2013高考英语语法最后30天精讲精练新从句 9页

‎ 英语主要从句 精讲精练 从句的基本构成形式： 一、（引导从句的）关联词 + 陈述句 ‎ 常见的关联词：‎ ‎1、引导多种从句的常见关联词： what , when, where, who, which, why, how, that, as, since, whether, which, whatever, whenever, if, etc.‎ ‎2、引导一种从句（常为状语从句）的常见关联词：until, till, after, before, than, so long as, as far as, as soon as, the moment, every time, each time, as if, now that, even if(thought), by the time, in order that, as…as, once, in case, immediately, how long, etc.‎ 二、主语从句 NOTICE: What we need most are books.‎ 主语从句三要素： 1、关联词不能省略 2、谓语动词用单数 3、从句用陈述语序 常见引导词:what, when, where，which, who, that，whether, how ，whatever, whoever Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen. Is what you told me really true?‎ I don’t think that whatever happens is right. ‎ 三、表语从句: 1、关联词不能省略 2、从句用陈述语序 常见引导词: what, when, where,why, whether, how,that, because, which,‎ What surprised me most was that he spoke English so well.‎ The question is how what you’ve said can be put into practice.‎ The reason (why ) he didn’t come is that he was ill.‎ It (This , That) is because iron contains more carbon than steel.‎ 四、同位语从句: 1、关联词不能省略 2、从句用陈述语序 从句的名词后接同位语: fact, idea, word，promise, saying，problem, news 常见引导词: that, whether, where, how, etc.‎ The facts that he succeeded in the experiment pleased us.‎ An idea came to her that she might do that in another way.‎ Scientists have argued over the problem whether there is life on other planets.‎ 五、宾语从句 ‎1.从句用陈述语序: Free movie tickets will be given to whoever comes first.‎ Parents generally buy whichever books their children want.‎ I realized that what I said was not exactly what I meant to say.‎ I once read that “The beauty of life is its changes “ and that “The art of life lies in a constant readjustment(适应）to our surroundings.”‎ Sleep-teaching will only hammer into(强硬灌输）your head what you have studied already while you are awake.‎ ‎ 2 . it可做形式宾语代替宾语从句: We all thought it a pity that he didn’t come.‎ 六、名词性从句的综合问题 ‎１、whether与 if: If 只能引导宾语从句，不能引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 The question is whether it is worth doing ‎２、which ,what 不能引导同位语从句，,what 不能引导定语从句。‎ ‎３、whatever, whichever, whoever可以引导名词性从句，“一切，任何，无论”‎ ‎ Whoever telephones, tell them I’m out. Whichever day you come, we’ll be pleased to se you.‎ ‎ Whatever problem you have, you can always come to me for help.‎ 七、What-clause ‎1、what = something that /which（即含“内容”）‎ ‎2、可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句：What money I have has been given to you.‎ ‎3、在从句中担当主语、宾语、表语、定语：Show me what you have written.‎ He is not what he was a few years ago. What matters most is good health.‎ FIU has opened (that ) what it says is the first computer art in the US.‎ ‎4.引导插入语：He is handsome, and what is more, very rich,‎ ‎_____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.‎ A. It B. This C. What D. As （08山东）‎ C 此题考查主语从句连词的选择。关键在于看出she told me是插入语，从结构上不影响整个句子的表达。据题意“她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家庭”，第二个was 是整个句子的谓语动词。所选词须是连词用来引导主语从句。故可排除A,B。as 不能引导主语从句，也可排除。what引导名词性从句在从句中做主语。‎ 八、状语从句 ‎ 状语从句 ‎ 引导从句的连词 ‎　 备　　注 时间 after, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as long as, as soon as, hardly(scarcely) … when, No sooner … than, the time (moment, instant, minute, day…)‎ hardly, no sooner在句首，引导的从句要部分倒装 since引导的从句注意看启动词是否是瞬间动词还是延续性动词．‎ when 引导的从句注意其特殊用法．‎ 一些名词也可以引导时间状语从句．‎ 地点 where , wherever ‎ 后者表示强调．‎ 方式 as, as if, as though,‎ as引导的方式状语从句多在句首．‎ 原因 ‎ because, since, as, now (that)‎ ‎ ‎ 语气一个比一个弱．for可以引导原因状语从句，但它只能位于句末．‎ 结果 so …that, 　　such (a)… that, ‎ so that, 　　　that so…that中的so在句首，主句要部分倒装．‎ 目的 so that, in order that, that, so,‎ so that 使用最普遍．‎ 条件 if , unless, in case , as long as, ‎ 注意分清if从句中是否该用虚拟语气．‎ 让步 though, although, even if, even though, as, in spite of the fact, while,‎ no matter wh- , ‎ as 引导的让步状语从句要倒装．‎ ‎1. when; while; as; whenever ‎ ◇ when 从句 ∣ ● ———— 点动作，瞬间动作）‎ ‎ ————∣————————————‎ ‎ 主句 ∣ ● ———— 瞬间动作；延续动作）‎ ‎ I’ll speak to him when he arrives. When (While , As) he stayed there, he began to study German.‎ ‎◇ while 从句 ∣ ———— 段动作，延续动作 ‎ ‎ ————∣————————————‎ ‎ 主句 ∣ ● ———— 瞬间动作；延续动作 ‎ While (When) we were in Paris, we saw him twice. The doorbell rang while (when) we were watching TV.‎ ‎◇ as 从句 ∣ ———— ‎ ‎ ———∣——————— (多表示主从句动作同时进行)‎ ‎ 主句 ∣ ———— ‎ She sang as she did her homework. As his brother was going out, it began to rain.‎ ‎◇ whenever(无论何时）：Whenever you (may) call(看她), you’ll find her sitting by the window.‎ ‎ ★ when表示并列(just at that time)，用在句子中部 ‎ I am going out (I am about to go out) when the phone rings.‎ ‎ ★ 两个短动作同时发生用as，或 just as，有时也用 when，长动作同时发生用 while I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. He stood quietly while the guards searched his clothes.‎ ‎ ★ while 可表示对比转折 She is in red while her sister is in yellow.‎ ‎ ★ while 还可表“趁......时” We should go and look at the monkeys while they are still there.‎ ‎ ★ while 表“尽管，虽然”（多放在句首）While they are my neighbours, I don’t know the well.‎ ‎ ★ while 表示“只要” While there is life ther is hope.‎ ‎ ★ as 表示两种发展或变化的情况，“随着......” As it grew, it became loder.‎ ‎ ★ when 引导的从句，用一般时态表示未来的事情 Come to me when you like.‎ ‎2. till (until); not …till(until)‎ ‎1).肯定：主句谓语动词是延续动词,表达动作或状态持续“到……为止”（即：主句动作或状态到until或 till表达的时间结束）‎ 从句 ∣ until / till ‎ ——— ∣———————∣—— We’ll stay here till it stops raining.‎ ‎ 主句 ∣ ----→ ∣（结束）‎ ‎2).否定 主句谓语动词是短暂动词,表达动作或状态“直到……才开始”（即：主句动作或状态到until或till表达的时间才开始做 从句 ∣ until / till ‎ ————∣—————∣———— He didn’t leave the office until his boss came.‎ ‎ 主句 ∣ （开始）∣-→‎ 倒装： Not until he saw his mother did the little boy smile.‎ 强调：It was not until he say his mother that the boy smiled.‎ ‎3．by the time, next time，every time, each time，the day, the week，etc.‎ Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. The day he returned , his father was already dead.‎ they arrived, we had already left.‎ By the time they arrive, we will have already left.‎ ‎4．as soon as, the moment, on doing, no sooner…than , hardly…when ‎ As soon as I saw him I knew there was no hope ‎ → The moment (that) I saw him I knew there was no hope.‎ ‎ → On seeing him I knew there was no hope.‎ ‎ → No sooner had I seen him than I knew there was no hope.‎ ‎5. where, wherever A driver should slow down where there are schools.‎ 对比: He will work in the factory where we need hm most. (定从)‎ ‎ He will work where we need him most. （状从）‎ ‎（定语从句前必有被修饰的地点名词，而状语从句前没有）‎ Wherever he happens to be, Clint can make himself at home.‎ ‎6. because, for， as , since ‎◇ because 表示产生某种结果的直接的必然的原因；‎ ‎◇ for 用来补充说明理由，不放在句首，“倒果为因”‎ ‎ because the sun has risen.‎ ‎ The day breaks ‎ ‎ for the birds are singsing.‎ Because it rained last night,the ground is wet this morning. ‎ It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. ‎ ‎◇ since 原因是人们已知的，以既知事实说明理由“既然……就”‎ ‎ Since you can’t answer the question,we’d better ask someone else.‎ ‎◇as 原因、理由比较明显，语气比较弱，“由于……” As I am ill, I won't go.‎ 介词表示因果:‎ We had an accident because of his carelessness. Thanks to John’s kind help, we finished early.‎ We had an accident due to his carelessness. Owing to his carelessness we had an accident. (由于)‎ ‎7. so that,so as to do ; in order that, in order to do （目的）‎ We climbed high (so) that we might get a better view.We climbed high so as to get a better view.‎ I spoke slowly in order that the audience could understand me.‎ I spoke slowly in order for the audience to understand me.‎ ‎ get a better view, we climbed.‎ A. In order B.In order to C.So as D.So as to ‎8. so …that, such…that, such that （结果）‎ The house is so expensive ‎ ‎ This is such an expensive house ‎ ‎ This is so expensive a house that I can’t afford to buy it.‎ So expensive is the house ‎ Such an expensive house is this ‎ 比较：so as to do sth: “以便”，表示目的； Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.‎ ‎ so/such…as to do sth: “如此…以致于”，表示结果；He was so foolish as to believe her.‎ ‎ He was such a fool as to believe her.‎ ‎9.though,although,as,‎ ‎1) 句首常用although，而though较为普遍句中。‎ ‎2）though, as可以倒装 Young as(though) he is,he is knowledgeable. Try as(though) he might,he couldn’t get out.‎ ‎3）though: 可用在句尾，表示“然而” It was hard work; I enjoyed it, though.‎ ‎4) 介词表示让步 (in spite of, despite) In spite of the heavy rain, she went to the shop.‎ ‎5) although /though 不和 but连用，但可用yet/still。‎ ‎10 . than等 表示倍数：‎ ‎ longer than A is three times as long as than B.‎ ‎ the length of ‎◇ no more…than： You are no taller than he. = You are not tall and he is not tall, either.‎ ‎11．if so, if not, if only ‎1)if so 用来代替完整的句子：Have you got a free evening next week? If so,let’s have dinner.‎ ‎2)if not用来代替完整的句子：Is anybody feeling cold? If not, let’s open the window.‎ ‎3)if only后常用过去时或过去完成时，可以表达强烈的愿望或遗憾 ‎ If only I knew what you wanted ! If only you hadn’t told him what I said,everything would have been all right.‎ ‎12.as soon as, as(so) far as, as long as, as well as 各有两种情况：‎ ‎◇ as soon as ： ① Finish it as soon as you can (possible). ‎ ‎ ② The students were quiet as soon as the teacher came in ‎◇ as (so) far as： ① You’d better walk as far as the foot of the hill. （远至）‎ ‎ ② As far as I know, he is a good doctor. （就……而言）‎ ‎◇ as (so) long as：① You can stay as long as you like. （长达）‎ ‎ ② So long as you need me, I’ll stay. （只要）‎ ‎◇ as well as： ① She cooks as well as her mother (does). （一样好）‎ ‎ ② She sings as well as he plays. （不但弹得好而且唱得好）‎ ‎ She sings as well as playing the piano. （重点在前面）‎ ‎13.状语从句的其它几个问题：‎ ‎1）省略：‎ ‎◇ 主从句主语一致时；Though tired, he wouldn’t stop working.‎ ‎◇ 从句主谓语是it is(was)时；When a student in the university,he read a lot. ‎ ‎◇ 常用词：when, while, if, until, after, until, although, than, etc.‎ ‎ If not necessary, you’d better leave tomorrow .‎ ‎◇ 基本结构：从属连词＋adj. /n. / -ing/ -ed： Since coming to Paris,I have made many new friends.‎ ‎2）in case ◇万一......的话，在......的情况下； ◇以防，免得 ‎ In case anything important happens, please call me up.‎ ‎ Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.‎ ‎3) no matter what (who, when, where...) 引导状语从句，可相当于whatever, whoever, whenever…，但前者不能引导名词性从句 ‎ No matter what happened,he would not say a word. No matter what you do don’t touch the switch.‎ ‎ She was going to be a singer no matter what difficulties she met.‎ ‎ I’ve decided to leave tomorrow, no matter what. Whatever she says goes.‎ Talk to me about whatever is troubling you . I’ll just say whatever comes into my head.‎ After all, whatever her faults ( are, 省略), she’s Tommy’s mother.‎ Use the simple whenever (it’s) possible.‎ ‎ While she did most of the cooking, her daughter was of some help, however small.‎ 九、定语从句 ‎1.总论： 定语从句在句中使用频率非常高，它分为限制性或非限制性两种。限制性定语从句上用来修饰人物事物，它与所修饰的名词或名词词组不可分割，非限制性定语从句是用来对修饰的人或物作补充说明。‎ 定语从句的关键是：①引导定语从句的关联词；②被定语从句所修饰的先行词 。‎ 关联词的三要素：①引导功能（引导定语从句，连接主从句）；②替代功能（代表所修饰的先行词）；③成分功能（在从句中担当一定成分）‎ ‎2.关系代词： that which who whom whose as ‎① 关系代词引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词在人称和数上要和先行词一致。He does’t like the book which (that) is very thick. (He doesn’t like he book. It is very thick.)‎ ‎② 关系代词引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语，此时，从句中要注意不要重复宾语，而且which, that, who, whom还可以省略.‎ The letter (which, that) I received was from Miss Li. (The letter was from Miss Li. I received it.)‎ He is the man (who,whom) we met in the hotel. (He is the man. We met him in the hotel.)‎ ‎③ 关系代词whose引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，whose可指人也可指物.‎ ‎ I haven’t met Mr Li,whose son is my teacher now.‎ ‎ (I haven’t met Mr Li. His son is my teacher now.)‎ ‎ The computer whose CPU doesn’t wok has to be repaired.‎ ‎ (The computer has to be repaired. Its CPU doesn’t work.)‎ ‎3.关系副词： when where why ； 它们引导定语从句并在从句中作状语 ‎ when = in / on / at + which (时间)‎ ‎ where = in / on / at + which (地点)‎ why = for which (原因)‎ 比较: This is the day that I’ll never forget. (This is the day. We met on that day.)‎ ‎ This is the day when (on which) we met (him).‎ ‎ We’ll go to the factory that you visited. (We’ll go to the factory. He works there.)‎ ‎ We’ll go to the factory where (in which) he works.‎ ‎ We don’t know the reason why (that) he fell ill.‎ ‎4.which, that的区别 ‎① that 可指人或物，which只能指物：I'll never forget the persons and the school that I saw.‎ ‎② 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰用that：This is the longest pencil (that) I have ever seen.‎ ‎③ 先行词是all , little, -thing, 或者被all, no, every,little,only等修饰时，用that That’s all (that) I want to say.‎ ‎④ which 可以引导非限制定语从句，而that不可以：The book is red, which surprises me,‎ ‎⑤ that前不加介词：This is the house in which he lives. (that he lives in)‎ ‎5.带介词的定语从句 ‎① 介词通常放在which, whom之前 ：Is this the factory in which you work?‎ NOTICE: ⑴ 含介词的短语动词，介词不提前：That’s the boy you are looking for.‎ ‎ ⑵ 非限制性定语从句中，介词一般提前：The man, about whom we had heard, was here yesterday.‎ ‎② n. (pron.) + of which / whom： The persons, most of whom were students, enjoyed the play.‎ ‎ There are pyramids in Egypt, the largest of which (of which the largest) is the Great Pyramid.‎ ‎③ 复杂介词 + which / whom（通常倒装）‎ ‎ They stayed in a big hotel, in front of which was a garden.‎ ‎ He came to a house, on the door of which was a plate.‎ ‎6. as作关系代词 ‎① 可以引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句子后部。“正如……”，“象……（一样的）”‎ He was strongly against the plan as could be expected.‎ As everybody can see, he has done what he should do.‎ ‎② such (…) as , the same (…) as： I have the same trouble as you (have).‎ ‎ My hometown is no longer the same as it was.‎ ‎ Such views as he has mentioned should be discussed.‎ ‎③ 比较练习：so…as ; so…that; such (…) as; such(…) that ‎⑴Here is so big a stone (such a big stone) no one can lift.‎ ‎ ( no one can lift it.‎ ‎ ⑵The instrument is not I saw on the exhibition.‎ ‎ ⑶The weather was I couldn’t go out.‎ ‎ ⑷She isn’t such a careless student you think she is.‎ ‎ (KEY: ⑴as (that) ⑵such as ⑶such that ⑷as )‎ ‎7.其它： ① 插入语: He ran from the station which I thought was impossible.‎ ‎( which, I thought, was…)‎ ‎② 并列主从句，两个或多个定语从句由and, but, or连接，共同修饰一个词： I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, and who make life worth living. ‎ ‎ 第二部分 英语主要从句精讲精练 巩固练习部分 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句 1. Sorry. I’ve forgotten the place ____________(你们谈论的)just now.(talk)‎ 1. Every day, __________(不管天气怎么样), she walks ten miles from home to school.(what)‎ 2. Facing so mnch work, they didn’t know________________(他们什么时候会休息)。(have)‎ 3. ‎______________(这是常有的事),I review my lessons after doing alll the homework..(case)‎ 4. The reason ___________(为什么他不能上大学) was that his grades were too low.(college)‎ 5. Please take warm clothes___________(以防天气变冷)。（become）‎ 6. ‎_____________(他们还没来得及锁门)，a new wave came, sweeping down the door, and sweeping them down too.(lock)‎ 7. The English teacher ______(经常提醒我们) work hard will be sent abroad next month.(remind)‎ 8. He has great difficulty in working out the problem, so we should do all_________(尽力帮助他)（can）‎ 9. Nothing could have saved him____________(即使他得到治疗) with best medicine.(if ,treat)‎ 10. The fact______________(他被谋杀) makes everyone in his office upset.(murder)‎ 11. The students satopped talking ________________(铃声一响)。(moment)‎ 12. I hope that you practise reading English every day. Only in that way ______________(你才能提高) your spoken English.(improve)‎ 13. He let the boy wash dishes,_____________(没有洗过) for at least a week.(clean)‎ 14. The most important thing ______________(你应该注意的) is what I just told you.(attention)‎ 15. The result of the match was very satisfying, just______________(正如我们所期盼的)。（as）‎ 16. You’d better put these books _____________(原地) so that others can read them。（be）‎ 17. Recently,Tom has been working hard, so Iwonder ________(进展得怎么样) his studies.(get)‎ 18. ‎__________________（他是否对艺术有鉴赏力） isn’t known to us.(eye)‎ 19. ‎____________________(他们所拥有的共同之处) is that they are all independent.(common)‎ 20. ‎___________(使我真正感到失望的是) is that he failed in the examination again.(disappoint)‎ 21. As the stories of the witnesses are quite different, the police ______(不知道相信谁)。（whom）‎ 22. ‎_________(不管人们来自哪里)，they really want to see the orignal beauty of Hawaii.(come)‎ 23. Franklin’s experiment showed that lightning ___________(和电是一样的)。（be）‎ 24. ‎________________（我绝对没有想到）he had failed in the exam. (occur)‎ 25. ‎____________(你有没有想过) that I might like to be on my own occasionally ?(occur)‎ 26. It was __________(直到两天后) that he was informed of the latest news.( until)‎ 27. I’ll go to the party with you _____(条件是) you don’t wear those strange trousers.(condition)‎ 28. ‎____________（不管它有多远）， I intend to drive there today.(however)‎ 29. We must respect the old and love the young __________(无论我们在哪里)。（where）‎ ‎ 二．◆典型陷阱题分析◆‎ ‎1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.‎ ‎　　A. that B. what C. that that D. what what ‎2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.‎ ‎　　A. which B. how C. what D. having 请再做下面一题：He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”‎ ‎　　A. that B. what C. which D. as ‎3. “Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.‎ ‎　　A. this B. that C. all that D. that all ‎4. “When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”‎ A. they will, will they B. will they, they will C. they will, they will D. will they, will they ‎(1) None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.‎ ‎　　A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries ‎　　C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry ‎(2) “Where _______ go to work?” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”‎ A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we ‎5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.‎ ‎　　A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is ‎6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves? ‎ ‎　　A. who B. which C. that D. what ‎(1) Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.‎ ‎　　A. who B. which C. that D. what ‎(2) I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.‎ ‎　　A. who B. which C. that D. what ‎(3) He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.‎ ‎　　A. that B. which C. as D. because 三．◆精编陷阱题训练◆‎ ‎1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.‎ ‎　　A. it B. which C. that D. what ‎2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___ it takes to do anything well.‎ ‎　　A. what B. which C. which D. how ‎3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.‎ ‎　　A. what B. which C. that D. when ‎4. “What were you trying to prove to the police?” “___ I was last night.” ‎ ‎　　A. That B. When C. Where D. What ‎5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is _____ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.‎ ‎　　A. that B. why C. where D. what ‎6. It is pretty well understood ___controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. ‎ ‎　　A. that B. when C. what D. how ‎7. _____she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.‎ ‎　　A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that ‎8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.‎ ‎　　A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether ‎9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.‎ ‎　　A. how, how B. what, what C. when, how D. that, what ‎10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants.‎ ‎　　A. what B. which C. when D. that ‎11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them. ‎ ‎　　A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever ‎12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. ‎ ‎　　A. What B. That C. When D. Because ‎13. Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late. ‎ ‎　　A. any, who B. every, whoever C. whichever, whoever D. either, whoever ‎14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through. ‎ ‎　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. That’s because ‎15. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. ‎ ‎　　A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever ‎16. _____medicine works in a human body is a question ____ not everyone can understand fully. ‎ A. How; that B. That; which C. That; which D. What; that ‎ 英语主要从句 精讲精练 答案 一． 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句答案 ；‎ ‎1.(that) you talked about ‎4.As is often the case ‎9.we can to help him ‎3. when they would have a rest ‎5.why he couldn’t go to college ‎ ‎8.who often reminds us to ‎2.no matter what the weather is like ‎6.in case the weather becomes cold ‎15.(that) you should pay attention to ‎11.that he was murdered ‎13.can you improve ‎16.as we had expected ‎17.where they were ‎27.not until two days later ‎28.on condition that ‎29.However far it is ‎7.Before they could lock the door ‎10.even if he had been treated ‎12.the moment the bell rang ‎14.which hadn’t been washed ‎18.how he is getting on with ‎19.Whether he has an eye for art ‎20.What they have in common ‎21.What really disappoints/disappoited me ‎22.don’t know whom to believe ‎23. No matter where the people come from ‎24.and electricity are the same ‎25.It never occurred to me that ‎26.Does it ever occur to you ‎30. no matter where we are 二．◆典型陷阱题分析◆答案 ‎1. 【陷阱】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不 可 能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B。‎ ‎【分析】正确答案选 D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即 在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。‎ ‎2. 【陷阱】可能误选A。【分析】最佳答案选 C。有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和 D也不能选。‎ ‎3．【陷阱】据字面意思误选A或B。【分析】答案选 D。假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say? 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all。‎ ‎4.【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。【分析】最佳答案选 B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。(1) C (2) C ‎5.【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。‎ ‎【分析】此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。比较以下两句：Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。‎ ‎　　 Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。‎ 第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词 someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。‎ ‎6. 【陷阱】此题易误选 A或B：选 A 认为这是指人的，故用who；选B认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)。 答案应选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。(1) C (2) C (3) C 前面两题 that 引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句(修饰the news)。‎ ‎◆精编陷阱题训练◆【答案与解析】1. 选D。what made matters worse 是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于 the thing that made matters worse。‎ ‎2. 选A。what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。‎ ‎3. 选C。that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。‎ ‎4. 选 C。答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：‎ ‎“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “______ she was a woman.” ‎ ‎　　A. What, What B. That, That C. What, That D. That, What ‎5. 选D。what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。‎ ‎6. 选 C。句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）‎ ‎7. 选 A。第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文表明的是结果，故用 why。‎ ‎8. B。what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。‎ ‎9. B。两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。‎ ‎10. 选 A。what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。‎ ‎11. 选 A。I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选 whatever。‎ ‎12. 选 B。that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因为 because 不用于引导主语从句。‎ ‎13. 选 C。两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C。‎ ‎14. 选 B。比较 That’s why… 与 That’s because…‎ ‎：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如下面一题选 D：I got wet all through. _______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.‎ ‎　　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. That’s because ‎15. 选 D。由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who。‎ ‎16. 选 A。how 引导主语从句，that 引导同位语从句。‎