药来治疗癌症。 ‎ hear of 表示“听说”，后面加sth./sb.‎ Have you ever heard of the Great Wall？你曾听说过长城吗？‎ hear ‎ from ‎“收到……的来信”，后面加sb.‎ I heard from my father last week.我上周收到了爸爸的来信。‎ ‎【考点对练】‎ ‎1．On my way home，I ____heard__ (hear) a little boy crying.‎ ‎2．I am looking forward to ____hearing__from__(收到)my best friend，Jimmy，because we haven't met for years.‎ ‎3．Have you ____heard__of__(听说)Mike Tompkins？He is a great Canadian singer.‎ ‎　advice的用法 ‎【名师解析】‎ 不可数名词，意为“劝告；建议”。常用搭配如下：‎ ‎(1)a piece of advice 一条建议 ‎(2)ask sb. for advice 向某人征求意见 ‎(3)give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议 ‎(4)take/follow one's advice听取某人的建议 动词为advise，常用搭配如下：‎ ‎(1)advise doing sth. 建议做某事 ‎(2)advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事 ‎(3)advise that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事 如：The doctor advised taking a week's rest.医生建议休息一周。‎ I advise him to pack some warm clothes.＝I advise that he should pack some warm clothes.我建议他带些暖和的衣服。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ 辨析advice与suggestion advice为不可数名词，不能直接和数词连用，而suggestion为可数名词。如：‎ He gave me three pieces of advice on how to learn English.＝He gave me three suggestions on how to learn English.关于如何学英语他给了我三条建议。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．I'll give you a piece of ____advice__(建议)to improve your physical health.‎ ‎2．We ____advised__(建议)him not to play computer games，but he didn't care.‎ ‎3．My teacher gave me much ____advice__(advice) on how to study English well when I had some trouble.‎ ‎4．The doctor advised me ____to__run__(run) for at least half an hour every day.‎ ‎　keep的用法 ‎【名师解析】‎ keepkeep＋sb./sth.＋宾语补足语(形容词、副 词或介词短语)使某人/某物保持某种状态 keep＋sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事 keep＋adj./prep.保持……‎ keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 如：You must keep the classroom clean.你们必须保持教室干净。‎ I'm sorry to keep you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等了。‎ We should keep quiet in the library.在图书馆里我们应该保持安静。‎ I can keep the book for two weeks.我可以借这本书两周。‎ The heavy rain kept the children from going out to play.大雨天阻止了孩子们出去玩。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．Keep ____quiet__(安静)，please！Talking is not allowed during the meeting.‎ ‎2．Keep on ____going__(go)．Don't stop.The higher you climb，the further you will see.‎ ‎3．The poor little boy bit his lip to keep him from ____crying__(cry) out.‎ ‎　invite的用法 ‎【名师解析】‎ invite v. →invitation n．邀请；请柬→inviter n．邀请人；邀请者→inviting adj. 吸引人的 invite vt.，其常见用法有：‎ ‎(1)invite＋sb.邀请某人 ‎(2)invite＋sb.＋to do sth.邀请某人做某事 ‎(3)invite＋sb.＋to some place邀请某人到某处 ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．Thanks for your ____invitation__(invite)．‎ ‎2．Mary invited me ____to__have__(have) a dinner with her family.‎ ‎　experience的用法 ‎【名师解析】‎ ‎(1)experience 作可数名词，意为“经历”。‎ ‎(2)experience 作不可数名词，意为“经验”。后接of或in，表示在某方面的经验。‎ ‎(3)experience作动词，意为“经历；体验；感受”。如：‎ Our country has experienced great changes in the last 20 years.在过去20年里，我们的国家经历了巨大变化。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ 学生们经常忘记了一点，那就是他们的父母总是比他们有经验。‎ Students often forget that their parents have more ____experience__.‎ ‎　Oh，but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.噢，但是萨姆直到下周三才离开。‎ ‎【名师解析】until 的用法 词性 释义 例句 介词 ‎“……为止，在……之前”，表动作、状态的继续。‎ I waited until three o'clock.我一直等到三点钟。‎ ‎“到……为止；直到……才”，一般用于否定句中。‎ The noise didn't stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。‎ 续表 词性 释义 例句 连词 表动作、状态的继续，“直到(另一动作或状态出现)之前”。‎ He lived with his parents until he got married.他与父母住在一起直到结婚为止。‎ ‎“直到；直到……才……”，一般用于否定句。‎ The children won't come home until it is dark.孩子们不到天黑不回家。‎ 备注 until与延续性动词连用，表示动作及状态继续到某一时刻。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．直到雨停了我们才回家。‎ We ____didn't__ go home ____until__the rain stopped.‎ ‎2．我们坚持工作直到午夜。‎ We kept working ____until__ midnight.‎ ‎　If you go to the party，you'll have a great time！如果你去参加聚会，‎ 你会玩得很开心！‎ ‎【名师解析】‎ if 意为“如果；假如”，用于引导条件状语从句，从句位置可在主句前也可在主句后。由if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时态表示将来，其主句可以使用一般将来时、含有情态动词的句子或祈使句。如：‎ If it rains tomorrow，we'll stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。‎ Please let me know if Mr.Green comes back.如果格林先生回来，请告诉我。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ unless＝if…not“如果不；除非”，其用法与if一致。‎ ‎【对点导练】‎ ‎1．如果明天你能来，我将开一个欢迎会。‎ ‎____If__ you can come tomorrow，I ____am__going__to__have__ a welcome party for you.‎ ‎2．We will hold the sports meeting ____unless__(除非)it rains tomorrow.‎ ‎,话题作文 制定计划 ‎【话题解析】‎ 分析近五年浙江中考真题和全国中考真题，从与制定计划类相关话题的命题角度来看，此话题主要会从以下四方面进行假设：①新学期的学习计划；②校园活动计划(班级活动、学校活动等团队、集体活动计划)；③假期计划(暑假、节日、志愿服务等社会活动的具体计划)；④人生计划(个人理想或奋斗目标等)。‎ ‎【常用表达】‎ ‎1．The summer vacation is coming，and I prepare to visit my grandparents in the countryside.‎ ‎2．My classmates made a decision to help the people in the nursing home.‎ ‎3．I am looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.‎ ‎4．It'll take about two hours to get there by bus.‎ ‎5．I'll try my best to take part in some afterclass activities and make more friends.‎ ‎6．Let's make a plan for the coming vacation together.‎ 典例示范 英语课上，老师要求同学们介绍个人周末计划。假设下面表格内容是你的计划提纲，请根据表格提示的活动内容，写一篇发言稿，介绍你的周末计划，并在班上与同学交流。‎ Saturday Watch TV Go to a bookstore Sunday Visit grandparents ‎…‎ 要求：‎ ‎1．发言稿须包括三个所列要点和一个补充要点；‎ ‎2．发言稿中四要点都要适当发挥；‎ ‎3．发言稿中不得涉及真实的人名、校名和地名；‎ ‎4．词数：80词左右(已给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数)。‎ Hi，everyone！Here's my plan for this weekend.____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________Thank you!‎ ‎【写作思路】‎ My plan ‎ for the ‎ weekendBeginning—here is my plan On Saturday—watch TV to relax myself，‎ watch comedies and cartoons，go to a bookstore On Sunday—visit my grandparents, help ‎ them do some housework, do homework Ending—this is my weekend ‎【范文展示】‎ Hi，everyone！Here's my plan for the weekend.‎ On Saturday morning，I'm going to watch TV to relax myself after a long week's study.I like watching comedies and cartoons.On Saturday afternoon，I'm going to the bookstore to buy some books.Reading is one of my hobbies.‎ On Sunday，I'm going to visit my grandparents because I miss them very much.I'll help them do some housework.After I come back，I'll do my homework to get ready for the next week.‎ That's my weekend.Do you like it？Thank you!‎ 模拟演练 马上就要初中毕业了，假如你有机会负责组织你们班的毕业派对，你将会如何构思设计出一个充满创意、情感和品位的毕业庆祝活动呢？请写一篇80词以上的短文，介绍你的毕业计划。‎ 内容要求：1.简介大致的构想；‎ ‎2．分点列出活动流程；‎ ‎3．小结活动的主要特色。‎ 注意：短文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和学校等信息。‎ ‎ 　　I have a plan for the party that divides into three parts.They're Picture Show，Talent Show and Senior High Message.‎ Part 1　Picture Show We bring some photos taken with our teachers or classmates and describe the photos with a good story about our school lives.‎ Part 2　Talent Show We can share our hobbies with our classmates.We can show what we can do in music，arts or sports.We can also show other special abilities like doing magic and so on.‎ Part 3　Senior High Message Each of us prepares a big card，and then writes down a message for senior high on the card for each other.So everyone can exchange the best wishes with his or her classmates.‎ In this party，all of us can share our wonderful experience in the past three years.We can present what we've learned and how much progress we've made，too.And finally we may look forward to the future with lots of encouragement and advice.　________________________________________________________________________‎