高考英语一轮复习单元阶段通关训练12 22页

‎2019届高考英语一轮复习单元阶段通关训练12‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎21. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _____, our minds are developed by reading. ‎ A. Probably B. Likely C. Similarly D. Generally ‎22. With many major economic problems _____ to be solved, there is no point predicting the growth rate of this year now. ‎ A. remaining B. remained C. have remained D. having remained ‎23. So, _____ the government has a good system of control or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear. ‎ A. as long as B. when C. unless D. every time ‎24. As to me, I like the independent lifestyle _____ the fact that I love my parents. ‎ A. because of B. in spite of C. apart from D. instead of ‎ ‎25. What he said just now _____ me of that American professor who once was one of my father’s colleagues. ‎ A. remembered B. memorized C. impressed D. reminded ‎26. He asked us to _____ them _____ carrying through their plan. ‎ A. assist; with B. help; to C. assist; in D. help; with ‎27. She recommended that Tom _____ the problem another way, and his expression suggested that he _____. ‎ A. should solve; agreed B. solve; agree C. solved; should agree D. solved; agreed ‎28. Eating too much fat can _____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. ‎ A. contribute to B. cause to C. attend to D. devote to ‎29. It is well-known that too much _____ to the sun can promote the development of many skin cancers. ‎ A. contact B. disclosure C. exposure D. exhibition ‎30. Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviours such as poor eating habits, which _____ increase the risk of heart disease. ‎ A. by turns B. by nature C. in nature D. in turn ‎31. I said hello to her when I met her but she _____ me completely and walked on. ‎ A. ignored B. greeted C. honoured D. recognized ‎32. We are always willing to cooperate with you, and _____, we may make some concession(让步). ‎ A. if necessary B. if only C. if ever D. if so ‎33. It was his fault that his car hit another one. He should _____ full responsibility for the accident. ‎ A. undertake B. take C. carry D. make ‎34. We’re going to _____ the production scale to produce more and better computers. ‎ A. enlarge B. grow C. spread D. enlarge upon ‎35. Babies are not born with _____ moral sense; they can’t tell _____ difference between right and wrong. ‎ A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. /; a 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）‎ A man was exploring some caves by the seashore. In one cave he ‎36 a bag of hardened clay balls. It seemed that someone had 37 some clay and baked the ‎ balls in the sun. They didn’t look like 38 things, but they interested him, 39 he took the bag out of the cave with him. ‎ As he walked along the beach he 40 the clay balls one at a time out into the ocean as far as he could. He thought 41 about it until he dropped one of the balls and it cracked open on a rock. 42 was a beautiful, precious stone. 43 , the man started breaking open the remaining clay balls. 44 contained a similar treasure. He found thousands of dollars’ worth of jewels in the 20 or so clay balls he had 45 , and then it struck him: 46 thousands of dollars in treasure, he could have had tens of thousands, with the 50 or 60 clay balls with their 47 treasures which were now in the ocean. He just 48 the chance. ‎ Sometimes it’s like that with 49 . When we look at a person, we usually only see “the outside clay shell”. It isn’t always beautiful or shining, so we 50 the person; we see him as less important than someone more beautiful or more 51 . But we haven’t taken the time to look for the 52 inside that person. If we spend the time getting to know that person, the clay will 53 and the brilliant jewel will shine. We are 54 made, not only with our physical bodies, but also with our spiritual selves, which are sometimes hidden 55 others by the “earthen shell”. ‎ ‎36. A. searched B. lost C. made D. found ‎ ‎37. A. rolled B. pressed C. dug D. cut ‎38. A. dangerous B. valuable C. annoying D. ordinary ‎39. A. while B. though C. if D. so ‎40. A. pushed B. put C. threw D. pulled ‎41. A. little B. long C. hard D. well ‎42. A. Out B. Inside C. Next D. Below ‎43. A. Moved B. Satisfied C. Worried D. Excited ‎ ‎44. A. Each B. Much C. None D. Few ‎45. A. given B. taken C. left D. dropped ‎46. A. in case of B. in return for C. instead of D. because of ‎47. A. hidden B. obvious C. well-known D. questionable ‎48. A. forgo B. missed C. abandoned D. faced ‎49. A. money B. life C. people D. friends ‎50. A. pity B. blame C. ignore D. hate ‎51. A. warm-hearted B. honest C. famous D. stylish ‎52. A. clay B. treasure C. ball D. shell ‎53. A. come off B. break away C. run out D. dry up ‎54. A. normally B. gradually C. wonderfully D. expensively ‎55. A. from B. behind C. with D. by 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ ‎（A）‎ Have you ever seen a Kunqu Opera, or heard ‎ the beautiful sound of a Guqin? These two ‎ traditional Chinese art forms are both included in UNESCO’s list of “oral and intangible heritage ‎ of humanity”. This year, China has selected ‎ another art form to compete to join this special group. Muqam (木卡姆), the traditional folk music of Xinjiang’s Uygur people will be considered alongside other countries’ entries. “The intangible cultural heritage of different countries and different people should be treasured by the world, ” said Wang Wenzhang, president of the Chinese‎ ‎Academy of Arts. ‎ Known as “the mother of Uygur music”, Muqam has a long history. Some scholars believe that its origins can be traced back to the “Great Western Region Melody”（西域大曲）. This developed during the Han (202 BC~220 AD) and Tang (618~907 AD) dynasties and enjoyed great popularity in central China. In the mid-16th century, the Silk Road connected China and Europe. Xinjiang was at the center of the cultural exchange between east and west. Muqam music was spread across Uygur-populated areas during that time. The queen of Yarkant Kingdom (叶尔羌汗国), whose name was Amannisahan, was a poet and musician. She devoted all her efforts to collecting and ‎ sorting Muqam music. With the help of other experts, she finally worked out 12 pieces of music, which became the famous Twelve Muqam. When Amannisahan was doing her work, she didn’t seek materials from the fully developed Arabian and Persian music. Instead, she exploited the rich resources of Uygur folk music that spread across the north and the south of the Tianshan‎ ‎Mountains. As a result, the Twelve Muqam has a strong Uygur flavor. ‎ The Twelve Muqam includes more than 340 classical songs, folk songs, love songs and pieces of dance music and instrumental music. The whole set takes 24 hours to play. Ever since it spread among the Uygurs, the Twelve Muqam has played an important part in their lives. They sing songs and dance to the music. Kurban Mamut, editor-in-chief of a Uygur language magazine, says that he often listened to the Twelve Muqam when he was a child. “The Twelve Muqam helps bring moral ideas to the Uygur children, and gives them a noble and strong personality, ” he said. ‎ After New China was founded, the local government of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region made every effort to preserve the Twelve Muqam. In 1960, two volumes of the Twelve Muqam were published. This finally protected this oral cultural heritage. Over the past two decades, local Xinjiang cultural institutions have supported research projects. A number of books about the Twelve Muqam have been published. CDs, and DVDs of the Twelve Muqam have also been made. ‎ ‎56. _____ made the greatest contribution to the spread of Muqam. ‎ A. The king of ‎Yarkant‎ ‎Kingdom B. The emperors of Tang Muqam C. Kurban Mamut D. Amannisahan ‎57. What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refer to？‎ A. The Twelve Muqam B. Two volumes of the Twelve Muqam C. A Uygur magazine D. The publishing of the Twelve Muqam ‎58. What is the best title for this article? ‎ A. Muqam, an art form of Xinjiang B. Please listen to Muqam C. The Twelve Muqam D. An introduction to Uygur folk music ‎（B）‎ Some people say that the best way to reduce the size of your waist is to do stomach exercise. Many people believe that when specific muscles are exercised, the fatty tissues ‎ ‎(组织) in the immediate area are burned up. The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the body and not from one ‎ specific area. Of course, if you reduce the fat throughout your body, you will certainly see results around your waist，too. ‎ ‎ Some people believe that you need to exercise twice a week in order to keep a sufficient level of physical fitness. However, studies directed by American scientists show that unexercised muscles lose their strength very quickly. Within 48 to 72 hours, you must use the muscles again to reestablish (重建) the good physical effects. And what does that mean to you? American scientists concluded that while daily exercise is most helpful, exercising every other day or three days a week will keep a sufficient level of physical fitness. ‎ ‎ Is it true that you burn more calories running one mile than walking the same distance? The answer is no. The truth is that you use the same amount of energy whether you walk or run the mile, since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance. The speed does not matter. Of course, if you run rather than walk for 30 minutes, you will cover more distance, and therefore, burn more calories. ‎ ‎ If your breathing doesn’t return to normal within 5 minutes after you finish exercising, you have exercised too much. Five minutes or so after exercising, your breathing should be normal, your heart shouldn’t be beating loudly, and you shouldn’t be tired. ‎ ‎59. If you want to reduce the fat around your waist, you should _____. ‎ A. do stomach exercise B. exercise the waist C. exercise all the muscles of your body D. run fast for 30 minutes ‎60. From the second paragraph, we learn that _____. ‎ A. we only need to exercise twice a week ‎ B. we should exercise three times a week ‎ C. muscles lose their strength after 48 hours D. we should exercise every other day, or three days a week ‎ ‎61. If you have exercised too much, _____. ‎ A. your breathing will take longer than 5 minutes to return to normal after you finish exercising B. your breathing will return to normal within 5 minutes after finishing exercising ‎ C. your heart will not be beating loudly D. you will be too tired to move ‎62. This passage tells us that _____. ‎ A. it is better to do more running than walking ‎ B. the more exercise you do, the healthier you will be ‎ C. the unexercised muscles must be used again within 48 to 72 hours D. in order to lose weight, you have to run fast ‎（C）‎ ‎［2019临沂高二检测］‎ America‎’s greatest technological achievement, the ‎ Hoover Dam, now has a companion piece, a bridge held up by the longest arch in the Western Hemisphere（半球）. ‎ The Mike O’Callaghan-Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge,‎ which opened this month and connects the U. S.‎ states of Arizona and Nevada, crosses the vast chasm（峡谷）890 feet above the Colorado River that is controlled by the dam. ‎ The striking 1, 900-foot-long structure will improve traffic in the region and help protect the dam from being destroyed. It is the seventh highest bridge in ‎ the world, behind four in China, one in Papua New Guinea and one in the US state of Colorado. ‎ ‎“The Hoover Dam is the greatest civil engineering achievement in America’s history, ” said the bridge project manager Dave Zanatell. “Our goal was not to outdo or outshine it. Our goal was to, in a respectful way, do something that would be great for our generation and that would stand besides the Hoover Dam in a respectful and quality way that would become a part of Hoover’s legacy（遗产）. ”‎ Just as the Hoover Dam was built in the heart of the Great Depression（大萧条）and was seen as an example of the nation’s can-do spirit, some hope this project can also provide some uplift. ‎ The bridge is surprising: at 1, 050 feet, its support arch holds up a roadway that lies on 300-foot-long concrete pillars（柱子）, some of the tallest in the world. It contains 16 million pounds of steel. ‎ The idea of the bridge came into being in the 1960s because the top of the Hoover Dam has been a narrow two-lane road that is the fastest route from Arizona to Las Vegas and then the Pacific Northwest and Canada. ‎ Access to the dam from each direction is a dangerously winding route, but massive trucks and passenger vehicles shared it for decades. During the day, when thousands of tourists travel to the dam from Las Vegas three times as many accidents as on a normal road will happen. ‎ The bridge has a sidewalk on the side facing the dam. The wall on both sides is 54 inches high, so walkers can take photos there. ‎ ‎63．What is one of the purposes of building the bridge? ‎ A. To protect the dam. ‎ B. To save the cultures. ‎ C. To outdo the dam. ‎ D. To develop the tourism. ‎ ‎64．The underlined word “uplift” in Paragraph 4 means _____. ‎ A. lift of the heavy object B. support in money C. spiritual encouragement D. instruction in technology ‎65．Which of the followings shows the right position of the bridge and dam? ‎ ‎66．The text is mainly about _____. ‎ A. the Hoover Dam B. western America’s development C. a tour along the ‎Colorado River D. a recently built bridge ‎（D）‎ One reaction to all the concern about tropical ‎ deforestation（砍伐森林） is a blank（茫然的） ‎ stare that asks the question, “Since I don’t live ‎ there, what does it have to do with me? ”‎ The answer is that your way of life, wherever ‎ you live in the world, is tied to the tropics in many ways. If you live in a house, wash your hair, eat fruits and vegetables, drink soda, or drive a car, you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests. ‎ ‎ Biologically, we are losing the richest regions on earth when, each minute, a piece of tropical forest, the size of ten city blocks, disappears. As many as five million species of plants, animals, and insects (40 to 50 percent of all living things) live there, and are being lost faster than they can be found and described. Their loss is immeasurable. ‎ ‎ Take rubber for example. For many uses, only natural rubber from trees will do. Synthetics(合成材料) are not good enough. Today over half the world’s commercial rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia, while the Amazon’s rubber industry produces much of the world’s four million tons. And rubber is an important material in making gloves, balloons, footwear and many sporting goods. Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use. ‎ ‎ Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect—or heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the ‎ atmosphere. As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen. ‎ ‎ Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century, warming the earth by as much as 4. 5 degrees. The result? A partial melt-down of polar ice caps, raising sea levels as much as 24 feet; even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast. Unbelievable? Maybe. But scientists warn that by the time we realize the severe effects of tropical deforestation, it will be 20 years too late. ‎ ‎ Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives? Now, you should have got the answer. ‎ ‎67. In the last paragraph the author tries to _____. ‎ A. tell people how to avoid the tropical deforestation B. persuade people to buy something synthetic C. show us how important it is to protect the tropical forests D. let people realize the effect of tropical deforestation ‎68. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? ‎ A. The forests are losing their function in turning carbon dioxide into oxygen. ‎ B. Many of our daily uses are related to the tropical forests. ‎ C. Tropical plants can be used to make industrial products. ‎ D. High carbon dioxide levels will make the earth warmer. ‎ ‎69. The author’s attitude towards the tropical deforestation is _____. ‎ A. puzzling B. cold C. supporting D. opposed ‎70. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? ‎ A. Tropical Forests B. Saving the Tropical Forests C. Tropical‎ ‎Forests and Our Life D. The Greenhouse Effects ‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Taj Mahal Shah Jahan finished building Taj Mahal in 1648. He was a rich and powerful emperor, and he built the Taj Mahal as a memorial for his wife. 71 The word “taj” means crown, “Mahal” was the name of his wife. Twenty thousand people worked for 18 years to complete this beautiful domed(圆顶屋) building. A thousand elephants carried huge stones and jewels from all over India and central Asia to the Taj. Shah Jahan wanted this memorial to be a burial place for himself and his wife. ‎ The Taj Mahal is on the Yamuna River in Agra in northern India. 72 Its picture is in most travel books and brochures. It is open daily from sunrise to sunset. For about fifteen rupees (or about US$0. 33), anyone can enter this peaceful and quiet place. ‎ As you enter, you pass through beautiful, silent gardens. From the gardens, you cross a wide courtyard. Suddenly, you see the dome of the main building through a tall, red sandstone gate. At daybreak, the Taj Mahal’s white walls turn rose. At noon, they blaze（发光）white. At dusk, they become dark grey. 73 ‎ After you pass through the gate, you step onto a wide stone platform. You look over another garden with pools. Everything is arranged carefully in fours. 74 The garden is divided into four parts. There are straight rows of colorful flowers and trees in each of the parts. At the four corners of the Taj Mahal, there are pointed tall towers. After the gardens, you go down stone steps towards the main building with the tomb and the graves of Shah Jahan and his wife. ‎ After hundreds of years, the Taj Mahal remains a lovely and peaceful place. 75 ‎ A. It was a monument of love. ‎ B. Four is a special number in the Moslem religion. ‎ C. Many people want to visit the Taj Mahal some day. ‎ D. This beautiful building is truly a jewel for all people. ‎ E. The Taj Mahal is most beautiful by the light of the full moon. ‎ F. To many people around the world, the Taj Mahal is a symbol of India. ‎ G. From the cool, dark gates, the Taj Mahal seems to float between earth and sky. ‎ 第二卷 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。 ‎ 删除: 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 ‎ 修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 ‎ 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; ‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ Many young boys and girls had the habit of smoking, though they are middle school student. As we all know, smoking do harm to human beings. More and more people have realized that how serious this problem is. But they are never boring with it. Some people think smoking is a kind of fashion, and other think smoking can refresh himself. In fact, smoking causes many illnesses. The most serious illness led by smoking is lung cancer. Meanwhile, smoking is the waste of money. What’s worse, careless smokers may cause danger fires. ‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 端午节是我国汉族人民的传统节日，‎ 农历五月初五为端午节（Dragon Boat ‎ Festival）。请根据以下提示写一篇100词 左右的介绍端午节的英语文章。提示如下：‎ 1. 节日来历：据说是为了纪念爱国诗 人屈原，也有人把端午节命名为“诗人节”；‎ ‎2. 主要活动：吃粽子和赛龙舟，我国从2019年起，把端午节作为法定假日放假一天，来弘扬传统文化；‎ ‎3. 影响：我国的端午节文化已传入周边国家，日本和韩国也有类似的节日。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【备选题】‎ Ⅰ. 任务型阅读（陕西）（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。‎ A. How a good teacher acts in class. ‎ B. Acting: natural expression of fixed words and movements. ‎ C. Teaching: a student-centered creative process. ‎ D. Similarities between teaching and acting. ‎ E. Differences between teaching and acting. ‎ F. A good teacher, not necessarily a good actor. ‎ ‎1. ‎ ‎ To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching in order to make its meaning clear. ‎ ‎2. ‎ ‎ Watch a good teacher and you will see that he does not sit unmoved before his class: he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, his hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express his feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. ‎ ‎3. ‎ ‎ The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak ‎ words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, and even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. ‎ ‎4. ‎ ‎ A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his audience. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along. ‎ ‎5. ‎ ‎ As a good teacher presently, you must take your audience as your friends, take care of them, help them and give them enough freedom and space. I have known many teachers who are fine actors in class but are unable to take part in a stage play because their brains can’t keep discipline: they cannot keep strictly to what another has written. ‎ Ⅱ. 情景对话（陕西）（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ ‎ 根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两个为多余选项。‎ Jack: Hi，Frank. ‎ Frank: Hi, Jack. ‎ Jack: 1 ‎ Frank: Yes. I have some books to read, but I can do it later. ‎ Jack: I want you to do me a favor. ‎ Frank: Go ahead. 2 ‎ Jack: Professor Smith is coming this afternoon. I am expected to meet him at the airport, but I have an important meeting to go to. ‎ Frank: I can do it for you. 3 ‎ Jack: He’s about your age, in his early thirties, tall and handsome. ‎ Frank: 4 ‎ Jack: Oh, about three o’clock. He is taking flight Number 231 from Detroit. Thank ‎ you. ‎ Frank: 5‎ A. See you this afternoon. ‎ B. How can I recognize him？‎ C. What do you want me to do? ‎ D. Are you free this afternoon? ‎ E. When should I leave for the airport? ‎ F. I am honored to meet the famous professor. ‎ G. Are you going to the meeting this afternoon? ‎ 答案解析 ‎21.【解析】选C。句意：我们的身体是通过锻炼来加强的。相似地，我们的头脑要靠阅读来提高。similarly相似地。‎ ‎22.【解析】选A。句意：有很多重要的经济问题有待于解决，所以预测今年的经济增长率没有意义。在with复合结构中，宾语problems和宾语补足语remain是主谓关系，故用remaining的形式，remain to be done表示“某事有待于被做”，主动形式表达被动含义。‎ ‎23.【解析】选C。句意：所以，如果政府没有很好的控制体系或不能很好地教育人们，森林将会逐渐消失。根据句意可知前面为一个否定的条件，故选C项，表示“除非，如果不”。‎ ‎ 24.【解析】选B。句意：对于我来说，尽管事实上我爱我的父母，但我喜欢独立的生活方式。because of因为；in spite of尽管；apart from除了；instead of而不是。‎ ‎25.【解析】选D。句意：刚才他所说的使我想起了曾经和我父亲做过同事的那个美国教授。remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事。其他几个动词一般不与介词of搭配。‎ ‎26.【解析】选C。句意：他请求我们帮助他们完成计划。help sb. (to) do sth. 或help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事，和题干结构不符合；assist sb. (in) doing sth. 帮助某人做某事, 符合句子结构，故选C。‎ ‎27.【解析】选A。句意：她建议汤姆以另外一种方式解决这个问题，他的表情表明他同意了。recommend后的宾语从句中要用should+动词原形，should可以省略，可排除C、D项；suggest作“表明”讲时，其后不用虚拟语气，故选A项。‎ ‎28.【解析】选A。句意：食入太多的脂肪可能导致心脏疾病和高血压。cause是及物动词；contribute to导致，促使；attend to照料；devote to致力于。‎ ‎29.【解析】选C。句意：众所周知，过度的暴晒会引发许多皮肤癌。contact接触，联系；disclosure揭发，透露；exposure暴露；exhibition展览。根据句意可知选C项。‎ ‎30.【解析】选D。句意：充满压力的环境会导致不健康的行为，比如不好的饮食习惯，而这些不健康的行为又会反过来增加患心脏病的危险。by turns轮流；by nature天生的；in nature本质上；in turn依次，反过来。‎ ‎31.【解析】选A。句意：我看到她时向她打招呼，但她根本不理我继续向前走。ignore忽视，不理；greet问候；honour尊重；recognize认出，识别。‎ ‎32.【解析】选A。考查if状语从句的省略结构。if necessary意为“如果有必要的话”；if only意为“但愿”; if so意为“如果是这样的话”；if ever意为“如果有的话”。根据句意“我们总是愿意与你合作，如果有必要的话还可以做些让步”可知，答案为A。‎ 独具【方法技巧】 if状语从句中的省略用法 一、if引导的条件状语从句一般的省略用法：如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语含有 be 动词的某种形式（ am/ is / are / was /were ），可同时省略从句的主语和 be 动词的某种形式。例如： ‎ If （ it is ） properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. ‎ 如果废物被妥善处理，就不会对环境有危害。 ‎ Once （you are）caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished. ‎ 在超市偷东西一旦被抓住，你就会受处罚。‎ 二、if 状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了 it is（it 为无人称代词）, that is, there is/are，或从句的一部分。例如：‎ If（it is） possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt. ‎ 如果可能/必要的话，将重建这座古庙。‎ If（that is）so, I will call you back at 5: 00 p. m. . ‎ 倘若如此，我下午 5 ： 00 给你回电话。 ‎ ‎33.【解析】选A。句意为：他的车撞上另一辆车是他的失误。他应当承担全部责任。undertake full responsibility承担全部责任。‎ ‎34.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意为：我们正准备扩大生产规模，生产更多更好的电脑。grow生长，种植；spread扩散，传播；enlarge upon详述，皆不合题意；enlarge扩展，扩大，符合句意，故选A。‎ 独具【方法技巧】“抛头露面”词缀en 英语是一种词缀非常丰富的语言。词缀有前缀和后缀之分。一般情况下，前缀只能改变词义，不能改变词性。而后缀恰恰相反，它只能改变词性，一般不能改变词义。一般来说，一个词缀只能用于一种情形，即不是用作前缀，就是用作后缀。但是，英语中有一个词缀en用法非常灵活，它既可用作前缀，又可用作后缀，用作前缀的时候可改变词性，用作后缀的时候有时也能改变词义。‎ 一、en用作前缀的情形 ‎ ‎1. en加在名词前面将该名词变为动词(当en用在以p, b开头的单词前面时，en要发生变化，变成em)。如：courage(勇气)—encourage(鼓励，激励); body(身体，主体)—embody(体现，使具体化); power(权力)—empower(授权，准许); danger(危险)—endanger(危害，使遭到危险)等。‎ ‎2. en加在形容词前将该形容词变为动词。如：large(大的)—enlarge(扩大，扩充); rich(富的，富裕的)—enrich (使富裕，使充实); able(能干的，有能力的)—enable (使能够，使成为可能)等。 ‎ ‎3. en加在动词前面，该动词的词性不变。如：fold(折叠)—enfold(包进，拥抱); join(加入，参加)—enjoin (吩咐，命令); lighten(减轻，使轻松)—enlighten(启迪，开导); bark(叫，吠)—embark (筑堤)等。‎ 二、en用作后缀的情形 ‎ ‎1. en加在形容词的后面将该形容词变为动词。如：quick (快的，迅速的)—quicken(加快); wide(宽的，宽阔的)—widen(加宽，变宽); sharp(锋利的)—sharpen(使锋利，使锐利)等。‎ ‎2. en加在名词后面将名词变为动词。如：haste (匆忙)—hasten (赶快，催促); length (长度)—lengthen(延长，使变长)等。‎ ‎3. en加在名词后面将该名词变为形容词。如：wool(羊毛，毛线)—woolen(羊毛制的，毛线的); wood(木头，木材)—wooden (木制的); gold(黄金)—golden (黄金的)等。‎ ‎35.【解析】选C。考查冠词的用法。moral sense是非感。第一空是泛指孩子不会生来就有是非感，因此用不定冠词a；第二空考查的是固定短语tell the difference between. . . and. . . , 因此正确答案是C项。‎ ‎　　一个人在岩洞里偶然发现了一个装着许多硬化了的粘土球的包。他把土球一一地扔向大海。后来他发现每个土球里都包着一颗宝石，那人后悔自己丢掉了许多本可以属于自己的财宝。作者感慨，我们看人也要注意不能只看表面。‎ ‎36.【解析】选 D。根据上下文，应该是他在洞穴里“找到了”一袋硬化了的粘土球。‎ ‎37.【解析】选A。roll在这里意为 make something into the shape of a ball，符合句意。‎ ‎38.【解析】选B。根据后面的but可知，这些球看上去应该很普通，不珍贵。‎ ‎39.【解析】选D。由于对这些东西感兴趣，他把它们带出了山洞。用so表示结果。‎ ‎40.【解析】选C。根据下文“. . . out into the ocean as far as he could”可推出，他尽力把粘土球一一扔向大海，故选threw。‎ ‎41.【解析】选A。根据上文可知，他并不认为这些球很有价值，因此在扔出它们的时候也没有多想。‎ ‎42.【解析】选B。根据下文“. . . contained a similar treasure”，这里是说球里包着宝石。‎ ‎43.【解析】选D。他意外地在粘土球中发现了宝石，因此应该是“兴奋的”。‎ ‎44.【解析】选A。根据下文的“He found thousands of dollars’ worth of jewels in the 20 or so clay balls”及“he could have had tens of thousands”，可知每个球里都有宝贝。‎ ‎45.【解析】选C。这里选left与上文的remaining对应。‎ ‎46.【解析】选C。如果他之前不将那些粘土球扔进海里，他现在应该有价值为tens of thousands的宝石，“而不是”只有价值为thousands of dollars的宝石。‎ ‎47.【解析】选A。结合上文可知，宝石是“藏”在粘土球中的。‎ ‎48.【解析】选B。50或60个藏有宝物的粘土球已被他扔入海中了，他“错过”了机会。‎ ‎49.【解析】选C。下文是由事及人，谈论看待人的问题。根据下文When we look at a person可知，谈论对象是一般人，并不仅仅局限于朋友。‎ ‎50.【解析】选C。句意：由于其外表并非总是美丽耀眼的，因而我们会忽视那个人。这里选ignore，与上文提到的没有发现粘土球中的宝石对应。‎ ‎51.【解析】选D。这里应填入形容人外表的词。‎ ‎52.【解析】选B。此处强调人的内在的宝贵的东西，就如同上文提到的粘土球中的宝物。‎ ‎53.【解析】选A。come off在这里表示“剥落，脱落”。‎ ‎54.【解析】选C。这里强调我们每个人都有其内在的财富，都是被“奇妙地”创造出来的。‎ ‎55.【解析】选A。这里是说我们精神上的财富别人不易发现。hide sth. /sb. from sb. “把……隐藏起来不让人发现”，是习惯搭配。‎ ‎56.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的The queen of Yarkant Kingdom, whose name was Amannisahan, was a poet and musician. She devoted all her efforts to collecting and sorting Muqam music.‎ ‎ 可知叶尔羌汗国的王后Amannisahan对木卡姆的传播作出了巨大的贡献。‎ ‎57.【解析】选D。代词指代题。根据划线词所在句的上一句可知，this代指上句中提到的the Twelve Muqam的出版。‎ ‎58.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本篇文章主要介绍了新疆民间音乐木卡姆的起源、发展以及现状，故选A项。D项范围过大。‎ ‎59.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the body and not from one specific area. 可知运动不会只燃烧某一部分的脂肪，而是全身的脂肪，故要锻炼身体的所有肌肉。‎ ‎60.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段可知每48到72小时之间必须活动才能保证充足的体力，所以专家得出结论：每天都练习是最有帮助的，每隔一天或每三天锻炼才是保持身体健康的基本要求。故D项正确。‎ ‎61.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，如果锻炼过头的话，呼吸在五分钟内很难能恢复正常，也就是说要超过五分钟。‎ ‎62.【解析】选C。推理判断题。最后一段提到散步和跑步，只要时间长度是一样的，起到的作用是一样的，故可排除A、D项，B项文中未涉及到。在第二段的第二句话. . . studies directed by American scientists show that unexercised muscles lose their strength very quickly. Within 48 to 72 hours, you must use the muscles again to reestablish the good physical effects. 可知C项正确。‎ ‎63．【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段可知建大桥的目的是改善交通和保护大坝，故选A项。‎ ‎64．【解析】选C。词义猜测题。由第四段可知胡佛大坝被认为是国民精神向上的象征，帮助国民树立有所作为的精神，故选C项。‎ ‎65．【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第一、二、三段及地理常识可以看出大桥及大坝的相对位置。‎ ‎66．【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是麦克·奥卡拉汉——帕特·提尔曼纪念大桥——胡佛大坝的伙伴。‎ ‎67.【解析】选C。最后一段用一个问句的方式告诉我们热带雨林的砍伐已经影响到我们的日常生活了，保护热带雨林是何等的重要。‎ ‎68.【解析】选A。第五段的最后一句As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.‎ ‎ 告诉我们，当我们失去雨林的时候，我们就会失去把二氧化碳转换成氧气的能力，可知并不是雨林正在失去它们的转化功能。‎ ‎69.【解析】选D。通过倒数第二、三段，作者指出了雨林被破坏后给我们带来的坏的影响可知，作者对砍伐森林的做法是反对的。‎ ‎70.【解析】选C。作者在第一段提到有些人对砍伐雨林的漠不关心，并分析了雨林在我们日常生活中的作用以及它的被破坏会对我们的影响，以及最后一段的再次点题可知作者想通过二者的关系说明雨林对我们来说是非常重要的，故C为最佳答案。‎ 答案：71~75. AFEBD 短文改错 Many young boys and girls had the habit of smoking, though they are middle ‎ have school student. As we all know, smoking do harm to human beings. More and ‎ students does more people have realized that how serious this problem is. But they are never boring ‎ bored with it. Some people think smoking is a kind of fashion, and other think smoking can ‎ others refresh himself. In fact, smoking causes many illnesses. The most serious illness ‎ themselves ‎ led by smoking is lung cancer. Meanwhile, smoking is the waste of money. What’s ‎ caused a worse, careless smokers may cause danger fires. ‎ dangerous ‎1. 【解析】第一句中的had→have 整篇文章在讲述一个普遍存在的现象，故时态都用现在时。‎ ‎2. 【解析】第一句中的student→students ‎ 根据句意不难看出主语是they，故用复数形式。‎ ‎3. 【解析】第二句中的do→does 主语是smoking，其谓语动词要用第三人称单数。‎ ‎4. 【解析】去掉第三句中的that how引导一个宾语从句，that是多余的。‎ ‎5. 【解析】第四句中boring→bored 修饰主语人时，要用bored的形式。‎ ‎6. 【解析】第五句中的other→others 作think的主语要用代词others，other是形容词，不可作主语。‎ ‎7. 【解析】第五句中的himself→themselves 结合上一题可知主语是others，是复数概念，故反身代词要用themselves。‎ ‎8. 【解析】第七句中的led→caused 根据句意“由吸烟导致的最严重的疾病是肺癌。”可知用cause，意为“导致”。与主语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎9. 【解析】第八中句中的the→a a waste of. . . 浪费，是固定短语。‎ ‎10. 【解析】第九句中的danger→dangerous 修饰名词fires要用形容词。‎ 书面表达 Dragon Boat Festival is considered as one of the traditional festivals in our nation, which is set on the fifth day of May on the lunar calendar. ‎ It is said that the festival is in honor of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan in the very beginning and it is also called Poet Festival. On that day, people will eat Zongzi and take part in dragon boat races to observe the traditional festival. Since 2019, our government has viewed it as a legal holiday to develop and expand our traditional culture. ‎ As a matter of fact, Dragon Boat Festival has a great influence on our neighboring nations，like Japan and South Korea. ‎ ‎【备选题】‎ Ⅰ.1.【解析】选D。本段的第一句提到作为一个好老师要具备演员的天赋：激起观众的兴趣，抓住他们的注意力等，可知本段在讲老师和演员之间有一些相似之处。‎ ‎2.【解析】选A。本段主要介绍了一个好老师在课堂上的典型表现，故选A项。‎ ‎3.【解析】选B。本段主要讲演员在舞台上把自己提前准备好的台词和动作自然地在舞台上表现出来，而老师的工作是不同的。‎ ‎4.【解析】选C。在讲演过程中，好老师的观众是参与其中的，老师的行为是以他的观众为中心调整变化的。教学过程不是事前记在心里的，而是要不断创造的，可知选C项。‎ ‎5.【解析】选F。本段讲到一个好老师在课堂能很好地表演，但不能够到舞台上去表演，是因为他们不能够完全按写好的剧本表演，老师不一定是舞台上的好演员。‎ Ⅱ.答案：1~5. DCBEF