高考英语二轮专题复习讲义定语从句含答案2017830 13页

‎$来&源：ziyuanku.co 2018高考英语二轮复习：定语从句 讲义 ‎【考纲解读】‎ ‎ 据考纲要求,考生应做到: 1.熟练掌握关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句; 2.区分限制性和非限制性定语从句; 3. 定语从句中的主谓一致； 4. which与that的区别；as与which的区别；whose与of which的转换。 【考点纵横】‎ ‎2017年 ‎2016年 全国卷 ‎2015年新课标卷 ‎2015~2016年地方卷 ‎ 目前这么考 全国卷ⅠⅡⅢ(定语从句关系代词that / which 定语从句who)‎ 北京(定语从句where)‎ 江苏(定语从句whose)‎ 浙江(非限制性定语从句whose)‎ 天津(定语从句where) ‎ 全国Ⅲ卷(定语从句who;状语从句as / when)‎ 新课标Ⅰ卷(定语从句关系代词that / which) ‎ 新课标Ⅱ卷(定语从句where) ‎ ‎●2016年江苏(定语从句) ●2016年浙江(定语从句) ●2016年北京(定语从句) ●2015年湖南(非限制性定语从句which) ●2015年广东(定语从句where) ●2015年四川(定语从句whose) ‎ 今后怎么考?‎ 1. 找准先行词，准确判断先行词在定语从句中所做的成分。‎ 2. 关注定语从句的考查重点，难点和交叉点。并列句，状语从句，强调句，名词性从句和定语从句的综合考查。‎ ‎【考题导引】考点：考查定语从句。‎ ‎（2017北京卷）31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be ‎ inspirations for great inventions.‎ A. that B. as C. where D. when ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ （2017江苏）24.The publication of Great Expectations,which_________both widely reviewed and highly praised,strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.‎ A.is B.are C.was D.were ‎24. 考查定语从句的主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations，“Great Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，“被广泛阅读和得到高度评价”发生在过去，故选C。‎ ‎（2017江苏）28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_____purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.‎ A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom ‎ ‎28. 考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是......，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。‎ ‎（2017全国Ⅰ） Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.‎ ‎70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。‎ ‎（2017全国Ⅱ）In their spare time,they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house.‎ 考察非限定性定语从句。所以把which改成that.‎ ‎（2017全国Ⅲ）But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to ‎ carry on with her 66 (educate).‎ 定语从句缺少主语 who ‎ ‎（2017全国Ⅲ）Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time,car magazines and musical instruments.‎ they→ that/which 定语从句用that或者which指代photos。‎ ‎（2017天津）9. My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.‎ A. that B. whose C. his D. who ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是my eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词做定语，在定语从句中只有引导词whose修饰名词做定语，意为：...的...。故选B。表示地点用where ‎（2017浙江）‎ Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got  63  (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,  64  it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. ‎ ‎.(2016全国Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 　　　　_______lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks. 解析：who　此处who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。 (2016江苏)Many young people，most of _______ were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.  解析：whom　本题定语从句的先行词是people，关系代词whom指代先行词people，在从句中作介词of的宾语。 (2016浙江)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved.  解析：　这是一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词是theories，指物，这里用“代词 + of + which”引导定语从句，which作介词of的宾语。 (2016北京)I live door to a couple ___________ children often make a lot of ‎ noise.  解析：　whose couple是先行词，children和couple是所属关系，故填whose。 (2015陕西)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time __________ he should be able to be independent.  解析：when　此处用when引导定语从句修饰先行词the time，the time在从句中作时间状语。&源：ziyuanku.com ‎[考点精讲]【考点1】　定语从句常见引导词 ‎【考点2】　that与which，who，whom的用法区别 ‎【考点3】　as与which的区别 ‎【考点4】　关系副词的用法 重点关注 ‎1．选择关系代词和关系副词的三个原则 ‎(1)根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性；‎ ‎(2)根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物；‎ ‎(3)根据关系词在从句中所充当的成分。‎ 若从句中缺主语、宾语、定语或表语，则用关系代词；若从句中缺状语，则用关系副词。‎ ‎2．牢记定语从句的特殊用法 看到先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，若引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where引导定语从句；若不作状语，则常用关系代词that/which。‎ ‎3．熟记as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 ‎(1)位置不同 as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。‎ ‎(2)含义不同 as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。‎ ‎4．“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选择原则 ‎(1)根据介词与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配；‎ ‎(2)根据介词与前面先行词的习惯搭配；‎ ‎(3)根据介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配；‎ ‎(4)在非限制性定语从句中表“所有关系”或“整体中的一部分”时常用介词of。‎ ‎5．巧辨定语从句与其他从句 ‎(1)定语从句与名词性从句的区别 定语从句前必须有先行词，先行词通常为名词或代词；名词性从句除同位语从句外，前面均无名词或代词。‎ ‎(2)定语从句与同位语从句的区别 二者前通常都有名词或代词，但定语从句起修饰、限定作用；同位语从句起解释、说明作用；引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而引导同位语从句的that在从句中不作成分。‎ ‎(3)非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别 若前后句之间有and，but，so等并列连词或分号等，则为并列句；若只有逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面某一名词或句子的补充说明，则为非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎【真题感悟】‎ ‎1．(2015•新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.‎ ‎2．(2015•广东高考语法填空)When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly. 3．(2014•新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit _________ is driving your family crazy. 4．(2013•广东高考语法填空)Nick’s guests, _____ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. 5．(2015•江苏高考改编)The number of smokers, ___is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 6．(2015•四川高考改编)The books on the desk, _______ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 7．(2015•陕西高考改编)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing ‎ for the time ________ he should be able to be independent. 8．(2015•重庆高考改编)He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of _______ were published in the 1990s. 9．(2016•高考全国乙卷语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，______ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 10．(2016•高考全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，______ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the development of chopsticks. 11．(2013•高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ单选，4改编)When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house _______ I would be staying. 12．(2012•高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ单选，8改编)That evening，______ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late. 13.【2011全国卷I) 31】The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. whose D. what ‎【2011全国卷II）7】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather ‎ A. this B. that C. what D. which ‎【2011北京卷）26】Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.‎ ‎ A. who B. which C. what D. that ‎【2011上海卷) 39】You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.‎ A. which B. where C. when D. as ‎【2011山东卷）32】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.‎ A. they B. where C. what D. that ‎【2011江西卷）34】She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.‎ A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which ‎【2011江苏卷）24】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.‎ ‎ A. when B. where C. that D. which ‎【2011安徽卷）28】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.‎ A. when B. which C. where D. while ‎【2011浙江卷）8】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently. ‎ ‎ A. which B. what C. them D. those ‎【2011浙江卷）10】A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. ‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. where D. there ‎【2011福建卷）24】She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ,____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.‎ A. which B. where C. what D. who ‎【2011福建卷）33】It was April 29,2001 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.‎ A．that B．when C．since D．before ‎【2011四川卷）17】The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. ‎ ‎ A. which B. whose C. when D. where ‎【2011天津卷）10】The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.‎ A. when B. that C. where D. which ‎【2011陕西卷）11】I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.‎ A. which B. where C. who D. that ‎【2011湖南卷)25】Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _________ she spoke fluently. ‎ A. who B. whom C. which D. that ‎【2012浙江卷】17. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.‎ A. which B. who C. where D. whom ‎【2012浙江卷】9. We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.‎ A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which ‎【2012江苏卷】22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_______ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.‎ A. which B. who C. where D. what ‎【2012重庆卷】29. Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales A. which B. that C. when D. where ‎【2012四川卷】13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.‎ A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them ‎【2012陕西卷】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all. ‎ A. that B. where C. which D. what ‎【2012北京卷】26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. where D. when ‎ ‎【2012天津卷】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without_______help I would never have got this far.‎ A.who B. whose C. whom D. which ‎[2013·上海卷]38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with one another.‎ A. that B. where C. who D. what ‎ [2013·浙江卷]13The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.‎ A. what B. where C. when D. why ‎ [2013·重庆卷] 24John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members. ‎ ‎ A．them B．that C．which D．whom ‎ [2013·陕西卷]16 is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.‎ ‎ A. It B. That C. What D. As ‎[2013·四川卷]9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.‎ A. what B. which C. when D. where ‎ [2013·山东卷]35 Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.‎ A. when B. where C. which D. whom ‎ [2013·山东卷] 31There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.‎ A. as B. that C. when D. where ‎ [2013·辽宁卷] 34 He may win the competition, ________ he is likely to get into the national team.‎ A．in which case B．in that case C．in what case D．in whose case ‎ [2013·江西卷] 33 He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.‎ A. what B. which C. where D. how ‎ [2013·江苏] 32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China，________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.‎ A．where B．which C．what D．when ‎ [2013·湖南卷] 21 Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.‎ A. whom B. who C. what D. which ‎ [2013·福建卷]27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.‎ A. whose B. that C. who D. which ‎ [2013·北京卷] 27Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected. ‎ A. when B. which C. whose D. where ‎ [2013·安徽卷] 29 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true A．it B．that C．what D．which ‎ [2013·天津卷]6 We have launched another man－made satellite，________ is announced in today's newspaper.‎ A. that B. which C．who D．what ‎ ‎ [2013浙江]5. The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.‎ A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom ‎ [2014·安徽卷] The exact year________Anglela and her family spent together in China was 2008.‎ A．when B．where C．why D．which ‎ [2014·北京卷] I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，________my classmates recommended to me.‎ A．who B．which C．when D．where ‎[2014·福建卷] Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.‎ A．who B．when C．which D．where ‎[2014·湖南卷] I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.‎ A. as B. why C. when D. where ‎ [2014·江苏卷] The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must.‎ A．which B．when C．as D．where ‎ [2014·江西卷] Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. ‎ A. which B. what C. where D. when ‎ ‎ [2014·山东卷] A company ________profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. ‎ A．which B．whose C．who D．why ‎ ‎[2014·陕西卷] Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position. ‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. as D. what ‎[2014·四川卷] Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected. ‎ ‎ A．that B．which C．who D．it ‎ [2014·天津卷] English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently.‎ A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them ‎ [2014·浙江卷] I didn't become a serious climber until the fifth grade，________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.‎ A．when B．where C．which D．why ‎[2014·重庆卷] We'll reach the sales targets in a month ________ we set at the beginning of the year. ‎ ‎ A. which B. where C. when D. what 1. Which 2. Where 3. Which 4. Who 5. As 6. Whose 7. When 8. Which 9. When 10. Who 11. Where 12. Which 13. CDBBD CACAC ABDAB CBBBD CCBBA BDDDC AACBB ADDBD DBDCD ABABB AA