高考英语阅读理解选编52 6页

重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（52）‎ ‎【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 ‎ NASA has recently found a twin Earth in the Milky Way. Scientists said the planet was the closest to Earth that has been seen.‎ Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old. It has a 385-day year and orbits its star at the same distance as us. It is so like Earth that NASA believes it is possible that life once inhabited the planet. Kepler 452b is 60 percent larger in diameter (直径) than Earth. Scientists say that the planet received the same kind of sunshine as we do on Earth. Thus, plants could survive if taken to the planet.‎ Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth, scientists say it can show a possible future for earth. “If Kepler 452b is indeed a rocky planets, its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.” Said Doug Caldwell, a scientist working on the Kepler Mission.‎ According to Caldwell, the increasing energy from its aging sun might be heating the surface and evaporating any oceans. Kepler 452b could be experiencing now what Earth will undergo more than a billion years from now, as the Sun ages and grows brighter.‎ The discovery also gives new hope that alien(外星人) civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System. “We won’t be going to this planet but our children’s children’s children might be.” said Jeff Coughlin, another research scientist on the Kepler Mission.‎ The Kepler space telescope (太空望远镜) has been looking for signs of new worlds outside the Solar System since May 2009, and has so far found more than 4,000 planets. But those planets are either too hot or too cold to sustain life.‎ ‎（注：Kepler Mission NASA 设计的发现类地行星的太空探索任务）‎ ‎1. The following statements about Kepler 452b (Earth 2) are all correct except ________.‎ A. It has existed for six billion years.‎ B. It is 60% larger in diameter than the earth.‎ C. It has already entered an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history D. It is the closest planet to the earth.‎ ‎2. The importance of the discovery of Earth2 lies in the fact that Earth2 ________.‎ ‎① can show a likely future for the earth ‎② gives new hope that alien civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System ‎③ proves that life once inhabited the planet ‎④ proves that plants can survive on other planets apart from the eartth.‎ ‎⑤ is going through now what the earth will undergo more than a billion years from now A. ④⑤ B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ①②‎ ‎3. What can we infer from the text?‎ A. The earth has existed for about 4.5 billion years.‎ B. Kepler 452b is one of the planets in the Milky Way.‎ C. Doug Caldwel and Jeff Coughlin are both research scientists on the Kepler Mission.‎ D. More than 4,000 planets outside the Solar System still cannot sustain life now.‎ ‎1. C. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.”可知，“它的位置可能意味着它正在进入它的气候历史中不可控制的温室阶段”的说法只是一种推想，而不是已经进入了。句中的“could”是关键词，它表明了一种假想的情况。故答案为C项。‎ ‎2. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话和第五段第一句话可知，答案应为D项。‎ ‎3. A. 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话“Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old.”和第三段第一句话中的“Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth,…”可以推知答案应为A项。即地球存在的时间是：（6 billion –1.5billion = 4.5 billion）年。其余各项虽然表述是正确答，但都是原文直接提到的内容，不是推断出来的。‎ 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。‎ ‎【2014·江西六校高三联考】‎ Most people will answer a ringing phone.Usually you don’t know who is phoning or how urgent their business is，so a ringing phone is difficult to ignore.In one experiment，a researcher wrote down the numbers of several public phones in stations and airports.Then he called the numbers.Someone nearly always answered.When he asked why，people usually said，“Because it rang.”‎ A few years ago in New Jersey，a man with a rifle killed 13 people.Armed police surrounded his house but he refused to come out.A reporter found out the phone number of the house and called.The man put down his rifle and answered the phone.“What do you want？” he said，“I’m really busy right now.”‎ Imagine you are at work and the phone is ringing in someone else’s office.Do you answer it or not？In one survey on telephone use,51% of participants told researchers that they did.We can’t ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.It interrupts what we are doing and on top of that，the caller is often someone we don’t really want to talk to.However，in the survey,58% said they never took the phone off the hook，and 67% didn’t mind if someone called during a television programme.For 44% it wasn’t a problem if someone rang during a meal，while only 28% were annoyed or upset.If someone phoned in the middle of the night,40% told researchers that they got nervous or frightened，while around 30% got angry.‎ Of course，when someone is really annoying，you can choose to hang up on him/her.This is in fact one of the rudest things you can do on the phone，but 79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases.Only 6% told researchers they never hung up on people.‎ ‎1．In the experiment，people answered the researcher’s phone________.‎ A．in order to help him gather the data ‎ B．for fear that it was urgent C．to test the function of the phone ‎ D．to show their interest in the survey ‎2．The gunman answered the phone because________.‎ A．he decided not to give up his resistance to the police B．he intended to be friendly with the media C．he wanted to tell the reporter that he was too busy to offer any information D．he tended to answer a ringing phone ‎3．According to Paragraph 3，most people________when they were doing their work or watching television.‎ A．refused to answer the phone in someone else’s office B．couldn’t ignore the phone C．minded the ringing of the phone D．kept the phone ringing ‎4．What is implied by the sentence “79% said they were prepared to do it in some cases”？‎ A．They also agreed to hang up on others regardless of rudeness.‎ B．They were prepared to punish those rude callers.‎ C．They were annoying rude callers.‎ D．They were going to hang on annoying phones.‎ ‎5．The purpose of the survey is to find out________.‎ A．how the phone interrupts people’s work B．what role the phone plays in people’s lives C．why people mind a ringing phone sometimes D．when the phone communication is more welcome 语篇解读　本文是一篇调查报道。实验发现，大多数人都会接听正在响着的电话，因为他们想知道是谁在打电话或者担心有什么紧急情况。‎ ‎1．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，人们接听电话是因为他们想知道是谁在打电话或者担心有什么紧急情况。‎ 答案：　B ‎2．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容并结合文章大意可知，那位杀人犯之所以接听了电话，是因为他和多数人一样，不能不理会正在响着的电话。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．解析：　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第四句“We can’t ignore the phone and for that reason，it forces its way into our life.”可知，多数人在工作或看电视时，当听到电话响了会去接听。‎ 答案：　B ‎4．解析：　句意理解题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，当接听了电话后，如果对方令人讨厌，你当然可以挂断他或她的电话。虽然这是在打电话时很没礼貌的行为，但79%的人说如果碰到类似情况他们也会那样做。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．解析：　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文的写作目的是为了调查人们为什么会去接听正在响着的电话的原因。‎ 答案：C。‎ ‎（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。‎ 体裁：说明文　话题：全球变暖　词数：350　时间：6′‎ The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end for some migrating animals.‎ Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of winter to warmer areas.Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way.Whales and turtles (海龟) cover vast areas of ocean.The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm.“Obviously these animals have developed their travelling patterns over thousands of years.But climate change is almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits fast enough，” said the report author Dr Robert Hepworth.Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles.Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones.In parts of Malaysia, turtle birthing sites are producing only females, the report says.It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.‎ With birds, the main problem is climate－related damage to important areas at either end of the travels or at resting places along the way.About one－fifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of climate－related changes including rising sea levels, land loss and more violent storms, the report concludes.‎ Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include：the North Atlantic Right Whale, whose main food (tiny shrimp) is disturbed by the change in ocean flows and the White－Nose Dolphin, which is out－competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters.The report is not all bad news.Even with major climatic changes, protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover.“We need governments to start taking action at the national and international level.The clock is running.”， said Dr Hepworth.And some animals are already adapting, with the report mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了全球变暖对迁徙动物的影响。‎ ‎1．What is the main topic of the text?‎ A．The effect of climate change on migrating animals.‎ B.How animals are adapting to changes in temperature.‎ C．The actions required to save migrating animals.‎ D．The need for government policies to prevent global warming.‎ 答案　A　‎ ‎2．By saying “the clock is running” in the last paragraph, Dr Hepworth means that “________”．‎ A．it may be too late to save some animals B．it is time to start protecting the animals C．there is not much time to solve the problem D．it takes time to complete the actions 答案　C　‎ ‎3．According to the report, how will global warming affect turtles in the future?‎ A．They will only produce female babies.‎ B．Their food supply will gradually disappear.‎ C．Some will suffer from higher rates of cancer.‎ D．They will be in greater danger because of more violent storms.‎ 答案　C　‎ ‎4．Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of rising temperatures?‎ A．More storms will affect the ability of whales to find their feeding grounds.‎ B．20 percent of all birds are likely to die out because of land loss.‎ C．Migrating animals are likely to start adapting to the changes more quickly.‎ D．Warmer oceans will increase the competition between different kinds of dolphins.‎ 答案　D　‎ ‎5．What can be inferred about turtles from the text?‎ A．They are the only animals besides humans that suffer from cancer.‎ B．They have traditionally lived longer than other ocean－based animals.‎ C．Those born nearer a hotter area are more likely to be female.‎ D．Most kinds of turtles are likely to die out within 50 years.‎ 答案　C　‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎(2016·延安模拟) Graham and his friends preferred to shoot_up in their arms, necks and legs. A dealer once said Graham was the type who would never be able to turn back and that he expected him to die from the drug. Wendy feared the same, but didn't know how to save her son.“Once, after he'd disappeared for more than a month, I found him at a friend's house with a bunch of other users，” she said, “I got down on my hands and knees, begging him to come home. He did, but the next morning he was gone.I don't know what made him do it, but I drove 20 miles to the nearest train station.Graham was headed for Seattle, his pockets full of drugs.If I hadn't gotten there in time, I would never have seen him alive again.”‎ The turning point came in 2007, after Graham was arrested yet again for possession.Wendy got a call from the Montana Drugs Project, which works with local law enforcement (强制执行) to keep track of youthrelated crimes so it can help families in trouble.Following a counselor's advice, Wendy hired two men to come to her home in the middle of the night, tie Graham and take him to a treatment program in Thompson Falls, Montana.“I was high when they came and really angry with my mom，” he said, “But if she hadn't done that, drugs would have killed me.” After six months ‎ of treatment, Graham, now 19, came back to Kalispell, where he's grown close to Wendy once again.“I still have the desires every day and attend support meetings every night，” he said, “But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that's a miracle. I guess she is right.”‎ ‎1.The underlined phrase “shoot up” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”.‎ A.increase very quickly and suddenly B.put illegal drugs into the body by using a needle C.kill or injure someone by using a gun D.try to achieve a particular aim ‎ ‎2.When the two men came to their home in the middle of the night, Graham ________.‎ A.had just taken drugs and was in the state of excitement B.was sleeping in a high bed above the ground C.had just taken drugs and was in the state of suffering D.was quarrelling with his mother ‎3.What conclusion can be drawn from the end of the passage?‎ A.Graham is still using drugs now.‎ B.Graham hates his mother very much.‎ C.Graham thinks he can't be saved.‎ D.Graham has come off drugs now.‎ ‎1．解析：选B　词义猜测题。结合整篇文章都是围绕Graham吸毒、戒毒等可推知仅有B项“使用针管将非法毒品注入体内”与此有关。‎ ‎2．解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“I was high when they came and really angry with my mom(当他们来时我正处于精神亢奋状态，真的很生母亲的气)”可知选A。‎ ‎3．解析：选D　细节理解题。根据全文最后“But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that's a miracle. I guess she is right.(但生活是值得的。我妈妈认为这是一个奇迹。我想她是对的。)”可知选D。‎ ‎ ‎