情态动词与虚拟语气高考强化易错题对比训练附详解 6页

情态动词与虚拟语气高考强化易错题对比训练附详解 ‎ ◆情态动词典型陷阱题分析◆‎ 1. ‎“Mike is often absent from class.” “Tell him he _____ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.” ‎ ‎ A. shall B. will C. would D. can ‎ (1) ‎“I promise that she _____ get a nice present on her birthday.” “Will it be a great surprise to her?” ‎ ‎ A. should B. must C. would D. shall ‎ 2. You _______ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important. ‎ ‎ A. cannot B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t ‎ 3. ‎“Is John coming by train?” “He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.” ‎ ‎ A. must B. can C. need D. may ‎ 4. ‎“I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.” “It ____ true because there was little snow there.” ‎ ‎ A. may not be B. won’t be C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be ‎ 5. ‎“Do you think he is lazy?” “I _____ so once, but I don’t now.” ‎ ‎ A. may have thought B. can have thought C. may think D. might think ‎ ‎6. You _____ be right, but I don’t think you are. ‎ ‎ A. can B. could C. must D. should ‎ ‎◆虚拟语气精编陷阱题训练◆ ‎ 1. ‎“I thought you wouldn’t mind.” “Well, as a matter of fact I don’t, but you _____ me first.” ‎ ‎ A. should ask B. should have asked C. must ask D. must have asked ‎ 2. ‎“I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn’t recognize her voice.” “Oh, it _____ my aunt Jean.” ‎ ‎ A. must be B. must have been C. might be D. can have been ‎ 3. That car nearly hit me; I ______. ‎ ‎ A. might be killed B. might have been killed C. may be killed D. may been killed ‎ 4. It’s a very kind offer, but I really _____ accept it. ‎ ‎ A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. don’t ‎ 5. The police still haven’t found her, but they’re doing all they _____. ‎ ‎ A. may B. can C. must D. will ‎ 6. You _____ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping. ‎ ‎ A. needn’t B. mightn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t ‎ 7. You _____ him the news; he knew it already. ‎ ‎ A. needn’t tell B. needn’t have told C. mightn’t tell D. mightn’t have told ‎ 8. As she’s not here, I suppose she _____ home. ‎ ‎ A. must go B. must have gone C. might go D. might be going ‎ ‎9. Are you still here? You ______ home hours ago. ‎ ‎ A. should go B. should have gone C. might go D. may have gone ‎ 10. ‎“I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn’t recognize her voice.” “Oh, it _____ my aunt Jean.” ‎ ‎ A. must be B. must have been C. might be D. can have been ‎ 11. I _______ have met him a long time ago. Both his name and face are very familiar. ‎ ‎ A. may B. can C. would D. should ‎ 13. ‎“Shall we go shopping?” “Sorry, we _______ buy anything now because none of the shops are open.” ‎ ‎ A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t ‎ 14. They often go to the restaurants for meals. They _____ be very poor. ‎ ‎ A. mustn’t B. can’t C. may not D. needn’t ‎ 15. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She ______ have spoken at the meeting. ‎ ‎ A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t ‎ 17. He ______ the test again, in which case, his mother will be very disappointed. ‎ ‎ A. might fail B. must have failed C. should fail D. could have failed ‎ 17. ‎“Why didn’t she come to the meeting yesterday?” “I’m not so sure. She ______ ill.” ‎ ‎ A. should be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been ‎ 18. Why did you just sit and watch? You _______ me. ‎ ‎ A. could help B. should help C. could have helped D. must have helped ‎ 19. ‎“You ______ your teacher for help. He is kind-hearted.” “Yes. A whole day _______.” ‎ ‎ A. can ask, will waste B. must have asked, had wasted ‎ ‎ C. could have asked, was wasted D. shouldn’t have asked, would be wasted ‎ 20. ‎“Is there a flight to London this evening?” “There _______ be. I’ll phone the airport and find it out.” ‎ ‎ A. must B. might C. would D. can ‎ 21. ‎“Show me your permit, please.” “Oh, it’s not in my pocket. It ______.” ‎ ‎ A. might fall out B. could fall out C. should have fallen out D. must have fallen out ‎ 22. ‎“Look at these tracks. It _______ be a wolf.” “Don’t be so sure. I think it _______ be a fox.” ‎ ‎ A. must; could B. may; might C. need; must D. could; need ‎ ‎24. “Did Jim come?” “I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.” ‎ ‎ A. might have come B. might come C. mush have come D. should have come ‎◆虚拟语气典型陷阱题分析◆ ‎ 1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now. ‎ ‎ A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing ‎ 2. ‎“It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.” ‎ ‎ A. He’d better give up drinking B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much ‎ ‎ C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so ‎ 3. ‎“Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.” ‎ ‎ A. do B. are C. will D. Would ‎4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.” ‎ ‎ A. will come B. is coming C. came D. had come (1) ‎“Shall I come tomorrow ?” “I’d rather you ______.” ‎ ‎ A. won’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t ‎ ‎(2) “I’ve told him about it.” “But I’d rather you ______.” ‎ ‎ A. didn’t B. hadn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t ‎ ‎(3) “He will take you as well.” “But I’d rather he ______.” ‎ ‎ A. won’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t ‎ ‎5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. ‎ ‎ A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on ‎ ‎(1) The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital. ‎ ‎ A. Wasn’t, wasn’t sent B. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sent C. Shouldn’t be, wasn’t sent D. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be sent ‎ ‎(2) The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free. ‎ ‎ A. should do, should be B. had done, should be C. had done, had been D. should do, had been ‎ ‎(3) I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then. ‎ ‎ A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling C. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel ‎ ‎6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. ‎ ‎ A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up ‎◆虚拟语气精编陷阱题训练◆ ‎ ‎1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.” ‎ ‎ A. do B. did C. had D. would ‎ 2. If I hadn’t been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done. ‎ ‎ A. don’t know B. hadn’t known C. wasn’t knowing D. wouldn’t know ‎ 2. ‎“I’ve told everyone about it.” “Oh, I’d rather you _____.” ‎ ‎ A. don’t B. hadn’t C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t ‎ 3. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we _____ there by tomorrow. ‎ ‎ A. can’t get B. won’t get C. hadn’t got D. wouldn’t get ‎ 4. ‎“Do you know his address?” “No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.” ‎ ‎ A. knew, live B. knew, lives C. know, lives D. know, lived ‎ 5. ‎“Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises?” “Yes, it is. Would you like to join us?” ‎ ‎ A. begin B. have begun C. began D. had begun ‎ 6. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. ‎ ‎ A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall ‎ ‎8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal. ‎ ‎ A.had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored ‎ 9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. ‎ ‎ A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie ‎ 10. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live. ‎ ‎ A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly ‎ 11. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later. ‎ ‎ A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said ‎ ‎12. You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired. ‎ ‎ A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got ‎ 13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. ‎ ‎ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken ‎ 14. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations. ‎ ‎ A. would have passed B. would pass C. wouldn’t have passed D. wouldn’t pass ‎2010年真题汇编 ‎ 1. ‎（全国I 29）. Just be patient .You_____________ except the world to change so soon. ‎ ‎ A. Can’t B. Needn’t C. may not D. will not ‎ 2. ‎（全国II 17）. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ____ see you now . He's busy. ‎ ‎ A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t ‎ 3. ‎（安徽卷32）. Jack descried his father, who _____a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man ‎ ‎ A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ‎ ‎4.（北京卷23）.---Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. ‎ ‎---Ah, good morning. You_______be Mrs. Peters. ‎ ‎ A. might B. must C. would D. can ‎ 5. ‎（北京卷34）. ----The weather has been very hot and dry. ----Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables_______ . ‎ ‎ A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died ‎ ‎6.（福建卷29）.Teachers recommend parents _______ their children under 12to ride bicycles to school for safety. ‎ ‎ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow ‎ 7. ‎（湖南卷29）. If he __________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. ‎ ‎ A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow ‎ 8.（湖南卷23）. You_________ buy a gift , but you can if you want to. ‎ ‎ A. must B. mustn’t C. have to D. don’t have to ‎ ‎9.（江苏卷25）. ---I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. ‎ ‎---Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday. ‎ ‎ A. could B. shall C. must D. may ‎ 10. ‎（江苏卷34). George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_____ more on its culture.‎ ‎ A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused ‎ ‎11.(江西卷23). I have told you the truth. _______I keep repeating it? ‎ ‎ A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ‎ ‎12.(辽宁卷26). Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. ‎ ‎ A. can B. will C. must D. may ‎ ‎13.（山东卷25）. I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams. ‎ ‎ A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t ‎ 14． ‎(陕西卷23). ----May I take this book out of the reading room? ----No, you_______ . You read it in here.‎ ‎ A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t ‎ 15. ‎(四川卷3). —_______I take the book out? —I'm afraid not. ‎ ‎ A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need ‎ ‎16（天津卷9）. Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. ‎ ‎ A.needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. could’t ‎ 17． ‎(天津卷15). ---- John went to the hospital alone. ---- If he _______ me about it, I would have gone with him. ‎ ‎ A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told ‎ 18. ‎(重庆卷 21).You_______ park here! It’s an emergency exit. ‎ ‎ A. Wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t ‎ 19. ‎(浙江卷17). "You __ have a wrong number," she said. "There's no one of that name here. " ‎ ‎ A. need B. can C. must D. would ‎ 20. ‎（浙江卷10）. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy_______.‎ ‎ A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved ‎ ‎21. ( 上海卷29). -- Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ‎ ‎ -- Oh, you _______ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. ‎ ‎ A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't ‎ ‎1. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】最佳答案选A。shall 用作情态动词主要有以下两个用法： (1) 用于疑问句中征求意见。如： Shall I help you? 要不要我帮帮你? Shall I open the window? 要我把窗子打开吗？ ‎ (2) 用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等(可用于各类人称)。如： You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。(表威胁) Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。(表规定) You shall hear everything as soon as you come. 你一来就可听到所有情况了。(表允 诺) (1) D. ‎ ‎2. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】最佳答案选A。cannot…too…是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能 太……，无论怎样……也不算过分，越……越……”。如： You can’t be too careful. 你越仔细越好。 You can’t praise the too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。 We cannot work too much for the people. 我们为人民做工作是不可能做过头的。 A woman cannot have too many clothes. 女人买的衣服再多也不算多。 注：有时也可用 can never, impossible 等与too连用来表示类似意思。如： It is impossible to get there too soon. 去那儿越早越好。 ‎ ‎3. 【陷阱】可能误选B或C。 【分析】最佳答案为D。may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不(会坐火车来)”。句中的 He should 为 He should come by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D。注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。 4. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】此题最佳答案为C，主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境 所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldn’t be，即选C。 答案选A。从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A。 ‎ ‎5. 答案选A。从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测， 故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A。 ‎ ‎6. You _____ be right, but I don’t think you are. A. can B. could C. must D. should 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】从语境上看，C、D不宜选，在剩下的A和B中，许多同学想当然地选了A， 认为整个句子为现在时态，所以选can，而不选过去式 could，但是最佳答案却是B而不是A。按照英语语法，情态动词can 用于推测表示可能性时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而不用于肯定句中；但 could 用于表推测时，却不仅可用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，且此时的 could 并不是 can 的过去式，与 can 也没有时间上的差别，只是 could 比 can语气更委婉，所以答案选B。注：can 在以下特殊情况下，也可用于肯定句。一是表示抽象的可能性，即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的，但是实际上未必会发生。如：Anyone can make mistakes. 任何人都可能会犯错误。二是后接“be (get, seem, become)＋形容词”，表示“有时会”、“时常会”等。如：My father can be very unreasonable. 我父亲有时候很不讲道理。 ◆精编陷阱题训练◆ ‎ ‎【答案与解析】 1. 选B。should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”，此处含有责备之意。 2. 选B。对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B。注： can 表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。 3. 选B。表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might + 动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能已经发生的事，则可用 may [might] + 动词完成式，如 He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。 4. 选C。由句意可知。 5. 选B。do all one can 意为“尽力”或“竭尽全力”。 6. 选C。mustn’t 在此相当于 can’t，且语气更强。 7. 选B。“needn’t + 动词完成式”的意思是：本来不必做某事，但实际上做了。上句意思是“你本来不必告诉他这个消息的，因为他(当时)已经知道了”。注意，句中 knew 为过去式。 8. 选B。must 后接动词完成式表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定已经做了某事”。 9. 选B。should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”。 10. 选B。对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可 确定答案为B。注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定句。 12. 选A。may have done sth 表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测，意为“可能曾经”。 13. 选C。根据上下文的语境推知。can’t 意为“不能”。 14. 选B。根据上下文的语境推知。can’t 表推测，意为“不不能”。 16. 选D。couldn’t have done sth 表示对过去情况进行推测，意为“过去不可能发生过某情况”。 17. 选A。根据下文的 will be 可知，“他考试再不及格”是将来的事，据此可排除B和 D。再根据语意，排除C。 18. 选D。从时间上看，由于是昨天没来开会，所以推测他生病也应指昨天，故排除A 和C。从语境上看，既然上文说 I’m not so sure，那么说明说话者对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选D。 19. 选C。根据上文的过去时态可知，此句谈的是过去的事，故排除A和C。根据语境排除D。 20. 选C。couldn’t have done sth 结构在此表示责备，指过去本来可以做某事但实际上 未做。第二空填 was wasted，陈述的是过去的一事实。 21. 选B。根据下文的 I’ll phone the airport and find it out 可知，说话人对自己的推测没 有很大把握，故选 might。若选A，语气太强，不合语境；若选D，不合语法习惯，因为can 表推测通常不用于肯定陈述句中。 22. 选D。既然“通行证现在不在口袋里”，那么它“掉出去”应发生在过去，故排除A和 B。比较选项C和D所表示的意思，选D更恰当。 24. 选A。根据 Don’t be so sure 可知前面一空应填must。第二空填的could表示推测， 虽为过去式形式，但表示现在意义，语气较委婉，它与表推测的 can 主要用于否定句和疑问句不同，它可以用于肯定陈述句。 25. 选A。根据句中有关时态可知“他来”发生在过去，故排除B；根据 I don’t know 可 知选项C语气太肯定，不合适；选项D的意思是“本来应该来”，与语境不合。 虚拟语气考点 1. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 ‎ ‎【分析】正确答案选B。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了）。 2 . 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。 【分析】最佳答案为D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既 然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D。 3. 【陷阱】容易误选A或C。选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其 后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。 【分析】此题最佳答案为D。分析如下： (1) “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“……也一样”时。如： He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。 When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。 (2) 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气（这是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D。 4. 【陷阱】容易误选A或B。根据上文的 He will come tomorrow ‎ 以及下文的时间状语 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应填一个一般将来时态。 【分析】但此题的最佳答案是 C。按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓 语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。又如： I’d rather you left right now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。 I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿这事被遗忘掉。 I’d rather he hadn’t told me about it. 我宁愿他没告诉我这事。 (1) B (2) B (3) B 5 . 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】最佳答案选 D。insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气， 有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选D最合适。 (1) B (2) B (3) B 6. 【陷阱】容易误选 D。 【分析】正确答案应选B。之所以不能选D，是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是 would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是 had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。 另外，当虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略 if，并将 had, should, were 提前置于 句首。又如： Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down.= If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他们停止做广告，价钱会降下来。 Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion.= If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我会把那场面拍摄下来了。 ◆精编陷阱题训练◆ 【答案与解析】 ‎ ‎1. 选B。It’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。 2. 选A。虽然前有虚拟条件句, 后有使用了虚拟语气的宾语，但 I don’t know 却宜用一般现在时，因为 I don’t know 表述的是现在的真实情况，句意为“我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知(指现在不知)我会做出什么蠢事来”。 3. 选B。I’d rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示过去。 4. 选A。we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。 5. 选B。第一空填 knew，因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(即用过去式表示现在的想法)；第二空要填lives，即用陈述语气，因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实，而不是 I wish 的内容。 6. 选C。It’s time… / It’s high time… / It’s about time… 等后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式。 7. 选 B。此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。 8. 选 D。这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D。 9. 选 C。if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C。 10. 选 A。without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。 11. 选 D。otherwise 在此相当于 if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。 12. 选 D。根据句中的 didn’t let me drive 可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句，条件句的谓语用 had+过去分词，主句谓语用 would / should / could / might have+过去分词。 13. 选 C。as if 引导的句子，有时用虚拟语气，有时不用。原则上说，若指事实或可 能为事实，不用虚拟语气；若指现在，从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 用 were)；若指过去用过去完成时，若指将来用过去将来时或用 were to do sth。又如下面一题要选 C： It seems as if the sun ____ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west. A. circles B. is circling C. were circling D. has been circling 14. 选C。but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出与事实相反的假设，通常与虚 拟语气连用。根据句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示与过去事实相反，故选C。‎