中考英语形容词副词的比较级最高级专项讲解习题答案 6页

中考英语专项讲解+习题+答案：形容词副词的比较级和最高级 一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级：‎ ‎（一）形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化： 1．单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成 情况 构成方式 原级 比较级 最高级 一般情况 加-er或-est new ‎ long newer longer newest longest 以e 结尾的词 加-r或-st fine late finer later finest latest 以“辅音+y” 结尾的词 变y为i再加-er 或-est early happy earlier happier earliest happiest 重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot thin fat hotter thinner fatter hottest thinnest fattest ‎2． 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。如：       原级                   比较级                    最高级      useful                  more useful                most useful      difficult                more difficult             most difficult delicious               more delicious             most delicious ‎【重点】‎ ‎3．有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化：‎ 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least old older（新旧或年龄）/elder（兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）‎ oldest/ eldest far farther（表示距离，译为“更远”）/ further（表示程度，译为“进一步的”）‎ farthest/ furthest ‎ （二） 形容词比较级的用法 1．形容词的比较级可以单独使用：    Be more careful next time.  下次小心点。    Which book is better?  哪本书更好？ ‎ ‎2．也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟： a.  名词或代词： He is older than me / I . 他年龄比我大。 b.  动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。 c.  从句： I was a better singer than he was. 我唱歌比他好。‎ ‎（三） 形容词比较级的修饰语 ‎ 修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal,‎ ‎ far, by far, rather, any等.‎ 1) 只用于修饰比较级的： much;still;even 2) 既可以修饰比较级又可以修饰原级的：a little; a bit; rather 等 。‎ 3) 在这些词中,其中no在修饰比较级时,在意义上否定两者,表示前者在某方面不比后者强多少.‎ ‎  He is no richer than Peter. 他不比彼得富裕多少.=He is as poor as Peter.‎ ‎ 他和彼得一样穷.表示前者比后者强一点时,通常采用a little,a bit等.‎ ‎ The room is a bit larger than that one.这个房间比那个稍大一点.‎ 4) 表示前者比后者强很多时,通常采用much,even,still等.(still修饰形容词,副词的比较级时,可以位于        比较级之前或之后.)‎ ‎ He works still harder than ever. =He works harder still than ever.他比以往更加努力学习了.‎ 5) 表示前者在某方面远远地超过对方时,通常采用far,by far,a lot,a great deal等.‎ ‎ Matters are a lot better than ever before. 情况远远比以往好.‎ 6) 在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.‎ ‎ He can't jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了.‎ ‎ Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗?‎ ‎ Do you feel any better today?  你今天感觉好一点了吗？‎ ‎ If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你.‎ 7) 比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词： My sister is ten years younger than me.  我妹妹比我小十岁。‎ ‎【难点】‎ ‎（四）形容词比较级的特殊用法 1．和more有关的词组 ：‎ ‎1) the more…the more…　越……就越……。例如： 　    The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make. 越努力，进步越大。‎ ‎2) no more than 与…一样。例如： 　    The officials could see no more than the Emperor. ‎ 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。‎ 3） more than　超过，不只是。例如： 　　 There are more than two thousand people in the hall. 2．和less有关的词组 1) less than  不到… 不太： It was ready in less than a week.  2) no less than 多达   不少于    No less than 2 million people came.  至少来了2百万人。 3) more or less 基本上  大体上  大约    The work is more or less finished. 这项工作基本上完成了。        3．还有as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 1) A be as...as B和...一样 ‎ 2) A be not …so/as…as B。A和B不一样，A比不上B 　　　 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。 3) 当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：‎ ‎①as +形容词+ a +单数名词/； ‎ ‎ This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。‎ ‎②as + manymuch +可数名词/不可数名词。 　　 I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。 3) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如： This room is twice as big as that one.‎ ‎ =This room is two time big as that one.‎ ‎ =This room is two times bigger than that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。 　　 Your room is the same size as mine.　你的房间和我的一样大。‎ ‎（五） 形容词最高级用法 1．the + 最高级 + 比较范围 1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，例如： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 [说明] 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。例如： 　　 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。 　　 ◎ 注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 　　　 （错）　Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. 　　　 （对）　Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2） 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如： 　　　This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。 ◎ 注意：序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如： 　　　　 Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。‎ ‎3） 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如： 　　  Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者： 　　  =Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. （六）形容词最高级的特殊用法 1. 形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词the 可以省略。    例句：I think her plan is best. 我认为她的计划最好。    2.形容词最高级还可和at 构成许多短语作状语，如 at best, at least, at most等。       例句：I’ll be with you at latest by ten.  我最迟十点钟就来陪你。‎ ‎【基础练习】‎ ‎( ) 1 Your room is _______ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big ‎ C. three times bigger D. bigger three times ( ) 2 When spring comes, it gets_______. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder ‎ C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter ( )3 ______ he read the book, _______ he got in it. A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested ( )4 I like______ one of the two books. A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older ( ) 5 Which do you like _______, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most ( ) 6 This work is _______ for me than for you. A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult ( ) 7 Who jumped_______of all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far ( ) 8 Li Lei is_______ student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest ( ) 9 Tom is one of _______ boys in our class. A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall ( ) 10 English is one of_______ spoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important ‎ language ( )12 I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box. A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough ‎ ( )13 Which is_______, Li Lei or Wu Tong? A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest ( )14 Do you have _______ to tell us? A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything ( ) 15. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______. 　　A. more and rich   B. more rich and more rich 　　C. richer and richer D. rich and rich 二、副词的比较等级和最高等级：‎ （一） 概念：副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是：单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加-er或-est; 多音节词以及-ly结尾的副词（early除外），前面加more或most.。不规则的变化式只能采用“各个击破”的办法去记忆。‎ ‎1）规则变化 ‎ ‎ 原级 ‎ ‎ 比较级 ‎ 最高级 ‎ soon ‎ loud ‎ fast ‎ wide ‎ early ‎ happily ‎ carefully ‎ sooner ‎ louder ‎ faster ‎ wider ‎ earlier ‎ more happily ‎ more carefully ‎ soonest ‎ loudest ‎ fastest ‎ widest ‎ earliest ‎ most happily ‎ most carefully ‎2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well badly little much far better worse less more farther（距离）‎ further（程度）‎ best worst least most farthest furthest ‎（二）副词的比较级的用法 1、单独使用： Try to do better next time. 下次争取干好一点。 He’ll come back sooner or later.  他迟早会回来的。 Please speak more slowly. 请讲慢一点。 2、和than一起使用： He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好。 Can you do any better than that? 你能不能干的好一些？ He arrived earlier than usual.  他到的比平时早。‎ ‎3、比较级前可有状语修饰： You must work much faster. 你必须大大加快干活的速度。 Can you come over a bit more quickly?  你能稍稍快点来吗？‎ ‎4. as…as和not so…as结构 这两个结构也可结合副词使用： 1） as…as 可用在肯定句中，表示 “像…一样”，后面的副词要用原级：     She can run as fast as a deer.‎ ‎ 她能跑的像鹿一样快。 2）在否定句中，as…as和so…as都可以用：     I don’t go there as much as I used. 我现在到那里不象过去那么多了。     I didn’t do as(so) well as I should.  我做的不如我应做的那么好。 3）这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语：     She can read twice as fast as he does.  她阅读的速度比他快一倍。‎ ‎ （三）副词最高级的用法：副词最高级可修饰动词，前面多数不带定冠词the: He laughs best who laughs last. (谚语) 谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。 Of the four of us, I sang (the) worst. 我们四人中我唱的最差。‎ ‎（四）副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法：副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结构或短语中。 1）more and more 越来越…: It rained more and more heavily.  雨下得越来越大了。 She went farther and farther away.  她越走越远了。 2）the more…the more 越…，越…： The more I work, the more I accomplish. 我干得越多，完成的就越多。‎ ‎3）had better (not) do sth最好(不要)做某事： We’d better not disturb him. 我们最好不要打扰他。 What had we better do? 我们最好怎么办？‎ 三、 英语中考考纲基础知识练习（形容词和副词+及其比较级和最高级）‎ ‎1.I’m shortsighted and I can’t see the words on the notice board ____.‎ A, clear B, clearly C, carefully D, good ‎2.Jean works hard but she doesn’t work ____ Mary.‎ A, as harder than B, as hard than C, as harder as D, as hard as ‎3.This is ____ book in our library.‎ A, the most interesting B, most interesting C, the more interesting D, more interesting ‎4.Do you think maths is ____ important than English?‎ A, very B, as C, more D, quite ‎5.They got a Christmas tree and it was ____ ours.‎ A, so tall as B, so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller as ‎6.Tom failed in the exam. He looked ____.‎ A, happy B, sadly C, upset D, lovely ‎7.A taxi doesn’t run as ____ as an underground train.‎ A, fast B, faster C, fastest D, more fast ‎8.Yangpu Bridge is one of ____ in the world.‎ A, bigger bridge B, the biggest bridge C, the biggest bridges D, bigger bridges ‎9.”I’ve got an A for my history,” Judy said ____.‎ A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy ‎10.I think the song in the film “Titanic” is ____ one of all the movie songs.‎ A, the most beautiful B, most beautiful C, a beautiful D, much more beautiful ‎11.The little baby looks ____.‎ A, lovely B, carefully C, heavily D, sadly ‎12.Her cousin can draw ____ an artist.‎ A, as well as B, not so well as C, as better as D, as good as ‎13.Jinmao Tower is ____ building in Shanghai.‎ A, high B, tall C, highest D, the tallest ‎14.30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it’s ____ than we need.‎ A, far more B, very much C, far less D, very little ‎15.Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second ____ in Shanghai.‎ A, large B, larger C, largest D, very large ‎16.I think Yao Ming, the famous basketball player, will be ____ new star in NBA.‎ A, hot B, hotter C, hottest D, the hottest ‎17.Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us ____ time to go to Pudong International Airport.‎ A, a few B, fewer C, a little D, less ‎18.A: What delicious cakes! B: They would taste ____ with butter.‎ A, good B, better C, bad D, worse ‎19.Among all the teachersin this school, Miss Tao is one of ____.‎ A, young B, younger C, the youngest D, the most young ‎20.Thanks to Mrs Lin! With her help, we finished our work an hour ____.‎ A, late B, later C, early D, earlier ‎21.The light music sounded very ____. I enjoyed every minute of it.‎ A, well B, beautiful C, wonderfully D, boring ‎22.A: In our English study reading is more important than speaking, I think.‎ B: I don’t agree. Speaking is ____ reading.‎ A, as important B, so important as C, the most important D, the same as ‎23.A: Mum, the Chinese medicine tastes so ____. I don’t want to take it.‎ B: But, dear, it is good for you.‎ A, good B, terribly C, terrible D, well ‎24.Where is today’s newspaper? Is there ____ in today’s newspaper?‎ A, important something B, something important C, important anything D, anything important ‎25.Simon looks ____ today and smiles ____ all the time.‎ A, happy, happy B, happily, happily C, happy, happily D, happily, happy ‎26.It’s ____ to send an e-mail than a regular mail.‎ A, much more quickly B, quick C, more quickly D, much quicker ‎27.The price of these dictionaries is ____ than before.‎ A, much cheaper B, more expensive C, much higher D, more higher ‎28.Bob has ____ to tell you.‎ A, something important B, anything important ‎ C, important something D, important nothing ‎29.She is looking ____ at her lovely son. A, happy B, happily C, happiness D, happier ‎30.The old soldier lived all by himself. Even though he was ____, he was not ____ at all.‎ A, alone, lonely B, alone, alone C, lonely, alone D, lonely, lonely