2020版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（5）（含解析） 9页

‎2019版高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空优练题（5）‎ 李仕才 Part A：完形填空 A I'm sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.‎ A woman is running in circles trying to gather family members together for a __1__.When the final moment comes before __2__，she wraps her arms around her son，giving him a __3__ hug that should protect him until he __4__.‎ I sit with a book in my hands，waiting my turn to leave __5__ because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine.‎ I think of other departures and arrivals.I __7__ seeing my daughter.I wrapped myself around her as if she'd been __8__.That year she was in her first year at university，coming home for the first time.‎ Today my flight is two hours late.When my flight is __9__ called，I gather my book and luggage.__10__ there is no one to see me off，I do not __11__ to see where I have come from.__12__，I think of my husband at work __13__ if I have left yet.‎ As I head towards the plane，I find myself __14__ yet another arrival and departure.That year，my 91yearold grandfather died.After returning from his funeral，I arrived at the airport __15__.My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms.Because of my tears，__16__ was looking at us，but I didn't __17__.‎ Life needs the important __18__ all the time.I wish that all the people who went on a __19__ could come back to find someone __20__ them.I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.‎ ‎1．A.lecture B．goodbye C．dinner D．party ‎2．A.gathering B．boarding C．announcing D．landing ‎3．A.powerful B．gentle C．warm D．common ‎4．A.leaves B．survives C．returns D．recovers ‎5．A.frightened B．anxious 9‎ C．relaxed D．alone ‎6．A.schedule B．attitude C．position D．target ‎7．A.imagine B．enjoy C．recall D．consider ‎8．A.stolen B．cheated C．lost D．punished ‎9．A.punctually B．finally C．abruptly D．repeatedly ‎10．A.Although B．While C．Till D．Since ‎11．A.slow down B．get off C．look back D．run away ‎12．A.However B．Besides C．Instead D．Therefore ‎13．A.doubting B．asking C．predicting D．wondering ‎14．A.remembering B．forgetting C．planning D．rejecting ‎15．A.shouting B．crying C．laughing D．whispering ‎16．A.someone B．everyone C．none D．anyone ‎17．A.care B．respond C．scold D．flee ‎18．A.arrival B．chance C．departure D．moment ‎19．A.journey B．diet C．picnic D．holiday ‎20．A.worrying about B．smiling at C．talking of D．waiting for ‎【解题导语】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。‎ ‎【核心词汇】depart vi.离开，出发　‎ 9‎ wrap one's arms around sb.用手臂搂住某人 ‎ wait one's turn to do sth.等着轮到某人做某事 ‎ think of想起，记起　recall doing sth.回忆起做某事 ‎ see sb.off为某人送行　at work在工作，起作用 ‎1．B　结合上文中出现的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。‎ ‎2．B　根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。‎ ‎3．A　结合下文中的“protect him”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。‎ ‎4．C　根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。‎ ‎5．D　根据空后的“because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。‎ ‎6．A　根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎7．C　结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。‎ ‎8．C　根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎9．B　结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。‎ ‎10．D　根据语境可知，“__10__ there is no one to see me off”和“I do not __11__ to see where I have come from”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。‎ ‎11．C　既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(look back)。slow down“放慢，减速”；get off“下车，离开”；run away“突然离开，逃离”。‎ ‎12．C　结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。‎ ‎13．D　参见上题解析。wonder if...“不知道是否……”符合语境，故选D。‎ ‎14．A　结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。‎ ‎15．B　结合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”； whisper“低语，悄声说”。‎ 9‎ ‎16．B　此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。‎ ‎17．A　虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。‎ ‎18．D　根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。‎ ‎19．A　根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他们。故选A。‎ ‎20．D　参见上题解析。‎ B ‎(2015·广西桂林一模)‎ The other day I was having a meal in an Italian restaurant when I got a phone call from a long lost friend.In my excitement I talked slightly __1__ than usual and in Spanish，my mother tongue.A few minutes into the __2__ the lady sitting at the table beside mine got up，seemingly __3__，and asked the restaurant staff to find for her another __4__ as far away as possible from me.I __5__ in my seat out of embarrassment，feeling the __6__ to go over and apologize.‎ I looked around and __7__ the lady was alone and staring out the window at the table furthest away from me.I was about to stand up when it hit me that she might prefer not to be __8__.Right then I __9__ my plans for a conventional apology and decided to conduct an experiment.Seeing those __10__ smile cards in my wallet I took one out.On signing my restaurant check I asked my waiter to __11__ charge the lady’s meal to my credit card and __12__ her a smile card instead of her bill.‎ When I was __13__ I told the staff I would be back in a few hours to pick up my credit card and close the bill.I returned later as I promised，excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment.To my pleasant surprise，things __15__ the best possible way.The restaurant staff happily approached me，telling me that in the many times she had had dinner there before __16__ had they seen the old lady smile and laugh like she did __17__ receiving the smile card and the $0 __18__.She thanked the staff __19__ they explained that someone else did the job.‎ To top it off，the staff asked me about the smile cards so as to conduct their own __20__.It was an interesting，fun experiment which may hopefully result in many more.‎ 9‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在饭店高声打电话时打扰到了一位女士，感觉过意不去，想过去给那位女士道歉。但意识到这位女士可能不愿被人打扰，于是作者想到了一个别出心裁的道歉方式：替她买单，并让服务员替自己给这位女士送一张笑脸卡片。没想到这种方式收到了出乎意料的效果。‎ ‎1．A.better B．more C．faster D．louder 解析：选D。考查副词辨析。根据句中“In my excitement”以及下句中“as far away as possible from me”可知，作者接到一个很久没联系过的朋友打来的电话，感到兴奋，所以说话声音比平时要大，导致邻桌的一位女士厌烦，换到了远离作者的位置。故选D项，意为“更响亮地，更大声地”。A项意为“更好”；B项意为“更多”；C项意为“更快”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎2．A.call B．speech C．quarrel D．saying 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据第一句中“when I got a phone call”及空格前“A few minutes into”可知，此处指作者打了几分钟的电话。故选A项，意为“电话联络”。B项意为“演讲”；C项意为“争吵”；D项意为“格言，谚语”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎3．A.tired B．worried C．annoyed D．confused 解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据空格后“asked the restaurant staff to find for her another ______ as far away as possible from me”以及第一段最后一句中“go over and apologize”可知，此处应指作者大声打电话让这位女士感到厌烦。故选C项，意为“恼怒的，生气的”。A项意为“疲惫的，厌倦的”；B项意为“担心的，着急的”；D项意为“困惑的”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎4．A.chair B．table C．room D．space 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据第一句中“in an Italian restaurant”以及第二段第一句中“staring out the window at the table furthest away from me”可知，这位女士要求换个餐桌。故选B项。‎ ‎5．A.hid B．lay C．sank D．took 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据句中“in my seat out of embarrassment”可知，由于感到尴尬，作者应是坐下来了。故选C项，意为“倒下，坐下”。A项意为“隐藏”；B项意为“躺，位于”；D项意为“拿，耗费”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎6．A.chance B．urge C．pity D．mistake 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据上文内容及空格后“go over and 9‎ ‎ apologize”可知，因为自己大声打电话的不礼貌行为让这位女士感到厌烦，所以作者觉得很有必要走过去向她道歉。故选B项，意为“强烈愿望，冲动”，符合句意。A项意为“机会”；C项意为“遗憾，同情”；D项意为“错误”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎7．A.spotted B．told C．heard D．recognized 解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据句中“looked around”可知，作者环顾四周后发现这位女士独自坐到了离自己最远的一张餐桌旁。故选A项，意为“看见，发现”。B项意为“告诉，辨别”；C项意为“听见”；D项意为“承认，辨认出”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎8．A.attracted B．watched C．noticed D．disturbed 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据第一段最后一句中“feeling the ______ to go over and apologize”和第二段第一句中“the lady was alone and staring out the window at the table furthest away from me”可知，作者想去给这位女士道歉，但看到她一个人坐在那里，凝视着窗外，作者突然意识到她可能不愿被别人打扰。因此选D项，意为“扰乱，打扰”。A项意为“吸引”；B项意为“观察”；C项意为“注意到”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎9．A.had B．made C．abandoned D．refused 解析：选C。 考查动词辨析。根据上句“I was about to stand up when it hit me that she might prefer not to be ______.”以及本句中“decided to conduct an experiment”可知，作者放弃了常规的道歉方式。故选C项，意为“放弃”。A项意为“有”；B项意为“制造，做”；D项意为“拒绝”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎10．A.funny B．useless C．expensive D．strange 解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。根据常识可知，“smile cards”(微笑卡)的特点应是有趣。故选A项，意为“有趣的，滑稽的”。B项意为“无用的”；C项意为“昂贵的”；D项意为“奇怪的”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎11．A.instantly B．secretly C．slightly D．freely 解析：选B。考查副词辨析。根据第三段最后一句“She thanked the staff ______ they explained that someone else did the job.”可知，作者没有让服务员告诉这位女士是自己替她付账的。由此可知，答案为B项，意为“秘密地”。A项意为“立刻”；C项意为“稍微，略微”；D项意为“自由地”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎12．A.draw B．buy C．drop D．hand 9‎ 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“her a smile card instead of her bill”和第三段倒数第二句中“______ receiving the smile card”可知，作者替这位女士结了账，并让服务员给她一张笑脸卡片而不是给她账单。故选D项，意为“传递，交给”。A项意为“绘画，吸引”；B项意为“买”；C项意为“放弃，使落下”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎13．A.going B．arriving C．leaving D．walking 解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据空格后“I told the staff I would be back”可知，此处应指作者离开时。故选C项，意为“离开”。A项意为“走，去”；B项意为“到达”；D项意为“步行”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎14．A.outcome B．effects C．rules D．situations 解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据句中“I returned”“excited to learn the ______ of the experiment”可知，作者再次回来一方面是结账，另一方面是想知道自己实施的道歉方式的结果如何。故选A项，意为“结果”，符合句意。B项意为“影响，效果”；C项意为“规则”；D项意为“情形，处境”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎15．A.worked out B．turned out C．went out D．figured out 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。根据上句中“excited to learn the ______ of the experiment”可知，本句话强调新颖的道歉方式所产生的结果。故选B项，意为“结果是，证明是”，符合句意。A项意为“解决，锻炼”；C项意为“外出，熄灭”；D项意为“计算出，想明白”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎16．A.ever B．even C．still D．never 解析：选D。考查副词辨析。分析句子结构可知，本句话使用了部分倒装形式。并结合句中“in the many times she had had dinner there before”可推知，此处指这位女士多次到这个饭店用餐，但饭店的服务员从未见她笑过。由此可知，答案为D项。表示否定意思的词或短语位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装结构。‎ ‎17．A.on B．to C．at D．with 解析：选A。考查介词辨析。句意为：……他们之前从来没见过这位女士像收到笑脸卡和0元账单时那样笑过。on doing是固定短语，意为“当……时，一……就……”，符合句意。故选A项。‎ ‎18．A.gift B．note C．check D．expense 9‎ 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据第二段最后一句中“charge the lady’s meal to my credit card”可知，作者替这位女士付了账。结合空格前“the $0”可知，此处指0元账单。故选C项，意为“账单，支票”。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“钞票，便条”；D项意为“费用，价钱”，都不符合句意。‎ ‎19．A.unless B．because C．as though D．even though 解析：选D。考查连词辨析。根据空格前后两部分“She thanked the staff”和“they explained that someone else did the job”可知，二者之间是转折让步关系。故选D项，意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。A项意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；C项意为“似乎，好像”，引导方式状语从句，都不符合句意。句意为：尽管服务员解释了这是别人做的，但这位女士还是感谢了他们。‎ ‎20．A.shops B．experiments C．businesses D．restaurants 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据最后一句中“may hopefully result in many more”可知，作者希望这样的做法会越来越多。由此可知，此处应指服务员询问作者笑脸卡的相关信息，他们也想模仿作者的这种做法。故选B项，与第二段第三句中“to conduct an experiment”相照应。‎ Part B：短文语法填空 If you read a newspaper or listen to a newscast (news report) recently, you may hear or read a strange word “staycation”.Staycation is 1.________ new word the American press (newspapers, radio, and television) is using 2.________ (describe) a vacation very close to your own home, 3.________ simply staying at home during your vacation. It is a 4.________ (combine) of the words “stay” and “vacation”.‎ According to many news reports, these staycations are very popular among American families this year. Why? The high price of gasoline for cars and airplanes has made it very expensive for Americans to travel 5.________ (compare) to past years. When you combine this with the weak American dollar, it all adds up to people deciding to stay close to home 6.________ their traditional summer vacations. Of course, some places are more 7.________ (interest) to “stay at home” than others. And if you live in a very small town, well, you may just want to skip your vacation and save your time up to next year!‎ 9‎ Everything is 8.________ (expense) nowadays, and let's face it — a vacation just may not be in your plan this year. You don't have to give up family fun just because you can't get away; instead, follow my tips for an economical staycation filled with old favorites and new adventures! Staycations 9.________ (achieve) high popularity in current hard economic times in which 10.________ (employ) levels and gas prices are high.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1．a　空格后的word为可数名词单数形式，new的读音以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，意为“一个单词”，故填a。‎ ‎2．to describe　分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to describe。‎ ‎3．or　空格前的“a vacation very close to your own home”和空格后的“simply staying at home during your vacation”之间是选择关系，故此处应填连词or。‎ ‎4．combination　根据空格前的冠词a可知，此处应为名词形式。combine 是动词，意为“结合，联合”，其名词形式为 combination。‎ ‎5．compared　分析句子结构可知，此处应用分词形式作状语。compared to ...意为“与……相比”，常在句中作状语。此处表示“与过去几年相比”，故填compared。‎ ‎6．during　此处表示“在他们传统的暑假期间”。during 意为“在……期间”，符合题意。根据第一段倒数第二句中的“during your vacation”也可推知答案。‎ ‎7．interesting　此处应用形容词作表语，主语为“some places”，此处指一些地方比另一些地方更有趣，适合待在家里。故填interesting。‎ ‎8．expensive　空格处应用形容词作表语，意为“如今所有东西都很贵”，故填expensive。‎ ‎9．have achieved　空格处在句中作谓语，本句句意：在当前的经济困难时期，居家旅游受到了人们的普遍欢迎。根据本句中的时间状语“in current hard economic times”和语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，因主语“Staycations”为复数，故填have achieved。‎ ‎10．unemployment　此处意为“在失业率和油价都很高的经济困难时期”，unemployment为名词，意为“失业”，符合语境。‎ 9‎