2011届高考一轮复习课件 Unit19 Language(北师大版选修7) 7页

‎ 北师大版Unit19 Language 一：核心单词 根据提示写出英语单词或汉语意思。‎ ‎1. thrill v.使兴奋 2. fasten v.束紧 3. inform v.告知 通知 4. resemble v.与…相似 ‎ ‎5.approval n.赞成；同意 6. purchase v. 购买 7. embarrass vt. 使尴尬 ‎ ‎8. surround v. 包围 围绕 9. ensure vt. 保证，确保 10. congratulate v. 祝贺 ‎11. adjust (vt)调节 12. inform (vt)告知 13. theory (n)理论 14. cafeteria (n)咖啡馆 ‎ ‎15. adequate (adj)足够的 16. _punctual (adj)准时的 17. competence (n)能力 ‎ ‎18. register (vt)登记 19. enlarge (v)扩大 20. candidate (n)候选人 21. attain (v)达到 ‎22. rigid (adj)僵硬的 23. theft (n) 偷窃 24. unconscious (adj)不知不觉的 ‎ ‎25. globe (n)地球 26. algebra代数 27. geometry几何 28. bacteria 细菌 ‎29. stewardess女乘务员 30. manual手册 31. accelerate加速 32. acquisition(语言)习得 二：词类转换按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。‎ ‎1.advance (v.) advanced (adj.)高级的 类似: disappoint (v.) disappointed (adj. ) 失望 ‎2. communicate (v.) communication(n)通信 类似: observe (v.) observation(n.)观察 ‎3. confuse (v.) confusion (n)弄乱 类似:conclude (v.) conclusion ( n.)结论 ‎4. congratulate (v.) congratulation祝贺 类似:celebrate (v.) celebration (n.)庆祝 ‎5. accurate (adj.) accuracy(n)精确度 类似:fluent (adj.) fluency (n.)流利度 ‎6. acquire (v.) acquisition(n)获得 类似:explain explanation (n.)获得 ‎7. adjust (v.) adjustment (n)调节 类似:announce (v.) announcement (n)布告 ‎8. offend (v.) offence (n)冒犯 类似: defend (v.) defence/defense (n.) 保卫 ‎9. register (v.) registration(n)注册 类似:pronounce (v.) pronunciation (n.)发音 ‎10. absence (n.) absent(adj)不存在的 类似:silence (n.) silent (adj.)沉默的 三：重要词组 ‎1. catch on学会 2. consist of由……组成 3. regardless of 不理会了，不顾 ‎4. on purpose故意地 5. be aware of 意识到 6. differ from与……不同 ‎7. in advance提前地 8. focus on集中 9. for the purpose of为了……目的 ‎ ‎10. cause confusion弄糊涂 11. point at 指着 12. congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事 ‎13. catch hold of _抓住不放手 14. stand out 突出,站在外面 ‎15. go ahead with 在……方面取得进步 16. team up 合作 17. keep to 坚持,信守 ‎18. provided (that) 如果,条件是 19. rely on 依靠 20. keep …in mind 记住 四：重要考点突破 ‎（一）核心单词 ‎1. resemble vt. 像……；与……相似(look or be like)‎ ‎★拓展：resemblance n. 相似 类似 ‎■运用：用resemble翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)你的单车与我的差不多。Your bicycle resembles mine.‎ ‎(2)你非常像你的母亲。You resembled your mother very ‎ ‎2. purchase vt.& n.购买(buy, buying)‎ ‎◆辨析：purchase 是较为正式的用语，buy是普通用语，意义较为广泛。‎ ‎■运用：用purchase翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)你必须提前21天购票。You must purchase your tickets 21days in advance.‎ ‎(2) 我打算在乡间买一所房子。I intend to purchase a house in the country.‎ ‎3. approval n. 赞成，同意 ‎★拓展：approve v. 赞成，同意 ‎■运用：用approval翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)他用赞许的眼光看了看儿子。 She looked at her son with approval.‎ ‎(2)她想赢得父亲的同意。She wanted to win her father’s approval.‎ ‎(3)他用微笑表示赞成。 He showed his approval by smiling.‎ ‎4. embarrass vt. 使……尴尬 ‎★拓展：embarrassed adj. 感到尴尬的embarrassing adj. 使人尴尬的 The embarrassing situation made her embarrassed .‎ ‎■运用：用embarrass翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)不要问有关个人隐私的问题，以免使他们尴尬。‎ Don’t embarrass them with personal questions。‎ ‎(2)他丈夫粗鲁的举动使她难堪。Her husband’s rude behavior embarrassed her.‎ ‎(3)别提出那令人尴尬的话题。Don't bring up that embarrassing topic.‎ ‎5. fasten vt. & vi. 栓，扣，集中（目光、注意力）‎ ‎★拓展:用适当的介词或副词填空。‎ ‎(1)fasten on抓住，采纳，强加于(2)fasten up关紧，捆牢 ‎(3)fasten one’s eyes on sb.盯住某人 ‎■运用：用fasten翻译下列句子 ‎(1)他定睛注视着我。He fastened his eyes on me. ‎ ‎(2)把那只手提箱关紧。Fasten that suitcase up.‎ ‎(3)总统立刻采纳了这个意见。The president fasten on the idea at once. ‎ ‎6. inform v. 通知 告知(give information to)‎ ‎★搭配:用适当的介词填空。‎ ‎(1)inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 ‎(2)inform oneself of the facts使自己了解事实 ‎(3)keep me informed of sth.告诉我某事 ‎■运用: 用inform翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)如果他回来了，请告诉我。If he comes back, please inform me ‎ ‎(2)他告诉了我他的旅行计划。He informed me of his travel plans. ‎ ‎(3)有事，请随时告诉我。Please keep me informed of /about what happens. ‎ ‎(4)他将通知我们去哪儿。He will inform where to go. ‎ ‎ (5)他被告知他已经被开除了。He was informed that he had been fired.‎ ‎7. surround v. 包围 ‎★拓展：surrounding adj. 周围的 n.环境(复数)‎ ‎■运用：用surround翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)这个城市被一条河流包围着.。The city is surrounded by a river. ‎ ‎(2)快乐幸福围绕你。Joy and happiness surround you ‎ ‎(3)部队已将该城包围。Troops have surrounded the town surroundings ‎(4)我们生活在舒适的环境中。We are living in pleasant surroundings ‎8. ensure vt. 保证；担保(make sure)‎ ‎★搭配:ensure sb. sth. 向某人担保某事 ensure that + clause 保证……‎ ‎■运用：用ensure翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)务必确保所有窗户都关紧了。Please ensure that all the windows are closed.‎ ‎(2)这药物能保证你有健康的体魄。The medicine will ensure us a healthy body.‎ ‎9. thrill v. (使……)感到兴奋 ‎★拓展：(1) thrilling adj. 毛骨悚然的，颤动的 (2) thriller n.使人毛骨悚然的东西 ‎■运用：用thrill翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)这位旅行者的经历使我们惊骇不已。(vt.)The traveller thrilled us with his stories. ‎ ‎(2)她的谈话使他很激动。(vt.)He was thrilled by her conversation.‎ ‎(3)她收到邀请时很激动。(vi.)She thrilled at the invitation.‎ ‎10. congratulate vt. 祝贺 ‎★拓展：congratulation n.祝贺(常用复数)‎ ‎◆搭配：congratulate sb. On sth./doing sth.为某事祝贺某人 ‎※注意：congratulate后的宾语只能是人。‎ ‎★比较：celebrate(庆祝)的宾语是成功、生日等，不能是人。如：celebrate one’s birthday庆祝某人的生日。‎ ‎■运用：请翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)你父母为你的考试成绩而祝贺你。Your parents congratulate you on your exam results.‎ ‎(2)大家都在祝贺刘翔赢得了赛跑。People congratulated Liu Xiang on winning the race.‎ ‎11. adjust v. 调整，校准；适应，习惯 ‎★拓展：(1)adjustment n．调整;调节；适应 (2) adjustable adj．可调整的，可调节的 ‎◆搭配: (1)adjust sth. (_to sth.)调整(以适应/适合) (2)adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事 ‎(3)adjust oneself to sth.使自己适应……‎ ‎■运用：请翻译下列句子。 (1)我的表快了,我得把它校准。I must adjust my watch , it's fast. ‎ ‎(2)一个人很难使自己适应他人的习惯。‎ It is difficult for someone to adjust himself/herself to others’ habits ‎(3)要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。Adjust your language to the age of you audience.‎ ‎(4)我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。My eyes haven't adjusted to the dark yet．‎ ‎(5)她花了很长时间才适应了在美国独自生活。‎ It took her a long time to adjust to living alone America.‎ ‎(6)动物能使自己适应生存环境。Animals can adjust themselves to the environment．‎ ‎（二）重要词组 ‎1. catch on 明白，理解(understand)；受欢迎(become popular)‎ ‎※提示：表示明白什么事，后接介词to。‎ ‎■运用：用catch on翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)那首新歌很快就流行起来。The new song caught on really quickly.‎ ‎(2)我明白了他的意思。I caught on to what he meant.‎ ‎(3)我终于明白他们在干什么了。I finally caught on to what they were doing.‎ ‎2. consist of 由……组成(be made up of)‎ ‎※注意:此短语不能用于被动语态。‎ ‎★拓展:consist in sth.主要在于，(内容)主要是 ‎■运用：翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)对于我来说，学习的乐趣在于过程而不是结果。‎ For me, the pleasure of studying consisted in the process, not results.‎ ‎(2)这个医疗队包括5名医生和10名护士。‎ The medical team consists of 5doctors and 10 nurses.‎ ‎(3)中山由19个镇组成。The city of Zhongshan consists of 19 towns.‎ ‎3. regardless of 不管，不顾 ‎※提示:regardless adv. 不顾一切地 ‎ ‎■运用：翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)不管花费多少，我都打算买下那本书。I'm buying the book, regardless of the cost ‎ ‎(2)尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去。We will go on regardless of past failures ‎ ‎(3)走自己的路，让别人去说吧。Go your own way regardless of what people say ‎★联想：‎ ‎(1)具体相同意义和用法的还有in spite of, despite等介词。‎ They went out in spite of the rain．尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。‎ They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather．‎ 尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。‎ ‎(2)though, although(尽管)等是表示让步的连词。‎ Although my uncle is old, he looks very strong and healthy 我的叔叔虽然老了，但他看上去还是很健壮。‎ ‎■翻译：用不同方法翻译下列句子。‎ 虽然吃了很多东西，他还是觉得饿。‎ ‎(1)Despite eating lots of food, he is still feeling hungry.‎ ‎(2)In spite of / Regardless of so much food he has eaten, he is still feeling hungry.‎ ‎(3)Though/Although he has eaten lots of food, he is still feeling hungry.‎ ‎4. on purpose 故意地(intentionally)‎ ‎★联想: by accident[反义]偶然地 ‎■运用：翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)她故意把这个秘密告诉了他。She told him the secret on purpose. ‎ ‎(2)你故意打破了那个花瓶。You broke that vase on purpose.‎ ‎5. be aware of 知道，意识到 be aware that…知道，意识到 ‎■运用：翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)我当时意识到我错了。I was aware that I was wrong then.‎ ‎(2)约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。John has been aware of having done something wrong. ‎ ‎(3)我意识到我有多么粗鲁了。I’m quite aware of how rude I am.‎ ‎6. differ from 与……不同(=be different from)‎ ‎◇Chinese differs greatly from English in spelling.汉语和英语在拼写上大不相同。‎ ‎◇We differ from them on the issue.我们在这个问题上与他们意见不一。‎ ‎■运用：改写下列各句，使其意义不变。‎ ‎(1) The shirt differs from that one. The shirt is different from that one.‎ ‎(2) His views differ from those of his parents. ‎ His views are different from those of his parents. ‎ ‎7. in advance 提前，预先(before in time)‎ ‎◇We always pay the rent in advance.我们总是提前付房租。‎ ‎■运用：翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)为了确定他在家，我事先打电话给他。‎ To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance ‎(2)他们将预付出100美元。They will pay $100 in advance.‎ ‎8. focus on 集中于 All eyes were focused on him.所有的目光都集中在他身上。‎ ‎★拓展:be in focus清楚的 ‎■运用：翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)我把镜头对准了嘉宾们。I’ll focus on the guests over there.‎ ‎(2)把注意力集中在你的工作上。Focus your attention on your work. ‎ ‎(3)这些字看不清楚。Those characters aren’t in focus ‎9. keep to坚持，遵守，信守，保持（to是介词。）‎ ‎◇In England tragic must keep to the left.在英国，车辆必须靠左行驶。‎ ‎■运用：用keep to翻译下列句子。‎ ‎(1)你得遵守诺言。You have to keep to your promise.‎ ‎(2)只有大家执行计划，事情才能成功。‎ Things will only work out if everybody keeps to the plan. ‎ ‎(3)他们固守传统，只在五月举行婚礼。‎ They keep to the custom of having their marriages only in May ‎ ‎(4)我们必须保持朴实生活的作风。We must keep to the style of plain living.‎ ‎（三）高级句型 ‎1. It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.‎ 早至公元十八世纪，就有预言说，总有一天英语会成为全球性的语言，而最近几十年的情况证明了这一预言。‎ 结构分析: 全句是由and连接的较长的并列句，前一分句中含有一个重要句型It was predicted that…(有人预言说……)和一个有用的短语as early as the 1700s(早至十八世纪)。后一分句中表示时间的短语in the last few decades常与现在完成时连用。‎ 学以致用：用以上句型和短语翻译下列句子。‎ 早在二十世纪八十年代，就有人预言中国经济将飞速发长，而最近几十年的情况证明了这一预言。‎ It was predicted as early as 1980s that the Chinese Economic would develop very fast and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.‎ ‎2. In today's world being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead. 当今世界，你能讲包括英语在内的一门以上的语言，就标志着你与众不同，比其他人进步。‎ 结构分析:该句中的being able to speak more than one language为动名词短语作主语，泛指经常性的一般的情况；how引导一个表语从句。‎ 学以致用：翻译下列句子。‎ 获得奖学金使得他有机会去了北方某州的一所大学，在那里黑人享有平等的权利，并如他们所愿自由的生活、学习和工作。‎ Winning a scholarship gave him the chance to go to a college in one of the northern states，where black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished. ‎ ‎3．By the time George was discovered breeding programmes were known to be increasing the numbers of other tortoise sub-species, but it was acknowledged that his case was different. 到乔治被发现的时候为止，人们知道繁殖计划是为了增加其他海龟亚种的数量，但是人们也认识到乔治的情况有所不同。‎ 结构分析:全句是个由but连接的并列句，前一分句中有一个by the time(到……的时候为止)引导的时间状语从句；后一分句中that引导的主语从句，也可将it is/was acknowledged that(人们认为)看作一个句型。‎ 学以致用：用by the time和it is/was acknowledged that翻译下列句子。‎ 当警察到时，树木已砍伐。全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。‎ By the time the police arrived, the trees had already been cut down. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.‎ ‎4. It is a language without words that consists of gestures facial expressions and body movements that greatly add to –and sometimes even replace-spoken language．这是一种没有词语，由手势，面部表情，和身体动作组成的语言，它极大地丰富了，有时甚至取代了——口头语言。‎ 结构分析:该句that consists of gestures facial expressions and body movements是定语从句，It is …that greatly add to … 是强调句型。‎ 学以致用：用强调句型翻译下列句子，且要含有一个定语从句。‎ 惯坏了孩子都怪这位当医生的父亲。‎ It is the father who is a doctor that is to blame for the spoiled child.‎