2011高考英语一轮复习 题型突破 完形填空1 5页

完形填空突破(一)‎ ‎——记叙文 ‎1．记叙型完形填空的特点 ‎(1)在记事记叙文的完形填空中,作者在文章的开头就把事件及其发生的时间、地点交代清楚,然后对这件事情的发生、发展进行陈述,反映出作者的某种思想,最后得出事件结果。‎ ‎(2)在记人记叙文的完形填空中,作者往往在文章的第一句话就交代出所述人物的姓名、身份、业绩,让读者对他有一个总体的印象。然后,对这个人的成长经历作出详细的介绍,从而让读者对他有更清楚的认识。‎ ‎(3)记叙文的人称通常有第一人称和第三人称。采用第一人称,便于直抒胸臆,读起来有种亲切感和真实感。采用第三人称,不受时空限制,能从多方面自由叙述。‎ ‎2．记叙型完形填空的备考策略 ‎(1)重视首句,把握开篇 完形填空一般首句不设空,是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章的体裁,预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向,避免误入歧途,对理解全文起重要的作用。‎ ‎(2)速读全文,掌握大意 速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去,不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍,要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when,where,what等。掌握梗概,总体把握文章内容、结构、时态、语态变化、情节的展开、结局的形成,然后答题。‎ ‎(3)弄清作者对人物和事件的态度 弄清作者对人物和事件的态度也是做好记叙型完形填空的关键。分析近几年高考题,有不少题需要在正确把握反映作者情感和态度的关键词的基础上才能做好。‎ ‎(4)理顺事件的发生、发展和结局 记叙型完形填空多数是按事件发生的顺序进行叙述,正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要的意义,因此,在选择答案时可以事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情。‎ ‎1‎ ‎(2010·南京一次统考)‎ David Years ago,when I was working at a children’s institution,a boy　1　up in the ‎ waiting room.It was David.He had　2　his parents.He was very sad　3　to talk ‎ to others.‎ The first two times we met,David didn’t say a word.He sat in the chair and only　4　up at the children’s drawings on the wall.As he was about to leave ‎　5　the second visit,I put my hand on his　6　.He didn’t shrink (退缩) back,but he didn’t look at me either.‎ ‎“Come back next week,” I hesitated a bit.‎ He came,and I suggested we play a game of chess.He 7 .After that we played 8 every time,in complete 9 and without making any eye contact.It’s not 10 to cheat in chess,but I admit that I made sure David won 11 .‎ It seemed as if he enjoyed my 12 .But why did he never look at me？Perhaps he sensed that I respected his suffering.I kept wondering and 13 with him,until some months later, 14 ,‎ he looked up at me.“It’s your turn,” he said.‎ After that day,David started 15 .He got friends in school.He wrote me a few 16 about how he would try to get into university.After some time,the letters 17 .Now he had really started to live his own life.‎ I learned how 18 cures pain.And David showed me how one—without any 19 —can reach out to another person.All it takes is a shoulder to cry on,a 20 touch and an ear that listens.‎ ‎1．A.showed B．went C．rose D．put 答案　A 解析　考查动词词义辨析。此处表示一个小男孩出现在等候室。rise up起义；go up上升；‎ put up搭起。‎ ‎2．A.missed B．lost C．loved D．respected 答案　B 解析　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“sad”和“suffering”以及小孩的表现可知,他 ‎“失去”了父母,B项符合语境。miss思念；love爱；respect尊重。‎ ‎3．A.preferring B．trying C．refusing D．expecting 答案　C 解析　考查动词。根据前面的sad和下文反复提到的小孩不说话的举动可知,C项符合 语境。prefer to do更喜欢做；try to do努力做；expect to do期待着做。‎ ‎4．A.glanced B．stared C．woke D．looked 答案　D 解析　考查动词。小孩不说话只是抬头看着墙上的画。glance at迅速地瞄一眼；stare at 凝视；wake up醒来。‎ ‎5．A.after B．when C．before D．until 答案　A 解析　考查连词的用法。此处表示在小孩第二次来访后要走的时候。‎ ‎6．A.back B．shoulder C．face D．hand 答案　B 解析　考查名词的用法。此处指作者把手放到小孩的肩膀上。其他的词在此处不符合语 境。back背部；face脸部；hand手。‎ ‎7．A.cried B．smiled C．nodded D．wondered 答案　C 解析　考查动词的用法。根据下文可知,小孩同意了作者的建议,所以C项为最佳答案。‎ cry哭泣；smile微笑；wonder想知道。‎ ‎8．A.violin B．cards C．basketball D．chess 答案　D 解析　考查上下文联系。根据上文“we play a game of chess”可知,答案选D项。violin 小提琴；cards纸牌游戏；basketball篮球。‎ ‎9．A.silence B．surprise C．doubt D．trouble 答案　A 解析　考查名词的用法。从下文作者开始同小孩说话,并结合第一段中的小孩拒绝说话可 知,此处A项为最佳答案。in surprise惊讶地;in doubt不确定;in trouble处于麻烦之中。‎ ‎10．A.wise B．easy C．right D．wrong 答案　B 解析　考查形容词的用法。作者想让小孩赢,以恢复他的信心,但是作者要想输得不露 痕迹,也是件不容易的事。‎ ‎11．A．now and then B．more or less C．once or twice D．all the time 答案　C 解析　考查语境理解。结合语境可知,此处表示作者想让小孩赢一两次。now and then 不时；more or less大约；all the time一直。‎ ‎12．A.game B．success C．cheat D．company 答案　D 解析　考查名词的用法。此处表示小孩喜欢和作者在一起。game游戏；success成功；‎ cheat骗子。‎ ‎13．A．playing B．competing C．arguing D．fighting 答案　A 解析　考查动词的用法。结合上下文可知,此处应是作者和小孩继续一起玩。compete 竞争；argue争吵；fight打架。‎ ‎14．A.naturally B．suddenly C．impatiently D．angrily 答案　B 解析　考查副词的用法。此处表示小孩抬头看他,对于作者来说很突然。naturally天然 地；impatiently不耐烦地；angrily生气地。‎ ‎15．A.laughing B．singing C．talking D．sleeping 答案　C 解析　考查具体语境中动词的辨析。结合上下文可知,C项符合语境。laugh笑；sing唱 歌；sleep睡。‎ ‎16．A．articles B．compositions C．emails D．letters 答案　D 解析　考查上下文联系。下文提到了letters,故此处选D项。article文章；composition 作文；email电子邮件。‎ ‎17．A.stopped B．arrived C．posted D．continued 答案　A 解析　考查动词的用法。此处表示小孩在给作者写了一些信之后,就停止写了。这表示 小孩已经开始了自己的生活。arrive到达；post邮寄；continue继续。‎ ‎18．A.money B．time C．hate D．fame 答案　B 解析　考查名词的用法。此处意为“时间是怎样医治人的痛苦的”。money金钱；hate 憎恨；fame声誉。‎ ‎19．A.hopes B．actions C．words D．complaints 答案　C 解析　考查名词的用法。整篇文章都在介绍小孩少言寡语,所以此处C项符合语境。hope 希望；action动作；complaint怨言。‎ ‎20．A.gently B．lovely C．lively D．friendly 答案　D 解析　考查副词与形容词的用法。本文的主题是：一个人悲伤时需要别人的关爱,需要 得到的仅仅是一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀、一次友好的接触和一只倾听的耳朵。gently 温和地；lovely可爱的；lively精力充沛的。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2010·无锡高三检测)‎ On a flight from Johannesburg,a middleaged,rich white South African lady had found herself sitting next to a black man.She called the cabin crew attendant (服务员) over to　1　about her seating.“What seems to be the　2　,Madam？”asked the attendant.‎ ‎“Can’t you see？”she said,“You’ve sat me next to a　3　person！I can’t possibly sit next to this kind of person.Find me another　4　！”‎ ‎“Please　5　down,Madam,”the stewardess replied.“The flight is very full today,　6　I’ll tell you what I’ll do—I’ll go and　7　to see if we have any seats available in club or first class.”‎ The woman glanced at the angry black man beside her (not to mention many of the surrounding passengers)．A few　8　later the stewardess returned with the　9　news,which she delivered to the lady.‎ ‎“Madam,　10　,as I expected,economy is　11　.I’ve spoken to the cabin services director,and club is also full.　12　,we do have one seat in　13　class.”‎ Before the lady had a chance to answer,the stewardess　14　,“It is most extraordinary to make this kind of upgrade(升级),however,and I have had to get special　15　from the captain.But,learning the conditions,the　16　felt that it was shocking that someone should be ‎　17　to sit next to such a tiring person.”‎ Having said that,the stewardess　18　to the black man sitting next to the lady,and said,“So ‎　19　you’d like to get your things,sir,I have your seat ready for you...”‎ At which point,obviously the　20　passengers stood and gave an applause while the black man walked up to the front of the plane.‎ ‎1．A.argue B．talk C．think D．complain 答案　D 解析　不希望与那个黑人坐在一起,所以“抱怨”。‎ ‎2．A.problem B．theme C．symbol D．injury 答案　A 解析　询问有什么问题。‎ ‎3．A.white B．black C．rich D．short 答案　B 解析　根据第一段第一句中的“sitting next to a black man”可知。‎ ‎4．A.car B．bed C．seat D．room 答案　C 解析　上文提到她不愿意与一个黑人坐在一起,同时从后面的句子可知“想另外找一个位 子”。‎ ‎5．A.bend B．sit C．look D．calm 答案　D 解析　看到乘客有点激动,所以先安慰她,请她镇静。‎ ‎6．A.but B．and C．so D．or 答案　A 解析　前后句子在逻辑上含有转折的意味,所以用but。‎ ‎7．A.test B．check C．examine D．prove 答案　B 解析　check检查,即通过检查确信。‎ ‎8．A.hours B．days C．minutes D．months 答案　C 解析　根据常识在飞行的飞机上找座位时间不可能太久,所以用minutes。‎ ‎9．A.good B．bad C．original D．harmful 答案　A 解析　根据下文“we do have one seat in 13 class”判断“是一个好消息”。‎ ‎10．A．totally B．instead C．besides D．unfortunately 答案　D 解析　经济舱满了,所以用“不幸地”。‎ ‎11．A.empty B．full C．expensive D．tidy 答案　B 解析　由下文“and club is also full”可知答案。‎ ‎12．A.Somehow B．In fact C．However D．Therefore 答案　C 解析　前面提到的两个地方都满员了,头等舱仍有座位,可知前后有转折的意味。‎ ‎13．A.second B．club C．economy D．first 答案　D 解析　根据下文“while the black man walked up to the front of the plane”可知。‎ ‎14．A．continued B．stopped C．explained D．questioned 答案　A 解析　前面说了一些话,接着又说,所以用continued。‎ ‎15．A．style B．permission C．design D．suggestion 答案　B 解析　从后文谈到的与机长有关的事情判断“需要征询机长的许可”。‎ ‎16．A.woman B．man C．captain D．attendant 答案　C 解析　由下文“and I have had to get special 15 from the captain”可知答案。‎ ‎17．A.forced B．allowed C．forbidden D．used 答案　A 解析　be forced to被迫。‎ ‎18．A．referred B．turned C．owed D．introduced 答案　B 解析　刚才与那个白人妇女交谈,这里与黑人男子说话,所以用“转向”(turned)。‎ ‎19．A.while B．though C．if D．unless 答案　C 解析　用 if表示条件。‎ ‎20．A．unexpected B．united C．suffering D．surrounding 答案　D 解析　刚才人们在观望,所以用“周围的”旅客恰当。‎