中考过去进行时讲解与练习 7页

中考过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense）讲解与练习Lisa 过去进行时学习方法 用法：‎ 过去进行时，是表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。‎ 一、过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语 when, while例如：‎ 1. My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle . 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来。　‎ 2. It was raining when they left the station. 　　他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。‎ 3. They left the station while it was raining . 　　天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。‎ 4. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 　　当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。‎ 二、 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 例如：‎ 1. What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)‎ 2. When I saw him he was decorating his room. 　　当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) ‎ 3. We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 　昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。　　 ‎ 4. What was he researching all day last Sunday? 　　上周日他一整天都在研究什么？‎ 三、 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：‎ 1. While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)‎ 2. He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 　　他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)‎ 四、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：‎ 误：I was knowing the answer.‎ 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。‎ 误：I wasn't understanding him.‎ 正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。‎ 典型例题：‎ ‎1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.　‎ ‎ A. made　 B. is making　 C. was making　 D. makes ‎ 　 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。‎ ‎2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. ‎ ‎ A. read; was falling　B. was reading; fell　C. was reading; was falling　D. read;fell ‎　 答案B.句中的as = when, ‎ ‎ while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。‎ 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别 一．一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。 ‎ Ａ、一般过去时 ‎ ‎　１）叙述过去状态、动作或事件 ‎ ‎ 　　He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间） ‎ ‎　２）表示过去的习惯 ‎ ‎ 　　a) would ,used to与过去时 ‎ ‎ 　　would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间 ‎ ‎ 　　used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯 ‎ ‎ 　　They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. ‎ ‎ 　　He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为） ‎ ‎ 　　b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表过去习惯。 ‎ ‎ 　　Used to 表今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。‎ ‎ 　　When he was a boy , he would often go there . （叙述过去） ‎ ‎ 　　She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比) ‎ ‎ 　　c) 表示状态时一般只用used to ‎ ‎ 　　Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态) ‎ ‎ 　　d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合适于，适应于…..” ‎ ‎ 　　He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常) ‎ ‎ 　　He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应) ‎ ‎　３）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依此事件用一般过去时。 ‎ ‎ 　　He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生) ‎ ‎　４）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want , wonder , hope 等 ‎ ‎ 　　How did you like the film? / Could you help me? ‎ B. 过去进行时 ‎ ‎－表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生 ‎ ‎　What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生) ‎ ‎　－短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算 ‎ ‎　During that time he was going with us.(表示打算) ‎ ‎　－与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱，讨厌等感情色彩。 ‎ ‎　He was always Changing his mind. ‎ 二、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 ‎ A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。 ‎ ‎　I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，“读”的片段) ‎ ‎　I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个“读”) ‎ B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用 ‎ ‎　It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用) ‎ ‎　He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. ‎ ‎ (短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时) ‎ C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 ‎ ‎　例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down. ‎ D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。 ‎ I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行) ‎ I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. ‎ I saw him while I was walking to the station. ‎ 三、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时） ‎ ‎1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。 ‎ ‎　I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget ) ‎ ‎2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 ‎ ‎3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等. ‎ ‎4)表一时性的动词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 ‎ 四、例题 ‎　　考题1 As she ____the newspaper ,Granny ____ asleep .(95) ‎ ‎ 　　A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell ‎ ‎ 　　分析 时间从句的动作长，而“入睡”动作短，故前者用过去进行时，而较短动词用一般过去时，选B ‎ ‎ 　　考题2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ . ‎ ‎ 　　A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked ‎ ‎ 　　C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked ‎ ‎ 　　分析 此题先要理解好when ，表“此时”，说明主句中slipped是较短行为，而look是较长行为的片断，即汤姆溜进房子，此时没人瞧见，故选A为正确。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎    过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense） ‎ 句型 S + was/were +V-ing… ‎ 例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening. ‎ ‎（昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。） ‎ 例B：We were having supper at that time. ‎ ‎（那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。） ‎ 解说 如例1所示，在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚，否则就不合逻辑了。例如： ‎ I was taking a bath yesterday. （错） ‎ ‎（昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小时都正在洗澡吗？） ‎ 所以本句应该如例1来表达，或者用一般过去时表达如下： ‎ I took a bath yesterday. ‎ ‎（昨天我洗了澡。） ‎ 如果由上下文的文意，或者对谈中的话意可以了解“动作正在进行中的时间”，单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的，例如： ‎ A：I called you up yesterday evening. ‎ B：Did you? At what time? ‎ A：At around ten o'clock. （大约在十点钟。） ‎ B：Oh, I was taking a bath then. ‎ ‎（哦，当时我正在洗澡。） ‎ 过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明： ‎ 过去有二动作A和B（如图示），在B动作发生时稍早发生的A动作正好在进行中，所以这种表达法通常都是复句（主句+副词从句）。例如： ‎ When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen. （今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。—“Mother…。”是主句，“when…，”是副词从句。） ‎ 常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：过去的某一定点时刻（at + 过去的时刻），then （= at that time）（那时，当时），all + 时间，“When…/While…/As…”等副词从句，etc. ‎ 强化训练Drilling Square ‎ 请判断下列各题空格处动词的正确时态（一般过去时或过去进行时）。 ‎ ‎1．It ________（rain）very hard when we ________（get）there yesterday. ‎ ‎2．I ________（watch） TV at 7:00 P.M. yesterday. ‎ ‎3．What ________（you do ） at that time? ‎ ‎4．She ________（have） a bath when the phone ______（ring）. ‎ ‎5．The students ________（make） noises while the teacher ________（be） away. ‎ ‎6．I ________（read） in my room when she ________（come）. ‎ ‎7．It ________（grow） dark, so we ________（turn） back for home. ‎ ‎8．As the winds ________（blow） stronger and stronger, we ________（not go） swimming yesterday afternoon. ‎ ‎9．The baby ________（cry ） all morning today. ‎ ‎10．We ________（have） a good time when suddenly the lights ________（go） out. ‎ 过去进行时练习题 一、 选择题。‎ ‎（ ）1.    I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me. a. cooked, were ringing         b. was cooking, rang    ‎ ‎ c. was cooking, were ringing        d. cooked, rang ‎（ ）2.    He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. a. tries            b. tried           c. was trying          d. will try ‎（ ）3.    While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room. a. was watching, was hearing    b. watched, was hearing ‎ c. watched, heard        d. was watching, heard ‎（ ）4.    They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night. a. were watching           b. watch         c. watched      d. are watching ‎（ ）5.    What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon? a. did, read, was seeing     b. did, read, saw ‎ c. were, reading, saw        d. were, reading, was seeing ‎（ ）6.    It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England. a. are getting          b. get      c. were getting              d. got ‎（ ）7.    Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army. a. is, thinking, was       b. was, thinking, is     c. did, think, is       d. was, thinking, was ‎（ ）8.    A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me. a. saw, passed  b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed  d. was seeing, was passing ‎（ ）9.    We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______. a. were waiting, waiting     b. were waiting, wait     c. waited, waiting   d. waited, wait ‎（ ）10.   He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday. a. helps          b. would help         c. was helping        d. is helping ‎（ ）11.   While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate. a. did, made          b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making    d. did, was making ‎（ ）12.   “_______ you angry then?” “they ______ too much noise.” a. are, were making              b. were, were making    c. are, made    d. were, made ‎（ ）13.   He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me a. did, heard   b. did, didn’t hear  c. was doing, heard        d. was doing, didn’t hear ‎（ ）14.   This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV a. repaired, didn’t watch    b. was repairing, watched      ‎ c. repaired, watched    d. was repairing, wasn’t watching ‎（ ）15.   His parents wanted to know how he _____ on with his new classmates. a. was getting         b. gets     c. is getting     d. will get 二、   用动词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.‎ ‎2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.‎ ‎3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.‎ ‎4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off.‎ ‎5. She __________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________________ (all, work) in the fields.‎ ‎6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring).‎ ‎7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.‎ ‎8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she _____ _____ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).‎ ‎9. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.‎ ‎10. There __________ (be) a group round the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An old woman __________ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________ (lie) near her; a donkey __________ (bend) his head over a tall girl.‎ ‎1. I _______ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.‎ ‎2. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _______(do) the same thing.‎ ‎3. What _____ you ______ (do) at that time?   We ________ (watch) TV.‎ ‎4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He ________ (listen) to the radio.‎ ‎5. They ________(not make) a model ship when I saw him.‎ ‎6. _____ they _______ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon? No, they ________. They _____ (clean) the classroom.‎ ‎7. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school?  Yes, it _______. (No, it ____)‎ ‎8. What ________ your father _____ (do) when he was your age?‎ ‎9. One day, Edison ________ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.‎ ‎10. He asked me if I _________ (go) fishing that afternoon.‎ ‎11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane ________ (leave) in five minutes.‎ ‎12. In a letter, john told us that he ________ (come) to china next month.‎ ‎13. When the bell rang, jenny ________ (wait) in her seat.‎ ‎14. She ________ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.‎ ‎15. While my father _______ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _______ a cry.‎ 三、 翻译。‎ ‎1．  昨天这个时候你们英语老师在做什么？她在和一些家长谈话吗？‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2．  当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3．  当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4．  那时二班的学生没在操场上踢足球，他们在打篮球。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5．  一天，母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6．  上周五一下午，学生们在干什么？他们一直在往墙上贴海报。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7．  昨天这个时候，一些学生在植树,一些学生在给小树浇水。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8．  老师走进教室的时候，学术们正在谈论当天的新闻。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9．  老虎等猴子的时候，他听到一个声音。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10. 今天上午放学的时候在下雨吗？是的，天正下着大雨。‎ ‎ ‎