2020年高考英语模拟卷及答案解析（十） 35页

2020 年高考英语模拟卷及答案解析（十） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Metropolis Book Club Membership: All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us. Special offers for new members: As a special offer, you may choose any reduced-price books from our new members’ book list, to the value of 100 yuan in total. Tick the box on your form to order a free watch. Join before the end of this month and you receive another free book carefully chosen by our staff. Order an audio-book from the many on offer, at half the recommended retail price. When you’ve joined: As a member you get around 50% off the publisher’s price of every book you buy, and what’s more, they come straight to your door. Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest best-sellers we’ve added to our list. On the Internet, you can find all our titles for the year at our exclusive members’ website. Our website also has a book swap service where members can request or offer books for exchange. Being a member: All you have to do is order four books during your first year. After that, you can decide on the number of books you wish to take. In each of your monthly club magazines, our experienced staff choose a “ Book of the Month ” for you, which is offered at an extra-special price. If you do not want this book, just say so in the space provided on the form and send it back to us. We always send the book if we do not receive this form. Once we receive your order, your books are delivered within one week. And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they aren’t what you expected just send them back! 1. How can you become a member of the Metropolis Book Club? A. By ordering a watch free of charge. B. By sending the advertisement to the club. C. By choosing books with special prices. D. By returning the completed order form. 2. What information does the monthly magazine give members? A. The percentage saved on each book. B. The names of all the books sold by the club. C. The list of the newest books available to buy. D. The books that can be swapped by club members. 3. What can we infer from the last part of the passage? A. At least four books should be bought each year. B. Members can look at the books before they buy them. C. Members need to buy the “Book of the Month”. D. The more books bought, the higher the member’s grade. 【答案】 DCB 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍如何成为都市图书俱乐部的会员，以及成为会员有哪些优势。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Membership:All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.” 你所要做的 就是填写下面的订单，从我们的书单中选择你的第一个订单，然后把填妥的 表格寄回给我们。分析内容可知填写订单并寄给他们就可成为会员，分析选 项可知 D 项符合题意。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Being a member 中的“In each of your monthly club magazines, our experienced staff choose a “Book of the Month” for you, which is offered at an extra-special price.”每一期月刊杂志， 有经验的员工会选择一本“当月之书”（每月刊最好的）给你，它是以特别 价格提供的。“Book of the Month”即 the newest books 。分析选项可 知 C 项符合题意。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they aren’t what you expected just send them back!”你有两周的时间来 决定是否保留你所订购的书。如果他们不是你所期望的，就把他们送回去！ 分析句意可知，收到书后在两周之内如果觉得不是你想要的书可退回，可知 会员可以在买之前看到书的。分析选项可知 B 项符合题意，故选 B。 B Mary Anning was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist(古生物学家). Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world. Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made. In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur(鱼龙). Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray. Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors. Mary Anning died inl847. How evolution(进化)works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began. 4. Why did Mary’s father take his children along the beach? A. To enjoy life. B. To make a living. C. To look for fossils. D. To teach them about fossils. 5. What can we learn about Mary? A. Her father was a paleontologist. B. Her father educated her at home. C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all. D. She might be popular at that time. 6. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil? A. Charles Darwin. B. Mary ’ s dog. C. Mary. D. Joseph. 7. What does the underlined word "crumble" in the fourth paragraph means ? A. break B. shake C. float D. dive 【答案】 BDDA 【文章大意】 这是一篇人物传记。短文叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽·安 宁的故事。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段“Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，1799 年 5 月 21 日，玛丽出生于英国一个 贫穷的家庭。玛丽的父亲经常带着他的孩子们沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石 头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“ Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors”可知，科学家写信要来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商 店出售化石、石头和贝壳且与到访的游客聊一些关于化石的信息。所以通过 关键词“ Scientists wrote letters and came to see her ，She chatted with visitors”可以判断出，在那个时候她很有名，很受欢迎。故选 D 项。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段“in 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，1811 年， 当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所 以约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 词句猜测题。由第四段“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.可知，暴风雨过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石 变得碎裂，很容易发现化石。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出第四段加下划 线的“crumble”是 break“破裂”的意思。故选 A 项。 C The Ig Nobel awards are usually known as the "Igs" and are given out every year at around the same time as the real Nobel awards. The "Igs" are given for achievements that "make people laugh, and then make them think". The name "Ig Nobel" is a language joke. "Nobel" sounds like "noble" -- meaning "very honored". And Ig Nobel sounds like "ignoble" meaning the opposite of noble --- that is, "not honored,." According to Marc Abrahars, who co-founded the award in 1991, "Most prizes, such as Nobel Prize, reward the goodness of the people who receive them. These prizes are meant to honor the extremes of humanity-those whose achievements should be seen as very good." "The Ig Nobel Prize isn’t like that. The Ig honors the great confusion in which most of us exist much of the time. Life is confusing. Good and bad get all mixed up. If you win an Ig, it shows that you have done something. What that thing is may be hard to explain. But the fact is, you did it, and have been recognized for doing it." The Nobel science prizes encourage us to think that all over the world great discoveries are being made that will do good to the whole world. But real science is not like that. The main job of science is to find out what is not true. This leads people into areas of research that seem completely senseless. Why did a team of Japanese scientists spend months trying to teach birds to enjoy the paintings of Picasso? Why did a Norwegian biologist start a project to encourage insects to drink beer? It is hard to say. But it won them all an Ig. Sometimes science tells us things that we don’t want or need to know. We don’t want to know that falling in love and going mad are exactly the same as far as the brain is concerned. And we don’t really need to know that worrying about money can cause tooth disease. Only the Ig award brought these great achievements to our attention. 8. What does the underlined word "that" in the 3rd paragraph refer to? A. The prize meaning noble and honored. B. The owners who are rare and talented. C. The achievement seen as very good. D. The biggest confusion in our life. 9. What’s the author’s attitude to Ig Nobel awards? A. He thinks it’s a foolish award. B. He believes it’s a funny joke. C. He disapproves of its purpose. D. He approves of its ideas. 10. Why are there researches that seem completely senseless? A. People need to make great discoveries. B. People are encouraged by the great honor C. People love both birds and Picasso’s works. D. People want to know about the truth in life. 11. The main difference between the Ig Nobel awards and the Nobel prize lies in ________. A. how science should be made use of B. how science should be thought of C. how science should be developed D. how science should be studied 【答案】 CDDB 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了搞笑诺贝尔奖的相关的信息，包括它的意义， 创立的时间，创建者，这个奖项颁给哪些人以及和真正的诺贝尔奖的区别。 【8 题详解】 词句猜测题。由第二段和第三段“ These prizes are meant to honor the extremes of humanity-those whose achievements should be seen as very good."The Ig Nobel Prize isn’t like that.”可知，这些奖项是为了表 彰那些为人类做出奉献的人——他们成就应该被视为人类的精华。搞笑诺贝 尔奖不是这样的。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第三段加下划线的 “that”是指被认为优秀的成就。故选 C 项。 【9 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 最 后 段 “ Only the Ig award brought these great achievements to our attention”可知，只有搞笑诺贝尔奖让我们注意到 了这些伟大的成就。所以通过关键词“only，great achievements”可以 判断出，作者对搞笑诺贝尔奖持支持的态度。故选 D 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“ But real science is not like that. The main job of science is to find out what is not true. This leads people into areas of research that seem completely senseless”可知，但真正的科 学不是这样的。科学的主要任务是找出什么是不正确的。这导致人们进入了 一些看起来毫无意义的研究领域。所以为什么有些研究看起来毫无意义是因 为人们想知道生活中的真相，而不是想知道全世界都在进行着伟大的发现。 故选 D 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“The Nobel science prizes encourage us to think that all over the world great discoveries are being made that will do good to the whole world. But real science is not like that. The main job of science is to find out what is not true.”可知，诺贝尔科学奖 鼓励我们这样想:全世界都在进行着伟大的发现，这些发现造福于全世界。所 以通过诺贝尔将和搞笑诺贝尔将所关注的不同方面可以判断出，搞笑诺贝尔 奖和诺贝尔奖的主要区别在于如何看待科学。故选 B 项。 D If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a "lesson" in sorting garbage, as the city recently introduced new garbage-sorting regulations. It’s now required that people should sort garbage into four categories, namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan. More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai. By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems will have been built in 46 major Chinese cities, including Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People’s Daily. According to a study by the Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy, under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment. However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are adequately sorting their trash, the study noted. According to Xinhua News Agency, it ’ s partly because many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. In the past, some previous garbage regulations didn ’ t give clear fines for people who failed to sort garbage. "It ’ s a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage sorting." Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University, told China Daily. He also added "the importance of the new regulations in Shanghai is to change the past voluntary action into compulsory action for everyone" Aside from China, many other foreign countries have also introduced garbage-sorting regulations. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill, reported Xinhua. There is a fixed time for disposal of each kind of garbage and littering can result in high fines and even jail time. In Germany too, people are asked to sort waste into specific categories, reported HuffPost. For example, in Berlin, people have yellow bins for plastic and metals and blue bins for paper and cardboard. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. Poisonous waste belongs to four categories in sorting. B. People will be fined not less than 200 yuan. C. All the cities use the same regulations as Shanghai. D. Shanghai works as a pioneer in garbage sorting. 13. Which statement is true according to the passage? A. Garbage-sorting system have been built in 46 major cities. B. Not all the public attach importance to garbage sorting. C. People aren’t fined clearly if they fail to sort garbage now. D. People may be put in prison because of littering in Germany. 14. What can be inferred from Liu Jianguo’s words? A. He thinks highly of the legal regulations in garbage sorting. B. The sorting action should be changed from compulsory to voluntary. C. Legal guarantee is a must to promote garbage sorting. D. There is a growing concern over garbage sorting worldwide. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Shanghai Puts Garbage-sorting Into Practice B. Regulations Are of Great Importance C. Garbage Is Hard to Recycle Appropriately D. Cities Get Serious About Waste 【答案】 DBAD 【文章大意】 这是一篇新闻报道。上海市正式实施《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》，至今已 经如火如荼地开展一段时间了，之后北京等 46 个重点城市也即将加入垃圾 分类的行列。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a "lesson" in sorting garbage, as the city recently introduced new garbage-sorting regulations. It’s now required that people should sort garbage into four categories, namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan”可知，如果你生活在上海， 你或许得上“一堂垃圾分类课”，因为该市近期出台了全新的垃圾分类条例。 如今，人们需要将垃圾分成“可回收物、有害垃圾、干垃圾、湿垃圾”四大 类。混合投放垃圾最高可要处以 200 元罚款。所以我们能从第一段中学到上 海是垃圾分类的先驱。故 D 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段“over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment” 可知，超过 90%的大众认为垃圾分类对环境保护是重要的。所以 B 选项“并 不是所有的公众都重视垃圾分类”正确。故选 B 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“ He also added "the importance of the new regulations in Shanghai is to change the past voluntary action into compulsory action for everyone”可知，上海这项新条例的重要之 处在于将过去的自愿行为变为每个人的必修课。所以从刘建国的话中我们可 以推断出，他高度评价了垃圾分类的法律规定。故选 A 项。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段“If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a "lesson" in sorting garbage, as the city recently introduced new garbage-sorting regulations. By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems will have been built in 46 major Chinese cities, including Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People’s Daily”可知，上海市正式实 施《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》，至今已经如火如荼地开展一段时间了，之 后北京等 46 个重点城市也即将加入垃圾分类的行列。所以短文的最佳标题 为“上海垃圾分类时代已至，其他城市还远吗”。故选 D 项。 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Customs on either side of the Atlantic We all know that Britain and the US are two countries connected by a common language. But in fact, ___16___. as BBC did in a recent story called 8 Situations When Britons Behave Differently From Americans. Below Teens has picked out four for you. Take a look. When someone knocks into you. If someone bumps into an American, the victim will most likely look the accidental aggressor in the face and expect an apology. If however, ___17___. chances are that the victim will say "sorry" before the other can make his or her own apology. __18___ Britons don’t all change into evening dress for supper like what you may have seen in popular TV shows like Downton Abbey. But they do tend to make an effort when going out for dinner somewhere nice. Americans, however, will probably wear a casual shirt to a fancy eatery. When you doift finish your food. When dining out at a restaurant, ___19___ They think the food is somehow "tainted" once they’ve poked at it with a knife and fork. In the US, wrapping it up to take home is a standard practice. When you get into a taxi. Britons will give the cab driver an address, then assume that’s it for the interaction until it’s time to pay. Even if they’re being taken in a roundabout way, ___20___ In the US, however, most passengers think nothing of telling the driver what route to take after telling him or her the destination. A. When you get dressed for dinner B. When you go out with your friends C. the differences are more fun to observe D. they’re very unlikely to say anything E. the victim happens to be British F. Britons wouldn’t think to take the leftovers home G. they will point it out immediately and politely 【答案】 CEAFD 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了英国和美国的风俗习惯。 【16 题详解】 由“We all know that Britain and the US are two countries connected by a common language. But in fact, ___16___. as BBC did in a recent story called 8 Situations When Britons Behave Differently From Americans”可知，众所周知，英国与美国因为使用同一种语言而有诸多相 似之处。近日，BBC 就刊登了一篇文章，题为“八种情境：英美人的不同表 现”。所以小题 1 既要与上文为转折关系，又要承接下文。故 C 选项“探寻 英美文化间的差异更加有趣”切题。故选 C 项。 【17 题详解】 由“chances are that the victim will say "sorry" before the other can make his or her own apology.”可知，他们则很可能会在撞人者开口道歉 之前先说“对不起”。所以小题 2 是条件状语从句的从句，说明如果被撞的 碰巧是英国人，他们则很可能会在撞人者开口道歉之前先说“对不起”。且 话题一致。故 E 选项“如果被撞的碰巧是英国人”切题。故选 E 项。 【18 题详解】 由“Britons don’t all change into evening dress for supper like what you may have seen in popular TV shows like Downton Abbey. But they do tend to make an effort when going out for dinner somewhere nice. Americans, however, will probably wear a casual shirt to a fancy eatery.”可知，享用晚餐时，英国人虽然不会像热门英剧 《唐顿庄园》中那样人人身着晚礼服，但在去高级餐厅就餐时也会在穿着上 颇下一番功夫。而美国人则可能穿一件休闲衬衫就出入高级餐馆。所以本段 主要在说晚宴穿什么也就是小题 3本段的标题所要说明的内容。故A选线“晚 宴穿什么”切题。故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 由“When dining out at a restaurant, ______ They think the food is somehow "tainted" once they’ve poked at it with a knife and fork.” 可知，外出就餐时，因为在他们看来食物一旦被刀叉“染指”后便被“玷污” 了。所以小题 4 要补充出时间状语从句的主句，也要承接下文。故 F 选项“英 国人不会将剩饭剩菜打包带走”切题。故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 由“Even if they’re being taken in a roundabout way”可知，甚至在 看见司机绕路时。所以该小题要补充是让步状语从句的主句，说明甚至在看 见司机绕路时，会怎么办。故 D 选项“他们也会一言不发 ”切题。故选 D 项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 (共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 I have invented robots that crawl through pipes to inspect them for damage. Two of my___21___allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels. I___22___building things when I was a kid. It wasn’t until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became___23___about inventing. When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a___24___.We had to write to write to a company and learn about the__25___it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. Thomas A. Edison Company was the priority on my___26___ Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman___27___a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I___28___reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that___29___me most were movie cameras, sound recorders and the electric light. Edison became my hero. My dad noticed my___30___for inventing and inspired me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and___31___into new things. Together, my dad and I___32___radios and televisions. Once, I surprised my dad with a tool to __33___the brakes of our car. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That when I learned that___34___inventors often invent similar things. It is not___35___for this to happen. I learned, too, that not all great ideas turn out practical.___36___is. a common part of the inventing process As my father and I worked together, I began to___37___that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands,___58___with my interest in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. But I am__39___to Thomas Edison, too, for first___40___that bulb inside me. 21. A. approaches. B. experiments C. inventions D. conclusions 22. A. ran across B. took up C. figured out D. turned around 23. A. skeptical B. confident C. hopeless D. excited 24. A. project B. lesson C. surprise D. present 25. A. decisions B. products C. orders D. reports 26. A. program B. letter C. show. D. list 27. A. opened B. offered C. delivered D. lent 28. A. enjoyed B. minded C. avoided D. hated 29. A. worried B. impressed C. reminded D. alarmed 30. A. value B. urge C. benefit D. passion 31. A. finally B. luckily C. typically D. regularly 32. A. received B. bought C. repaired D. deserted 33. A. adjust B. search C. swing D. shut 34. A. young B. different C. great D. unusual 35. A. reasonable B. improper C. practical D. unusual 36. A. Imagination B. Failure C. Happiness D. Wealth 37. A. hope B. suggest C. realize D. consider 38. A. satisfied B. compared C. related D. combined 39. A. grateful B. addicted C. appealing D. equal 40. A. permitting B. operating C. lighting D. creating 【答案】 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. C 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。作者从小对发明产生兴趣，通过做学习课题任务，他更加 热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下，他最终成了一名发明家。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的两项发明允许汽车被用作车轮上的发电厂。 A. approaches 方式；B. experiments 实验；C. inventions 发明；D. conclusions 结论。根据第一句中的 have invented robots 及下文内容可 以看出 inventions 在此处符合语境。故选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我小时候就对修建事物很感兴趣。A. ran across 偶然遇到； B. took up 拿起；对……产生兴趣；C. figured out 弄清楚；D. turned around 转身。联系下文可以看出作者从小就喜欢发明。take up 在 这里是“对……产生兴趣”的意思。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到我了解了托马斯·爱迪生，我才真正对发 明感到兴奋。 A. skeptical 怀疑的；B. confident 自信的；C. hopeless 绝望的；D. excited 激动的；活跃的。根据下文 Edison became my hero 及文章结尾处作者将自己的进步归于爱迪生对他的启迪可知，他自了解爱迪 生后就对发明感到兴奋了。故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我四年级的时候，老师给我们布置了一个课题。 A. project 项目；课题；B. lesson 课程；C. surprise 惊喜；D. present 礼 物。根据下文学生需要给一家公司写信，等收到公司寄回的产品介绍后，每 名学生要在全班同学面前做一个报告可知，这是学校里老师分配给学生做的 课题，project 符合语境。故选 A。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须写信给一家公司，了解它生产的产品。 A. decisions 决定；B. products 产品；C. orders 订单；D. reports 根据下 文 作 者 收 到 的 包 裹 中 有 movie cameras, sound recorders and the electric light 可知此处指了解公司产品。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：托马斯爱迪生公司是我的首选。A. program 程 序；B. letter 信；C. show 展示；D. list 列表。由下文作者收到了爱迪生公 司寄来的书可知这家公司在作者心中的榜单上是首选。故选 D。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给公司写了信后不久，我们的邮递员就给我送 来了一个包裹。A. opened 打开；B. offered 提供；C. delivered 递送；D. lent 借。由 mailman 可知 delivered 符合语境，这里是派送包裹的意思。 故选 C。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢反复阅读有关爱迪生发明的书籍! A. enjoyed 享受；喜欢；B. minded 介意；C. avoided 避免；D. hated 憎 恨。作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢反复阅读有关爱迪生发明的书。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：给我印象最深的是电影摄影机、录音机和电灯。 A. worried 担心；B. impressed 印象深刻；打动；C. reminded 提醒；D. alarmed 报警。这些发明中，最打动作者让其印象深刻的就是电影摄影机、 留声机和电灯。故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲注意到了我对发明的热情，并启发了我。 A. value 价值；B. urge 欲望；C. benefit 利益；D. passion 激情；热情。 根据下文爸爸鼓励作者发明创造可知爸爸察觉到了作者对于发明的热情。故 选 D。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他教我如何把想法变成计划，最后变成新事物。 A. finally 最终；B. luckily 幸运地；C. typically 典型的；D. regularly 定期 地。根据 ideas，plans 及 new things 这一变化过程可知 finally 符合语境。 故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和爸爸一起修理收音机和电视机。A. received 收到；B. bought 购买；C. repaired 修理；D. deserted 遗弃。根据下文 作者发明出一种工具可判断作者一开始先和爸爸修理收音机和电视机。故选 C。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我用工具调整汽车的刹车，让我爸爸大 吃一惊。A. adjust 调整；B. search 搜索；C. swing 摇摆；D. shut 关闭。 作者发明了一种工具，可对汽车的刹车进行调节。故选 A。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我知道不同的发明家经常发明相似的东西。 A. young 年轻的；B. different 不同的；C. great 伟大的；D. unusual 不 同寻常的。由上下文语境及 similar 提示可知，此处 different 符合语境。故 选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种情况很常见。A. reasonable 合理的；B. improper 不合适的；C. practical 实际的；D. unusual 不同寻常的。作者 在学习发明的过程中了解到，不同的发明家发明类似的东西，这种情况很常 见。故选 D。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：失败是发明过程中常见的一部分。A. Imagination 想象力；B. Failure 失败；C. Happiness 幸福；D. Wealth 财富。根据上一 句 I learned, too, that not all great ideas turn out practical.可知不是 所有的好主意都能实现，因此 Failure 符合语境。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和父亲一起工作时，我开始意识到我父亲本 身就是一个了不起的发明家。A. hope 希望；B. suggest 建议；C. realize 意识到；D. consider 考虑。作者在和爸爸合作的过程中意识到爸爸也是一 位发明家。故选 C。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的指导，加上我对发明的兴趣，使我成为一名 工程师和发明家。A. satisfied 使满意；B. compared 比较；C. related 相 关；D. combined 结合。爸爸的指导，加上我对发明的兴趣，使我成为了 一位工程师和发明家。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我也要感谢托马斯·爱迪生，是他第一次点 燃 了 我 内 心 的 灯 泡 。 A. grateful 感 激 的 ； B. addicted 上 瘾 的 ； C. appealing 吸引人的；D. equal 平等的。作者内心很感激爱迪生对他的启 发。grateful 符合语境。故选 A。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我也要感谢托马斯·爱迪生，是他第一次点燃 了我内心发明的那盏灯。A. permitting 允许；B. operating 操作；C. lighting 点亮；D. creating 创造。是爱迪生第一个点燃了作者内心发明的那盏灯。 lighting 符合语境。故选 C。 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a very ___41____ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great heritage sites well reserved. Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West Lake ____42____ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou as well as one of the most beautiful ____43____ (sight) in China. West Lake has all along been praised as a sparkling pearl. If you want to enjoy ____44____ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sight you need to see. The sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of it. There is a saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal ____45____ the rainy West Lake, and the rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night. At last there is a love tale ____46____ happened at West Lake. It is said that a white snake changed into a beautiful lady, who ___47____ (call) Bai Suzhen. She was willing to repay Xu Xian for ____48____ (save) her life 500 years ago. Then she married him, living together ___49____ (happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen was shut in the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance ____50____ (meet) again. 【答案】 41. important 42. is 43. sights 44. the 45. to 46. which 47. was called 48. saving 49. happily 50. to meet 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了自己的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。 【41 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：杭州在中国历史上扮演了一个非常重要的角色，所以它 有很多很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词 role 应用形容词，故填 important。 【42 题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最 美的风景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词 West Lake，谓语用单数，且描述 客观事实用一般现在时，故填 is。 【43 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意同上。由前面的 one of the 可知后跟复数名词表示“…… 其中之一”，故填 sights。 【44 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如果你想欣赏整个西湖，你需要看三种景观。此处 the 是 定冠词，表示特指，修饰 whole West Lake。故填 the。 【45 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意: 有句话说，阳光充足的西湖并不等于多雨的西湖，多 雨的西湖也 不如夜晚的西湖美丽。此处 be equal to 是固定短语，意思是 “与……相等”。故填 to。 【46 题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：最后有一个爱情故事，发生在西湖。此处 which 是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 tale，在从句中做主语， 故填 which。 【47 题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：据说，白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士，她叫白素贞。此 处句子主语是 who，指的是 lady，与 call 是被动关系，故用被动语态，且 事情发生在过去应用一般现在时，主语为 a beautiful lady，故填 was called。 【48 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她愿意报答五百年前许仙救了她的命。此处作介词 for 的宾语应用动名词。故填 saving。 【49 题详解】 考查副词。句意：然后她嫁给了他，幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词 living 应用副词，故填 happily。 【50 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：白素贞被关在了雷峰塔，这对夫妇再也没有机会见面 了。固定短语 have chance to do sth.的意思是“有机会做某事”。故填 to meet。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作 文:文中 共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的 增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧ ),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 I received a handwritten letter from the friend last week. I got one or two when I was a child but I ever expected to receive one again. In this rapid changing world, in most case we use social media to keep in touch. The letter reminds me that written letters still exist. People today are connected more, and the pictures I post on our social media are widely viewed by people. However, letters are represent a slow pace and allow us control what we tell our friends. On this way, our conversations don't involve so many things, but the slow pace makes the contact long-lasting. I received a handwritten letter from the friend last week. I got one or two when I was a child a but I ever expected to receive one again. In this rapid changing world, in most case we use social never rapidly cases media to keep in touch. The letter reminds me that written letters still exist. People today are reminded connected more, and the pictures I post on our social media are widely viewed by people. However, we letters are represent a slow pace and allow us ∧control what we tell our friends. On this way, our are to In conversations don't involve so many things, but the slow pace makes the contact long-lasting. and 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。作者因为收到了朋友的一封手写信感悟到信件代表着一种 缓慢的步伐，让人们能够控制告诉朋友的事情。谈话就不会涉及那么多的事 情，缓慢的节奏让接触变得持久。 【详解】 1.考查冠词。句意：上周我收到了朋友的一封手写的信。friend 为可数名词，此 处泛指“一个朋友”且 friend 为辅音音素开头，故 the 改为 a。 2.考查副词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我得到了一两封手写信，但我从未 想过会再得到一封。结合语境可知表示“从未”，故 ever 改为 never。 3.考查副词。句意：在这个瞬息万变的世界，大多数情况下，我们使用社交媒体 来保持联系。修饰 changing 形容词应用副词，故 rapid 改为 rapidly。 4.考查名词的数。句意同上。case 为可数名词，由 most 修饰，故 case 改为 cases。 5.考查动词时态。句意：这封信提醒我，手写信件仍然存在。结合上文可知信是 上周收到的，故用一般过去时。故 reminds 改为 reminded。 6.考查人称代词。句意：如今，人们的联系更加紧密，我们在社交媒体上发布的 照片被人们广泛浏览。结合下文 our 可知应用人称代词 we 做主语，故 I 改为 we。 7.考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，信件代表着一种缓慢的步伐，让我们能够控 制我们告诉朋友的事情。本句中主语 letters 与谓语动词构成主动关系，故去 掉 are。 8.考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语 allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”， 故 control 前加 to。 9.考查固定短语。句意：这样，我们的谈话就不会涉及那么多的事情，缓慢的节 奏让我们的接触变得持久。固定短语 in this way“这样”，故 On 改为 In。 10.考查连词。句意同上。根据句意可知前后文语境为并列关系，故 but 改为 and。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办一次”英语角”活动，请你给外教 Peter 写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括: 1.时间和地点； 2.交流主题(高中生使用手机的利弊；手机是否应该被允许带入学校)。 注意:1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua Dear Peter, I’m Li Hua, head of the English Club in our school. I’m writing to tell you that we’ll have an English Corner activity, which will take place in the library next Saturday afternoon. You are welcome to join us！ The topics for discussion are related to smart phones, which are very popular among Chinese high school students. We are going to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of high school students using smart phones and whether using smart phones should be allowed in high schools. Please drop me a line to tell me your decision at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【分析】 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。 【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几 个方面的信息。第一，1.时间和地点；2.交流主题(高中生使用手机的利弊；手机 是否应该被允许带入学校)。第二，人称为第一人称，第二人称。第三，时态为 一般现在时和一般将来时。 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为 四段。第一段，时间和地点。第二段，交流主题。第三段，高中生使用手机的利 弊；手机是否应该被允许带入学校。第四段，表达希望。 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:allow， head of the English Club，English Corner activity，take place，in the library next Saturday afternoon，be related to ，smart phones，advantages and disadvantages， drop sb a line。 第四步：确定较为高级的句子:that 引导的宾语从句和 which 引导的非限制性定 语从句 I’m writing to tell you that we’ll have an English Corner activity， which will take place in the library next Saturday afternoon. 现在分词作 后 置 定 语 We are going to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of high school students using smart phones。 第五步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。 【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较 为高级的句式:that 引导的宾语从句和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 I’m writing to tell you that we’ll have an English Corner activity，which will take place in the library next Saturday afternoon. 现在分词作后置定语 We are going to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of high school students using smart phones。 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能 力。