2020版高考英语 Unit 9 Wheels夯练（含解析）北师大版必修3 8页

Unit 9 Wheels 李仕才 一、If you have a chance to go to Finland，you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.‎ Take the taxi drivers for example.Taxis in Finland are mostly highclass Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer.You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.The driver would not show the least signs of anxiety.‎ The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests，but also serve outside diners.Hotel guests have their meals free，so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals.The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration cards to the waiter.With such a loose check，you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.‎ The Finnish workers are paid by the hour.They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss at the rate.From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.‎ With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty_advantages”．But the strange thing is that all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fares after they have attended to their business and that not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms.And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in.As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do，living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”．‎ ‎1．The underlined words in Paragraph 5 means to “________”．‎ A．be ready to help others B．make good use of one's friends C．be a little ahead of others D．gain something at other's expense ‎2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．While taking a taxi in Finland，you can get off without first paying your fare.‎ B．In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if you're living in the hotel.‎ C．The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to the registration of their 8‎ ‎ working hours.‎ D．The workers are always honest with their working hours.‎ ‎3．We can learn from the passage that ________.‎ A．the Finnish society is of very high moral(道德的)level B．there are many loopholes in everyday life in ‎Finland C．in Finland，most taxi drivers will not charge you anything D．everyone in Finland is like a gentleman，for they have faith in themselves ‎4．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A．Life in ‎Finland B．A Society with “Foolish” People C．What a Life D．Honest accounts of the Finns ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过一些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。‎ ‎【难句分析】You can go anywhere in one，tell the driver to drop you at any place，say that you have some business to attend to，and then walk off without paying your fare.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中that you have some business to attend to 为that引导的宾语从句，作say的宾语。‎ 译文：你可以乘一辆出租车去任何地方，告诉司机让你在任何地方下车，告诉(司机)你有一些事情要处理，然后不付车费就可以离开。‎ ‎1．D　考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“With so many loopholes(漏洞)in everyday life，surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take ‘petty_advantages’”可知，在日常生活中芬兰出现了很多的“漏洞”。结合上文内容可知，在芬兰，如果你告诉出租车司机你有一些事要处理，你不付车费就可以离开；在宾馆用旧的登记卡就可以享受免费大餐；工人只要告诉老板自己工作的时长就可以得到相应的工资，这些就是“漏洞”。由此可知，芬兰确实是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂，画线词意为“小便宜”，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．C　考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第三句“From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly”可知，老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的，而不是根据登记的时长，所以C项与文意不符，故选C项。根据第五段第二句可知，你可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费，故A项与文意相符；根据第三段最后两句可知，如果你在芬兰大宾馆入住，你可以凭登记卡享受免费大餐，故B项与文意相符；根据最后一段倒数第二句“And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put 8‎ ‎ in”可知，芬兰工人总是诚实地汇报自己实际的工作时长，故D项与文意相符。‎ ‎3．A　考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，在芬兰，乘出租车的乘客可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费；没有在宾馆登记入住的人并不会去宾馆享受免费大餐；工人可以按照自己报的工作时长向老板索要工资。因为芬兰人总是诚实地做每一件事，生活在这样一个社会里，每个人都变成了一个真正的“绅士”。据此可以判断，芬兰社会有着很高的道德水平，故A项正确。根据第五段第一句可知，在日常生活中，芬兰社会有很多可以让贪小便宜的人钻的“漏洞”，这是文章所叙述的事实，而不是推论出来的内容，故B项不符合题意；根据第五段第二句可知，乘客会在办完事后支付车费，故C项错误；根据文章最后一句可知，芬兰人总是诚实地做一切事情，故他们都像绅士，并不是说芬兰人信任自己，故D项错误。‎ ‎4．B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章先通过人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题，接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况，最后点明主旨，即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家，人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。据此可以判断，B项最适合做文章标题。‎ 阅读理解。‎ 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎(2017·厦门质量检测)China’s most famous wall may have been built to keep people away, but a new kind of wall is bringing people a lot 61.____________ (close) together.‎ On January 29，hooks and hangers appeared on the side of a Qingdao building under the words：“If you need it, take it.”This “wall of 62.____________ (kind)”， the creation of local charity Chuangyi Workshop, 63.____________ (invite) passersby to leave their spare warm clothes and encourages those 64.____________ are in need to take them.‎ ‎“It is just like what you do at home.You hang your clothes when you get home.You take them down 65.____________ put them on when you go out，”said Wang Lei，director of Chuangyi Workshop.66.____________ (inspire)by a similar plan in Iran, she put it into practice in China as the country experienced 67.____________ (it) coldest winter in decades.‎ Wang and her colleagues receive lots of clothes from people，especially in winter.She 68.____________ (touch) by people’s generosity.“Some of the clothing is almost new.I don’t even have to wash my hands 69.____________ sorting it.”‎ Many such walls have also appeared in several other Chinese 70.____________ (city)．This simple way of helping people is now making a big difference to 8‎ ‎ society.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文讲述了青岛一座建筑物墙上的一条标语“如果你需要它，就拿走它。”这其实是通过向人们收集闲置的衣物来帮助有困难的人御寒过冬的，这也体现出了人性的善良和仁慈。‎ ‎61．closer　解析：考查形容词比较级。这里表示一种新的墙正在将人们的距离拉得更近，此处a lot修饰比较级，故应填closer。‎ ‎62．kindness　解析：考查词性转换。介词of之后应填名词作宾语，这里指“这面善良之墙”，故应填kindness。‎ ‎63．invites　解析：考查主谓一致及时态。本文描述的都是目前的状况，而且主语为单数，因此动词应用一般现在时态的第三人称单数形式，故应填invites。‎ ‎64．who　解析：考查定语从句引导词。这里“those”为先行词，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who来引导。‎ ‎65．and　解析：考查连词。“take them down”与“put them on”为并列关系，同时作谓语，故应填表示并列关系的连词and。‎ ‎66．Inspired　解析：考查非谓语动词。这里作原因状语，且inspire与句子的主语she之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词形式inspired，注意首字母大写。‎ ‎67．its　解析：考查形容词性物主代词。这里修饰空后的名词winter，应用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎68．is touched　解析：考查动词时态和语态。句子缺少谓语部分，主语“She”与动词“touch”之间为被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故应填is touched。‎ ‎69．after　解析：考查连词。这里表示在分类之后作者甚至不需要洗手，强调动作的先后顺序，应填连词after。‎ ‎70．cities　解析：考查名词的数。根据前面的修饰词“several other”可知，应填名词的复数形式。‎ 三、短文改错 ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎　　 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(2017·贵州适应性测试)One day，Jack invites some friends to his home for 8‎ ‎ dinner.When none of his friends arrived，he asked them to sitting at the table.He began to count for the people in his mind while they having the delicious food.Suddenly，he cried out：“Oh, they are 13 people here！”Everybody’s face turned white except Mr Brown.He said slowly with the smile on his face：“Don’t be worry, dear friends! We have 14 people here.My wife will have a baby in a few weeks.She’s in the family now.”All of them became happy again.“Congratulations！”We said to Mr and Mrs Brown.They all had a wonderfully time that evening.‎ 答案：‎ One day，Jack some friends to his home for dinner.When of his friends arrived，he asked them to at the table.He began to count the people in his mind while they having the delicious food.Suddenly，he cried out：“Oh, are 13 people here！”Everybody’s face turned white except Mr Brown.He said slowly with smile on his face：“Don’t / ， dear friends! We have 14 people here.My wife will have a baby in a few weeks.She’s in the family now.”All of them became happy again.“Congratulations！” said to Mr and Mrs Brown.They all had a time that evening.‎ 四、七选五。‎ Traditional Chinese Culture Chinese culture is over 5，000 years old. 1.___________ ‎ The spirit of the tea ceremony Xihu Longjing （West Lake Dragon Well） and Yunnan Pu’er have long been world famous. 2.___________ The spirit of the Chinese tea ceremony captures the Chinese attitude towards life and spirituality. These are the things that people all over the world can benefit from.‎ A handful of good tea leaves with some boiling water and a set of lovely tea ware are the perfect way to spend a sunny afternoon and gain some insights into the wisdom of that ancient civilization.‎ ‎3.___________ ‎ During the 5，000 years of Chinese civilization， many different flavors， styles， and cuisines（烹饪） have developed， based on traditional philosophy and 8‎ ‎ culture. This ancient food culture has had a direct impact on the countries such as Japan， Mongolia， South Korea， Thailand， and Singapore. It has benefited billions of people around the world through innovations such as Chinese vegetarian culture， tea culture， vinegar， pasta， medicinal diets， ceramic tableware， and the use of soybeans in the diet.‎ Confucianism Confucianism emphasizes peacefulness and harmony between heaven and humanity， through pursuing the “Tao”， which is the harmonization between nature and mankind. It advocates harmony and moderation， including the harmony between individuals， as well as the harmony between a man and his inner self.‎ Confucianism has flourished during the last 2，500 years of China’s 5，000year history. 4.___________ This school of thought has had the most profound and long lasting influence in China’s history. Seventyfour Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have stated that for the benefit of mankind’s livelihood and development into the next century， these teachings should be promoted and adopted worldwide. 5.___________ ‎ A.Chinese cuisine B.Traditional Chinese culture C.It has been the mainstay of that ancient civilization.‎ D.They are pretty popular due to their superior color and flavor.‎ E.The following three items of traditional Chinese culture have had a worldwide impact.‎ F.This wonderfully rich food culture has also had an impact on Europe， America and Oceania.‎ G.This would provide long lasting benefits for man，helping to ensure a peaceful and happy life.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了中国特色传统文化。‎ ‎1.E　解析：承接上文“Chinese culture is over 5，000 years old.”并与下文介绍的三个传统文化的代表呼应，此处起承上启下的作用，导入本文所要介绍的主题：中国富有特色的传统文化。所以选E项。‎ ‎2.D　解析：承接上文“Xihu Longjing （West Lake Dragon Well） and Yunnan Pu’er have long been world famous.”，空处解释了茶文化流行的原因，所以选D项。‎ ‎3.A　解析：空处是本段的小标题，由下文的“During the 5，000 years of Chinese civilization， many different flavors， styles， and cuisines（烹饪） have 8‎ ‎ developed， based on traditional philosophy and culture.”可推知，本段主要讲的是中国的烹饪文化，所以选A项。‎ ‎4.C　解析：根据上文的“Confucianism has flourished during the last 2，500 years of China’s 5，000year history.”可推知，空处讲的是儒家思想在中国的重要地位，故选C项。‎ ‎5.G　解析：根据上文的“Seventyfour Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have stated that for the benefit of mankind’s livelihood and development into the next century”可知，儒家思想会给人类带来福祉，所以选G项。‎ 五、书面表达 ‎ ‎(2017·太原一模)假如你叫Mary，晚上要去参加你班同学的生日聚会。请你编一条微信发送给你的妈妈，详细告知以下内容：‎ ‎1．晚饭已做好；‎ ‎2．已帮她签收快递；‎ ‎3．邻居赵阿姨来电约她晚饭后去公园散步。‎ 参考词汇：快递员deliveryman；快递express parcel 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Mom，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Love，‎ Mary One possible version：‎ Dear_Mom，‎ I’m attending the birthday party of my classmate this evening，as you know.Before leaving, I have something to let you know.‎ Your express parcel arrived at four this afternoon, which is right on the sofa in the living room.Besides, I’ve prepared your favorite porridge for supper.Ten minutes ago, our next door neighbor Aunt Zhao called to invite you to go for a walk 8‎ ‎ with her in the park after supper.I suggest you walk a bit, for it will do you good.‎ Enjoy your dinner and have fun in the park!‎ I’ll be back before 10 p．m.‎ Love，‎ Mary 8‎