优秀中考专题复习——形容词和副词 6页

中考专题复习——形容词和副词 考点布置：单项选择、完形填空、词语运用 考点内容：形容词、副词的词义辨析，形容词的比较级以及一些固定搭配等 ‎【一览无余】 ‎ 一、 形容词、副词的位置 ‎ 形容词是用来修饰说明名词的，一般放在名词前作定语或系动词之后作表语 1. 一个细心的女孩 ‎ ‎2.The girl is (careful,carefully) ‎ 当形容词修饰由any,some,no构成的复合代词时，一般只能后置 ‎3.一些重要的事 4.我的收音机有点问题 ‎ 副词(ⅰ)是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子的，一般放在动词后或句首作状语。如：‎ ‎5.He is reading (认真得)。6. （luck）,no one was hurt.‎ ‎(ⅱ)enough修饰形容词、副词时要后置。如：‎ ‎7.你够上学的年龄了 ‎ ‎（ⅲ）表示时间、频率的副词always，often，usually，never等常放在be动词、情态动词或助动词的后面，行为动词的前面。如：‎ ‎8.他总是帮助别人 He is always helping others.9.他总是来得很早 ‎ ‎【牛刀小试】‎ ‎1. The girl's voice sounds________. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. ‎ A. sweet B. sweetly C. beautifully ‎2. My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining____________.‎ ‎ A. badly B. hardly C. probably D. heavily ‎3. That lady is a vegetarian(素食主义者). She _______ eats meat. ‎ A. often B. sometimes C. seldom D. usually ‎【一览无余】‎ 二、 形容词、副词级的构成 ‎1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。‎ 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。‎ ‎2、规则变化:‎ ‎(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。‎ a)直接加er,est ：small-smaller-smallest,cold-colder-coldest; ‎ b)以不发音的字母e结尾的词加r,st : large-larger-largest,late-later-latest;‎ ‎ c)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：wet—wetter-wettest,thin-thinner-thinnest;‎ d)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est : busy-busier-busiest,happy-happier-happiest.‎ ‎(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.(以ly结尾的副词，除early外，比较级、最高级均用more、most)‎ butiful-more beautiful-most beautiful difficult- more difficult-most difficult early-earlier-earliest ‎3、不规则变化:‎ 原级 比较级 最高级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的,‎ bad, badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数)‎ more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 far远的；远地 farther更远的；更远地 farthest最远的；最远地 further进一步的(地)‎ furthest最深刻的(地)‎ 三、 比较级、最高级用法 副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法和形容词的原级、比较级、最高级用法法基本相同。以下主要以形容词的用法为例进行讲解。‎ 比较级用法讲解 ‎1. 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，最明显的提示词是than，其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。‎ ‎ Lei’s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。‎ This mooncake is nicer than that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。‎ 注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one，that，those等词来替代前面出现过的名词。其中the one替代可数名词单数形式，the ones或those替代可数名词复数形式，that替代不可数名词。‎ ‎ weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.‎ 北京的天气比广州的天气冷。‎ ‎2. 表示“两者之间最……一个(of the two)”时，常用“the+比较级”结构。‎ ‎ is the taller of the twins. ‎ Mary是双胞胎中的高个子。‎ ‎3. 表示“越来越……”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。‎ ‎ getting warmer and warmer in spring.‎ 春天天气变得越来越暖和。‎ Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.‎ 我们的家乡越来越漂亮了。‎ ‎4. 表示“越……就越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。‎ ‎ more we get together, the happier we’ll be.‎ 我们越是在一起，就越开心。‎ ‎【牛刀小试】‎ ‎1.She played the piano ________ than we had thought.‎ A．successful　　B．successfully C．more successful　　D．more successfully ‎2. —What does your cousin look like now?‎ ‎—Oh, he is much ________ than before.‎ A．strong　　　　B．stronger C．strongest　　D．too strong ‎3. The busier he is, the ________ he feels.‎ A．happily　　　B．happy C．happier　　　　D．more happy ‎4. Amy makes fewer mistakes than Frank. She does her homework ________.‎ A．more carefully　　　B．more carelessly C．more careful　　　　D．more careless ‎【一览无余】‎ 最高级用法讲解 ‎1．表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。‎ ‎ is the strongest of the three boys.‎ 在三个男孩子中，他是最强壮的。‎ Shanghai‎ is the biggest city in China.‎ 上海是中国最大的城市。‎ ‎2. ．表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one of the+形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。‎ ‎ Jielun is one of the most popular singers.‎ 周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一。‎ ‎3. 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。‎ ‎ Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. ‎ 长江是中国第一大长河。‎ ‎4. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。‎ ‎ Lei is the tallest student in his class.‎ 李雷是班上最高的学生。‎ ‎=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.‎ 李雷比班上其他任何一个学生都高。‎ ‎=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.‎ 李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。‎ ‎=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.‎ 李雷比班上其他任何人都高。‎ 牢记下列结构：‎ 比较级+than+any other+单数名词 all the other+复数名词 anyone/anybody else any of the other+复数名词 the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词 ‎【牛刀小试】‎ ‎1、—What do you think of the football match?‎ ‎—Wonderful. They have played ________.‎ A．best　　　B．better C．worse　　D．worst ‎2、—Who’s ________ basketball player in China now? It is Yao Ming?‎ ‎—No. It’s Sun Mingming.‎ A．tall　　　　　B．taller C．the tallest　　　 D．the taller ‎3、Beijing, the capital of China, is one of ________ cities in the world.‎ A．the biggest　　　　B．bigger C．much bigger　　　D．big ‎【牛气冲天】‎ ‎1．—He is slow in studying. I wonder how he could get good results in the exam.‎ ‎—No wonder he is always ________.‎ A．lively　　　　　B．hard-working C．kind-hearted　　　D．helpful ‎2．It has a strange smell in your room. You’d better keep the window ________.‎ A．open　　 　B．opens C．closes　　　D．closed ‎3.Will you please speak ________? I’m afraid I can’t follow you.‎ A．loudly　　　B．pleasantly C．slowly　　　D．easily ‎4. Do you believe some special dogs can do things ________ man?‎ A．as good as　　　B．as well as C．as soon as　　　D．as careful as ‎5. ．I don’t like this kind of TV shows because they’re ________?‎ A．boring　　　　　B．wonderful C．interesting　　　D．beautiful ‎6. In winter the day is ________ than it is in summer.‎ A．short　　　　 B．shorter C．shortest　　　D．the shortest ‎7. Mary felt ill on Monday, and ________ the following day, so she went to see a doctor.‎ A．badly　　 B．worse C．worst　　　　D．more ill ‎8. The fish smells ________. You mustn’t eat it.‎ A．nice　　　　B．heavy C．quick　　 D．terrible ‎9. The fish smells ________. You mustn’t eat it.‎ A．nice　　　　B．heavy C．quick　　 D．terrible ‎10. Don’t worry. Your grandma will get ________.‎ A．well and well　　　B．better and better C．well and better　　　　D．good and well ‎【一览众山小】‎ ‎【2011呼和浩特】12. —Wha t do you think of Tom’s speaking?‎ ‎ —No one does in our class.‎ ‎ A. good B. better C. well D. best ‎【2011四川达州】26. —Up to now the Chinese Communist Party（中国共产党）has nearly history.‎  —Yes, it was founded July 23rd, 1921.‎  A. 90 years; at B. 90-year; in C. 90-years; of D. 90-year; on ‎11. The bag of rice is heavy for Tom to carry. Let’s go and help him.‎ A. too B. so C. very ‎【2011雅安】6. The woman is very busy so she ________ watches TV.‎ ‎ A. often B. always C. seldom D. almost 答案：C ‎【【2011广东深圳】9. — The doctor told me____ too much but I find it difficult.‎ ‎— The doctor is right. The less you drink, ______ you will be.‎ A. don't drink; the healthier B. not to drink; the healthier C. not to drink; the more healthier D. don't drink; healthier 答案：B ‎ ‎【2011广西南宁市】29. Oxford University is ________ with tourists for its beautiful old buildings.‎ ‎ A. different B. famous C. special D. popular ‎29. 答案：D ‎【2011广西南宁市】33. Mrs Smith has a cute baby. It often smiles at people ________.‎ ‎ A. friendly B. lovely C. happily D. lively ‎【2011雅安】11. —Which month has ______ days in a year?‎ ‎ —February.‎ ‎ A. few B. little C. the least D. the fewest ‎【2011雅安】12. His grandparents live ____ in a small house, but they don’t feel _______.‎ ‎ A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone ‎【2011凉山】( )25. —What a careful boy you are!‎ ‎ —Thank you. In fact, Tom does everything ___ than me.‎ ‎ A. more carefully B. more careful C. much careful ‎【2011凉山】( ) 22. Mom bought ____ oranges for me, but I’d like to drink some ________.‎ ‎ A. many; oranges B. much; orange C. many; orange ‎【2011广西崇左】36 —Dad ,how can I get on well with my xlassmates?‎ ‎—Try to be friendly to them .That will make it much____.‎ A.easily B.more easily C.easy D.easier ‎【2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔】( )27. Li Kai jumped in the long jump. He won the game.‎ A. longest B. farthest C. highest ‎【2011泰州】5. —Who is suitable for the new chairperson of the Students’ Union?‎ ‎ —David is. He is ______ enough to come up with new ideas.‎ ‎ A. imaginative B. humorous C. modest D. outgoing ‎【2011重庆江津】( ) 25.I think these cards are than those cards.‎ A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest ‎【2011山东菏泽】23. —Which city is your favorite? ‎ ‎—Hangzhou, of course. It’s the _____place that I want to visit. ‎ A. worse B. worst C. better D .best ‎ 答案 D ‎ ‎【2011四川乐山】26. —Do you often go fishing with your father?‎ ‎ —No, _______. I don’t like fishing at all.‎ A. never B. always C. usually ‎【2011四川乐山】28. —Susan, you know what? We can have a dog!‎ ‎ —Great! But I prefer to have a cat. It is much _______ to look after.‎ ‎ A. easy B. easier C. easiest ‎ ‎【2011浙江台州】19. —It’s going to rain. Let me fetch an umbrella for you.‎ ‎—Thank you！You are so .‎ ‎ A. lucky B. kind C. relaxed D. interesting ‎【2011山东泰安】29. —Which do you like , summer or winter?‎ ‎—I prefer summer.‎ A. good B. well C. better D. best ‎ ‎【2011浙江杭州】18. –Are you satisfied with the result of the exam? –Not at all. I can’t have ______.‎ ‎ A. a worse one B. a better one C. the worse one D. the best one ‎【2011浙江金华】21.   — It's so cold today.‎ ‎　　 — Yes, it's         colder than it was yesterday.‎ ‎　A.  some            B. more         C. very          D.  much ‎【2011重庆】31. The more you smile, the _______ you will feel.‎ A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily 答案B ‎【2011浙江丽水】24．In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money_________ during the Spring Festival. ‎ A. finally B. luckily C. simply D. especially ‎ ‎【2011浙江丽水】28．Everybody should remember it is not _________ to swim in the river alone．‎ A．healthy B. safe C．possible D．comfortable ‎【2011山东临沂】28. Stay away from junk food, please. It’s bad for us，_________ for children! ‎ ‎ A. recently B. especially C. probably D. nearly ‎ ‎【2011广西贵港】40. —Whose home is ______ away from school in our class?‎ ‎ —Liu Mei’s.‎ ‎ A. father B. far C. the farthest D. near