高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训48 9页

‎2014高考英语二轮阅读理解三月特训 Increased use of the Internet and mobile phones is undermining pupils' capacity for independent study and promoting poor grammar, it was claimed.‎ Cranfield School of Management found almost ‎6 in 10 schoolchildren were copying information directly from websites for homework tasks without properly reading it.‎ More than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice, even though they knew it was considered plagiarism (剽窃)．‎ The study, based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the Midlands, raised fresh concerns that modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.‎ Andrew Kakabadse, professor of International Management Development at Cranfield, said, “Our research shows that technology obsession prevents spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.”‎ ‎“Despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. The mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”‎ The report revealed that the socalled “textspeak” was increasingly finding its way into pupils' school work.‎ ‎3 in‎ 10 students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as “r u ok” in essays and classroom tasks.‎ It followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of teachers failed to understand some pupils' writing because it was so full of confusing language. Phrases such as “innit” and “Gr‎8”‎ were regularly found in school work, it was claimed.‎ The Cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pupils chose to ignore school rules on phones.‎ More than a third said they would use their mobile phones in class, while nearly three quarters said they would not even make an excuse to leave class to answer a phone call.‎ ‎1．The underlined word “undermining” in the first paragraph can best be replaced by “________”．‎ A．determining B．keeping C．weakening D．increasing ‎2．It can be inferred from what Kakabadse said that ________． ‎ A．he is in favour of students' mobile phone usage at school B．he believes schools are responsible for technology obsession C．the research finds a new way to improve school management D．it is hard to limit students' mobile phone usage at school ‎3．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．Most students' writing skills are becoming worse.‎ B．Text message language may affect pupils' language skills.‎ C．Students like to invent new words in their writing.‎ D．30% of pupils often send text messages when studying.‎ ‎4．The passage is mainly about ________．‎ A．the negative effect of technology on students' study B．technology's positive influence on students' achievement C．the importance of online social communication D．the rapidly growing role of communication technologies ‎5．What's the attitude of the author to the problem?‎ A．Optimistic. B．Approving.‎ C．Anxious. D．Tolerant.‎ ‎(一)‎ ‎【要点综述】使用互联网和手机的学生越来越多了，可是，科技不仅给学生们带来了便捷，也给他们的学习带来了很多不利影响。‎ ‎1．C　词义猜测题。根据第二、三段可知，靠照搬网上资料完成家庭作业，实际上是一种抄袭，会影响学生的独立学习能力。undermine是“逐渐损害，削弱”的意思，故此处可以用weakening来代替。‎ ‎2．D　推理判断题。根据第六段第一句的“…with the majority making calls from the toilets…”和第二句“The mobile phone…the school day.”可推断，限制学生在学校使用手机是很困难的。‎ ‎3．B　细节理解题。根据第七至九段可知，短信语言可能会给学生的语言技能带来不利影响。‎ ‎4．A　主旨大意题。文章的第一段就点明了中心“高科技的使用对孩子的学习有不好的影响”。故选A。‎ ‎5．C　观点态度题。从文章的字里行间可以看出，作者对学生使用高科技产品(诸如手机之类)持忧虑态度。故答案为C。‎ 阅读理解-----B In the United States, there were some well-constructed houses for native Indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.‎ In the eastern United States, one of the existing types was that commonly know under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived. The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather. Over the bark dried grass was added. A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. Doorways at each end served also as windows, The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages. The wall had only one opening, They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near.‎ Interestingly, the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the Iroquois Indians. The Choctaw Indians’ wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. The covering was made of a long, tough grass. A post in the centre supported the roof. A hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.‎ The tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles ‎ set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. It was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour.‎ The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes (部落) along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.‎ The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass. K^S*5U.C Apart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.‎ ‎( ) 1.Which of the following pictures shows the house for the Iroquois Indians？‎ ‎( ) 2. According to the passage, the Pawnee Indians built their houses _____.‎ A. with openings in the trunk walls B. large enough for several families ‎ C. in a ring shape with bark and mud D. by bending young trees to form the shape ‎( ) 3. All the native Indian houses described in the passage were_____. K^S*5U.C A. of the same shape B. covered with grass ‎ C. built with a post in the centre D. built with doorways at each end ‎ ‎( ) 4. The passage suggests that ________‎ A. all the native Indians built trunk walls all around their houses ‎ B. all the native Indian houses were built with poles tied together C. the Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their wigwams ‎ D. the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends ‎【语篇解读】本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述了美国的土著居民印第安人的房屋结构和建房特点，展示了美国当地人的居住文化。‎ ‎72.答案A。‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends……”可知，选项A符合题意。‎ ‎73.答案B。‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes…… housing a dozen families”可知，应选B项。‎ ‎74.答案B。‎ ‎【解析】细节理解题。文章中出现的grass是Indian tribes建造房屋所必不可少的东西。由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草盖着。由此可知B项正确 ‎75.答案C。K^S*5U.C ‎【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near”可以推断出the Iroquois Indians建造房屋的时候把自身的安全考虑在内了。因此可推断出C项 阅读理解---- (2011·湖北卷，D)‎ Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”‎ Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational，because he's carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He ‎ backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.‎ Here's how he explains his views.‎ ‎1)Shopping fuels invention It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off we'll be.‎ ‎2) Brilliant advances One reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food，clothing，fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In ‎1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today it's half second.‎ ‎3) Let's not kill ourselves for climate change Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.‎ 人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。‎ ‎9．What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book?‎ A．Weakness of human nature. B．Concern about climate change.‎ C．Importance of practical thinking. D．Optimism about human progress.‎ 答案：D。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows...”；另外，“this is what he's set out to prove...”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。‎ ‎10．How does Ridley look at shopping?‎ A．It encourages the creation of things. B．It results in shortage of goods.‎ C．It demands more fossil fuels. D．It causes a poverty problem.‎ 答案：A。细节判断题。从“Shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项A与之相吻合。‎ ‎11．The candle and lamp example is used to show that ________.‎ A．oil lamps give off more light than candles B．shortening working time brings about a happier life C．advanced technology helps to produce better candles D．increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods 答案：D。细节判断题。根据Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是一致的。‎ ‎12．What does the last sentence of the passage imply?‎ A．Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.‎ B．Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.‎ C．People's health is closely related to climate change.‎ D．Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.‎ 答案：B。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项A与C的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting... around our necks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项B是最正确的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(二)‎ If you want to know how crazy people can be about their pets, you might remember that Helmsley left $12 million to her little Maltese dog when she died.‎ The dog's name is Trouble. And apparently Trouble is still alive. Of course, I would hang on，too, if someone left me $12 million. Look! Topshelf dog food, soft pillows everywhere, drivers walking me in nice leafy parks. I would live to be ‎110 in dog years.‎ The dog's story is still fresh in my mind the other night when I leave a steak ‎ house after a superb meal. Then I notice a woman carrying a small bag out of the door behind me.‎ Once outside, she walks over to where a man is holding a tiny dog and it's a baby. The dog looks like a Maltese, too, barking and annoying, with a cute haircut.‎ And now I am treated to an absolute astonishing sight. Because now the woman reaches into the bag and begins pulling out little pieces of meat, which she puts on a plastic spoon and feeds to the dog.‎ This is no cheap steak house. It's_actually_way_out_of_my_league—I'm there only because it's a special occasion. I can tell you this: if I walked out of the place with any leftover steak, it sure wouldn't go to a dog. Not at those prices.‎ So now the woman is spoonfeeding the dog and the man is just standing there, holding this dog and looking as if this is the most normal thing in the world. And the dog is calmly chewing these pieces of steak as if he's a little king. And this dog is in no hurry. He's having a great time.‎ A few minutes go by, and now the dog finishes all of his steak. At this point, I hear the woman say to the man，“Think he's still hungry？” And she glances behind her at the restaurant, as if she might go back to get more steak for the dog.‎ Watching all this, I'm afraid I'm going to shout, “Are you out of your mind feeding all that pricey steak to that little dog? Do you see what our American life is like today? We're all going to be eating dog food if this keeps up！”‎ ‎1．Why does the author say he would live to be ‎110 in dog years?‎ A．Because he is always in poor health and falls ill.‎ B．Because a Maltese dog lives longer than a human being.‎ C．Because his grandparents left him a large sum of money.‎ D．Because he thinks the dog is treated extremely well.‎ ‎2．What is the story mainly about?‎ A．An American family's happy life.‎ B．A Maltese dog getting $12 million from its owner.‎ C．A New Yorker spending $ 8 billion for a few banks.‎ D．A pet dog being fed with expensive food.‎ ‎3．The underlined part “It's actually way out of my league” (in Para. 6) means “________”．‎ A．the restaurant is too expensive for the author B．the author hates the dog being taken there C．the superb restaurant is about to be out of service D．the dog doesn't belong to the author's group ‎4．Seeing the dog is being treated to expensive steak, the author becomes extremely ________．‎ A．indifferent B．annoyed C．concerned D．envious ‎(二)‎ ‎【要点综述】本文通过举例说明了在现在的美国社会里，很多宠物得到了超乎寻常的待遇。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Of course，I would hang on，too，if someone left me $12 million.Look！Topshelf dog food，soft pillows everywhere，drivers walking me in nice leafy parks.”可知这只狗的待遇非常好，让作者很羡慕，所以他才这样说。故D项正确。‎ ‎2．D　主旨大意题。文章讲述的是一个富人给一只狗吃昂贵的牛排的故事。故D项正确。‎ ‎3．A　推理判断题。根据本段“This is no cheap steak house.It's actually way out of my league—I'm there only because it's a special occasion.”可知这里的牛排很贵，超出了作者承受的范围。故A项正确。‎ ‎4．B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知作者很生气。故B项正确。‎