高考英语一轮单元总复习Module1SmallTalk教案外研版选修6 6页

高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修六Module 1‎ 知识详解 ‎1.absence　n．　[U]缺乏，不存在，缺席 ‎(回归课本P8)Esther Greenbaum’s major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk.‎ 埃斯特·戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会聊天。‎ ‎11‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎【例句探源】‎ ‎①The absence of air and water makes it impossible to live on the moon.‎ 因为缺乏空气和水，所以(人们)在月球上居住是不可能的。‎ ‎②However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.‎ 然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。‎ ‎③Every time after a long absence from school，I feel really stupid because I am a bit behind the others.‎ 每次请过长假之后，我觉得自己笨了许多，因为比别人又落后了一些。‎ ‎④In his absence I looked to see what was on his desk.‎ 他不在时，我看了看他桌上有什么东西。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎1．(江苏启东中学)There being no witness on the spot，the police were delayed by the ________ of information about the crime.‎ A．analysis　　　　　　B．disappearance C．absence D．consideration 解析：选C。考查名词。句意：因为缺乏证人，警方因信息不足而耽搁破案。‎ ‎2.完成句子 ‎________________________________，Mr.Li is in charge.经理不在时，一切由李先生负责。‎ 答案：In the absence of the manager ‎2.apology　n．　道歉，致歉 ‎(回归课本P8)“Oh，sorry，”said Esther without any apology.‎ ‎“噢，对不起，”埃斯特毫无歉意地说。‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎【例句探源】‎ ‎①(朗文P70)I must apologise for the delay in replying to your letter.未能及时复信，我必须向你道歉。‎ ‎②The worker said that the boss must make an apology to him for the dirty words.‎ 那工人说老板因为说了脏话而必须向他道歉。‎ ‎③(牛津P78)We should like to offer our apologies for the delay to your flight today.今天航班误点，敬请原谅。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎3.On yesterday’s interview，he didn’t make a(n) ________ at all；what’s the matter with him?‎ A．apology　　　　　　　 B．appearance C．difference D．change 解析：选B。make an apology道歉；make an appearance露面，在场；make a difference有影响，使不相同；make a change有所改动。句意：在昨天的面试里，他根本没露面，他是怎么了？‎ ‎4．The captain ________ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.‎ A．made B．said C．put D．passed 解析：选A。考查固定搭配。make an apology to sb.for(doing)sth.因(做了)某事而向某人表示歉意。‎ ‎3.purpose　n．　目的；意图 ‎(回归课本P13)What’s the purpose of your visit to London?‎ 你到伦敦的目的是什么？‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎【例句探源】‎ ‎①(牛津P1609)The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.‎ 这本书旨在全面介绍这所大学。‎ ‎②Did you come to London for the purpose of seeing your family，or for business purposes?‎ 你到伦敦来的目的是为了要看望家人还是为了公事？‎ ‎③I haven’t got a pen，but a pencil will answer/serve the same purpose.我没带钢笔，不过铅笔也能起到一样的作用。‎ ‎④He stepped me on my foot on purpose，knowing it would annoy me.他故意踩了我的脚，知道这会激怒我。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎5.Forgive him，please.I don’t think he broke your ruler ________.‎ A．with care　　　　　　 B．on purpose C．for fun D．with aim 解析：选B。句意：请原谅他吧，我觉得他不是故意弄坏了你的尺子。on purpose“故意地”。‎ ‎6．(湖北武汉调研)After the talk both sides got what they had wanted.It was a win-win ________.‎ A．guidance B．tournament C．situation D．purpose 解析：选C。考查名词辨析。It was a win-win situation表示“这是个双赢的局势。”guidance“指导”；tournament“比赛”；purpose“目的”。‎ ‎4.imagine　vt.& vi.　想象 ‎(回归课本P13)Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room，or the café or party，etc.‎ 设想这样一种情形，在咖啡馆或聚会等场合，双方都认识的人离开了房间，两个陌生人开始互相交谈。‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎【例句探源】‎ ‎①I can’t imagine your working with such a boring man for as long as five years.‎ 我很难想象你能与那样一个无聊的人一起工作了五年。‎ ‎②(朗文P1033)I never knew my grandmother，but I always imagine her as a kind，gentle ‎ person.‎ 我从未见过祖母，但我总把她想象成一个心地善良、和蔼可亲的人。‎ ‎③(朗文P1033)You can’t imagine what a terrible week we had.‎ 你简直想象不出我们经历了多么可怕的一个星期。‎ ‎④In industry there is a view that Dongyirisheng design is always“beyond imagination”．‎ 工业界有一种说法，东易日盛的设计一直都“超乎想象”。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎7．It is difficult to imagine him ________ the unfair decision without any consideration.‎ A．to accept　　　　　　　 B．accept C．accepting D．accepted 解析：选C。imagine后面要接动名词的复合结构作宾语，即：imagine sb.doing sth.。‎ ‎8.What difficulty do you imagine ________ had to get the title of Miss Chinese International ?‎ A．she has B．has she C．having D．her having 解析：选A。句意是：你能想象到她赢得华裔小姐称号所受到的磨难吗？这句话用的是“疑问词＋do you imagine＋陈述句”语序。‎ ‎5.in addition　除此之外，另外 ‎(回归课本P3)In addition，you need to know how long you should stay，and when you have to leave.‎ 另外，你要了解你应该呆多久和应该什么时候离开。‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎【例句探源】‎ ‎①In addition to the names on the list，there are six other applicants.除了名单上的名字之外，还有6个申请人。‎ ‎②(朗文P21)The hotel itself can accommodate 80 guests and，in addition，there are several self-catering apartments.‎ 旅馆本身能容纳80位客人，除此之外，还有几个可供自己做饭的套房。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎9.The visiting Americans are also interested in Chinese food ________ Chinese culture.‎ A．in addition　　　　　　 B．except C．in addition to D．except for 解析：选C。句意为：来访的美国人除了对中国文化感兴趣，他们还对中国食物感兴趣。通过also一词可知，句中有“除……之外还有”之意，且Chinese culture作宾语，排除A、B、D。except for表示“先从整体上来说，然后再指出其中的一两点毛病来”。‎ ‎10．________ mountains of homework，students today are busy with all kinds of activities.‎ A．In addition to B．In spite of C．As long as D．Instead of 解析：选A。句意是：当今的学生除了堆积如山的作业外，还要忙着参加各种各样的活动。此处要用In addition to表示“除……之外还有……”。‎ ‎6.leave out　遗漏；漏掉；省略；忽略 ‎(回归课本P10)Notice how certain words are left out in informal conversation.‎ 注意一下某些词在非正式交际语中是如何被省略的。‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎【例句探源】‎ ‎①You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.你可以把故事中无趣的部分省略。‎ ‎②In your written work，you left out an important detail，so you couldn’t score a high mark.‎ 在你的书面表达中，你漏掉了一个重要细节，因此你不能得高分。‎ ‎③Leave him alone—he obviously doesn’t want to talk about it.不要打扰他，他显然不想谈这事。‎ ‎④Before we went on a journey，we left the cat with my cousin.我们出去旅行前托堂兄照看我们的猫。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎11．The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.‎ A．bring out　　　　 B．let out C．leave out D．make out 解析：选C。句意：老师进一步强调让学生们在复述故事时不要漏掉任何重要的细节。bring out阐述；使明白；let out发出；泄露(秘密等)；leave out遗漏；make out理解；辨认出。‎ ‎12.Leave me ________ of this quarrel，please—I do not want to get involved.‎ A．off B．alone C．over D．out 解析：选D。句意为：请别把我拉入这场争吵中——我可不想牵连进去。leave out遗漏，忽略；leave off停止；leave sb./sth.alone别打扰某人/某事；leave over留下。由题意选D。‎ 句型梳理 ‎1.【教材原句】　In fact，she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication，and as a consequence，she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth.(P8)‎ 实际上，她从来就没有学会社交的基本规则，因此，每次张嘴都会犯与之相关的错误。‎ ‎【句法分析】　every time在上文的句子中作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎①I get a different answer every time I add these figures up.‎ 每次我把这些数字加起来，就会得到一个不同的答案。‎ ‎(1)以名词短语的形式出现，用来引导状语从句的短语还有：the moment，the instant，the minute，the second，any time，next time，the first time，the last time，the day，the month，the week，the year，the morning，the afternoon等。‎ ‎②She came to the scene the instant she heard the news.‎ 一听到消息她就来到了现场。‎ ‎③The moment the result came out，she told us.‎ 结果一出来，她就告诉了我们。‎ ‎(2)immediately，instantly，directly等词也可以用作连词连接两个句子，表示两个紧接着发生的动作，相当于as soon as。‎ ‎④I came directly I got your message.‎ 我一接到你的消息就来了。‎ ‎⑤Make sure the property you are buying is insured immediately you exchange contracts.‎ 一交换合同，就应该立刻给所购房产买保险。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎13．The woman will think of her own child ________ she ________ these little children.‎ A．every time；sees　　　　‎ B．each time；will see C．next time；see ‎ D．all time；sees 解析：选A。every time为特殊连词，引导时间状语从句。主句用将来时，从句用现在时表将来。‎ ‎14.You can have the book ________ I finish reading it.‎ A．so that B．because C．unless D．the moment 解析：选D。句意：我一读完这本书你就可以看了。the moment在此用作连词，相当于as soon as。‎ ‎2.【教材原句】　But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask，particularly if you clearly show you’re aware of cultural differences，they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions. (P11)‎ 虽然没有几位美国人会担心你可能问到的问题，尤其是如果你明显地表现出你是了解文化差异的，但是他们在问你类似的问题之前也许会犹豫不决。‎ ‎【句法分析】　(1)本句中的while...引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……但是……”。如：‎ ‎①While I admit that the problems are difficult，I don’t agree that they can’t be solved.‎ 虽然我承认这些问题很难，但我不同意说解决不了它们。‎ ‎②While I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person.‎ 虽然我承认他并不完美，但我确实喜欢这个人。‎ ‎③While they are my neighbours，I do not know them well.‎ 尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。‎ ‎(2)while还有“当……的时候”；“而”；“只要”的意思。‎ ‎④I hurt my leg while playing football.‎ 我踢足球时把腿弄伤了。‎ ‎⑤We know usually women stay at home and do all the housework while men go out to work.‎ 我们知道，通常女人们在家里做家务，而男人们则外出工作。‎ ‎⑥While there’s life，there’s hope.只要活着就有希望。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎15．(山东临沂第二次模拟考试)This study shows that ________language may differ，the order in which young kids learn the parts of speech appears to be the same across different languages.‎ A．since　　　　　　　B．so C．while D．but 解析：选C。句意：研究表明，虽然各种语言之间存在差异，但是小孩子学习说话的顺序好像在不同的语言中是一样的。while表示“虽然”。‎ ‎16.—Are you ready for Spain?‎ ‎—Yes，I want the girls to experience that ________ they are young.‎ A．while B．until C．if D．before 解析：选A。句意：——你准备好去西班牙了吗？——是的。我想让这些女孩子趁着年轻的时候去感受一下西班牙。‎ ‎3.【教材原句】　If you’re not sure what to talk about，you can ask what people do.(P11)‎ 如果你拿不准该谈论什么内容，你可以问人们从事的职业。‎ ‎【句法分析】　what to talk about在此处作宾语。‎ ‎“疑问词＋不定式”句型结构时，疑问词可用who，what，which，when，where及how，后接不定式构成不定式结构在句中作主语、宾语、表语。注意没有why to do形式。‎ ‎①When to start has not been decided.‎ 什么时候出发还没确定。‎ ‎②He didn’t know whether to go or not.‎ 他不知道是否该去那儿。‎ ‎③The difficulty was how to cross the river.问题是怎样过河。‎ ‎④I can tell you where to go.我可以告诉你去哪儿。‎ ‎⑤I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道如何做此事。‎ ‎【即境活用】‎ ‎17．(高考辽宁卷)—It’s no use having ideas only.‎ ‎—Don’t worry.Peter can show you ________ to turn an idea into an act.‎ A．how　　　　　　 B．who C．what D．where 解析：选A。句意：——只是有想法没有用。——别担心，Peter会向你展示如何将想法付诸行动的。本题考查疑问代词和疑问副词接不定式的用法。根据题意选how。‎ ‎18.I’ve worked with children before，so I know what ________ in my new job.‎ A．expected B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects 解析：选B。此处用“疑问词＋不定式”结构，表示“我知道新工作希望我做什么”的意思。‎