高考英语语法名词性从句 无答案 7页

语法——名词性从句 判断以下从句的类型：‎ 1. What he wants to tell us is not clear. （ 从句）‎ 2. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.   （ 从句）‎ 3. She told her pupils that the earth is round.  （ 从句）‎ 4. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.  （ 从句）‎ 5. I have no idea when he will come back home. （ 从句）‎ 6. It all depends on whether they will come back. （ 从句）‎ 7. Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. （ 从句）‎ 8. How the building was done was a mystery. （ 从句）‎ 9. Whichever he likes will be given to him. （ 从句）‎ 10. The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow. （ 从句）‎ 概 念 名词性从句分为 从句、 从句、 从句和 从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个 。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。‎ 连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：‎ 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.‎ 连接副词：when, where, how, why 词义 在句中的成分 连 接 词 that whether 是否 if 是否 连 接 代 词 what 什么 whatever 无论是什么 who 谁 whoever 无论是谁 whom 谁 whose 谁的 which 哪一个 连 接 副 词 when 什么时候 where 何地 how 多么，怎么 why 为什么 挑 战 高 考 ‎2019年 ‎1.（北京）The best moment for the football star was ___________ he scored the winning goal.‎ ‎2.（北京） Some people believe __________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.‎ ‎3.（山东） It is difficult for us to imagine _________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.‎ ‎4.（湖南）As John Lennon once said, life is _________ happens to you while you are busy ‎ making other plans.‎ ‎5.（四川）Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “ That’s ___________, I was born.”‎ ‎6.（全国）Exactly __________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.‎ ‎7.（天津） I think __________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.‎ ‎8.（重庆）--- Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday ?‎ ‎ --- Yeah, but I have no idea ______ he did it ; that’s one of his favorite universities.‎ ‎9.（福建）Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you’re afraid to do. ‎ ‎2019年 1. ‎（重庆）We must find out __________Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.‎ 2. ‎（福建）---I wonder ___________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.‎ ‎--- By working out every day.‎ 3. ‎（湖南）You have to know _____ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.‎ 4. ‎（安徽）A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not __________ ships are built for.‎ 5. ‎（北京）I truly believe __________ beauty comes from within.‎ 6. ‎（北京）___________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.‎ 7. ‎（陕西）Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for ___________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.‎ 8. ‎（四川）The exhibition tells us ___________ we should do something to stop air pollution.‎ 9. ‎（浙江）If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate __________ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.‎ ‎2019年 1. ‎（全国Ⅰ卷）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live .___________‎ 2. ‎（全国Ⅰ卷）We now realize ___________ important family is and how important to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.‎ 3. ‎（全国Ⅱ卷）The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.‎ 4. ‎（全国Ⅱ卷）Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. _________ finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.‎ 5. ‎（全国Ⅱ卷）The journey was intended to achieve more than _________ Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.‎ 6. ‎（北京卷）Your support is important to our work, __________ you can do helps.[来源:ZXXK]‎ 7. ‎（北京卷）The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ___________ one can be entirely free from dust.‎ 8. ‎（天津卷）The manager put forward a suggestion __________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ 9. ‎（江苏卷）It is often the case _________ anything is possible for those who hang on to ‎ hope.‎ 改错 ‎ ‎1. It has been proved when eating vegetables helps build up strength.‎ ‎2. That he did impressed me a lot.‎ ‎3. I’ll help who is in need of help most.‎ ‎4. Could you show me what the nearest hospital is ?‎ ‎5. Could you tell me what I can solve the problem.‎ ‎6. He believed that he was right and his brother was wrong.‎ ‎7. I appreciate that if you help me with the harvest.‎ ‎8. I don’t doubt it Shenzhou X will be launched successfully.‎ ‎9. See the trees on the top of the mountain? That was how we did this morning.‎ ‎10. Our hometown is not that it used to be five years ago.‎ ‎11. He was lazy and stubborn. That’s because he couldn’t succeed in achieving anything.‎ ‎12. The shop is when the two roads meet.‎ ‎13. My doubt is that he can recover from the disease.‎ ‎14. There is some doubt among people that $749 is too much for an iPhone4.‎ ‎15. A rumor goes where another big earthquake will strike Wen-chuan.‎ 一、 主语从句 主语从句的语序—陈述句语序 即： + 主语 + 谓语 + ……‎ ‎（1）翻译：‎ ①他将会赢是肯定的。 is certain.‎ ②你是否赢得这场比赛不重要。 doesn’t matter.‎ ③谁负责这个项目还没有被决定。 hasn’t been decided.‎ ④恐龙为什么消失还是一个谜。 still remains a mystery.‎ 小结：当主语是一个句子时，谓语动词应当用 （单/复数）‎ ‎（2）特殊句式：‎ ‎1. 很有可能明天将会下雪。 ‎ ‎ 你需要掌握英语是必要的。 ‎ ‎ 句式总结： ‎ ‎2. 难怪你实现了你自己的梦想。 ‎ ‎ 你没能来参加昨天的演讲真遗憾。 ‎ 句式总结： ‎ ‎3. 据说我们下个月期末考试。 ‎ ‎ 据报道两国的会谈正取得进步。 ‎ ‎ 句式总结： ‎ ‎4. 他突然想到John害怕一个人待着。 ‎ ‎ 似乎我们会赢得这次比赛。 ‎ ‎ 句式总结： ‎ 二、 宾语从句 一个句子作宾语称作宾语从句。宾语从句常置于 、 或 后面。‎ ‎（1）翻译：‎ ①我不能理解为什么你要拒绝这个好机会。‎ I could not understand that why you this good chance.‎ ②我对你所说的很感兴趣。I’m interested in .‎ ③ 我很高兴你在英语上取得了巨大的进步。‎ ‎ I’m glad that you are English.‎ ‎（2）时态：‎ ① The teacher tells us that she graduated from the college 6 years ago.‎ The teacher tells us that she will leave for Beijing tomorrow.‎ The teacher tells us that she has finished the project.‎ The teacher tells us that English is widely used all over the world.‎ ② The teacher told us that she had graduated from the college 6 years ago.‎ ‎ The teacher told us that she would leave for Beijing.‎ ‎ The teacher told us that we could have a break.‎ ‎ The teacher told us that light travels fast than sound.‎ ‎1. 主句用一般现在时，从句可用 时态。‎ ‎2. 主句用过去时，从句可用 时态。‎ ‎3. 不受时态影响，只用一般现在时。‎ ‎（3）特殊句式 ‎1. 我们认为他们用这样的方式解决问题简单的多。‎ ‎ We consider that they the problem this means.‎ ‎ 让我们使得在课上只说英语成为我们的一个规则。‎ ‎ Let’s make that we only speak English in class.‎ 句式总结： ‎ ‎2. 你不能指望他会帮你保守秘密。‎ You cannot that they will for you.‎ 如果你能来帮助我我将不胜感激。‎ I will come to help me.‎ 句式总结：有些词组较为特殊，加宾语从句之前必须要加 。 例如：‎ ‎ depend on it that… see to it that… ‎ ‎ keep it in mind that… take it for granted that… ‎ ‎（4）宾语从句连词辨析 ‎1. that 和 what ① I don’t know impresses him about her painting.‎ ② I think ____ the colors he uses impress me most.‎ ⑤ The exhibition tells us _____ we should do something to stop air pollution. ‎ ⑥ The exhibition tells us ______ we should do to stop air pollution.‎ ⑦ David Beckham has _____ it takes to become a professional football player.‎ ⑧ I know _____ it takes efforts and time to become a professional football player. ‎ 总结：What 在宾语从句中做 、 、 ；that 意义， 成分。‎ 请判断并写出下面的句子是什么从句；然后改正句子中的错误。‎ ① I am worried about that I can’t pass the exam.‎ ② These are the words what the teacher say.‎ ③ I remember all what the teacher says.‎ ④ The happiest people enjoy that each age gives them. ‎ ‎2. if 和 whether ① Everything depends on whether we have enough money.‎ ② I wonder whether or not he will come.‎ ③ Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?‎ ④ I don’t know if/whether it will rain tomorrow.‎ 总结：只用whether不用if的几种情况：a. b. c. ‎ ‎3. that 思考：that在名词性从句中什么情况下可以省略？什么情况下不可省略？‎ e.g. He has told me he will go to Shanghai and he has got everything ready. ‎ 总结：that在 从句中可以省略，在 从句、 从句和 从句中不能省略。‎ ‎ 特殊情况：当动词、介词或形容词引导 或 的宾语从句时， 。 ‎ 三、表语从句 一个句子位于主句的 之后，作连系动词的表语。‎ 句式：主语 + 系动词+ 引导词/关联词 + 表语从句 ‎（1）翻译：‎ ①他病了。那就是为何他缺席会议的原因。‎ He was ill. That’s ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ the meeting. ‎ ②问题还是他们是否愿意帮我们。‎ The question remains ____ they ____ ____ ____ do us a ____ .‎ ③听起来好像有人在敲门。‎ It ____ as if someone is ____ ____ the door.‎ ④我想知道他是何时离开的。‎ ‎____ I wonder is ____ he left.‎ ‎（2）特殊句式 ‎1. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。‎ The reason ____ he was ____ was ____ he was ill.‎ ‎ 我难过的原因是他不能理解我。‎ ‎ The reason ____ I was ____ was ____ he couldn’t ____ ____ ____ me.‎ 句式总结： ‎ ‎2. 在我看来，他们应当为此事受到责备。‎ ‎ It seems/appears to me that they ____ ____ ____ ____ this matter.‎ ‎ 似乎他没赶上火车。 It ___ _ /_ ___ that he didn’t catch the train. ‎ 句式总结： ‎ 四、同位语从句 同位语：当两个名词或名词词组在一个句子中具有相同的位置和成分，放在后面的名词或名词词组被称为同位语。同位语放在名词的后面，对名词作进一步的解释、说明、补充和概括，表明其身份、职位、头衔等。‎ Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. ‎ Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends．‎ 同位语从句：放在抽象名词后、充当同位语的从句叫同位语从句，它用来解释说明同位名词（也称为先行词）的具体内容。‎ 这些名词常见的有：idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等。‎ ‎（1）翻译 ①人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性。‎ The  possibility ____ ____ ____ ____ the labor force will work at home is often discussed.‎ ②谁出国这个问题还需要考虑。‎ The question ____ ____ ____ ____requires consideration.‎ ③我不知道他说了什么。 I have no idea ____ he has said. ‎ ④到哪儿去度假，这个问题我们还没有解决。‎ We haven’t yet ____ __ __ the question____ we are going to spend our vocation.‎ ⑤有消息传出，更多的学生会升入大学。‎ Information was put forward ____ more middle school graduates will ____ ____ ____ colleges. ‎ ‎（2）同位语从句与定语从句的区别。‎ ‎1.被修饰的词不同。‎ ①The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister. （ 从句）‎ ‎ We haven’t heard of the news who will be in charge of the project. （ 从句）‎ ②I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. （ 从句）‎ ‎ I have no idea when he will come back. （ 从句）‎ ③The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting. （ 从句）‎ ‎ The news that our team had won was really exciting. （ 从句）‎ 总结：同位语从句前面的名词是_ __名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是____名词，可以是____，也可以是____ 。‎ ‎2.从句的作用不同。（翻译以上句子并总结）‎ 同位语从句是对先行词（前面的名词）的 ；而定语从句是对先行词的 。‎ ‎3.引导词不同。‎ ‎ 、 、 、 不能引导定语从句，但可用于引导同位语从句。‎ ‎4.引导词的作用不同。‎ Do you think there’s any chance that you could get a job in Paris? ‎ Do you think there’s any chance that he will give you?‎ ①引导同位语从句的that在从句中 成分, 意义， 省略；‎ 而引导定语从句的that叫关系代词，在从句中充当 或 ，在限定性定语从句中充当从句的 时， 省略。‎ ②定语从句的引导词指代先行词，意义上可用先行词来替换.‎ 同位语从句的引导词是表示疑问，意思是“谁/ 什么/ 何时 / 何地/ 为何/ 如何”‎ 练一练 ‎1. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt________ a cure for AIDS will be found. (广东)‎ ‎2. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ________ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. (2019重庆）[来源:学+科+网]‎ ‎3. The manager put forward asuggestion __________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. (2019重庆)‎ ‎4. It is often the case _________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2019江苏)‎ ‎5.My first step was to set small targets _________ can be reached realistically.(2019广西)‎ ‎6.She pointed to the screen, ________ showed a message from her daughter telling me that…(2019广西)‎ ‎7.She likes to teach by telling stories, ______ always makes her lessons so interesting (2019二模)‎ ‎8.She’s always nice to those students ________ need more time to grasp the subject. (2019二模)‎ 用于名词性从句中的虚拟语气 ‎ ‎ 在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的词所用的句中，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即： ‎ 常见的词有：‎ ‎ 一坚持 ‎ ‎ 二命令 ‎ 三建议 ‎ 四要求 ‎ e.g. He demanded that the gate (should) be closed.‎ ‎ His demand was that the gate (should) be closed.‎ ‎ It is demanded that the gate (should) be closed.‎ ‎ His demand that the gate (should) be closed was approved by everyone.‎ 其中，较为特殊的两个词是suggest和insist。观察下列例句：‎ ①Her pale face suggested that she was ill so her mother suggested that she go to the hospital.‎ ②He insisted that he hadn’t stolen anything and insisted that the police set him off.‎ 总结：当suggest作 意思时，从句要用虚拟语气；‎ 当suggest作 意思时，从句要用陈述句语气；‎ ‎ 当insist作 意思时，从句要用虚拟语气；‎ 当insist作 意思时，从句要用陈述句语气；‎