高考英语语法名词性从句 4页

高中英语语法复习学案（名词性从句）‎ ‎ 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。‎ ‎（一）引导名词性从句的连接词 ‎ 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。‎ ‎ 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。‎ ‎ 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。‎ ‎ 注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。‎ ‎（二）主语从句 ‎ 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。‎ ‎ e.g. Who will go is not important.‎ ‎ 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。‎ ‎ e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.‎ ‎ 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。‎ ‎ e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.‎ ‎（三）表语从句 ‎ 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。‎ ‎ e.g. The question was who could go there.‎ ‎ 2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。‎ ‎ e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.‎ ‎（四）宾语从句 ‎ 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。‎ ‎ e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.‎ ‎ 2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。‎ ‎ e.g. I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work..‎ ‎ I’m interested in what you’ve said.‎ ‎ 3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。‎ ‎ ①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。‎ e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain.‎ ‎②用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。‎ e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此 句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）‎ ‎③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。‎ e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is true.‎ I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.‎ ‎④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。‎ e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.‎ ‎ They don’t know whether to go there.‎ ‎ Please come to see me if you have time.‎ ‎（五）同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。‎ e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.‎ ‎ The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.‎ 练习：名词性从句 一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：‎ ‎1. China is no longer what it used to be.‎ ‎2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.‎ ‎3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.‎ ‎4. How he persuaded the man ager to change the plan is interesting to us all.‎ ‎5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.‎ ‎6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.‎ ‎7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.‎ ‎8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.‎ ‎9. Do you remember the teacher who taug ht us English at middle school?‎ ‎10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.‎ 二、用适当的连词填空：‎ ‎1. I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.‎ ‎2. That’s ____________ he refused my invitation.‎ ‎3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.‎ ‎4. ____________ we need is more time.‎ ‎5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.‎ ‎6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.‎ ‎7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.‎ ‎8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?‎ ‎9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?‎ ‎10. I don’t know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.‎ 三、选择填空：‎ ‎1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.‎ A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact 2."Is Mary from New York City " "I don't know _______."‎ A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from ‎3.________ makes mistakes must correct them. ‎ ‎ A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever ‎4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.‎ A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got 5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey. ‎ A. while B. that C. if D. for ‎ ‎6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.‎ A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so ‎ ‎7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.‎ A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along ‎8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she ‎ wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ‎9. He asked me ________ with me.‎ A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure ________ he said is true. A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what 11. When and why he came here ________ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 12.I wonder how much ________. A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs 13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her. ‎ ‎ A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for 14.________ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late 15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer. A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done 16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless. A. for B. because C. since D. that 17. I don't doubt ________ he'll come. A. that B. if C. what D. whether 18. "Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang " "Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to." ‎ A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it 19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation. A. that B. which C. what D. of which 20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house. Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________. A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns D. with little she earns 21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well. ‎ A. That...what B. What...that C. That...which D. What...which 22. We gave him ________ help we could. A. which B. what C. that D. this 23. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him. A. that B. which C. all what D. all that 24. Excuse me would you please tell me ________ A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held C. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place 25. Do you happen to know ________ A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his 26. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 27. Where do you think ________ A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he 28. Do you know ________ A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the world C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is 29. Would you go and see ________ outside ‎ A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened C. what is happening D. what the matter had been 30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." is_______. ‎ ‎ A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I 31.________ I think he is Charles. A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is ‎ C. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is 32. He didn't know which room ________. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 33. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him. ‎ A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what 34. The city is no longer ________. ‎ ‎ A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be 35. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me. ‎ A. which B. that C. what D. all what 36.______ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good. ‎ A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does 37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of A. What...that B. That...what C. How...why D. Why...how 38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do A. That...what B. What...that C. Where...which D. Which...where 39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right. A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that 40. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work. A. if B. that C. whether D. which 41."Do you know ________ " "His father is a doctor." A. what is his father B. who is his father C. what his father is D. who his father is 42. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago ‎ A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which 43. It ________ Bob drives badly. ‎ A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that 44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things. A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever 45. They discussed _______ they could settle the problem without others' help. ‎ A. if B. that C. what D. whether 46. She asked ________. A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing 47. - May I borrow the ring - You can take _______ you like. A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that 48. He said that he was fond of ________. A. what beautiful is B. what is beautiful C. beautiful is what D. what it is beautiful 49. He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there. A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send 50. Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk ‎ A. who B. whom C. that D. whose 一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句 二、1. which; 2. why; 3. how; 4. What; 5. that; 6. when, where; 7. who(m); 8. what; 9. where; 10. whether 三、1-5.CDCDB 6-10.BABCD 11-15.ADCCA 16-20.DABCA 21-25.BBDDA 26-30.BCDCC 31-35.ABCDC 36-40.DABBC