2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（六） 27页

2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（六） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Castel dell'Ovo Tours Castel dell'Ovo is one of Naples' most famous monuments. It offers sweeping views over the city and Mount Vesuvius in the distance. The Basics The site on which Castel dell'Ovo now stands has a long history, beginning as a settlement for Greek colonists. The current castle was built in the 15th century, and today, the 19th-century fishing village of Borgo Marinari, known for its excellent seafood restaurants and marina （游艇停靠区）sits at the base of the castle. The Egg Castle The origin of the castle's name comes from a story about the Roman poet Virgil, who is said to have placed a magical egg in the foundations beneath where the castle now stands. As long as the egg stays well, Castel dell'Ovo will remain standing. Things to Know Before You Go •Castel dell' Ovo is a must-see for history and architecture enthusiasts. •Admission to the castle and the museum is free. •The inner halls of the castle are open to the public only during special events exhibitions; the ramparts (城墙)and towers are always open. •There is a lift from the ground floor to the ramparts, making the castle accessible to wheelchairs. How to Get There Castel dell'Ovo is located in the Bay of Naples just off the coastal road. Bus 151 from the train station and 140 from the port stop at Castel dell'Ovo. When to Get There The castle is open Monday through Saturday from 8:30 am to 7:00 pm, and Sundays and holidays from 8:30 am to 1:30 pm. The Prehistoric Museum is open only on weekends from 10:00 am to 1:00 pm. As Naples is one of Italy's most visited cities, its sights can be very crowded in the high-season summer months. Visit in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowds and to take advantage of the best light for taking photos from the castle's towers. Book Online or Call +1(702)648-5873 1. When can you visit Castel dell'Ovo? A. On weekdays from 9:00 am to 17:00 pm. B. On holidays from 8:00 am to 13:30 pm. C. On weekends from 8:00 to 13:00 pm. D. On Sundays from 8:30 am to 19:00 pm. 2. What should you know before you tour Castel dell'Ovo? A. Those with leg problems cannot tour the ramparts. B. The tickets have to be booked in advance. C. The towers can be visited only during special events. D. It's easily accessible by bus from the train station. 3. Which statement of the following is true about Castel dell' Ovo? A. The castle currently sits next to Mount Vesuvius. B. The castle was originally named after the Roman poet Virgil. C. The castle was originally built in the 19th century. D. The castle is also named the Egg Castle. 【答案】 1. A2. D3. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章为游客提供了去 Castel dell'Ovo 游玩的旅游指南。 Castel dell'Ovo（卡斯特尔德尔奥沃）是意大利城市 Naples（那不勒斯）最著名的古迹之一， 在这里游客可以远眺城市和维苏威火山的景色。 1. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The castle is open Monday through Saturday from 8:30 am to 7 pm, and Sundays and holidays from 8:30 am to 1:30 pm.”可知，星期一至星期 六上午 8：30 至下午 7：00 为该城堡的开放时间。A 项（星期一至星期五上午 9：30 至下午 5：00）在开放的时间范围内，因此游客可以去参观。故选 A。 2. 推理判断题。根据 How to Get There 这部分中的 “Bus 151 from the train station and 140 from the port stop at Castel dell’Ovo.”(火车站有 151 路公交车，港口有 140 路公 交车，均在 Castel dell'Ovo 停车)可知，从火车站乘公共汽车很容易到达 Castel dell'Ovo。 故选 D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段的描述“The origin of the castle's name comes from a story about the Roman poet Virgil, who is said to have placed a magical egg in the foundations beneath where the castle now stands. As long as the egg stays well, Castel dell'Ovo will remain standing. ”(城堡名称来自一个关于罗马诗人 Virgil 的故事， 据说 Virgil 在城堡现在所在的地基中放置了一个神奇的蛋。只要这个蛋保持良好状态，城堡便 会保持矗立状态。)可知，这里讲述了一个故事，因为这个故事，城堡有了 The Egg Castle 这 个称呼。故选 D。 B The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to clarify the new rules. The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds of waste: recyclable waste, hazardous (有害的) waste, household food waste and residual (剩余的) waste. Hazardous waste, as the name suggests, includes assorted poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides. Household food waste, which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese，refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers. Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste. The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs in this category. As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own ways to sort trash. “We should do this from a pig’s angle,”commented one netizen.“Those edible (可食用的) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don’t want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be hazardous waste. Those which can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste.” The new regulation has gone into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200. 4. What do the old thrown-away sweaters belong to? A. Residual waste. B. Hazardous waste. C. Recyclable waste. D. Household food waste. 5. What does “wet trash” have in common? A. They are completely wet. B. They all come from plants. C. They can give off bad smell. D. They can break up easily. 6. What is the tone of the netizen? A. Humorous. B. Serious. C. Delightful. D. Uncertain. 7. What is the main idea of the text? A. Shanghai bans four sorts of garbage. B. Shanghai launches garbage sorting enforcement. C. Citizens in Shanghai still question garbage sorting. D. Citizens in Shanghai welcome the garbage sorting policy. 【答案】 4. C5. D6. A7. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海执行新的垃圾分类规定，并对垃圾分 类给出了官方解释。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段的 Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.(纸，塑料，玻璃，铁制品和纺织品都属于可回收垃圾)可知， 纺织品属于可回收垃圾，扔掉的旧毛衣属于纺织品，故它是可回收垃圾。C. Recyclable waste. (可回收垃圾)符合以上推测，故选 C 项。 5. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的 Household food waste, which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese，refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.(家庭食物垃圾，中文也叫湿垃圾，是指食物剩余，腐烂的 食品，宠物食品，水果皮，中药残余和花等)可推测，湿垃圾有一个共同特征——容易降解。 D. They can break up easily.(它们容易降解)符合以上推测，故选 D 项。 6. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的 We should do this from a pig’s angle,”commented one netizen. “Those edible (可食用的) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don’t want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be hazardous waste. Those which can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste.(一位网友说，我们可以从猪 的角度来做这件事，猪可以食用的是家庭食物垃圾；那些猪都不吃的是残余物；如果一头猪吃 了什么东西死了，那些东西一定是有害垃圾；那些可以卖掉赚钱卖猪的是可回收垃圾)可以看 出该网友很幽默。故选 A 项。 7. 主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，其主旨一般在首段或者尾段。根据本文的主要内容，尤其 是第一段的 The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. (新的垃圾分类规定已定于 7 月 1 日在上海生效)和 Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to clarify the new rules.(值得庆幸的是，当局已经发布了一 份官方指南来澄清这些新规定)可知，本文主要讲述上海执行新的垃圾分类标准。B. Shanghai launches garbage sorting enforcement.(上海实行垃圾分类执法)可以概括本文主旨，故选 B 项。 C Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except what makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to. The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a mistaken concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country ’ s economic prospects? A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being throws some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more all-round assessment of how countries are performing. While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of common themes. Yes, there has been an economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and environment. This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the only measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different. So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes — all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being. 8. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he _______. A. praised the UK for its GDP B. identified GDP with happiness C. misinterpreted the role of GDP D. had a low opinion of GDP 9. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _______. A. the UK is unwilling to reshape its economic pattern B. many people in the UK don’t think much of GDP as the measure of success C. the UK will contribute less to the world economy D. policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP 10. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study? A. Its results are inspiring. B. It is sponsored by 163 countries. C. Its criteria are questionable. D. It removes GDP as an indicator. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards GDP as the most common measure of a country’s success? A. Favorable. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Defensive. 【答案】 8. D9. B10. A11. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过英国脱欧这个案例来引出需要考虑 GDP 这个评 价机制的好坏，GDP 已经不能全面衡量一个国家的进步与发展。 8. 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except what makes life worthwhile.”中可以看出 Kennedy 认为 一个国家的 GDP 衡量的是“除了使生命有价值之外的一切”。所以作者引用 Kennedy 的话语 是为了表明 Kennedy 也不看好 GDP 的作用，使文章更具有说服力。故选 D。 9. 推理判断题。根据第二段“By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?” 可知，以最新的标准衡量，英国的 GDP 一直是西方世界羡慕的对象，失业率创下历史新低和 经济高速增长。如果一切进展顺利，那么为什么有超过 1700 万人投票支持英国脱欧呢? 因此 可以推断出，在英国，很多人并不认为 GDP 是衡量成功的标准。故选 B。 10. 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more all-round assessment of how countries are performing.可知，年度研究得 到的启示是，为了对各国的表现进行更全面的评估，在卫生、教育和民众的社会参与度方面对 超过 40 多套标准进行了衡量，而不仅仅是关注国内生产总值 GDP，这个结果是令人振奋的。 故选 A。 11. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Kennedy 对于 GDP 的看法得到了作者的认可，虽然 GDP 一直是衡量各国经济活动的最常用方法，但作为一种衡量手段，它已经远远不够。它不 包括所有有助于人的幸福感的因素，例如环境质量或教育成果等重要因素。因此，作者对 GDP 作为衡量一个国家成功的最常用指标持有“批判”的态度。A. favorable 赞许的；B. indifferent 漠不关心的；C. critical 批判的；D. defensive 戒备的。故选 C。 D Picture a lecture session at a business school and your probably imagine students gazing at screens filled with equations（方程式）.What you might not expect is students attempting to sing “O clap your Hands”. But Bartleby was treated to this delight on a visit to Saïd Business School in Oxford earlier this year. There was a catch. Some of the students had to try conducting the chorus. The first to take the challenge was a rather self-confident young man. It didn’t take long for him to go wrong. His most obvious mistake was to start conducting without asking the singers how they would like to be directed, though they had the expertise and he was a complete beginner. The session, organized by Pegram Harrison, a senior fellow in entrepreneurship（企业 家精神）, cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have specialist knowledge. Other business schools have also realized that their students can learn from the arts. At Carnegie Mellon University , Leanne Meyer has introduced a leadership-training programme that includes poetry and a book club. She believed that involvement in such pursuits can help develop empathy（同理心） in future leaders and that the programme benefits students in terms of how they promote themselves to recruiters （招聘人员）. The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) has trained many great dramatists. It also offers training courses for managers. “Acting about finding the truth in the character and in yourself.” says Walker-Wise, one of RADA'S tutors. Being a manager involves a lot more than just setting targets. It requires empathy and a knowledge of human nature. An education in the arts might help develop those qualities. Above all, the students on Harrison's Course were experiencing something Bartleby never expected to see in those attending an MBA lecture they were having fun. 12. What does “this delight" in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Singing in a business class. B. Visiting Said Business School C. Picturing a lecture session. D. Gazing a screens full of equations. 13. Which of the fallowing best describes the session by Pegram Harrison? A. Common and influential. B. Educational and effortless. C. Challenging and instructive. D. Controversial and practical. 14. What should a leader do based on the conducting experience? A. Offer promotion opportunities. B. Value team members’ opinion. C. Set specific targets. D. Control every step. 15. How does acting contribute to being a manager? A. It provides entertainment. B. It develops goal-setting skills. C. It exposes the truth in business. D. It helps understand human nature. 【答案】 12. A13. C14. B15. D 【语篇解读】本文为说明文。本文通过在商学院进行的指挥表演的尝试，意识到学生可以从艺 术中学到许多东西，即艺术教育可能有助于培养未来领导人的同情心和对人性的了解。 12. 猜测词义题。根据 this delight 前后的内容“What you might not expect is students attempting to sing “O clap your Hands”. But Bartleby was treated to this delight on a visit to Saïd Business School in Oxford earlier this year.”你可能想不到的是学生们会唱 《拍起手来》。但今年早些时候，巴特比在访问牛津大学的赛德商学院时，却受到了这样的“this delight”款待。由前句“想不到学生会唱《拍手吧》”，用一个转折连词 but 来说明，巴特比 在访问商学院时，却受到（学生唱歌）的款待。分析选项可知 A 项符合题意，故选 A。 13. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The session, organized by Pegram Harrison, ... cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have specialist knowledge.” 这次会议由高级研究员佩格拉姆·哈里森组织，巧妙地让学生们学习了一些重 要的领导技能的课程。例如，领导者应该倾听团队的意见，特别是当他们的同事有专业知识时。 由此可推断出这种会议有指导性（instructive）。以及最后一段“An education in the arts might help develop those qualities. Above all, the students on Harrison's Course were experiencing something Bartleby never expected to see ....” 艺术教育可能有助于培养 这些品质。最重要的是，参加哈里森课程的学生们正在经历着巴特比从未料到的事情，...。由 此可知，学生们正经历着巴特比从未料到的事情，可知具有挑战性（challenging）。分析选项 可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C。 14. 推理判断题。根据第二段“His most obvious mistake was to start conducting without asking the singers how they would like to be directed, though they had the expertise and he was a complete beginner.” 他最明显的错误是，在开始指挥时没有询问歌手他们 希望如何被指挥，尽管他们有专业知识，而他是一个完全的新手。以及第三段 “...cleverly allowed the students to absorb some important leadership lessons. For example, leaders should listen to their teams, especially when their colleagues have” 哈里森认 为要让学生们学习一些重要的领导才能的课程。例如，领导者应该倾听他们的团队，尤其是当 他们的同事有专业知识的时候。由此可推断出基于指挥经验，领导应当重视团队成员的意见。 故选 B。 15. 推理判断题。根据第后一段中的 It also offers training courses for managers. “Acting about finding the truth in the character and in yourself.” says Walker-Wise, one of RADA'S tutors. Being a manager involves a lot more than just setting targets. It requires empathy and a knowledge of human nature. 还为管理人员提供培训课程。拉达 的一位导师沃克·怀斯说：“表演就是在角色和自己身上找寻真相”。作为一名管理者，不仅仅 是设定目标。它需要同情心和对人性的了解。 由此可知，作为一为管理人员，表演有助于理 解人性。分析选项可知 D 项符合题意，故选 D。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Even if you don ’ t know the more complex aspects of index funds, everyone generally knows what it means to be good with money. Spend less than your earn, save for the future, stay out of debt. 36. In fact, when we are talking about money management, we are actually talking about our psychological relationship with money. Fundamentally, our financial problems come from unmet needs. In the case of compulsive overspending, the problem is almost never that a person lacks self-control. 37. If you overspend on clothing, you don’t actually believe you need 1,000 items in your closet. More likely, you are uncomfortable with your body or status. Clothing helped you feel good about yourself in the past. 38. If overspending on restaurants, you are not so lazy that you can’t be bothered to cook a single meal. Rather, you are exhausted from doing things you don’t want to do. You need to give yourself energy in the form of a food high, one that will temporarily mask your unhappiness. The path to true financial health is not to reduce your life to a tight budget, 39. Instead of letting yourself be controlled by uncomfortable impulses, financial health is all about creating a budget that allows you to do what you truly desire in life. If your problem is low self-worth, invest strategically in things that will make you feel worthy. Maybe it’s a few amazing pieces of clothing that are tailored well and last long. Maybe it’s a few sessions of therapy. If your problem is burnout, invest in rest and relaxation. 40. When something shifts within you, something shifts around you. Not the other way around. A. Now, you think you are always one dress away from feeling at peace in your own skin. B. Consider reducing your working hours, or setting aside money for a personal trip. C. However, it’s easier to say than to do. D. but to turn to financial consultants for advice on how to manage your bank account. E. Rather, he usually has an unmet basic need which he is addressing through overspending. F. Money principles are simple; it’s human psychology that’s complex. G. but to take an honest look at your needs and meet them with long-term solutions. 【答案】 36. F37. E38. A39. G40. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了金钱的管理原则，即花的钱要比挣的少，为将来存 钱，不要欠债并分析了过度消费的原因。 36. 根据上一段中 Spend less than your earn, save for the future, stay out of debt.可知， 花的钱要比挣的少，为将来存钱，不要欠债。这是 F 项的 money principles（金钱管理原则） 的具体内容。根据空后 In fact, when we are talking about money management, we are actually talking about our psychological relationship with money.可知，实际上当我们谈 论金钱管理时，我们实际上是在谈论我们与金钱的心理关系，F 项的 psychology 与后面 psychological 对应，因此 F 项（金钱管理原则很简单，是人类的心理复杂）符合上下文语境。 故选 F 项。 37. 根据本段内容可知，从根本上说，我们的财政问题来自于未满足的需求，强迫性超支发生 的原因并不是一个人缺乏自控力。因此 E 项（而是说他通过超支来解决他未得到满足的基本需 要）与上文连接通顺。故选 E 项。 38. 空前讲“你不停的买衣服不是真正的需要那么多，而是为了掩盖对身体的不满意或体现自 己的身份和地位，衣服可以让你感觉良好”。 A 项（现在你认为你总是差一件衣服就会让自己 获得内心的平静）能够承接上文，这一部分是在谈在衣服方面的过度支出。本段下一部分是谈 在餐馆消费方面的过度支出。故选 A 项。 39. 空前讲“真正的财务健康之路不是把你的生活缩减到一个紧张的预算”。 G 项（而是要诚 实地看待你的需求，并从长期的角度找到解决方案来满足它们）能够承接上文，且与下文“金 融健康不是让自己被不舒服的冲动所控制，而是创造一个预算，让你在生活中做你真正想要做 的事。” 在语意逻辑上通顺。故选 G 项。 40. 根据空前内容可知，如果你的问题是“太累了”，那就在休息和放松上进行投资。因此 B 项（考虑减少你的工作时间或者预留一些钱来一次个人旅行）具体解释了如何投资，与上文连 接通顺。故选 B 项。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 In our daily life, if you feel sick or uncomfortable, you might 21 a doctor But what to do if you don't quite know 22 you fit into this world and you're tired of carrying that 23 alone? I answered 24 questions on life puzzles at the entrance to the Boston City subway at 55 th and 9th. A group of strangers had 25 because they were carrying around some 26 , meaningful questions that had 27 gone unanswered, like why can't I be happier in my life?" And then I 28 him, a little boy, who would be my 29 questioner of the day. He was about 6 years old and held his mother's hand 30 he craned （伸长脖子）his neck to stare at us. His mother stopped, but the boy 31 . "It's OK," I offered. Do you have a question?" The boy smiled at his mother, then 32 her hand to walk over towards us. He looked me 33 in the eye and said: "How do I know I'm real?" 34 I was back in graduate school. Should I talk about the French philosopher Rene Descartes to prove our 35 with the phrase "I think, therefore I am"? Or, 36 English philosopher G. E. Moore and his famous "here is one hand, here is the other," to 37 that the outside world really exists? But then the answer came to me. I remembered that the most important part of 38 was feeding our sense of wonder. "Close your eyes," I said. He did. "Well, did you 39 ?" He smiled and shook his head, then opened his eyes. "Congratulations, you're real. He smiled 40 and walked over to his mother, who looked back at us and also smiled. 21. A. seek out B. go out C. turn out D. make out 22. A. what B. where C. why D. when 23. A. experience B. message C. information D. burden 24. A. students’ B. passengers’ C. friends’ D. strangers’ 25. A. gone by B. pulled over C. stopped by D. dropped off 26. A. innocent B. interesting C. deep D. absurd 27. A. never B. long C. seldom D. little 28. A. recognized B. knew C. spotted D. witnessed 29. A. loveliest B. friendliest C. toughest D. smartest 30. A. as B. before C. until D. since 31. A. hated B. cried C. delighted D. hesitated 32. A. let go of B. caught hold of C. got rid of D. got away from 33. A. dead B. likely C. wide D. honestly 34. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Shortly D. Previously 35. A. criterion B. distinction C. existence D. appearance 36. A. talk B. refer C. consult D. mention 37. A. condemn B. confirm C. command D. consume 38. A. philosophy B. life C. work D. research 39. A. exist B. escape C. fly D. disappear 40. A. strangely B. broadly C. bitterly D. confusedly 【答案】 21. A22. B23. D24. D25. C26. C27. B28. C29. C30. A 31. D32. A33. A34. B35. C36. D37. B38. A39. D40. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”习惯于给人们指点迷津，回答陌生人对于生活感 到困惑的问题。一个小男孩问“我”，他怎么知道自己是真实的，“我”本想引用哲学家的话来 解释，但灵机一动让他闭上眼睛问自己是否消失了，小男孩由此得到了问题的答案。 21. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你生病了或感觉不舒服，可以去看医生。 A. seek out 寻找，寻求；B. go out 外出；C. turn out 最后是，结果是；D. make out 辨认出，弄清。身 体不适是需要看医生的，seek out a doctor 意为“看医生”。故选 A。 22. 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：如果你不知道自己在哪里融入世界并且厌倦了独自承担那种 负担，你会怎么做呢?A. what 什么；B. where 哪里；C. why 为什么；D. when 什么时候。 what 是代词，从句 you fit into this world 缺状语，因此不选 what。根据第三段小男孩提出 的问题 How do I know I'm real? 可知，小男孩的困惑在于不知道如何证明自己是真实存在 的。因此填入 where 后表示“在哪里融入世界”能够符合文章的主题，而 why（为什么）和 when（什么时候）不合乎主题。故选 B。 23. 考查名词辨析。句意：如果你不知道自己在哪里融入世界并且厌倦了独自承担那种负担， 你会怎么做呢?A. experience 经验；B. message 信息；C. information 信息；D. burden 负 担。根据第 2 小题的分析，小男孩不能找到问题的答案会让他有“负担”，自然地就会厌烦这 种“负担”，因此选择 burden 合乎文意。故选 D。 24. 考查名词所有格辨析。句意：我回答了陌生人关于生活难题方面的提问。A. students’ 学生的；B. passengers’乘客的；C. friends’朋友的；D. strangers’陌生人的。根据下文 第 5 小题前面的 A group of strangers 可知，作者在地铁入口回答一些“陌生人”生活中一 些困惑的问题。故选 D。 25. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一群陌生人之所以停下来，是因为他们带来了一些深奥而有意 义的问题要问我。A. go by 经过；B. pull over（靠路边）停车；C. stop by 路过并做短暂停 留；D. drop off 让（某人）下车，减少。一群陌生人有问题要问我，因此停下来。故选 C。 26. 考查形容词辨析。句意：一群陌生人之所以停下来，是因为他们带来了一些深奥而有意义 的问题要问我。A. innocent 天真的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. deep 深的，深奥的；D. absurd 荒唐的。根据 questions that had ______ gone unanswered 可 知，这些问题是没有人回答 的问题，说明它们是“深奥的”。故选 C。 27. 考查形容词和副词辨析。句意：这些问题很长时间都没有得到解决，例如：为什么我的生 活不能更快乐？A. never 从不；B. long 长久的；C. seldom 不常，很少；D. little 不多，少 许。never 、seldom 和 little 三 个 词 均 表 示 “否定意义”，unanswered（未解答的） 也表示“否定意义”，双重否定表示的是肯定意义，而陌生人找我寻找问题的答案说明问题是 没有解决的，因此排除它们。故选 B。 28. 考查动词辨析。 句意：然后我发现了一个小男孩。A. recognize 认出， 辨别出；B. know 知道；C. spot 发现；D. witness 见证。我在人群中“发现”一个小男孩。故选 C。 29. 考查形容词辨析。句意：他将是我今天最难以回答的提问者。A. loveliest 最可爱的；B. friendliest 最友好的；C. toughest 最艰难的；D. smartest 最聪明的。根据下一段中 I was back in graduate school. Should I talk about the French philosopher Rene Descartes to prove …English philosopher G. E. Moore and his famous "here is one hand, here is the other," 可知，我打算用两位哲学家的观点去回答他的问题，说明这个小男孩的问题是那天我遇到的“最 难的”问题，所以选择 toughest 符合文意。故选 C。 30. 考查连词辨析。句意：他一边拉着他妈妈的手，一边伸长脖子盯着我们看。A. as 当…… 时候；B. before 在……以前；C. until 直到；D. since 自从。使用 as 引导时间状语从句，表 示“他一边拉着他妈妈的手，一边伸长脖子盯着我们看”。故选 A。 31. 考查动词辨析。句意：母亲停下来，但那个男孩犹豫了一下。A. hate 憎恨；B. cry 哭喊； C. delight 使高兴；D. hesitate 犹豫。根据后面的 I offered（我主动说话）可以判断这个小 男孩此时有点犹豫，不敢去问作者问题，所以选择 hesitate（犹豫不决）符合句意。故选 D。 32. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：男孩向母亲微笑，然后放开她的手向我们走去。 A. let go of 放开； B. catch hold of 抓住；C. get rid of 摆脱；D. get away from 摆脱，离开。小男 孩之前拉着妈妈的手，妈妈停下来，他朝我们走过来，所以那个小男孩“松开”了妈妈的手。 故选 A。 33. 考查形容词和副词辨析。句意：他盯着我看，说:“我”怎么知道我是真实存在的？A. dead 死亡的；完全的；B. likely 可能的；C. wide 宽广的 ，充分地；D. honestly 真诚地。look sb. dead in the eye 是习惯用语，意思是“紧盯着某人看”。故选 A。 34. 考查副词辨析。句意：作者突然地回想起自己读研究生时的情形。A. gradually 逐渐； B. suddenly 突然；C. shortly 不久；D. previously 以前。该处表达是作者“突然地”回想起 自己读研究生时的情形，不强调一个慢慢的过程，所以选 suddenly。故选 B。 35. 考查名词辨析。 句意：我是否应该用法国哲学家 Rene Descartes 的名言“我思考，所 以我存在”以证明我们的存在？A. criterion 准则；B. distinction 区别；C. existence 存在； D. appearance 外观。根据第 17 小题所在的那句话中的 exists，得知这句话也是表达“存在” 的含义，使用的是名词形式 existence。故选 C。 36. 考查动词辨析。句意：或者提及那位英国哲学家 GE Moore 和他的名言“这是一只手， 这是另一只手”来证明外部世界是真实存在的吗？A. talk 谈话；B. refer 参考；C. consult 咨 询；D. mention 提到。此处表示我要“提及”那位英国哲学家和他的名言吗？故选 D。 37. 考查动词辨析。句意：或者提及那位英国哲学家 GE Moore 和他的名言“这是一只手， 这是另一只手”来证明外部世界是真实存在的吗？ A. condemn 谴责；B. confirm 确认，证 实；C. command 命令；D. consume 消耗。根据第 15 小题所在的那句话中的 prove，得知 这句话需要填入“证实”的意思。故选 B。 38. 考查名词辨析。句意：我记得哲学中最重要的部分就是去满足我们的好奇感。A. philosophy 哲学；B. life 生活；C. work 工作；D. research 研究。根据前文提到的哲学家的 名言，所以该处选用的是 philosophy（哲学）。故选 A。 39. 考查动词辨析。句意：你消失了吗？A. exist 存在；B. escape 逃走；C. fly 飞；D. disappear 消失。根据前文小孩的问题 How do I know I'm real？可知，此处作者问这个小孩他是不是 “消失了”，与前面的 real 对应。故选 D。 40. 考查副词辨析。句意：他咧开嘴笑了一下，然后走到他的妈妈身边。A. strangely 奇怪地； B. broadly 广泛地；C. bitterly 痛苦地；D. confusedly 混乱地。孩子找到了问题的答案：他 是真实存在的，所以很开心。smile broadly 意思是“笑容满面”。故选 B。 第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Tibetan antelope, also known as the Chiru, is unique to the Tibetan Plateau of China, 41. is the highest plateau in the world. The Tibetan antelopes are thin animals with four powerful legs and short tails, their bodies 42. (cover) with abundant white and light-gray hair. The Tibetan antelopes feed mostly on grass. In winter, they dig into the snow 43. (seek) food. They are good runners and can run for several hours in cold weather conditions, so they can sometimes escape from 44. (wolf), their main predators (捕食 者), easily. The Tibetan antelopes 45. (list) in the “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ” as endangered species with a population estimated to be 46. (little) than 35,000 and still on 47. decline. 48. (thank), effective measures have been taken by China and India to prohibit the Tibetan antelopes 49. being hunted. China has set up four nature reserves and thirty-two passages beneath the railways for the antelopes to immigrate. And both countries check the illegal trade strictly. People didn’t believe these would work at first, but now local people think they 50. (be) of great significance. 【答案】 41. which 42. covered 43. to seek 44. wolves 45. are listed 46. less 47. the 48. Thankfully 49. from 50. are 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。青藏高原的藏羚羊主要以草为生，但因为捕食者和人类的 活动，它们曾经濒临灭绝，现在中国和印度政府正在采取积极措施保护这一濒危动物。 41. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句关系词，先行词 Tibetan Plateau 在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词，又非限中不能使用 that，故填 which。 42. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格，cover 和逻辑主语 their bodies 之间 是动宾关系，故用过去分词，故填 covered。 43. 考查不定式。句意：冬天，它们刨雪来寻找食物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应填表 目的的非谓语动词，故填 to seek。 44. 考查名词的数。所给名词 wolf 是可数名词，根据下文的 predators 判断，此处用复数形 式，故填 wolves。 45. 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语动词，list 和主语 The Tibetan antelopes 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；结合上下文可知，此处讲述的是一般事实，故用 一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填 are listed。 46. 考查形容词比较级。此处应填形容词作为表语，根据 than 判断，此处用比较级，故填 less。 47. 考查冠词。此处是固定短语 on the decline“在减少”，故填 the。 48. 考查副词。此处应填副词修饰后面的整个句子，故填 Thankfully。 49. 考查介词。此处是固定短语 prohibit…from…“禁止……做某事”，故填 from。 50. 考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据 now 判断，为一般现在时， 主语是复数，故填 are。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 l 分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Last week, I planned to pay a visit my grandparents. They were so exciting to hear the news because we have not seen each other for a long time. But my best friend invited I to take part in his birthday party and share his happinesses. When I thought of a promise that I had made it, I found it hard to make a decision. Eventually I chose to refusing my friend's invitation. Seeing my grandparents smile and the deliciously food they cooked for me, I knew 1 did something correct. We must keep our promise, and we will lose trust from others. 【答案】1.visit 后加 to 2. exciting→excited 3.have→had 4. I→me 5.hapinesses→happiness 6.a→the 7.去掉 it 8. refusing→refuse 9.deliciously→delicious 10.and→or 【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者上周计划去看望祖父母。但他最好的朋友邀请他参加生 日聚会，作者很难做出决定。最后选择拒绝朋友的邀请去看祖父母。因为人要信守诺言，否则 就会失去别人的信任。 【详解】 1.考查固定搭配。句意：上周，我计划去拜访我的祖父母。 “pay a visit to...”为固定搭配， 意为“拜访......”，故在 visit 后加 to。 2. 考查形容词。句意：他们听到这个消息很激动。“exciting”意为“令人激动的”一般用于 修饰物；“excited ”意为“激动的”，一般用于修饰人或人的表情。本句是用于修饰主语 they， 是修饰人的，要用 excited。故把 exciting 改为 excited。 3.考查过去完成时。句意：他们听到这个消息很激动，因为我们很久没见面了。分析句子可知， 本句中“we have not seen each other”彼此没有见面是发生在“They were so exciting to hear the news”（他们非常激动）之前，是过去的过去，要用过去完成时，故把 have 改为 had。 4.考查代词 。句意：但我最好的朋友邀请我参加他的生日聚会。本句中的 I 在句中作动词 invite 的宾语，要用 I 的宾格形式 me，故把 I 改为 me 5.考查不可数名词。句意：但我最好的朋友邀请我参加他的生日聚会，分享他的快乐。句中的 happiness 是不可数名词，不能有复数形式，故把 happinesses 改为 happiness。 6.考查冠词。句意：当我想到我做出的承诺时，我发现很难做出决定。根据文章的内容“I planned to pay a visit my grandparents.”可知，此处是指前面许诺“我打算去看望我的祖 父母”，因此此处是特指 promise，要用定冠词 the，故把 a 改为 the。 7.考查定语从句。分析句子 I thought of the promise that I had made it 可知，本句是定 语从句，其中的 the promise 是先行词，在定语从句中作 made 的宾语，此时的 it 是多余的。 故去掉 it。 8. 考查固定用法。句意：当我想到我做出的承诺时，我发现很难做出决定。“choose to do...” 为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”。to 为动词不定式，后面要用动词原形，故把 refusing 改为 refuse。 9.考查形容词作定语。句意：看到爷爷奶奶的微笑和他们为我做的美味的食物，我知道我做了 正确的事。分析句子可知，句中的 food 为名词，修饰名词一般用形容词，而 deliciously 为 副词，故要把 deliciously 改为 delicious。 10.考查连词。句意：我们必须信守诺言，否则就会失去别人的信任。分析句意可知，前后句 意表示条件关系，即为“否则的话”，因此要用 or，故把 and 改为 or。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假如你是李华，获悉当地旅游局将举办“最美潮州”(Amazing Chaozhou)摄影大赛。请 写封邮件邀请你的美国外教 Mr. Smith 参加，邮件内容包括： 1. 作品要求：展示当地的风土人情，附上作品名称； 2. 投稿方式与截止时间：1 月 30 号前发邮件至 ac@chaozhou.gov.cn； 3. 表示愿意提供帮助。 参考词汇：旅游局：tourism administration 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯的； 3. 开头语己为你写好。 Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ Yours, Li Hua 【范文】 Dear Mr. Smith, How is everything going? I have some exciting news for you that the local tourism administration will hold a photo contest named “Amazing Chaozhou”. Knowing that you have a great passion for photography, I am writing in the hope that you can give it a try. The contest welcomes submissions about natural scenery, attractive figures or local customs, in which not only will people show their understanding of the city, but also they will express their love for it. It would be better if every photo is accompanied with a title. If you are interested in it, you’d better send your photos to ac@chaozhou.gov.cn and the deadline for entries will be Jan.30th. Such a great opportunity to share your precious experiences with us is it that I really hope you won’t miss it. I’ll be more than happy to be your helper and offer my advice. Looking forward to seeing your great works. Yours, Li Hua