2020年高考天津卷英语真题试卷（含答案） 14页

2020 年高考天津卷英语真题试卷（含答案） 第 I 卷 注意事项： 1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂 其他答案标号。 2. 本卷共 55 小题，共 95 分。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例：Stand over there ___________ you’ll be able to see it better. A. or B. and C. but D. while 答案是 B。 1. Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy. A. must B. can C. need D. should 2. —You are a great swimmer. —Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days. A. have been practising B. was practising C. would practise D. had practised 3. —Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance. —______. I will. A. My pleasure B. No wonder C. Good point D. Never mind 4. ______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. A. To help B. Helped C. Helping D. Being helped 5. —Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight? —______. I’ll drive her there. A. Have a try B. Don’t mention it C. Don’t bother D. Go ahead 6. Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 7. According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______. A. worthwhile B. necessary C. optional D. serious 8. I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him. A. drank a toast to B. played a joke on C. kept an eye on D. made an apology to 9. The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A. are remaining B. have remained C. is remaining D. has remained 10. —Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. A. Only if B. Even though C. Now that D. In case 11. We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking. A. understood B. accepted C. compromised D. declined 12. For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey. A. in the shape of B. beyond the reach of C. at the mercy of D. on the side of 13. We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work. A. take up B. carry out C. keep on D. put off 14. The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show. A. being clapped B. clap C. clapped D. clapping 15. The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. A. that B. what C. when D. where 第二节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 16 —loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 17 in a clever way. The 18 ? Chat benches. Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 19 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 20 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about £31,000. Jones was 21 when she said that she didn’t actually 22 being cheated. “Otherwise, I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said. This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 23 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 24 to do something about it. He 25 the police department to allow him to 26 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 27 ：“HAPPY TO CHAT”. Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 28 conversations. The idea is catching on 29 . There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a（n） 30 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 31 — the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 32 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. This effort is not just a（n） 33 at being community minded — it’s also a 34 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters. The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 35 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future. 16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise 17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt 18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention 19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money 20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally 21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused 22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy 23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn 24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided 25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught 26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up 27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied 28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy 29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully 30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing 31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed 32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out 33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack 34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting 35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2. 5 分，满分 50 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library? If so, you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better. It’s been years since they were dusty little rooms with books. They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business. Check out a book. While libraries still loan out（出借）books, you’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries. Via such networks, libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery a vehicles. Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up. Check out other items. The library is now a multimedia zone, loaded with information in many formats（载体 形式）. You can borrow movies on DVDs, music on CDs, and popular magazines. Some libraries even loan out toys and games. If a popular magazine you want isn’t offered and the library keeps a list of such requests, they may bring it in when enough interest is shown. Join targeted reading groups. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to various age groups. Perhaps you’d like to learn a language or improve your English. The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulties reading, ask about special reading opportunities. Your library might be able to accommodate you. And you might find it relaxing to bring your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. In library books and computers, you can find information on starting a business. Many libraries will help you with locally supplied information about business management shared through chambers of commerce（商会）and government agencies, and they will offer printing, faxing and database services you need. 36. Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by______. A. sharing their books on the Internet B. giving access to online reading at a library branch C. sending a needed book to a library branch nearby D. making the checkout procedures diverse 37. According to Paragraph 3, what items may be checked out from a public library? A. A magazine and an e-book. B. A game and an oil painting. C. A music CD and a kid’s toy. D. A DVD and a video player. 38. As is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows ______. A. the kid to learn a new language B. the parent to enjoy quiet reading C. the kid to overcome reading difficulties D. the parent to meet their program sponsor 39. Your local library can help you start a business by ______. A. providing relevant information and supporting services B. offering professional advice on business management C. supplying useful information of your potential buyers D. arranging meetings with government officials 40. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To point out the importance of public libraries. B. To encourage people to work in public libraries. C. To introduce the improved services of public libraries. D. To call for the modernization of public library systems. B “They tell me that you’d like to make a statue（塑像）of me — is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream?” The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl. “Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn’t have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. ” President Lincoln smiled. “Painters, sculptors — they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust（半身像）?” Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice. “Of course — I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. ” Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay（粘土）figure would not exhaust my strength — and that is what I intend to do!” The President’s eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background. ” But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself. ” Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk. ” The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon. ” The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President. 41. What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln? A. Her aggressive personality. B. Mr. Mills’s encouraging remark. C. President Lincoln’s gentle voice. D. Her interest in a challenging job. 42. How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie’s request? A. Pleased. B. Thrilled. C. Regretful. D. Doubtful. 43. Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full-length statue by highlighting ______. A. her experience from other projects B. her innocent childhood in the country C. the heavy labor she had done before D. the skill she picked up in Wisconsin 44. Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to ______. A. achieve effects of natural lighting B. keep all her tools within easy reach C. observe the President at a right angle D. avoid disturbing the President’s work 45. What message does the story convey? A. A strong-willed soul can reach his goal. B. Experience helps to promote excellence. C. Ups and downs make one strong. D. Devotion requires enthusiasm. C For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound. Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device（LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器）. It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly. For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming（哼唱）a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine on point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back. Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights（聚 光灯）are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, a "spotsound" creates a circle of sound in one targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes. 46. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD? A. It causes temporary hearing loss. B. It slows down a running man. C. It makes it easy to identify a suspect. D. It keeps the suspect from hurting others. 47. The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to ________. A. silence the people around you B. remove the sound of commercials C. block the incoming sound waves D. stop unwanted sound from affecting you 48. What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share? A. They travel in circles. B. They clear the atmosphere. C. They can be transformed into energy. D. They can be directed onto a specific area. 49. Directed sound can be used for ________. A. creative designs of restaurant menus B. ideal sound effects on the theater stage C. different choices of music for businesses D. strict control over any suspicious customer 50. What does the passage focus on? A. How professionals invented sound products. B. Inventions in the field of sound technology. C. The growing interest in the study of sound. D. How sound engineers work in their studios. D After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges（驱策力）count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, "Why? Why? Why?" Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. "The great man," said Mencius（孟子）, "is he who does not lose his child’s heart. "Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking. You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment. 51. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________. A. propose a definition B. make a comparison C. reach a conclusion D. present an argument 52. What does the example of Galileo tell us? A. Trial and error leads to the finding of truth. B. Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious. C. Creativity results from challenging authority. D. Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore. 53. What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent? A. Observe the unknown around you. B. Develop a questioning mind. C. Lead a life of adventure. D. Follow the fashion. 54. What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7? A. Gaining success helps you become an expert. B. The genius tends to get things done creatively. C. Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action. D. You should remain modest when approaching perfection. 55. What could be the best title or the passage? A. Curious Minds Never Feel Contented B. Reflections on Human Nature C. The Keys to Achievement D. Never Too Late to Learn 第Ⅱ卷 注意事项： 1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2. 本卷共 6 小题，共 35 分。 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of "cool". For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected （被忽略的） one. My legs just weren’t made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well. I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of "cool". I don’t know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit. Tyson’s definition of "cool", I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did. As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team. I didn’t feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am！ I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that "cool" has a much broader definition than what I used to think. 56. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1? （no more than 8 words） 57. What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved? （no more than 15 words） 58. According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author’s growth? （no more than 7 words） 59. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? （no more than 10 words） 60. What is your example of “cool”? Please explain why. （no more than 20 words） 第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分） 假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于 6 月 8 日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友 Chris 很想了解该 活动。你于当晚给 Chris 回一封电子邮件，介绍关情况，内容包括： （1）成人礼活动内容（成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事迹录像等）； （2）对活动的感受； （3）对自己未来的展望。 注意： （1）词数不少于 100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 成人礼 the coming-of age ceremony 新冠脑炎 COVID-19 Dear Chris, I’m so glad to hear from you. ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 绝密★启用前 2020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷） 英语笔试（第二次）参考答案 第 I 卷 第一、二部分（Key to 1~55） 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. C 41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. C 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 第一节 Some possible answers： 56. Receiving less attention than someone else. Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else. Or: Being/Feeling neglected. 57. That his brother left for college and he changed schools. Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school. 58. Joining the Science Olympiad team. Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team. Or: Discovering his true interests（in science）. 59. （How） the author discovered a broader definition of "cool". Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool. Or: He found his own identity. 60. Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am. Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy. Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure. 以上答案仅供参考 评分标准 分值 描述 2 分 针对问题作出了正确的回答，内容清晰、完整；同时，语法、单词拼写（含 大小写）准确无误，且答题所用词汇数量符合题目要求 1. 5 分 针对问题作出了正确的回答，内容全面，但答题所用词汇数量超出题目要 求的数量较多，或存在个别因粗心或笔误引起的语法或单词拼写（含大小 写）错误，对表达含义基本不构成影响。 1 分 语法或单词拼写基本准确，但回答内容不够全面，缺乏部分主要信息；或 针对问题作出了基本正确的回答，但组织语言过程中存在一至两处明显的 语法或单词拼写错误，且错误易引起歧义或误解。 0 分 答非所问；回答过于简略或草率，难以理解或者是没有意义的单词堆砌。 第二节 一、评分原则 1. 本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步锁定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次， 最后综合给分。 3. 词数少于 100 的，从总分中减去 2 分。 4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语 言的得体性。 5. 拼写与标点符合是语言准确性的一个方面。每错误书写 3 个单词从总分中减去 1 分，原则上不超过 3 分， 重复的不计。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。标点符号错误，将视其对交际的影响程度酌情减分。 6. 如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。 二、内容要点 1. 成人礼活动内容（至少写出两点）； 2. 对活动的感受； 3. 对自己未来的展望。 三、各档次的给分范围和要求 分数档 内容 语法结构和词汇 衔接和连贯 整体效果 第五档 21~25 分 （很好） 覆 盖 所 有 内 容 要 点，并有适当发挥 应用了较丰富的语 法结构和词汇：表 达准确、地道：有 个别错误，但不影 响对写作内容的理 解。 有 效 使 用 衔 接 手 段，内容连贯，结 构紧凑 具备较强的语言运 能力；完全达到了 预期的写作目的。 第四档 覆 盖 所 有 内 容 要 应用的语法结构和 应用了简单的连接 达到了预期的写作 16~20 分 （好） 点。 词汇能满足任务要 求：表达基本准确， 些许错误对写作内 容 的 理 解 影 响 不 大。 成分，全文结构较 紧凑。 目的。 第三档 11~15 分 （一般） 漏掉一些内容，覆 盖部分内容要点。 应用的语法结构和 词汇，能基本满足 任务要求。有一些 错误，对写作内容 的理解造成了一定 影响。 应用简单的连接成 内，内容基本连贯。 基本达到了预期的 写作目的。 第二档 6~10 分 （较差） 漏掉或未描述清楚 一些主要内容，有 一些无关内容。 语法结构调，词汇 项目有限；错误较 多，且在很大程度 影响了对写作内容 的理解。 较少使用语句间的 连接成分，内容缺 少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传 达给读者。 第一档 1~5 分 （差） 明 显 遗 漏 主 要 内 容，写了一些无关 的内容，可能未理 解试题要求。 语法结构单调，词 汇项目有限；错误 较多，严重影响了 对 写 作 内 容 的 理 解。 缺乏语句间的连接 成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读 者。 0 分 未能传达给读者任何信息内容太少，无法评判：写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所 写内容无法看清。