中考英语第二轮复习专项训练学案单项选择 情态动词 8页

‎2019年中考英语第二轮复习专项训练学案 ‎(单项选择 情态动词)‎ ‎ 情态动词本身并不表示动作或状态，但是本身有一定的词义，要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词有can，could, may, might, must, have to. need, dare,shall, should, will, would等。‎ ‎ 1. 情态动词的分类：‎ ‎ (1)只作情态动词：must; can/could; may/might;‎ ‎ (2)既可作情态动词又可作实义动词：need ‎ (3)既可作情态动词又可作助动词：shall/should; will/would ‎ (4)具有情态动词某些特征：have/had to;had better ‎ 2. 情态动词的特点：‎ ‎ (1)情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外)；‎ ‎ (2)情态动词后接动词原形；‎ ‎ (3)情态动词的否定式是在其后加not;‎ ‎ (4)具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语；‎ ‎ (5)个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去、现在或将来。‎ ‎ 3. 情态动词的具体用法 ‎ (1)表示命令语气：must，“（主观命令）必须”；mustn't，“不许”；can't，“不准”。‎ ‎ (2)表示建议语气：must，“一定”；should，“应该”；had better，“最好”；mustn't/can't，“千万别”；needn't，“没必要”。‎ ‎ (3)表示征求意见和请求许可（问句中）：‎ ‎ ①Must I…？我必须……吗？回答：Yes，you must. /No, you needn't. /No, you don't have to.‎ ‎ ②Can I…？我可以……吗？常用于朋友间，同学间等。回答：Yes，you can. /No，you can't.‎ ‎ ③May I…？我可以……吗？常用于对长辈，陌生人的请求，比较有礼貌。回答：Yes，you may.／No，you can't/mustn't.‎ ‎ ④Could. ，. ？表示有礼貌的请求，答语应用can。‎ ‎ (4)表示请求语气：Can/Could/Will/Would you…？你能……吗？‎ ‎ (5)表达意愿：would like to，“想要……”；would rather，“宁愿……”；would mind doing，“介意”。‎ ‎ (6)表示推测语气：must，“必定”，用于表示肯定的推测；could/might/may，“有可能”；can't，“不可能”，用于否定的推测中。‎ ‎ (7) shall的用法 ‎ shall常用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中，表示请求，作肯定回答时，用“Yes，please.”；作否定回答时，用“No，thank you.”‎ ‎ 在使用情态动词的过程中，注意以下几点：‎ ‎ 1. can和be able to的用法比较：‎ ‎ can表示“能力；许可”，只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，而be able to表示“经过努力而能够做某事”，可用于多种时态。‎ ‎ 2. must和have to的区别：‎ ‎ must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要：have to侧重于客观上的需要。‎ ‎ 3. need后加to do说明need为实义动词，需借用助动词构成疑问句或否定句；若needn't后加do，则need为情态动词，此时由need引导的一般疑问句，若是肯定回答，不用need，用must。‎ ‎ 4. 一般来说，could是can的过去式，但在某些场合下，could可以用来代替can，表示现在的情况，只是语气比can委婉，此时，若是用could来提问，回答时用can，而不用could。‎ ‎ 5. may be和maybe ‎(1) may be意为“可能是，也许是”，由情态动词may+动词原形be构成，用在句申，作谓语。如：‎ ‎--- Where's my key? --- It may be in your pocket.‎ ‎ ——我的钥匙在哪？——也许在你口袋里。‎ ‎ (2) maybe为副词，意为“大概，也许”，作状语，相当于perhaps，用于句首。如：‎ ‎ Maybe he has gone abroad.也许他已出国了。‎ ‎ (3) maybe和may be可以互换，但要做些改变。如：‎ ‎ The film may be interesting.= Maybe the film is interesting. 这电话可能很有趣。‎ ‎ 例题 The girl riding a horse there____ be Shirley. Her left leg was badly hurt in an accident yesterday.‎ ‎ A. needn't B. may not C. can't D. mustn't ‎ 【解析】 C 考查情态动词辨析。needn't“不必”；may not“可能不”；can't“不能”；mustn't“不准”，表禁止。由“她昨天在一场事故中左腿严重受伤”可知，正在那儿骑马的女孩不可能是Shirley。表示否定推测用can't，故选C。‎ 真题测试 测试时间：30分钟 满分：80分 ‎1. --- Excuse me, is this the way to No. 10 Middle School?‎ ‎--- Oh, sorry. I'm not sure. But it __________ be.‎ A. must B. should C. need D. may ‎2. People__________ drive after drinking alcohol(酒). It's against the law.‎ A. mustn't B. needn't C. couldn't D. wouldn't ‎3. --- You look pretty in green, Kate.‎ ‎--- Thank you. I like green. Green give me energy.‎ A can B. must C. should D. has to ‎4. --- Mom, must I go shopping with you?‎ ‎--- No, you ___________ . You can watch the film Big Hero 6 with your friends.‎ ‎ A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't ‎5. --- Must I finish all the homework this evening?‎ ‎ --- No, you ____________. Tomorrow is Saturday, and you have enough time for it.‎ ‎ A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't ‎6. --- Look at the sign, it says "No parking' .You _________ park here!‎ ‎ --- Sorry, I didn't notice that sign just now.‎ ‎ A won't B needn't C. mustn't D. couldn't ‎7. You ___________write the poem down. Our teacher will give us a copy soon.‎ A. needn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. can't ‎8. --- Must I dress up as the Monkey King?‎ ‎--- No, you__________ . You can choose whatever you like.‎ A. can't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't ‎9. --- Who will give us the speech on public manners?‎ ‎--- Mr Brown _________ , but I'm not sure.‎ A. can B. need C. must D. might ‎10. --- Do you have any plans for this summer vacation?‎ ‎ --- I'm not sure. I ___________ take a trip to Taiwan.‎ ‎ A. must B. need C. may D. should ‎11. --- I think we need to sit down and have a talk.‎ ‎ --- I ________ agree more. Let's take the bench over there.‎ ‎ A. could B. couldn't C. should D. shouldn't ‎12. We __________ wait until the traffic light turns green when we cross the road.‎ ‎ A. must B. can C. need D. may ‎13. --- Jack, __________ you ride a bike?‎ ‎ --- Yes, I can.‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. need D. must ‎14. --- Mum, _________ I visit the Movie‎ ‎Museum tomorrow?‎ ‎ --- I'm afraid you can't. It is closed on Monday.‎ ‎ A must B. may C. should D. need ‎15. ---Is that man Mr Smith?‎ ‎ ---It __________be him. He has gone to New York on business.‎ ‎ A may not B. needn't C. can't D. mustn't ‎16. It’s surprising that Mr Ma's little daughter_________ speak English so well.‎ ‎ A. must B. can C. mustn't D. can't ‎17. --- What's the matter with Tom? He has been absent for two days.‎ ‎ ---Oh! He____________ be ill. Let's go and ask Ms Brown.‎ ‎ A. can B. need C. may D. would ‎18. There's an important football match today. I _____________ miss it.‎ ‎ A. may B. can't C. must D. needn't ‎19. Nathan likes his job because he _________enjoy the beauty of nature. ‎ A. can B. must C. should D. is supposed to ‎20. Reading a large number of books __________ make us wiser. The more we read, the more we know.‎ ‎ A can B would C. need ‎21. Look! The traffic light has turned red. We _________ stop our car.‎ ‎ A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't ‎22. Harry's been driving all day - he ___________ be tired.‎ ‎ A. need B. can C. shall D. must ‎23. ---I wonder if this smart phone is Mary's.‎ ‎ --- It ___________ belong to her. _________is totally different from this one.‎ ‎ A. mustn't; Her B. can't; Her C. can't; Hers D. may; Hers ‎24. Cars, buses, bikes and people ________ stop when the traffic lights are red.‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. must ‎25. As middle school students, we _______ be afraid of difficulties if we want to make our ‎ dreams come true ‎ A. must B. shouldn't C. need ‎26. --- I have a serious headache. __________ I go to school?‎ ‎ --- No, you needn't.‎ ‎ A. Must B. Can C. Should D. May ‎27. --- I have been to the moon twice.‎ ‎ --- You ____________ be joking! It's impossible!‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. must D. need ‎28. --- Mr Wang, must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday?‎ ‎ --- No, you ____________. I have asked Kate to do it.‎ ‎ A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't ‎29. Nowadays all passengers _________ go through safety check before they take a train.‎ ‎ A. can B. may C. must D. will ‎30. The green dictionary ___________ belong to_________ . Her name is on it.‎ ‎ A may; Carla's B must; Carla C. can't; Carla D. must; Carla's ‎31. --- Do you have any plans for this Sunday?‎ ‎ --- I'm not sure. I _________go to the countryside to see my grandmother.‎ ‎ A. can B. must C. may D. need ‎32. --- May I take this magazine out of the reading room?‎ ‎ --- No, you ____________ . You read it in here.‎ ‎ A mightn't B won't C. needn't D. mustn't ‎33. ---__________I know by what time you want the project to be done?‎ ‎ --- By the day after tomorrow. _________ you finish it on time?‎ ‎ A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would ‎34. --- Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer?‎ ‎ --- Sorry. You_________ return it today.‎ ‎ A. must B. mustn't C. can D. can't ‎35. --- I'd like a pet, but I am busy all day.‎ ‎ --- Goldfish are a good choice. You ___________ feed them every day.‎ ‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. needn't ‎36. There's no light on – they _________be at home.‎ ‎ A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't ‎37. --- Life gets easier with the Internet.‎ ‎ --- That's true! Almost everything __________ be done online.‎ ‎ A. can B. need C. must D. should ‎38. --- Is David coming by train?‎ ‎ --- He should, but he _________ not. He likes driving his car.‎ ‎ A. can B. need C. must D. may ‎39. --- Why did you pull the girl?‎ ‎ ---You see, traffic was so busy that anything _________happen to her at that moment.‎ ‎ A. could B. should C. may D. must ‎40. --- How nice that Lucy has been invited to the party too!‎ ‎ --- Well, Lucy________ not come. She is not certain whether her mother will allow her to.‎ ‎ A. might B. would C. must D. need 模拟测试 测试时间：30分钟 满分：80分 ‎1. ---____________ I know by what time you want the project to be done?‎ ‎ --- By the day after tomorrow. _________you finish it on time?‎ ‎ A. May; Can B. Must; Need C. Could; Must D. Need; Would ‎2. My father is a doctor. He often says, "You _______ be too careful as a doctor.”‎ ‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. aren't D. don't ‎3. ---Mum, must I stay there the whole day?‎ ‎--- No, you _________. You may come back after lunch, if you like.‎ ‎ A. can't B. won't C. needn't D. mustn't ‎4. --- Can the man in a black coat be Jack's father?‎ ‎--- It ________ be him, Jack said his father had gone to he USA a day before.‎ A mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. won't ‎5. There are no people in the hotel. It ________ have the friendliest service.‎ ‎ A. can't B. must C. may D. needn't ‎6. ---I hear you've got a new novel. __________ I have a look?‎ ‎--- Yes, certainly.‎ A. May B. Do C. Shall D. Should ‎7. ---Shall I tell him about the change of the timetable right now?‎ ‎---I am afraid you _________ ,so that he won't come late for the meeting.‎ A. will B. must C. may D. can ‎8. ---_________you pass me the salt?‎ ‎--- Here you are. But you___________ eat too much salt.‎ A. Could; must B. Could; mustn't C. May; mustn't D. May; must ‎9. ---Must I finish writing the report today?‎ ‎ ---No. You ________ if you have something else to do.‎ ‎ A. can't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. don't have to ‎10. ---________ you leave now? You only arrived here an hour ago.‎ ‎ --- Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.‎ ‎ A. May B. Must C. Can D. Might ‎11. ---There's somebody at the door. Who _______ it be? Is it the postman?‎ ‎--- No, it __________ be him. It's just seven o'clock It's too early.‎ ‎ A. may; can't B. will; won't C may; mustn't D. must; may not ‎12. --- Must I finish my work today?‎ ‎--- No, you _________. You may go on with your work tomorrow.‎ A can't B. may not C. needn't D. mustn't ‎13. We __________use mobile phones when the plane takes off.‎ A. may not B. shouldn't C. needn't D. mustn't ‎14. The man is feeling much better now, so you ______ call a doctor.‎ ‎ A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't ‎15. --- Advertisements sometimes help people learn more about new products.‎ ‎ --- But at times ads ____________ tell lies.‎ A. must B. can C. need D. should ‎16. ---Ann, are you hurrying out?‎ ‎---I ____________ go now or I'II be late for the meeting.‎ A. must B. can C. needn't D. don't have to ‎17. If you _________go, at least wait until the storm is over.‎ A. must B. can C. will D. may ‎18. ---I forgot to bring my e-dictionary. Could I use yours?‎ ‎--- Yes, you ___________.‎ ‎ A. can B. must C. could D. should ‎19. ---Where is Jackie? I want to tell him about the result of the drawing competition.‎ ‎---- Oh, you ___________. He has known it already.‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn't ‎20. --- There were already five people in the taxi, but the driver managed to take me as well.‎ ‎--- I see. It _______ be an uncomfortable journey.‎ ‎ A. can't B. shouldn't C. must D. need ‎21. --- Is there a basketball match between the Lakers and the Huston Rockets this evening?‎ ‎ --- There _________ be. I'll phone the gym and find it out.‎ ‎ A. might B. would C. must D. can ‎22. ---Will your mother be at home this Saturday?‎ ‎--- Hard to say. She _______ go to the countryside to see my grandparents.‎ A. must B. may C. can D. would ‎23. --- May I go swimming alone this afternoon, Dad?‎ ‎--- No, you ____________. It is dangerous.‎ A. may not B. mustn't C. needn't D. don't ‎24. --- Can children under the age often ride bicycles in your city?‎ ‎---No, according to the law, they ___________.‎ A. may not B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't ‎25. ---You don't have to take a raincoat. It isn't going to rain.‎ ‎ --- Well, I am not sure. It__________ do.‎ ‎ A. must B. may C. need D. would ‎26. ---I'm sorry to hear that many students in poor areas ______afford their school lunch.‎ ‎ ---- Don't worry! The government is trying to help them.‎ ‎ A. can't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't ‎27. --- Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning.‎ ‎ --- No, he _________ , because he didn't know my address.‎ ‎ A. couldn't B. can't C. mustn't D. may not ‎28. ---Can l wear any clothes I like to school?‎ ‎--- No, you can't. You _______ wear a uniform.‎ A. might B. must C. will D. would ‎29. --- Are you going to Beijing by plane?‎ ‎ --- It's fast, but expensive. So I am not sure. I __________ take a train.‎ A. should B. may C. must D. will ‎30. You _______ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous.‎ A. wouldn't B. shouldn't C. couldn't D. had to ‎31. Although you did well this time, you ______ look down on others.‎ ‎ A. had better B. ought to C. shouldn't D. wouldn't ‎32. ---____________you help me to repair this MP4 player, Jim?‎ ‎ --- OK. Let me have a look. ‎ A. Must B. Shall C. Need D. Could ‎33. In order to support his two sons to go to college, the man _______work day and night.‎ A. must B. could C. had to D. might ‎34. --- Must I go to the teacher's office?‎ ‎ --- No, you____________. ‎ ‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. couldn't D. needn't ‎35. ---Look! A book is on the floor. Whose is it?‎ ‎ --- It ___________ be Rick's. It has his name on it. ‎ ‎ A. mustn't B. can't C. must D. need ‎36. ---I can't stop smoking, doctor.‎ ‎ --- For your health, I'm afraid you________ .‎ A. may B. can C. have to D. need ‎37. Study hard, or you _______ catch up with the classmates.‎ A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't ‎38. --- Is Maria knocking at the door?‎ ‎ --- It ________ be her. She is in Australia now.‎ A. may not B. needn't C. mustn't D. can't ‎39. Tom, you ___________ play with the knife. You _________ hurt yourself.‎ ‎ A. won't; can't B. mustn't; may C. shouldn't; must D. can't; should ‎40. ---Oil is everywhere in this store, so you __________know smoking is forbidden here.‎ ‎---- I'm sorry.‎ A. can B. may C. must D. could 答案：‎ 真题测试 ‎1-5. DAAAB 6-10. CADDC 11-15. BAABC ‎16-20. BCBAA 21-25. CDCCB 26-30. ACCCB ‎31-35. CDAAD 36-40. AADAA 模拟测试 ‎1-5. ABCBA 6-10. ABBDB 11-15. ACDBB ‎16-20. AAACC 21-25. ABCCB 26-30. AABBB ‎31-35. CDCDC 36-40. CADBC