中考英语词组搭配大全 14页

中考英语词组搭配大全 attention搭配大全 ‎1. bring sth to one’s attention 使某人注意某事。如：‎ I brought this to his attention. 我使他注意到了这一点。‎ He’s brought this fact to the attention of the public. 他已使公众注意到这一事实。‎ ‎2. call one’s attention to sth 提醒某人注意。如：‎ He called my attention to some new evidence. 他提醒我注意一些新的证据。‎ He called our attention to what he said. 他提醒我们注意他说的话。‎ ‎3. draw [catch, attract] one’s attention 引起某人的注意。如：‎ What he said drew our attention. 他说的话引起了我们的注意。‎ He knocked on the window to catch my attention. 他敲窗户以引起我的注意。‎ I kept trying to attract the waiter’s attention. 我不断地示意招呼服务员。‎ 比较(from )：‎ He drew attention to the rising unemployment. 失业率日益升高引起了他的注意。‎ ‎4. fix one’s attention on sth 集中注意力于某事物。如：‎ He fixed his attention on writing. 他专心写作。‎ ‎5. pay attention to 注意。如：‎ Pay attention to these details. 注意这些细节。‎ He asked the students to pay more attention to their study. 他叫学生们更加注意学习。‎ 注：该用法中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，所以其后接动词时要用动名词。如：‎ Pay more attention to uniting and working with those who differ with you. 更注意团结那些与自己意见不同的人一道工作。‎ attend to的用法 ‎(1) 注意听。如：‎ Attend now to what I tell you. 现在注意听我给你讲。‎ If you don’t attend to your teacher, you’ll never learn anything. 你要是不注意听老师讲，你就会什么也学不到。‎ ‎(2) 处理；办理。如：‎ I’ll attend to the matter. 这事我来处理。‎ I may be late --- I have one or two things to attend to. 我可能会迟到，我还有一两件事要处理。‎ ‎(3) 照顾；照看。如：‎ If you go out, who will attend to the baby? 你要是出去，谁来照顾婴儿? ‎ Will you attend to the shop for a few minutes while I go to the bank? 在我去银行时你帮我照看一下店铺好吗? ‎ ‎(4) 接待；招待。如：‎ Are you being attended to, sir? 先生， 有人招呼你了吗? ‎ I’m too busy. I can’t attend to you now. 我很忙，现在不能接待你。‎ ‎(5) 专心；关心。如(from )：‎ You must attend to your work. 你必须专心工作。‎ Parents must attend to the education of their children. 父母必须要关心子女的教育。‎ ‎(6) 治疗；医治。如：‎ His injury was attended to by a young doctor. 他的伤由一位年轻医生医治。‎ ‎ ‎ ask短语用法归纳 ‎1. ask about sth (sb) 询问有关某人或某事的情况。如：‎ She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况。‎ Can I ask about the exam results? 我可以问问考试结果吗? ‎ ‎2. ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。如：‎ They all ask after you. 他们都问候你(的健康)。 ‎ ‎3. ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。如 He asked for some water. 他要些水。‎ A Mr Smith is asking for the manager. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人要找经理。‎ ‎4. ask sb for sth向某人要某物或请某人给某物。如：‎ They asked me for help. 他们向我求助。‎ He asked her for her address. 他向她要她的地址。‎ ‎5. ask to do sth要求或请求做某事。如：‎ He asked to see the manager. 他求见经理。‎ He asked to see whoever was in charge. 他要求见负责人。‎ He asked to go alone. 他要求一个人去。‎ ‎6. ask sb to do sth 请或叫某人做某事。如(from )：‎ Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow. 叫约翰明天把这几封们寄了。‎ He asked us to wait for him at the gate. 他叫我们在门口等他。‎ 形容词ashamed的两个搭配 ‎1. be ashamed of (doing) sth 对(做)某事感到羞愧或惭愧。如：‎ You really ought to be ashamed of that. 你实在应该对此感到惭愧。‎ He was ashamed of asking [having asked]such a simple question. 他由于问了这样简单的问题而感到难为情。‎ He is ashamed of his failure [having failed]. 他对自己的失败感到羞惭。‎ 比较以下同义句型：‎ I am ashamed of that. / I am ashamed of myself for that. 我对此感到羞愧。‎ He is ashamed of being poor. / He is ashamed of himself for being poor. 他因为穷而感到羞惭。‎ ‎2. be ashamed to do sth ‎ ‎(1) 因感到难为情或感到差耻而不愿某事。如：‎ I am ashamed to say so. 这样说我不好意思。‎ He was too ashamed to ask for help. 他不好意思请求帮助。‎ ‎(2) 对做某事而感到羞愧或惭愧。如：‎ You should be ashamed to tell such lies. 撒这样的谎你应该感到羞愧。‎ He was ashamed to have made some careless mistakes. 他因出了些很粗心的差错而感到惭愧。‎ 注：该用法有时可换成 that 从句。如上面最后一句也可说成：‎ He was ashamed that he had made some careless mistakes. ‎ 再比较(from )：‎ 他因说谎而感到羞惭。‎ 正：He was ashamed of having lied. ‎ 正：He was ashamed to have lied. ‎ 正：He was ashamed that he had lied. ‎ would与used to的区别 ‎ 1. 两者都可表示过去反复发生的动作。如：‎ In those days he would help her with her gardening. 那时他常来帮助她种植花木。‎ I used to write poetry when I was your age. 我像你那么大时常常写诗。‎ I don’t swim as often as I used to. 我游泳的时候不像过去那样多了 Children are not so well-behaved nowadays as they used to be. 孩子们现在没有过去那样听话了。‎ 有时两者可互换。如：‎ When we were children we would (used to) to skating every winter. 我们小时候，每年冬天都支溜冰。‎ ‎2. 但在下列情况中一般只用used to, 而不用would：‎ ‎(1) 用来表示过去与现在的对比，即“以前这样，但现在不这样了”。如：‎ I used to go on Saturdays, but now I no longer do so. 过去我星期六经常去但现在我不去了。‎ ‎(2) 表示过去持续的状态。如：‎ He used to like you. 我原来喜欢你。‎ There used to be a tree here. 原来这里有棵树。‎ wrong的用法 ‎1. 用作形容词，以下两点用法须注意：‎ ‎(1) 表示“某人做某事是不对的”，以下三种说法均可。如：‎ It’s wrong of you to do it. / You are wrong to do it. / You arewrong in doing it. 你这样做是不对的。‎ ‎(2) 与something, anything, nothing 等连用，表示“出事”、“出错”、 “有毛病”。此时就注意：‎ ‎1)句子可直接用something, nothing 等放在句首作主语，也可用there is 来开始句子。‎ ‎2)若要具体表明某人 / 物出事了，可在wrong 之后用介词with 。‎ ‎3)该句型中的wrong = the matter。如：‎ Something is wrong. = There’s something wrong. 出事了。‎ Nothing is wrong (= the matter) with her. 她没什么事儿。‎ ‎2. 用作副词，意为“错误地”，与wrongly 同义，但用法上有些差异：‎ ‎(1) 放在动词之后，用wrong 或 wrongly 均可。如：‎ You answered wrong (或wrongly). 你答错了。‎ ‎(2) 在动词或过去分词之前，一般用wrongly。如：‎ The words are wrongly spelled. 这些词拼错了。‎ I wrongly believed that he wanted to go. 我误认为他要去。‎ be afraid to do与be afraid of doing ‎1. be afraid to do 指的是按照经验或常识不敢去做某事，或没有勇气去做某事。如：‎ I’m afraid to jump into the river. 我不敢跳进河中。‎ He was afraid to go out at night. 他晚上不敢出去。‎ 注：在现代英语中，有时也可用 be afraid of doing　结构来表示上述意思。如：‎ I’m afraid to tell (或of telling) her. 我不敢告诉她。‎ Don’t be afraid to ask (或of asking) for help. 不要怕请求帮助。‎ ‎2. be afraid of doing 主要用来谈论一件自己(指句子主语)不希望也不能决定而可能突然发生在自己头上的事，这种事往往带有一种疑惧性，即可能发生也可能不发生，只是自己有这样一种得心(即担心发生)。此进不能用 be afraid to do 结构。如：‎ She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。‎ I was afraid of hurting his feelings. 我怕伤了他的感情。‎ 请再体会下列句子(from )：‎ I’m afraid to speak English before so many people because I’m afraid of making mistakes. 我不敢在那么多人面前说英语，因为我怕出错。‎ They are afraid to swim because they are afraid of drowning. 他们不敢澳洲，因为他们担心会被淹死。‎ ‎ ‎ beat, hit, strike的区别 ‎1. beat 指反复地打，尤指用木棍或其它较硬的东西打。如：‎ He beat the boy with a stick. 他用棍子打那孩子。‎ 注意以下用法：‎ ‎(1) beat 还可表示“(心脏)跳动”(注意联想心脏跳动的连续性与beat 表示“打”的反复性)。‎ ‎(2) “打鼓”、“打拍子”等均强调动作的连续和反复，因此可分译为：beat a drum, beat time. ‎ ‎2. hit 指有目标地重重一击，侧重击中的意思。如：‎ He hit me in the face, 　他打了我一耳光。‎ ‎3. strike 指急速地或突然地用力打击或敲击。如：‎ The car ran out of control and struck a tree. 汽车失去控制，撞在树上 arrive, get与reach ‎1. 三者均可表示“到达”。注意：arrive 和get 都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可接宾语，但可接here, there home 之类的表地点的副词作状语。如：‎ When did you arrive?　你什么时候到的？‎ We got (arrived) here last night. 我们昨晚到这儿。‎ ‎2. reach (到达)是及物动词(属较正式用语)，其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)，也可接here there home 等词。如：reach Beijing (到达北京)；reach home (到家)。‎ ‎3. 表示“到达某地”，可在地点名词之前reach, get to或 arrive in / at (in 一般用于较大的地方，at 用于较小的地方)。如(from )：‎ They reached (或got to / arrived at)the station on time. 他们准时到达车站。‎ ‎2. 而which 的选择范围相对比较小或明确，所以其后一般不接else，但却常与表特定范围的of短语连用：‎ Which of the three girls is the oldest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?‎ Which of the boys is the strongest? 这些男孩当中，哪一个力气最大?‎ 你还要点别的什么吗?‎ 正：What else would you like? ‎ 误：Which else would you like? ‎ 四、口语中的用法区别 比较以下三组对话，注意体会它们的区别：‎ A：Who is he? 他是谁？‎ B：He is Mary’s husband. 他是玛丽的丈夫。‎ 注：Who is he? 的意思是要了解他的一些情况。‎ A：What is he? 他是干什么的？‎ B：He is an English teacher. 他是英语教师。‎ 注：What is he? 的意思是询问他的职业。‎ A：Which is he? 哪位是他？‎ B：The one by the window. 窗户边的那位。‎ 注：Which is he? 的意思是要在几个人中辨别要找的人。‎ almost与nearly用法区别详解 一、相同之处 两者均可表示“几乎”“差不多”，均可修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等，此时两者常可换用。如：‎ It’s almost [nearly] impossible. 那几乎是不可能的。(修饰形容词)‎ He almost [nearly] always arrives late. 他差不多总是迟到。(修饰副词)‎ He fell and almost [nearly] broke his leg. 他摔了一跤，险些摔断了腿。(修饰动词)‎ Almost [Nearly] all the students passed the exam. 差不多所有的学生都通过了考试。(修饰不定代词)‎ 注意：修饰动词时，通常应放在行为动词之前，特殊动词之后(见上例)；修饰形容词、副词、名词等时，通常应将其放在被修饰词语之前，否则会造成错误。如：‎ ‎◎他工作了几乎一整天。‎ 正：He worked almost all day.‎ 误：He almost worked all day.‎ ‎◎我们当中几乎每一个人都读过这本书。‎ 正：Almost every one of us read the book.‎ 误：Every one of us almost read the book.‎ 二、不同之处 ‎1. almost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly 一般不这样用。如：‎ Almost any man can do it. 几乎任何人都会做。‎ Almost no one came to the party. 几乎没有人来参加晚会。‎ I almost never see her. 我几乎从未见过她。‎ 但是，两者都可用在否定动词之前。如：‎ He almost [nearly] didn’t catch the bus. 他差点没赶上公共汽车。‎ ‎2. nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等词修饰，但 almost 之前不能用这些词。如： ‎ It’s not nearly so difficult as you think. 这远不像你想象的那么难。‎ The car is pretty nearly new. 这汽车几乎是全新的。‎ 注：not nearly 意为“远非”，very [pretty] nearly 意为“几乎”，都是习语。‎ ‎3. 有时 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同)，此时不用 nearly。如：‎ I almost wish I’d stayed at home. 我真有点后悔没在家里呆着。‎ Our cat understands everything — he’s almost human. 我们这只猫什么都懂——快通人性了。‎ ‎ ‎ at,in与on的用法区别 ‎(1) 表示时间，注意以下用法：① 表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等用 at：‎ I get up at six in the morning. 我早上六点钟起床。‎ He got married at the age of 25. 他 25 岁结婚。‎ ‎② 泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间，一般用 in：‎ We watch TV in the evening. 我们晚上看电视。‎ He went to Japan in 1946. 他于 1946 去了日本。‎ ‎③ 若表示星期几或某一特定的日期，则用 on： ‎ He left here on the fifth of May. 他于 5 月 5 日离开这儿。‎ ‎(2) 表示地点、场所、位置等，注意以下用法：‎ ‎① 表示某一点位置，用 at：‎ We live at No. 87 Beijing Road. 我们住在北京路 87 号。‎ The hospital is at the end of the street. 医院在这条街的尽头。‎ 与名词所有格连用表示地点，也用 at。如：‎ at my sister’s 在我姐姐家 at the doctor’s 在医务室 ‎② 表示空间或范围，用 in：‎ What’s in the box? 这盒子里有什么?‎ He lives in Paris with his wife. 他同他妻子住在巴黎。‎ 但有时两者可换用：‎ The meeting was held at [in] the hotel. 会议在宾馆举行。‎ ‎③ at 与 in 的另一个区别是：at 多用于指较小的地方，而 in 多用于指较大的地方：‎ in Shanghai 在上海 at the station 在车站 ‎④ 介词 on 用于地点，主要指在某物的表面：‎ What’s on the table? 桌上有什么?‎ There’s a wallet lying on the ground. 地上有个钱包。‎ 在少数搭配中，也用介词 on：‎ He works on a farm. 他在农场工作。‎ ‎(3) 在某些搭配中，三者的区别与英国英语和美国英语有关：‎ in the street (英) / on the street (美) 在街上 in the road (英) / on the road (美) 在路上 in the team (英) / on the team (美) 在这个队 at the weekend (英) / on the weekend (美) 在周末 at weekends (英) / on weekends (美) 在周末 ‎(4) 有时三者的差别与搭配习惯和用法有关：‎ in bed / on the bed 在床上(from )‎ in the tree (多指树外之物) / on the tree (多指树本身之物) 在树上 across的用法与易错说明 ‎1. 用作介词或副词，注意以下用法：‎ ‎(1) 表示动态意义，意为“横过”、“到……的另一边”。如：‎ I can swim across the river in 10 minutes. 我可以在十分钟之内游过河去。(介词用法)‎ Can ou swim across? 你能游过去吗? (副词用法)‎ ‎ (2) 表示静态意义，意为“在……的另一边”。如：‎ My house is just across the street. 我家就在街道对面。(介词用法)‎ We leave Dover at ten and we should be across in France by midnight. 我们十点钟离开多佛，午夜时应能抵达法国那边。(副词用法)‎ 有可与介词 from 连用，表示“从……的另一边”。如：‎ He shouted to me from across the room. 他从房间的另一边向我喊。‎ ‎(3) 表示“交叉”(介词用法) 或“从一边到另一边的宽度”(副词用法)。如：‎ He sat there with his arms across his chest. 他坐在那儿，两臂交叉放在胸前。(介词用法)‎ The river is half a mile across. 这条河半英里宽。(副词用法)‎ ‎2. 不要将 across 误用作动词。如(from )：‎ 不能说：The river is too deep and we can’t across. ‎ 可改为：The river is too deep and we can’t cross. 河水太深，我们过不了。‎ ‎3. 用于 come [run] across, 意为“偶然遇见”、“意外发现”(不用于被动式)。如：‎ Where did you come [run] across her? 你在那儿碰到她的?‎ I’ve just come across a beautiful poem in this book. 我在这本书里偶然发现一首优美的诗。‎ ‎ ‎ 介词above用法详解 ‎1. 表示“在……上方”、“高于”(与 below 相对)。如：‎ The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳已升到地平线以上。‎ The plane flew above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞行。‎ 参见 above 与 over 的有关用法及区别。‎ ‎2. 表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等方面“超过”、“在……之上”、“比……强”。如：‎ He is above the others in ability. 他的能力优于其他人。‎ He is above me in every way. 他各个方面都比我强。‎ As a scholar, he is far above me. 作为一个学者，他远远超过了我。‎ ‎3. 表示在程度或限度等方面“超过”、“超越”等，这类短语通常用作表语。如：‎ The book is above me (my understanding). 这本书我读不懂。‎ The lecture was above the heads of most of the audience. 大部分听众听不懂这个演讲。‎ His heroism was above (beyond) all praise. 他的英勇行为 非言辞所能赞扬。‎ 注：以上用法中的 above 有时可用 beyond 代之，尤其是其后接的是人称代词或人名时。如：‎ The problem is above (beyond) me. 这个问题我不懂(from )。‎ ‎4. 表示因优秀或出色等而“不致于”、“不屑于”、“不会”等，主要指道德方面，在句中主要用作表语：‎ She is above telling a lie. 她不至于说谎。‎ He is above doing such things. 他不至于做出那样的事来。‎ He is above meanness and deceit. 他不至于做出卑劣和欺骗的事情来。‎ If you want to learn, you must not be above asking questions. 你如果要学习，就要不耻下问。‎ behind用法与搭配 ‎1. be behind with [in] 拖欠，拖延，不能如期完成。如：‎ He is never behind with [in] his work. 他工作从不拖拉。‎ He was behind in [with] his rent. 他拖欠了房租。‎ He helped a classmate who was behind with his homework. 他帮助一位没有按时完成作业的同班同学。‎ ‎2. be behind in doing sth 做某事不落在后面。如：‎ The boy is behind in handing in homework. 这孩子没能按时交家庭作业。‎ He was never behind in offering suggestions. 他提建议从来不落在别人后面。‎ ‎3. from behind 从后面。如：‎ He held her from behind. 他从后面抱住她。‎ They attacked us from behind. 他们从后面攻击我们。‎ 注：有时 behind 是介词，其后可接宾语。如：‎ He came out from behind the door. 他从门后出来。‎ ‎4. fall [drop] behind 落在后面。如(from )：‎ I’ve fallen behind in work. 我工作落后了。‎ Some students dropped behind in their studies. 有的学生在学习上落在后面。‎ ‎5. leave sth behind (某人)走后留下(掉下)某物。如：‎ What have we left behind? 我们走后留下什么了? ‎ He left his umbrella behind. 他离开时没有把雨伞带走。‎ ‎6. stay [remain] behind 留下，在别人后面留下。如：‎ He alone remained behind. 只有他一个人留下没走。‎ I had to stay behind after school. 放学后我还得留在学校。‎ beginning习语归纳 ‎1. at [in] the beginning 起初，在开始时。如：‎ He disliked it at [in] the beginning. 他开始时不喜欢它。‎ In [At] the beginning I lived next to her. 开始我住在她隔壁。‎ ‎2. at the beginning of 在……之初，在……开始时。如：‎ She left here at the beginning of this month. 她是本月初离开这儿的。‎ You’ll find this sentence at the beginning of this chapter. 你会在这一章的开头找到这个句子。‎ 注：有时也用介词 in, 但不如用介词 at 普通。如：‎ It happened at [in] the beginning of this century. 此事发生在本世纪之初。‎ ‎3. from the beginning 从开始，从一开始。如：‎ Recite the poem from the beginning. 从头开始背诵这首诗。‎ I was opposed to the plan from the beginning. 我从一开始就反对这个计划。‎ ‎4. from beginning to end 从头至尾。如：‎ He knows the subject from beginning to end. 这个专题他了如指掌。‎ The whole story is a lie from beginning to end. 整篇报道是彻头彻尾的谎言。‎ before long与long before ‎1. before long 不久，很快。如：‎ I’ll be back before long. 不久我就回来。‎ Before long he got married. 不久他就结婚了。‎ ‎2. long before ‎(1) 老早，早就(单独使用，表示比过去某时早得多的时间)。如：‎ She had left long before. 她老早就离开了。‎ That had happened long before. 那事老早就发生了。‎ 注：long ago 表示“很久以前”，指的是从现在算起的很久以前，通常与一般过去时连用：‎ I met him long ago. 我很久以前就认识他了。‎ ‎(2) 在……的很久以前，在还没有……的很久以前。如：‎ She had left long before his return [he returned]. 在他回来的很久以前她就走了。‎ He had worked in the factory long before he got married. 在他还没有结婚的很久以前他就在这家工厂工作了。‎ 注：此时的主句谓语通常用过去完成时，但有时也可用一般过去时(因为 before 已体现了动作的先后关系)。如：‎ This happened long before you were born. 这事在你还没出生以前很久就发生了 bed短语归纳 ‎1. go to bed 上床睡觉。如：‎ He goes to bed at nine. 他九点上床睡觉。‎ He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back. 直到他妻子回来他才睡觉。‎ 比较 go to bed(上床睡觉)与 go to the bed(到床边去)。如：‎ He went to bed at 10 last night. 他昨晚10点钟上床睡觉。‎ He went to the bed and found a letter on it. 他走到床边，发现上面放着一封信。‎ ‎2. in bed 在床上(睡觉)。如：‎ He is still in bed. 他还在睡觉。‎ He’s sick in bed with a cold. 他因感冒而卧床。‎ 注：该结构中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。‎ ‎3. make the bed 铺床。如：‎ Make the bed whenever you are up. 起床就要铺床。‎ 注：make one’s (own) bed, 意为“自食其果”。如：‎ As you make your own bed, so you must lie on it. 你是自作自受。‎ ‎4. on a (the) bed 在床上。如(from )：‎ There is a red box on the bed. 床上有个红色的盒子。‎ 注：该结构通常应有冠词或其他限定词，有时它与 in bed 大致同义，只是搭配不同而已。如：‎ 躺在床上看书是个坏习惯。‎ 正：It is a bad habit to read in bed. ‎ 正：It is a bad habit to read on a [the] bed. ‎ ‎4. put sb to bed 安顿某人上床睡觉。如：‎ I’ll just put the children to bed. 我就安顿孩子们去睡觉。‎