2020版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The United Kingdom达标巩固练（含解析）新人教版必修5 8页

Unit 2 The ‎United Kingdom 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl，yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards.When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds，“How do you hear？Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.We need to listen to what is said and unsaid，and also how it is said.‎ It's important to hear what people say accurately.As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug(萤火虫)．”If you miss something or you're not sure you've heard accurately，ask the speakers.At this point you're not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don't say.Why are they saying this now，instead of sooner or later? Why are they emphasizing these points，instead of something else?‎ Listen to how it is said.People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say.While going through the next points，think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss.and see if any of these signals might come up.First，voices.When others speak，notice changes in their volume, pace，and tone.Second，body language.Notice gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions.Do these sync what they are saying，or do they tell a different story？Third，emotions.What is the person true feeling？Now you might not know for sure，but be considerate，open to understanding，and ask thoughtful questions.‎ ‎1．What's the writer's purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?‎ A．To give an example of wise words.‎ B．To introduce a worldfamous musician.‎ C．To help explain the meaning of listening.‎ D．To encourage us to fight against disability.‎ ‎2．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?‎ A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.‎ B．People should know words can be used in many different ways.‎ C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.‎ 8‎ D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean?‎ A．Match. B．Prove.‎ C．Describe. D．Analyze.‎ ‎4．Which is the best title of this passage?‎ A．Speak While You Listen B．Listen Beyond Words C．Read Between Lines D．Think as You Talk ‎【解题导语】本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。‎ ‎1．C　考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“For Glennie, and for us too, listening is not only hearing，but is understanding”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。‎ ‎2．D　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It's important to hear what people say accurately”和“At this point you're not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。‎ ‎3．A　考查词义猜测。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures, eye contact，and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying, or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。‎ ‎4．B　考查标题判断。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B。‎ 二、语法填空。‎ In Britain someone who helps children cross the street __1__ (call)“lollipop person”， because their sign looks like a lollipop (棒棒糖)．‎ The job of a lollipop person is to walk to the middle of the road at a(n) __2__ (suit) time, holding up the sign. It is a legal __3__ (require) for traffic to stop at this command. The lollipop person will signal that it is all right to cross the road __4__ (safe). Traffic may only move once the sign has been lowered.‎ Generally speaking, school crossings are manned for approximately 3 hours a day or less. As a result, the work has always appealed more __5__ people seeking to supplement their income such as __6__ retired.‎ 8‎ Lollipop people were introduced to enable policemen, __7__ had previously run crossing patrols (巡逻), to perform other duties. The earliest lollipops were red and black rectangles __8__ (say)“Stop, children crossing.”‎ In ‎2001 in Europe patrollers were given extra powers allowing them __9__ (assist) adults with crossing, too. The most recent change in the history of the School Crossing Patrol saw the word “children” __10__ (replace) with a symbol to bring the UK in line with the rest of the EU (欧盟)．‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国协助交通的交通安全员的情况。‎ ‎1．is called　考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；call意为“把……叫作”，与主语someone之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；因主语someone是单数概念，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is called。‎ ‎2．suitable　考查词性转换。此处表示“一个合适的时间”，应用形容词作定语修饰名词time。故填suitable。‎ ‎3．requirement　考查词性转换。此处表示“一个合法的要求”。形容词legal用来修饰名词，其前有冠词a，故用require的名词形式requirement。‎ ‎4．safely　考查词性转换。此处表示“安全地过马路”，应用副词修饰动词短语cross the road，故用safe的副词形式safely。‎ ‎5．to　考查介词。appeal to意为“吸引”，为固定短语。故填to。‎ ‎6．the　考查冠词。“the＋形容词”表示一类人。the retired意为“退休的人”，符合语境。故填the。‎ ‎7．who　考查定语从句的引导词。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句“__7__ had previously run crossing patrols (巡逻)”中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导从句。‎ ‎8．saying　考查非谓语动词。空格处作后置定语，say与被修饰的名词“red and black rectangles”之间为主动关系，意为“写着”。故填say的现在分词形式saying。‎ ‎9．to assist　考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth. 意为“允许某人做某事”，是固定结构。故填to assist。‎ ‎10．replaced　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“看见单词‘children’被一个符号代替”，replace与saw的宾语“the word”之间为被动关系，故用replace的过去分词形式，作saw的宾语补足语。故填replaced。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their 8‎ ‎ friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn't __1__， __2__ you child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things __3__！ Many people believe that they can __4__ two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr. Edward Hallowell says this is __5__. The reality is that multitasking __6__ poor job performance.‎ New handhelp __7__ such as smartphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and __8__ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task __9__， such as listening in the classroom or doing homework. “__10__， the brain actually __11__ kids for multitasking even though your child's performance on every task gets worse and worse. Kids don't know that they are doing __12__ because they feel better when they multitask，” says Dr. Edward Hallowell.‎ ‎__13__ the appearance of handheld devices and social networking sites, teachers have noticed a difference in __14__ performance, critical thinking skills and how information is __15__. “Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr. Edward Hallowell. Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and __16__ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的), to tune out and switch __17__ to Facebook or using their cell phones __18__ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem. In the long __19__， multitasking affects grades. One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do __20__ on tests, resulting in lower grades.‎ ‎1．A.play B．understand C．use D．work ‎2．A.only if B．even though C．so that D．no wonder ‎3．A.at once B．right away C．in no time D．at random ‎4．A.advocate B．deal C．perform D．prefer ‎5．A.impossible B．important C．impatient D．impolite ‎6．A.results in B．results from C．exists in D．exists from 8‎ ‎7．A.designs B．discoveries C．equipment D．evidence ‎8．A.attract B．draw C．pay D．share ‎9．A.at hand B．on time C．on schedule D．at times ‎10．A.Uncertainly B．Unfortunately C．Universally D．Undoubtedly ‎11．A.remains B．rewards C．regards D．reflects ‎12．A.better B．well C．bad D．worse ‎13．A.Since B．Before C．When D．While ‎14．A.accidental B．accurate C．accessible D．academic ‎15．A.produced B．processed C．possessed D．promoted ‎16．A.tend B．attend C．intend D．pretend ‎17．A.out B．on C．off D．over ‎18．A.except for B．rather than C．more than D．apart from ‎19．A.run B．walk C．journey D．distance ‎20．A.hardly B．successfully C．poorly D．mildly ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。‎ ‎1．D　根据下文中的“The reality is that multitasking __6__ poor job performance”可推知，一次做很多事情并没有什么效果，work“奏效，起作用”。‎ ‎2．B　根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，even though“即使，尽管”，符合语境。‎ ‎3．A　根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can __4__ two or more tasks 8‎ ‎ at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“一起，同时”。‎ ‎4．C　根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行”。‎ ‎5．A　根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell认为同时做多个任务是不可能的。故A项正确。‎ ‎6．A　根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成”。‎ ‎7．C　根据空后的“smartphones, iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故C项正确。下文13空后的“handheld devices”也是信息提示。‎ ‎8．D　根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。‎ ‎9．A　根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边”。‎ ‎10．B　根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。‎ ‎11．B　根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答”。‎ ‎12．D　根据上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。‎ ‎13．A　结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词since“自从……之后”引导状语从句。‎ ‎14．D　根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的”。‎ ‎15．B　根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process“处理”。‎ ‎16．A　根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a ‘difficult to understand’ topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会做某事”。‎ ‎17．D　根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to“转向”。‎ ‎18．B　根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。rather than“而不是”。‎ ‎19．A　in the long run为固定短语，意为“从长远来看”，符合语境。‎ 8‎ ‎20．C　根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。‎ 四、短文改错。‎ ‎ Last month, I, as well as my parents, were invited to my uncle's home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. She met us at the airport. I was exciting when I set my foot on the land‎ of ‎America. In the followed days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum‎ of ‎Natural History so it enriched our knowledge great. For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips which I have ever made in my life and I am looking forward to go there again.‎ 答案：‎ ‎ Last month, I, as well as my parents, invited to my uncle's home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. met us at the airport. I was when I set my foot on the land‎ of ‎America. In the days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum‎ of ‎Natural History it enriched our knowledge . For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips I have ever made in my life and I am looking forward to there again.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第一处：were→was　考查主谓一致。主语后接as well as引导的短语时，谓语动词的数由前面的主语来决定。故were改为was。‎ 第四处：exciting→excited　考查形容词。此处指人内心的感受，所以用ed结尾的形容词。故exciting改为excited。‎ 第九处：which→that　考查定语从句的引导词。先行词前由形容词最高级修饰，关系词只能用that不能用which。‎ 8‎ 五、七选五 ‎ ‎ 8‎