2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 1 Cultural relics（含解析）新人教版必修2 9页

Cultural relics 李仕才 一、阅读理解 ‎  A visit to Australia would not be complete without taking the chance to see some of these animals in their natural environment.‎ ‎    Frilled Lizard ‎    The Frilled Lizard is found in the eastern and northern parts of Australia, living within the bush. The Frilled Lizards frill normally hangs around its neck, and is made out of a flap of skin. When threatened the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill making it seen more dangerous.‎ ‎    Bandicoot ‎    There are several species of Bandicoot around Australia, and although occasionally they can be seen during the day, they are generally nocturnal. Bandicoots are small creatures only about the size of a rat and eat small insects and plants. Several of the Bandicoots around Australia include the Eastern Barred Bandicoot, which is now rare around Australia and the Southern Brown Bandicoot found in eastern and western parts of Australia.‎ ‎    Koala ‎    Koalas are small bear­like creatures that live along the east coast of Australia, with their habitat amongst(在……之中) the famous Eucalyptus trees. However, koalas only like to eat a small percentage of the Eucalyptus trees found around Australia. Koalas have hard black noses, with sharp claws and a thick furry coat and can grow to a weight of about ‎10kg. Most of their time is spent asleep in the trees, which is the best place to see a koala.‎ ‎    Dingo ‎    Dingoes are found in various areas across Australia, and unlike domestic dogs they do not bark. Instead,the Dingo makes a howling sound that is very particular. Dingoes generally eat mice, rabbits and rats, although sometimes they can also attack livestock when hungry.‎ 9‎ ‎1.When in danger the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill to ________. A.look more beautiful B.make itself comfortable C.frighten its enemy D.attract the opposite sex 2.What does the underlined word “nocturnal” mean in the passage? A.Dangerous when attacked. B.Active at night. C.Small in size. D.Gentle in the daytime. 3.According to the passage, which animal likes resting in the tree? A.Frilled Lizard. B.Dingo. C.Bandicoot. D.Koala.‎ 参考答案： 1.C; 2.B; 3.D 解析： 1.[细节理解题。根据原文对Frilled Lizard 的描述“When threatened the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill making it seen more dangerous.”可知,当Frilled Lizard遇到危险的时候会raise its frill其目的是为了吓唬来犯的动物。] 2.[词义理解题。根据原文对Bandicoot的描述“…and although occasionally they can be seen during the day, they are generally nocturnal.”可知,尽管偶尔在白天可以看到它们,由此推断出它们主要还是通常在夜晚活动,因此可知划线单词的意思与B项的解释最接近。] 3.[细节理解题。根据原文“Most of their time is spent asleep in the trees, which is the best place to see a koala.”可知Koala通常在树上睡觉。]‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·北京高考)The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.‎ 答案：that　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the little problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故用that。‎ ‎2．(2017·天津高考)My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.‎ 答案：whose　分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词，且与其后名词存在所属关系，故应用whose。‎ 9‎ ‎3．Mr Reed ________ (select) to represent us in the meeting has been sent to have a talk with them.‎ 答案：selected　由句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语。select与其所修饰的Mr Reed之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此填selected。‎ ‎4．It was clearly ________(evidence) that the company was in great difficulties.‎ 答案：evident　It is/was evident that ... 是常用句型，意为“很明显……”。‎ ‎5．Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how ________(survive) without friends in life.‎ 答案：to survive　“疑问词＋动词不定式”在本句中作表语，how to survive “怎么生存”。‎ ‎6．I don't really fancy ________ (do) business with him.‎ 答案：doing　fancy doing ... “想要做……”。‎ ‎7．He was severely criticized and ________ (remove) from his post.‎ 答案：removed　remove sb. from his post “开除某人”，此处是被动语态，因此填removed。‎ ‎8．It is said that the early European playing cards ________ (design) for entertainment and education.‎ 答案：were designed　be designed for “为……而设计”。‎ ‎9．We ________(face) the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?‎ 答案：could have faced　由后一分句可知，前一分句谓语应用could have done结构，表示“过去我们本来可以共同面对困难”。‎ ‎10．All the workers ________(belong) to the factory must obey the rule.‎ 答案：belonging　由句子结构可知，此处应填belong的非谓语动词形式，workers与belong to之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词belonging to作后置定语。belong to无被动语态。‎ 三、完形填空 It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help will __1__ out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired，and __2__ to climb further.With a broad __3__，he asked if I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed(瘫痪) in both legs and was __4__ funds for some operation.He said that if operated successfully，he could __5__ a training guaranteeing him a job.I was full of __6__ and even asked him to show his legs.I gave him the __7__ money.After a few 9‎ ‎ days，he again came at my doorstep asking for more money for accommodation.This time I was more or less __8__ he was not cheating me.I gave him some and said，“This is all I have.”‎ A year went by and I had moved to a(n) __9__ place.One fine day I got a call from an unknown number.Caller called out his name but I didn't __10__ him.Then he said he was the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago.‎ I asked him how he was doing.He said，“What sir, you recognize me not by my name but by my __11__ state.”‎ ‎“With your kind help I am now able to __12__ on my legs without support.I was operated __13__.I am married to a beautiful lady and have a stable __14__.”‎ I don't __15__ remember if I gave him my phone number.__16__，what he said next was touching.He said he wanted to return my money so that I didn't feel cheated and would continue to help people __17__ in the future.I don't know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears were __18__ down my face.That day I promised him I would continue to help people as I saw a(n) __19__—small or big.__20__ a lifechanged event of my life.‎ ‎1．A.send B．break C．bring D．turn ‎2．A.struggling B．substituting C．playing D．walking ‎3．A.look B．smile C．view D．whisper ‎4．A.finding B．raising C．seeking D．earning ‎5．A.pretend B．intend C．attend D．tend ‎6．A.interests B．minds C．worries D．doubts ‎7．A.remaining B．left C．hiding D．forgotten ‎8．A.informed B．prepared C．convinced D．outspoken ‎9．A.new B．old C．systematic D．bad 9‎ ‎10．A.remind B．recognize C．replace D．repeat ‎11．A.excited B．messed C．disabled D．stressed ‎12．A.live B．base C．focus D．stand ‎13．A.successfully B．surprisingly C．hopefully D．naturally ‎14．A.reason B．promise C．character D．job ‎15．A.also B．even C．already D．only ‎16．A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Meanwhile ‎17．A.in need B．in place C．in favor D．in advance ‎18．A.bringing B．putting C．running D．pulling ‎19．A.behavior B．case C．accident D．opportunity ‎20．A.Strangely B．Truly C．Generally D．Originally ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一次无意间的帮助改变了一位瘫痪者的一生。这件事也改变了作者的人生，让他决定继续帮助那些有困难的人。‎ ‎1．D　考查动词短语辨析。此处指作者从未想过一个小小的帮助最后竟成为他曾做过的最令自己满意的一件事。四个选项都能与out组成固定短语。turn out意为“结果是，最后成为”，符合语境。send out意为“发出”；break out意为“爆发”；bring out意为“生产，出版”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎2．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“paralyzed (瘫痪)”可知，他瘫痪了，所以此处应指他努力往前爬。A项意为“努力，挣扎”，符合语境。B项意为“替换”；C项意为“玩”；D项意为“走”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎3．B　考查名词辨析。根据前面的“broad”可知，此处应指他咧嘴微笑着。B项意为“微笑”，符合语境。A项意为“表情”；C项意为“观点”；D项意为“耳语”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ 9‎ ‎4．B　考查动词辨析。根据上句中的“help him with some money”可知，此处应指他在筹集手术资金。B项意为“筹集”，符合语境。A项意为“找到”；C项意为“寻找”；D项意为“挣得”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎5．C　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处应指如果手术成功了，他就能参加能让他得到一份工作的培训。C项意为“参加”，符合语境。A项意为“假装”；B项意为“打算”；D项意为“往往会”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎6．D　考查名词辨析。根据本句中的“even asked him to show his legs”可知，作者要求看看他的腿，所以对他所说的话应该是充满了怀疑。D项意为“怀疑”，符合语境。A项意为“兴趣”；B项意为“思想”；C项意为“担心”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎7．A　考查形容词辨析。此处指作者把手上剩余的钱都给了他。A项意为“剩余的”，符合语境。B项意为“剩下的”，不作前置定语；C项意为“隐藏的”；D项意为“被遗忘的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎8．C　考查形容词辨析。根据本句中的“he was not cheating me”和下句中的“gave him some”可知，作者给了他一些钱，有几分确信他并没有骗自己。C项意为“确信的，信服的”，符合语境。A项意为“见多识广的”；B项意为“准备好的”；D项意为“坦率的，直言不讳的”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎9．A　考查形容词辨析。根据上文的“moved to”及下文作者接到一个陌生电话可知，作者搬到了一个新地方。A项意为“新的”，符合语境。B项意为“旧的”；C项意为“系统化的”；D项意为“坏的”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎10．B　考查动词辨析。根据本句中的转折连词“but”及下文中的“you recognize me not by my name”可知，打电话的人报出了自己的名字，但作者并没有认出他来。B项意为“认出”，符合语境。A项意为“提醒”；C项意为“代替”；D项意为“重复”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ ‎11．C　考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Then he said he was the very paralyzed person”可知，作者不是通过他的名字而是通过他瘫痪的情况认出了他。C项意为“残疾的”，符合语境。A项意为“兴奋的”；B项意为“混乱的”；D项意为“有压力的”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎12．D　考查动词辨析。根据本句中的“without support”可知，此处指他不需要支架就可以自己站起来。D项意为“站立，站起来”，符合语境。live意为“居住”；base意为“基于”；focus意为“关注”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎13．A　考查副词辨析。根据上一句可知，他现在能够站起来，所以手术成功了。A项意为“成功地”，符合语境。B项意为“令人惊奇地”；C项意为“有希望地”；D项意为“自然地”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎14．D　考查名词辨析。根据常识及上文中提到的“guaranteeing him a 9‎ ‎ job”可推断出，他结婚了，还有了一份稳定的工作。D项意为“工作”，符合语境。A项意为“理由”；B项意为“允诺”；C项意为“性格”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎15．B　考查副词辨析。根据语境及上文中的“A year went by”可知，此处指作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码。B项意为“甚至”，符合语境。故答案选B。‎ ‎16．C　考查副词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码，但是他接下来说的话却令人感动。C项意为“然而”，表示转折，符合语境。A项意为“因此”；B项意为“否则”；D项意为“与此同时”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎17．A　考查短语辨析。根据语境可知，这位曾经瘫痪的人想将钱还给作者，这样作者就不会感觉到自己被骗从而以后可以放心去帮助那些有困难的人。A项意为“在危难中的”，符合语境。B项意为“在适当的位置”；C项不是短语；D项意为“提前”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。‎ ‎18．C　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处是指眼泪流过作者的脸庞。四个选项都能与down组成短语。run down意为“往下流”，符合语境。bring down意为“降低，打倒”；put down意为“镇压，记下”；pull down意为“拉下来，摧毁”，均与语境不符。故答案选C。‎ ‎19．D　考查名词辨析。根据语境及本句中的“small or big”可知，此处表示只要有机会，无论大小，作者都会继续帮助他人。D项意为“机会”，符合语境。A项意为“行为”； B项意为“事例”；C项意为“事故”，均与语境不符。故答案选D。‎ ‎20．B　考查副词辨析。根据全文内容以及第一段第一句可知，此处与第一句相呼应，指的是这的确是改变了作者一生的事情。B项意为“确实，的确”，符合语境。A项意为“奇怪地”；C项意为“大体上地”；D项意为“起初”，均与语境不符。故答案选B。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．The boy's behavior was high thought of by all the people present.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：high→highly　think highly of ... “高度评价……”。‎ ‎2．What can we do for them in return all the help they have given us?‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：return后加for　in return for ... “作为对……的回报”。‎ ‎3．It is very worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：very→well　be well worth doing ... “非常值得做……”。‎ ‎4．The rescue workers removed the stones in search for any survivor.‎ 9‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：for→of　in search of ... “寻找……”。‎ ‎5．There is no doubt what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other job in the society.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：doubt后加that　There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问……”。‎ 五、七选五 Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. ‎1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.‎ One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.‎ ‎ 3 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men. ‎ ‎ 4 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly . 5 ‎ A. However, women, on average, live longer.‎ B. The biological factor plays an important part.‎ ‎ C. Women are also helped by their female genes.‎ ‎ D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.‎ ‎ E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.‎ ‎ F. Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.‎ 9‎ ‎ G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文介绍了女性比男性寿命长的原因。‎ ‎1.A 根据空格下一句 ＂一般说，女性比男性多活6到7年＂可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长。故选A。‎ ‎2.G 根据空格上句＂男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性活得更久＂可知此空的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体分泌的控制身体各种功能的化学物质。故选G。‎ ‎3.D 根据下句＂它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染＂可知此空的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体。故选D。‎ ‎5.E 根据空格前两句＂一些人认为女性的身体细胞有比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性的身体细胞有老化较快的倾向＂可知E项＂最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能＂符合题意。故选E。‎ 9‎