上海高考英语一模冲刺讲义选 14页

精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义 学员编号： 年 级：高三 课 时 数：3‎ 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：‎ 授课类型 C 十一选十考情介绍与题型特点 C 十一选十做题技巧 T 十一选十能力提升 授课日期及时段 教学内容 一. 专题知识梳理 ‎2014年一模高频词汇 Ø 选项高频词汇：‎ 名词：cultivation; aircraft; consequence; competitor; investment; loyalty; prediction; applicant; specialty; concept; angle; position; philosophy; candidate; background; alteration 动词：plunge; reveal; count; extend; realize; allow; maximize; distinguish; contribute; expose; refer; obtain; divide; conceal; multiply; calculate 形容词：constant; precious; uncomfortable; enthusiastic; relevant; unconditional; initial; basic; cultural;‎ extraordinary; private; complicated; suitable; instant; dependent; flexible; proper; responsible; extinct; embarrassing; accurate 副词：repeatedly; carefully; properly; doubly; enormously; merely; regularly; normally; virtually; annually; equally; efficiently; physically Ø 一词多性：‎ farm; benefit; mirror; back; average; favor; access; challenge; change; respect; figure; monitor; still; balance; approach Ø 一词多义：‎ common; conduct; promote; still; monitor; approach; figure; multiply 二. 专题精讲 ‎（选自2014年一模）‎ l 一词多性：‎ 普陀一模：‎ 例：They _49 farmed_ with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone.‎ 解析：farm有名词（农场）和动词（干农活儿）两种词性，此处farm的形式和后面的lived, had是平行结构，应用过去时farmed。‎ 青浦一模：‎ 例：While both hens and ducks 43 benefit the garden by eating pests...‎ 解析：benefit一词多性，此处作动词，全句译为：母鸡和鸭子可以通过吃害虫给花园带来益处。‎ 松江一模：‎ 例：a way that 48 mirrors their company standards 解析：此处译为：反映(mirror)公司水平的方式。‎ 徐汇一模：‎ 例：employees will get its money __46 back__‎ 解析：get sth. back 译为“拿回…”，back同时可以做动词，有词组：back you up，表示支持。‎ 杨浦一模：‎ 例：Originally, it 42 favored_ candidates with a military flight background.‎ 解析：favor在这里作动词，表示“支持”。‎ 闵行一模：‎ 例1：In March the 42 release of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearest pictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds 解析：release既可以做名词还可以做动词，此处做名词，表示“发布”。‎ 例2：...including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 monitor .‎ 解析：monitor做名词表示“班长”，做动词表示“监管”，此处做动词用。‎ 浦东一模：‎ 例1：This allows the hospital to work more effectively than if we only 48 approach problems one way.‎ 解析：approach 做名词表示“方法；途径；接近”，做动词表示“接近；着手处理”，此处做动词用，表示“着手处理”‎ 例2：Having more male nurses will help create a positive__49 balance__ between male and female staff,‎ 解析：balance既是名词也是动词，都表示“平衡”，此处做名词用。‎ l 一词多义：‎ 青浦一模：‎ 例：Ducks are immune to some 41 common diseases found in hens.‎ 解析：common disease 翻译成“常见疾病”，common同时可以译成“共同的”例如： common goal。‎ 松江一模：‎ 例：He 42 conducted good research on the company’s core business.‎ 解析：conduct 进行；导电；指挥，conduct在这里译为“进行、做”。‎ 长宁一模：‎ 例：Errors and uncertainties 42 multiply__, cascading upward through a chain of turbulent features,‎ 解析：multiply大家熟悉的意思是乘法，本句考查增加，增多的意思。‎ 浦东一模：‎ 例：Male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients 46 still while they receive painful treatment 解析：still有“.静止的、不动的。仍然”的意思，此处表示“不动的”。‎ l 固定搭配：‎ 松江一模：‎ 例：Here are some tips to 44 maximize your chances of getting a job.‎ 解析：固定搭配：maximize the chances of，译为最大化做某事的可能性。‎ 徐汇一模：‎ 例：classes that are __41 relevant _ to their position 解析：与他们职位相关的等级，词组是be relevant to。‎ 杨浦一模：‎ 例：but also find unique ways to__41 distinguish__ themselves from the harsh competition.‎ 解析：这里需要一个动词原形，填distinguish和from搭配，表示“区别”。‎ 闸北一模：‎ 例：...so that the students may 46 refer__ to these points for reflection or further research.‎ 解析：这里需要一个动词原形，和to搭配，表示“参考”。‎ 三． 专题过关 检测题： （选自2014年崇明一模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ A. spread B. formal C. chance D. found E. objective F. experience G. divisions H. economical I. respect J. replaced K. classroom The idea of the youth hostel(旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the __41__.‎ He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.‎ The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was __42__ by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to __43__ the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had __44__ far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.‎ And then, in the year 1932, a(n) __45__ organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway,‎ ‎ Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.‎ The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get __46__accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores(家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the __47__ to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.‎ Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class __48__ and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain __49__, but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the __50__of staying in a youth hostel. ‎ Keys:‎ 41. K 42. J 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. H 47. C 48. G 49. I 50.F 解析：‎ ‎41：由句意可知，在......的外面，因此classroom比较合适.‎ ‎42: be +ed by 被动形式，所以填replaced.‎ ‎43: go on to do sth, 因此此处应填动词原形。由句意可知应当填found, 继续成立hotel。‎ ‎44：此处应填动词的过去分词，要注意spread 的过去分词就是原形，这一点较易错。‎ ‎45：冠词和名词中间可知应填形容词，修饰组织，可知应该用formal ‎46: 首先判断空格词性，accommodation 前可填形容词，根据句意，青旅的主意是为自然旅行中的年轻人可以得到经济实惠的住宿，因此选economical符合题意。‎ ‎47：get the ______ to do sth,可知应该填一个名词，在方框中所剩的名词中筛选，chance符合句意。‎ ‎48：此处空格前的class 应该理解为阶级，因此division比较合适，句意为“他们没有阶级区分，每个人都要彼此分享。‎ ‎49：gain 后面应跟名词，难点在于respect 即可做动词也可做名词，此处考生较易忽略respect 的名词意。‎ ‎50：通过词性判断，可知此处应为名词，另根据句意，可知应是从经验中学习，因此是experience。‎ 一． 专题知识梳理 ‎（选自2014年一模）‎ l 现在分词的考查：‎ 普陀一模：‎ 例：Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, while computers operate at _42 lightning__ speed.‎ 解析：本句考查现在分词作定语的用法，lighting speed形容光速或极快的速度。‎ 宝山一模：‎ 例1：Chances are you’ll see plenty of them with their heads down, tapping the screens of their tablets or 41texting on their smartphones.‎ 解析：本句中的texting 与tapping都是现在分词作伴随状语的用法。‎ 例2：When using a tablet, use a case that can back up the device at comfortable 49 viewing angle.‎ 解析：本句的viewing与comfortable共同作前置定语修饰angle。‎ ‎ ‎ 奉贤一模：‎ 例：And why even the smartest people get taken in by fake but 50 touching stories.‎ 解析：本句中的touching为现在分词作前置定语的用法。‎ 青浦一模：‎ 例：When 47 raising ducks, one has to consider just how many the land will support.‎ 解析：本题考查的是现在分词作时间状语的用法。‎ l 过去分词的考查：‎ 虹口一模：‎ 例：Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 45 unexpected death.‎ 解析：本题考查过去分词作前置定语的用法。”unexpected death”表示令人意想不到的死讯”。‎ 金山一模：‎ 例：If there is someone or something you dislike, you are still 45 limited , and your ability to give advice is reduced.‎ 解析：本句中的limited为过去分词作表语的用法。‎ 闸北一模：‎ 例：Most 43 complicated ideas and long sentences are avoided while symbols or abbreviations（缩写）are preferred instead. ‎ 解析：本题考查的是过去分词作前置定语。‎ 宝山一模：‎ 例：While these folks may be making good use of their time by staying 42 connected , their bodies are paying a heavy price for such convenience.‎ 解析：本句中中的stay为系动词，后面的connected为过去分词作表语。‎ l 较难词汇的考查：‎ 虹口一模：‎ 例：Many artists, however, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the 41 distinct areas of human activity. ‎ 解析：本题的distinct为形容词，意思是“明显的，独特的，有区别的”。‎ 黄浦一模：‎ 例：Journaling makes you accountable and more aware of what you’re eating, so it makes sense that it’ll keep you from _48_mindlessly chewing if you aren’t actually hungry.‎ 解析：mindlessly为副词，意思是“粗心大意地，不注意地”，在句中作状语修饰chewing。‎ 二．专题精讲 例1：（选自2014年嘉定一模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．‎ A. value B. shape C. designed D. understanding E. importantly F. economists G. response H. vast I. connected J. major K. amazingly Thirteen years after the launch of Taobao, China has risen to become the world’s second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kind of statistic that __41__ love, but it doesn’t really tell us anything about why so many people like to buy so many things online.‎ ‎　　Is it because its easy? Is it because of the __42__ selection? Is it because we want to feel __43__ to others without leaving the house?‎ ‎　　Taobao was in fact a __44__ to ebay’s entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma (马云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helped to __45__the nature of online commerce in China—what it looks like, how it works, and, most __46__, who its users are.‎ ‎　　Taobao’s aesthetic (美学) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other __47__online retailers (零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its __48__ of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were __49__ with the users in mind: a young, increasingly “connected” and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.‎ ‎　　When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young people in China strongly __50__ social interaction with their peers, so they made such interaction—everything from messaging to live chats to recommendations and reviews—a core part of the Taobao shopping experience. ‎ Keys:‎ ‎41.F 42.H 43.I 44.G 45.B 46.E 47.J 48.D 49.C 50.A 解析：‎ ‎41: 首先判断此空的词性，前面的that很显然是定语从句的引导词，statistic是先行词，那此空格处不可能是修饰love的形容词，love还可做动词用（这一点很多学生容易忽略），因此love 前应该是定从的主语，因此economists 比较合适。‎ ‎42: 从空格的位置可初步判断应填一个可修饰selection的形容词，然后根据句意，可知是庞大的，巨大的选择，因此选vast.‎ ‎43: 空格后的to是解题的关键，response和connected都可加to,但根据句意“是否我们想足不出户就感到与其他人有联系？”因此选connected.‎ ‎44: 空格后有介词to, response 放入此句中句意符合。‎ ‎45: help to 后应跟动词原形，但此题难点在于shape的词性有两种，既是名词又是动词。另外，后面一句讲的是淘宝网的各个方面，所以应该是马云帮助中国网上商业特性定型。‎ ‎46: 此空很明显应填副词。所给的词中，有importantly和amazingly，根据句意，并没有惊奇的意思，可知应该是importantly.‎ ‎47: 空格中应填的词性为形容词，修饰retailers, 根据句意，可知是major，要注意的是major的两种词性。‎ ‎48: 空格在its和of之间，可知应当是填名词。要注意的Ving也是名词性的，因此，understanding词性符合，另外，句意也符合。‎ ‎49: 根据空格的位置，可知应该是be +Ved +介词的结构。所以选designed. , 本句句意为“淘宝网的表现形式和运营方式是按照心目中的用户所设计的。‎ ‎50: 由strongly可知空格中应填动词，剩下了value和amazingly,学生易忽略value 的动词词性。‎ 例2：（选自2014年浦东二模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. ‎ A. rejected B. eventually C. various D. ready E. commercialize ‎ F. prospect G. delivered H. employed I. samples J. transplants K. inevitably ‎ Since its appearance in 2007, researchers at San Diego-based Organovo have experimented with printing a wide variety of tissues, including bits of lung, kidney and heart muscle. Now the world’s first publicly traded 3D bio-printing company is getting ____41____ for production. In January slices of human liver tissue were ____42____ to an outside laboratory for testing. These ____43____ take about 30 minutes to produce, says Keith Murphy, the firm’s chief executive Later this year Organovo aims to begin commercial sales. ‎ The invention of 3D printing provided a technology now ____44____ to manufacture everything from aircraft parts to body parts. But the ____45____ of 3D bio-printing is even brighter: to create human tissues for research, drug development and testing, and ____46____ as replacement organs, such as a kidney, for patients desperately in need of ____47____. Bio-printed organs could be made from patients’ own cells and thus would not be ____48____ by their immune systems. They could also be manufactured on demand. ‎ At present only a few of companies are trying to ____49____ the production of bio-printed tissues. But Thomas Boland, an early pioneer in the field, says that plenty of others are interested. He also estimates that about 80 teams at research institutions around the world are now trying to print ____50____ small pieces of tissues such as skin, blood vessels, liver, lung and heart. “It’s a wonderful technology to build three-dimensional biological structures,” says Gabor Forgacs, who co-founded Organovo in 2007. ‎ Keys: DGIHF BJAEC 答案解析：‎ ‎41. 【参考答案】D ‎【试题解析】词组get ready for，“准备”的考查，这个公司正准备投入生产。‎ ‎42. 【参考答案】G ‎【试题解析】此题是被动语态，根据意思很好判断，“在一月份，人体的肝组织被运到实验室里做测试”。‎ ‎43. 【参考答案】I ‎ 【试题解析】根据前面的“these”和谓语动词“take”可知这里应该填一个名词复数，I/J可供选择，根据意思选择I“样本、标本”。‎ ‎44. 【参考答案】H ‎ 【试题解析】分析句子成分可知这里填一个分词做后置定语，employ这里应该翻译为“应用、使用”，“3D立体印刷技术提供了一种可以用来制造所有东西的技术”。‎ ‎45. 【参考答案】F ‎ 【试题解析】根据所在位置是主语，谓语动词“is”是单数可判断，此题需填名词单数，根据意思（“前景光明”）和词形，选择prospect“前景”。‎ ‎46. 【参考答案】B ‎【试题解析】本题有点难度，要注意把一整句结合在一起看，“to create human tissues for research, drug development and testing, and ____46____ as replacement organs, such as a kidney”，“制造人体组织用于研究，制药，和测试，并最终作为器官的替代物，比如肾脏”，中间的研究、制药、测试到运用是层层递进的关系。‎ ‎47. 【参考答案】J ‎【试题解析】此题意思好理解，但要注意词性，“transplant”这里当名词用。‎ ‎48. 【参考答案】A ‎【试题解析】这题是很明显的被动语态，所以选择过去分词，备选项是A/G/H，根据意思和排除法，选择A，“不会被身体的免疫系统排斥”，这题也属于常识。‎ ‎49. 【参考答案】E ‎【试题解析】此题填动词原形，只有E/F可供选择，根据意思和排除法，选择commercialize“使商业化”。‎ ‎50. 【参考答案】C ‎【试题解析】这里需填一个形容词，根据意思和排除法，选择various“各种各样的”。‎ 三． 专题过关 检测题：（选自2014年高考）‎ A. alert B. classify C. commit D. delicately E. gentle F. impose G. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simply Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.‎ Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.‎ The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.‎ Keys:41. G 42. C 43.1 44. F 45. E 46. B 47. K 48. J 49. A 50. H 四．学法提炼 ‎1. 通过给学生介绍十一选十的考情及题型特点，让学生深入掌握在做题过程中对所给备选词词性及词义的掌握；‎ ‎2. 学生需要充分掌握那些一词多性及一词多义的词语的用法，学会在平时的学习中逐渐积累此类词语。‎ ‎ ‎ 一． 能力培养 能力一：（选自2014年闸北区二模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ A. cropped B. home C. desirable D. issue E. illegal F. scene G. presented H. worsening I. urban J. endure K. disturbed ‎ If this summer you pay a visit to Milan, the fashion centre of Italy, make sure you’re not caught eating ice cream in the streets after midnight as doing so is now ___41___.‎ A new law was passed by Milan’s city council banning the sale of take-away food and drinks after midnight in some districts which are famous for their nightlife ___42___. The purpose of this unusual move is, according to the city council, to discourage night gathering in downtown areas. ‎ The law inevitably has given rise to a number of protests, accusing that the government has ___43___ people’s normal lives. However, if you take into consideration the country’s ___44___ economy and its high unemployment rate, the local government’s fear of ‘night assembling’ may be reasonable.‎ In fact, Milan’s law is only the strangest of a host of restrictions on nightlife that have ___45___ up in European cities recently. Madrid’s city centre was declared a ‘low-noise zone’ last September and the city council has been refusing to ___46___ bar and club licenses ever since.‎ Why do European cities deal so strictly with nightlife? It may be because Europe’s population is getting older and can no longer ___47___ late night activities within the neighbourhood. ‎ In the past, bars and clubs bloomed in European city centres, which were ___48___ to working class populations. But gradually, these people began to move out of the city centres and into the suburbs. Only the wealthy and the upper-class people can afford to live in ___49___ centres now. But these people don’t go to bars and clubs to socialize. Instead, they consider fun-seekers who wander in their neighbourhoods annoying. They also worry that bars and clubs will make their neighbourhoods less ___50___ and devalue their housing property.‎ Keys: 41-45 E F K H A 46-50 D J B I C ‎41. 【参考答案】E ‎【试题解析】 illegal形容词。意思是“不合法的”。和上文的make sure not、as 结合，不难得出答案。‎ ‎42. 【参考答案】F ‎ 【试题解析】scene 名词。意思是“景象”。Their后面的中心词要加名词，按照句意是nightlife scene 夜景。 ‎ ‎43. 【参考答案】K ‎ 【试题解析】disturb 动词，意思是“打扰”。 此时的has 后面加done, 按照句意has disturbed people’s normal lives 已经打扰到人们的正常生活。‎ ‎44. 【参考答案】H ‎ 【试题解析】worsening 形容词。意思是“日益恶化的。按照句意the country’s worsening economy 国家的日益恶化的经济。‎ ‎45. 【参考答案】A ‎ 【试题解析】crop up 意思是“出现”。‎ ‎46. 【参考答案】D ‎ 【试题解析】issue动词，意思是“发行 发布”‎ ‎47. 【参考答案】J ‎【试题解析】endure动词，意思是“忍耐，容忍”按照句意It may be because Europe’s population is getting older and can no longer endure late night activities within the neighbourhood. 也许是欧洲的人口正趋老龄话，并且在附近/街坊再也不能忍受晚间活动了。‎ ‎48. 【参考答案】B ‎ 【试题解析】固定搭配be home to ：为…的所在地。‎ ‎49. 【参考答案】I ‎ 【试题分析】urban 形容词，意思“城市的”。urban centre：市中心。 ‎ ‎50. 【参考答案】C ‎ 【试题分析】desirable形容词，意思“令人满意的”make their neighbourhoods less desirable：使得住宅区令人不满意的。‎ 能力二：（选自2014年普陀区二模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. ‎ A. achieved B. authority C. available D. code E. dominated ‎ F. educational G. opinions H. matters I. related J. representatives K. symbolization It is important that students’ feelings, opinions and suggestions are listened to, taken into account, and that the right action is taken. There are a number of ways that this can be __41__, i.e. school councils, year councils and peer mentoring.‎ School councils Most schools have a school council which exists to let the teachers and head teacher know what students’ __42__ are on a range of school issues. The school council usually consists of two or three elected __43__ from each year group.‎ A school council might meet once or twice a month to discuss issues such as the dress __44__, the use of social areas, charity fundraising and bullying.‎ Year councils Because school councils are sometimes __45__ by older students, some schools have introduced year councils. The aim of a year council is to give students the opportunity to express opinions on __46__ of importance to that particular year group. The following is an example of the rules relating to a school’s council for year 8 (pupils aged 12-13).‎ The head of year will attend all council meetings as an observer and both they and the other year staff will be __47__ as required to offer support and advice to council members and to assist in the settlement of arguments.‎ Peer mentoring There are other ways in which students’ voices can be heard. One of the most popular schemes involves peer mentoring. Those who express an interest receive training to become mentors (导师) so that they are better equipped to help others. This starts from primary school age, when the mentors may get involved in issues __48__ to conflict resolution. At secondary school and at university, mentors are likely to deal with a larger variety of issues, such as __49__ and health-related matters.‎ The belief in schemes like these is that being heard by your peers can be more effective and helpful as fellow students may have more time and understanding than teachers or others in __50__.‎ Keys: 41. A 42. G 43. J 44. D 45. E 46. H 47. C 48. I 49. F 50. B ‎ 分析 41. 根据词性和语义判断此空应该填过去分词表示被动，结合语义“有很多种方式能够达（这种效果）”，选择A achieved。‎ 42. 根据词性判断此空应该填名词，结合语意：校委会就是让老师和教导主任了解学生对于一系列学校事务的“意见”，选择G opinions。‎ 41. 根据词性判断此空应该填名词，结合语意：校委会通常由两到三个被选出来的“代表”组成，选择J representatives。‎ 42. 此题学生比较容易出错，根据词性判断此空是名词后挖空，一般学生比较容易选副词，但是选项中没有副词，因此必须联想到名词修饰名词的情况，此题应填名词，code比较熟悉的意思有密码，编码，但是此处考察的是 dress code这个固定的说法表示“着装规范”，选择D。‎ 43. 根据词性和语义判断此空应该填过去分词表示被动，结合语义“因为校委会有时候是由高年级学生“说了算的”，选择E dominated。‎ 44. 根据词性判断此空应该填名词，结合语意：年度会议的目的就是让有机会去表达他们自己对于这一年中重要“事务”的看法的，选择H matters。‎ 45. 根据词性判断此空应该填形容词，结合语意：学校的领导和其他教职员工都要按照规定“出席”来提供支持...，选择C available。‎ 46. 根据词性和语义判断此空应该填过去分词放在名词后面做后置定语，结合语义“导师有可能会参与到一些“有关”冲突和解决方案的话题中去，选择I related。‎ 47. 根据词性判断此空应该填形容词，结合语意：“教育”和与健康有关的事务，选择F educational。‎ ‎50. 根据词性判断此空应该填名词，此题为固定搭配in authority，表示“处于权威地位的。‎ 一． 能力检测 检测1：（选自2014年黄浦一模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ A. calming B. regular C. doable D. electronics E. fuel F. hook G. incredibly H. maintain I. mindlessly J. treat K. weapons Here are four simple, healthy and, dare we say, fun ways to help you slim down and stay healthy.‎ Have your cake …for breakfast Aside from being depressing, the way to __41__ weight loss isn’t by feeling deprived. ‎ Scientists say that people who started off the day with a __42__ felt fuller and more satisfied, and that led to their sticking with the program as the day went on. Being hungry is no way to start your day, so __43__ up with protein and a mouthful of something sweet. And most of all, enjoy!‎ Sleep your way to weight loss Dr. Andrew Caloin, one expert of Mayo Clinic study, is quoted as saying, “If individuals are seeking to maintain a healthy weight or to lose weight, they should seek to get enough sleep on a __44__ basis.”‎ If you find it tricky to wind down at night, turn off the __45__ and engage in relaxing activities, like taking a bath or listening to __46__ music.‎ Journal to drop pounds The best __47__ for a dieter? Pen and paper! Women who wrote down everything they ate lost more weight than those who didn’t track their food intake. Journaling makes you accountable and more aware of what you’re eating, so it makes sense that it’ll keep you from __48__ chewing if you aren’t actually hungry.‎ Even a tiny bit of exercise helps your health Even 20 to 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the weeks (broken up into smaller chunks is fine) reduces your risk for all sorts of physical ills. And even 20 minutes a week can improve your mood. That really stuck with me. It’s easy to criticize ourselves or burn out if we make goals that are __49__ hard to achieve, but walking a few times a week is __50__ – and meaningful, too. ‎ Keys: 41.H 42.J 43.E 44.B 45.D 46.A 47.K 48.I 49.G 50.C 检测2：（选自2014年浦东一模）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be sued once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ A. efficiently B. still C. equally D. balance E. drag ‎ F. angle G. make H. physically I. approach J. position K. allow We need more men in our hospital, not as doctors, but as nurses. Over the last new years, I have found that having male nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital. There are several reasons for waiting male nurses here, not only because half the population in our country is male. Men ___41___excellent careers and are __42_____ good at taking care of others . In fact, many men take good care of their children, wives, parents, sisters, brothers, and even their nieces and nephews.‎ Another reason that men can become great nurses is that in general, men are ___43____ stronger than women. Male nurses can help ___44____heavy objects, or if, for example, a patient cannot move from the waist down, male nurses can help move the patient into a comfortable ___45____. Also, male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients ____46____ while they receive painful treatment, such as when bandages covering wounds are changed. Another advantage to having male nurses is that they see things from a different __47____ from women and bring a male way of thinking to problem-solving. This allows the hospital to work more effectively than if we only __48_____ problems one way. Having a mix of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster.‎ Currently , only 7 percent of our nursing staff are men; this number is far too low, and the problem requires correction. Having more male nurses will help create a positive ___49___ between male and female staff, and it will___50____patients the choice of a male or female career. I am determined to take on more male nurses here at Central Hospital. I will be organizing an open day soon to allow interested young men to visit our hospital and find out more about nursing. Hopefully, we will have more male nurses in our hospital soon !‎ Keys: 41-50 GCHEJ BFIDK 三. 能力点评 学法提升 ‎ ‎ 十一选十技巧提炼：选词填空解题技巧：‎ ‎1. 确定空格为名词 ‎(1) a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词；‎ ‎(2) n. v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)；‎ ‎(3) prep. n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。‎ ‎2. 确定空格为动词 ‎(1) n./pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词；‎ ‎(2) n./pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词；‎ ‎(3) n./pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配；‎ ‎(4) n./pron. link v./be. adj.,‎ ‎ 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词；‎ ‎(5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。‎ ‎3. 确定空格为形容词 ‎(1) adj. n. 或n. adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；‎ ‎(2) adv. adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词；‎ ‎(3) link/be v. adj.,即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。‎ ‎4. 确定空格为副词 ‎(1) adv. v. 或v. adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词；‎ ‎(2) adv. adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。‎ 课后作业 作业1：（选自2013学年浦外高三第一学期期中试题）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. ‎ A. necessarily B. negative C. worthwhile D. concentrate E. enriched F. motivate G. shift H. avoid I. mysteriously J. transform K. doubt If your life feels like it is lacking the power that you want and the motivation that you need, sometimes all you have to do is _____41_____ your point of view. ‎ By training your thoughts to _____42_____ on the bright side of things, you are more likely to have the incentive to follow through on your goals. You are less likely to be held back by _____43_____ ideas that might limit your performance. ‎ Your life can be enhanced, and your happiness _____44_____, when you choose to change your perspective. Don't leave your future to chance, or wait for things to get better _____45_____ on their own. You must go in the direction of your hopes and aspirations. Begin to build your confidence, and work through problems rather than _____46_____ them. Remember that power is not _____47_____ control over situations, but the ability to deal with whatever comes your way. ‎ Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries. Take your fear and _____48_____ it into trust; learn to rise above anxiety and _____49_____. Turn your "worry hours" into "productive hours". Take the energy that you have wasted and direct it toward every _____50_____ effort that you can be involved in. You will see beautiful things happen when you allow yourself to experience the joys of life. You will find happiness when you adopt positive thinking into your daily routine and make it an important part of your world. ‎ Keys: 41—50 G D B E I H A J K C 作业2：（选自松江二中2013学年第一学期期中考试高三英语）‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need A adequate B. exploring C updates D refunds E. unfortunate F. insult ‎ G. original H. remain I. inspecting J. submit K. unconvincing.‎ The Internal, Revenue(美国国税局）plans to delay the tax-filing season up to two weeks as a result of the 16-day government shutdown that ended last week.‎ The move could have an adverse impact on taxpayers who rely on timely __41__ to make ends meet, as they would have to wait longer to __42____their information for a check.‎ The delay was necessary to allow ___43___ time to program and test tax processing systems, after the partial government closure. The IRS is __44____ options to shorten the expected delay and will announce a final decision on the start of the 2014 filing season in December. The ___45___ filing season was set to begin on Jan, 21, It would begin no earlier than Jan. 28 arid no later than Feb. 4 with the delay. The usual April 15 filing deadline- will __46___in place as a matter of federal law. The IRS __47__ its systems' annually to reflect new tax law and to make programming changes. ‎ Some Republican lawmakers have expressed doubts about whether the IRS delay is past years without delay, its reasons are __48___‎ This is yet another __49 ____effect, of a shutdown that Republicans should have never caused. The entirety of the shutdown’s harmful impact won’t be known for months, if not longer. But 'what is already clear is that it has cost our economy tens of billions of dollars and tens of thousands of jobs. This tax-filing delay just adds __50___ to injury for Americans hoping to get a jump start on their tax refunds in January.‎ Keys: 41.D 42.J 43.A 44.B 45.G 46.H 47.C 48.K 49.E 50.F ‎