南昌市2014高考英语完形填空训练7及答案或解析 11页

南昌市2019高考英语完形填空训练（7）及答案或解析 完形填空之记叙文解析 典型例题 1．短文内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明。 ‎ ‎ 2．文体由单一向多样性转化。近几年文体出现故事、新闻报道、应用文、夹叙夹议等文体，已经突破了单一的叙述文体。其考察的热点依次为：故事类、教育类、社会类、文化类、体育卫生类。所选文章情节曲折，趣味性强，结 ‎ 3．文章基本长度在270～290词之间，设空为20个，挖空密度在10～12词之间，体现了“在稳定中求发展”的命题指导思想，多为第一句不设空，考生可在第一句得到相关信息，如时间、地点、人物等，从而预测全文。‎ ‎4．备选答案以实词为主，虚词为辅，虚词又以连词为主。要求学生不仅能够熟练地掌握基础知识，还需综合文章前后逻辑，根据具体语境，从语言的准确性出发，排除干扰项的迷惑，选出最佳答案。‎ 应试高分瓶颈 随着完形填空朝着语言交际化，情景生活化，词汇应用灵活化方向性，要求语言应用与情景交际融为一体，当然难度不断增加，学生便对完型填空产生厌倦恐惧心理。常会在做题过程中，在未抓住文章主旨下，便以此为中心展开推测判断，往往断章取义，会导致偏差，甚至与文章的中心相悖，或是受思维定势干扰，对文章分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用，以致处于应付的状态，做题能力得不到提升，这就要求学生不仅拥有扎实牢固的基础，还要有一定的阅读能力与速度，以及综合逻辑与思维。当然，良好的心理素质是必须的，在做完形填空中做到“信息常识；上下呼应；搭配谴辞；逻辑贯通。”。‎ ‎◎命题点1 记叙文 ‎ ‎◎命题点2 人物故事 ‎◎命题点3 夹叙夹议 ‎ ‎◎命题点4 说明夹叙述 ‎◎命题点5 说明文 ‎ ‎◎命题点6 议论文 本类考题解答锦囊 ‎ 完形填空是一项综合性较强的试题，它往往被考生视为“老大难”题目。因为它不仅考查学生的语言、语法知识，而且还考查学生的英语背景知识，以及综合运用语言基础知识的能力。完形填空常考查考生以下七个方面：‎ ‎ 1．同义或近义词的辨析。‎ ‎ 2．词组固定搭配。‎ ‎ 3．动词的时态和语态。‎ ‎ 4．代词的复指。‎ ‎ 5．主谓一致性(包括名词单复数问题)。‎ ‎ 6．判断上下文的逻辑关系。‎ ‎ 7．阅读理解(包括日常常用知识)。‎ ‎ 完形填空在高考中占有很大的比例；做好这道题是能否获取高分的关健。那如何做到准确，迅速地“完形”呢?概括有如下三个步骤：‎ ‎ 一、泛读一通读全文，抓住主旨 ‎ ‎ ‎ 有的同学总是急于求成，想要一步到位，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读全文不但抓不住大意还浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或是“见木不见林”，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。‎ ‎ 大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意把握短文的整体内容。任何短文都是围绕一个特定的中心话题展开，抓住了话题便可“举目为纲”掌握短文的脉络；同时可以避免思维断线或漂浮不定，从而准确、迅速地“完型”。‎ ‎ 在通读全文的过程中，力求对文章的整体内容有个基本的认识，明确主题思想，认识文章结构，了解文章的层次(完形填空所给的短文一般是从交待背景开始，渐次推进，直至高潮，然后结局，环环相扣，条理十分清楚。)要想抓住主旨，关键在于首尾句。文章首句一般不设空，为一个完整的句子，通过此窗口，可掌握一些信息，如时间、地点、人物等，尾句为一篇文章总结，点睛之笔，由此可从整体上感知全文，进而理解全文。‎ ‎ 二、精读一细读全文，综合考虑，选出最佳 ‎ 词不离句，句不离文。针对任何一个选项，都要着眼于该选项所在句，并且要瞻前顾后，不仅仅考虑语法、句型、习惯用法、固定搭配等，还需要根据不同场合、不同人、不同的文化习俗，对生活常识的积累以及语感，文章的前后推论与照应，理清脉络，仔细推敲，去伪存真，选出最佳答案，切忌走马观花，断章取义，应付对待。可总结如下：‎ ‎ 1．在理解全文内容的大前提下，根据上下文相关内容进行判断选择，不要只考虑本句的意思需要和备选答案。例如：‎ ‎ 典型例题Give girls chance to 55 ，and they will ‎ A．think B．succeed C．perfOrm D．feel ‎ 答案且要确定这个答案必须理解全篇的内容，体会到作者写这篇短文的目的是通过讲自己喜爱冲浪而使人们认识到女孩可以做男孩所做的事，告诉人们要给女孩成功的机会，她们一定能成功。‎ ‎ 我们在做完形填空时，常会有这种感觉，开头几个空填不上，或者说不读完全文，无法填空，这时切记冷静，克服急躁恐惧心理，那么不妨暂时放过这几个空，继续往下，先易后难，随着阅读逐渐展开，逐渐入境根据下文的字里行间，直接或间接地找到所需要的信息，待全文填完,很清楚的情况下，剩下的难题就可做出，有一种“豁然开朗”之感，而不是“似懂非懂”。‎ 本类考题解答锦囊 ‎ 2．根据逻辑推理，从常识和常规的角度去考虑。例如： ‎ 典型例题The feeling l get when I’m surhngacross that 44 ， becomingone with the 45 ，islikeI’mweightless． ‎ ‎ A．beach B．water c．board D.1ake ‎ ‎ 答案B 根据常识可判断出冲浪是在水面上进行的。 ‎ ‎ 45．A．sky B．world C．earth D．ocean ‎ ‎ 答案D 冲浪是在海洋中进行的一项体育运动。作者感到自己与海洋成为了一体。 ‎ ‎ 3．从词语意义辨析方面进行选择。例如： ‎ ‎ (NMET，典型例题ertheyears，the story of the Yctis has 41 ． ‎ ‎ A．developed D．Changed C.occurred D．continued ‎ ‎ 答案D 根据这四个词的意思和上下文的内容可确定选项D是正确答案。 ‎ ‎ 4．从习惯用法、固定搭配的角度去考虑。例如： ‎ 典型例题You see，I dealt out my lOcker because l didn't wan mess(脏乱) 50 anyone else．‎ ‎ A.over D．into C.with D.for ‎ 答案D leave sth．forsb.把某物留给某人。我不想把脏乱留给别人。leave over省去，略去；1eavesth．with sb．把某物交给某人。‎ ‎ 5．善于总结概括全文内容，根据全文内容进行选择。例如：‎ ‎ I know then that Amy and I would be 50 and my firstyear of college WOUld be a success． ‎ ‎ A．sisters D．friends C students D．fellOW ‎ ‎ 答案B 从全文内容很容易排除选项A和D。根据Amy的热情接待，作者预感到她与 Amy会成为朋友。‎ ‎ 6．根据文章背景的意思需要，从语言结构上进行选择。例如：‎ I realized that 53 I had ddone that，I wuolddhavelostanew friend and missed a11 the fun we would have together．‎ ‎ A．before B．if C．while D．as ‎ 答案B 根据谓语动词是虚拟语气可判断出应用if填写。在表示过去的虚拟语气中，if从句用had+过去分词，主句用would(could)+have done． ‎ ‎ 7．注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译，据语感选择答案。‎ ‎ 出题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题的难度，考查学生的基本功和灵活运用能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的“语感”不要受母语的影响。这就需要较高的阅读能力和阅读技巧，是在大量阅读、科学训练的基础上发展起来的一种能力。‎ ‎ 三、验证——带入答案，复查全文 ‎ ‎ 把答案填入空白处，恢复短文的原貌，重新阅读全文，注重全丈是否连贯，语言是否精确，对因逐句理解而造成的片面错误进行调整，注重所选的是最佳答案而不是“正确”答案，必要时进行调整，切忌流于形式。常有同学做完完形填空后，便草草收场，结果让一些疏忽导致不该犯的错，造成试卷中的遗憾，所以最后一步尤为重要。‎ ‎ 综上所述，完形填空虽然难度较大，考查学生综合运用英语知识的能力，得高分较难，这就要学生了解高考完形填空的命题特点，并掌握此题的技巧，在平日训练中有的放矢，在熟练掌握语言、词汇、语法等扎实的基础知识和基本技能之上，在科学的训练之上，及时发现不足，及时总结，相信大家就能提高运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力，在做题时就能得心应手，事半功倍，马到成功。‎ 完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。‎ One night I decided to spend some time building a happier and closer relationship with my daughter.For several weeks she had been __1__me to play chess(棋)with her，so I suggested a game and she eagerly__2__.It was a school night，however，and at nine o'clock my daughter asked if I could ‎ hurry my moves，because she__3__to go to bed；she had to get up at six in the morning.I__4__she had strict sleeping habits，but I thought she ought to be able to__5__some of this strictness.I said to her，“Come on，you can stay up late for once.We're having__6__.”We played on for another fifteen minutes，during which time she looked __7__.Finally she said，“Please，Daddy，do it quickly.” “No，”I replied.“If you're going to play it well，you're going to play it slowly.”And so we__8__for another ten minutes，until __9___my daughter burst into tears，and __10__that she was beaten.‎ Clearly I had made __11__.I had started the evening wanting to have a __12__time with my daughter but had __13__ my desire to win to become more__14__ than my relationship with my daughter.When I was a child，my desire to win serve me well.As a parent，I __15__ that it got in my way.So I had to change.‎ ‎1．A.guiding　　　　　　　　 B．asking C．training D．advising ‎2．A.followed B．expected C．replied D．accepted ‎3．A.agreed B．needed C．begged D．hated ‎4．A.knew B．learned C．guessed D．heard ‎5．A.put up B．take up C．pick up D．give up ‎6．A.patience B．luck C．fun D．success ‎7．A.excited B．proud C．anxious D．angry ‎8．A.discussed B．continued C．counted D．argued ‎9．A.nervously B．immediately C．strangely D．suddenly ‎10．A.promised B．admitted C．wondered D．discovered ‎11．A.a mistake B．a decision C．an attempt D．an effort ‎12．A.free B．different C．full D．happy ‎13．A.managed B．recognized C．allowed D．reduced ‎14．A.important B．attractive C．practical D．interesting ‎15．A.realized B．apologized C．imagined D．explained ‎1．解析：ask sb.to do sth.：请某人做某事，女儿叫我跟她下棋。‎ 答案：B ‎2．解析：女儿欣然 “接受”我的建议。‎ 答案：D ‎3．解析：从下文看，女儿第二天要上学。‎ 答案：B ‎4．解析：我知道女儿有严格的睡眠习惯。‎ 答案：A[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎5．解析：我想为了这次她盼望了好几个星期才得来的与我下棋的机会， 她会不那么严格遵守睡眠习惯而有所“放弃”。[来源:1ZXXK]‎ 答案：D ‎6．解析：我们正玩得 “开心”。‎ 答案：C ‎7．解析：因为第二天女儿要上学，想早点休息，而父亲坚持继续下棋，女儿显得很着急。‎ 答案：C ‎8．解析：我们又“接着”下了十分钟。‎ 答案：B ‎9．解析：女儿突然哭起来。‎ 答案：D ‎10．解析：女儿只好认输。‎ 答案：B ‎11．解析：很显然， 我犯了一个错误。‎ 答案：A ‎12．解析：本想和女儿过一个愉快的晚上。‎ 答案：D ‎13～14.解析：让我的好胜心变得比我和女儿的关系更重要。‎ 答案：13.C　14.A ‎ ‎15．解析：我意识到我的好胜心妨碍我和女儿的关系。‎ 答案：A ‎*****************************************************结束 ‎[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]‎ Passage ******‎ Far from a Family Christmas .www.zxxk.com My Air Force room in Florida was empty and quiet—I was alone. My five roommates were gone for their __36 ; I had chosen to 37 behind in the camp. Being young and far from my home, I felt 38 . My room was comfortable enough, 39 I hadn’t realized it until then what made it so—the 40 of others walking, joking or just lying on their beds. ‎ I was not able to sleep. I was capable of being on my own— 41 , preferred it at times—but tonight was 42 . Tossing（辗转） and turning in the darkened room gave no 43 . The last sign of daylight had disappeared, 44 my inner depression. 45 , the glow （光辉） of Christmas lights on the tall pines would only 46 me of my great misery. ‎ Suddenly, I heard weak sound of men 47 to sing. Yes, the voices grew louder and came my way. I 48 still, enjoying the sound. ‎ In the corridor （走廊） 49 my room, 50 came near enough for me to hear Christmas carols being sung. Suddenly, there, four airmen, identities unknown, were slightly unsteadied（走路不稳） by holiday 51 . The first held a beer bottle with a lighted candle 52 its top. The others formed a dancing line behind him. ‎ ‎53 I was in the room, with joyful faces in the flickering （摇曳的） light, they sang me several carols, wished me a 54 and left as fast as they had arrived. ‎ I slept soundly soon after, burying my face in my pillow, 55 that someone had cared for me. ‎ ‎36. A. business B. fights C. missions D. holidays ‎ ‎37. A. remain B. leave C. help D. work ‎ ‎38. A. disappointed B. friendly C. lonely D. lost ‎ ‎39. A. while B. though C. whether D. but ‎ ‎40. A. impatience B. presence C. interest D. delight ‎ ‎41. A. in fact B. above all C. at first D. on earth ‎ ‎42. A. poor B. good C. different D. standard ‎ ‎43. A. fun B. help C. effort D. progress ‎ ‎44. A. appealing to B. sticking to C. leading to D. adding to ‎ ‎45. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Yet ‎ ‎46. A. remind B. recall C. remember D. think ‎ ‎47. A. managing B. attempting C. happening D. deciding ‎ ‎48. A. sat B. slept C. laid D. lay ‎ ‎49. A. far from B. beyond C. under D. within ‎ ‎50. A. explosions B. noises C. sounds D. voices ‎ ‎51. A. whisper B. confidence C. cheer D. optimism ‎ ‎52. A. stuck in B. attached to C. tied to D. involved in ‎ ‎53. A. Thinking B. Seeing C. Guessing D. Admitting ‎ ‎54. A. good luck B. happy New Year C. merry Christmas D. happy birthday ‎ ‎55. A. grateful B. stressful C. annoyed D. surprised ‎ 参考答案 ‎ ‎36.D 37.A 38.C 39.D 40.B ‎ ‎41.A 42.C 43.B 44.D 45.C ‎ ‎46.A 47.B 48.D 49.B 50.D ‎ ‎51.C 52.A 53.B 54.C 55.A . ‎ ‎*******************************************************结束 第二节：完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36---55各题所给的四个选项A﹑B﹑C﹑D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was Mother’s Day, the day we celebrate everything mothers are and everything we do. But I’ll ____36____ that Sunday in 2019 was bittersweet for me. As a single mother I tended to think of my 37 --- how many evenings I couldn’t spend with my children, and how many things I couldn’t 38 my waitress’ salary to buy.‎ ‎ But what 39 kids I had ! My daughter Maria was a senior in college and Denny was home visiting from his freshman year at Harvard‎ ‎University. They were 40 impolite enough to complain, but there was so much more I 41 I had done for them. I just hoped they 42 .‎ ‎ As I walked into the kitchen quietly to start breakfast, I was 43 by a vase containing a dozen red roses! When had Denny possibly ‎44 in to leave them ? But even their delicate beauty was overshadowed by the note sitting beside them, in the quick, manly 45 of an eighteen –year-old boy. It was about a story that happened between Denny and me long ago. It read:‎ She took a day off from her 46 schedule to take the boy to see his hero in the flesh at the 47 . It took 3.5 hours just to get there, and they had to be there early 48 he could see his hero take batting practice. 49 their arrival, she took her hard-earned money to buy a ( an) 50 T-shirt on which was printed his hero making a diving catch. After the game, of course he had to get his hero’s 51 , so she stayed with the little boy 52 one in the morning…‎ ‎ It took me long enough to 53 it, but I finally know who the true 54 is. Mom, I love you!‎ And suddenly, it was a 55 Mother’s Day, after all.‎ ‎36. A. admit B. indicate C. advocate D. permit ‎37. A. virtues B. services C. shortcomings D. advantages ‎38. A. spend B. spare C. bargain D. calculate ‎ ‎39. A. sensitive B. considerate C. arbitrary D. troublesome ‎40. A. merely B. usually C. never D. always ‎41. A. wished B. proposed C. demanded D. desired ‎42. A. supported B. understood C. approved D. honored ‎43. A. welcomed B. greeted C. received D. met ‎ ‎44. A. written B. settled C. wandered D. slipped ‎45. A. handwriting B. description C. draft D. attitude ‎46. A. ease B. comfortable C. terrible D. busy ‎47. A. studio B. hospital C. stadium D. supermarket ‎48. A. even if B. in case C. if only D. so that ‎49. A. At B. With C. On D. By ‎50. A. oversized B. normal C. ridiculous D. overpriced ‎51.A. signature B. sign C. scene D. signal ‎52. A. before B. until C. after D. since ‎53. A. explore B. evaluate C. realize D. treasure ‎54. A. friend B. athlete C. hero D. politician ‎55. A. challenging B. bitter C. apparent D . happy ‎ ‎***************************************************************结束 Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling 1 . He didn’t know how to find his seat, 2 he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, “Could you help me? I can’t find my seat.” The air hostess showed 3 the seat and told him 4 and fasten the seat belt(系好安全带). She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan’s ears might feel 5 strange, but he didn’t need to 6 it because many people felt 7 that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk around. He could 8 read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would ‎ ‎__9__ food and drinks. Allan would enjoy the flight and 10 soon.‎ ‎1.A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus ‎2.A. yet B. or C. but D. so ‎3.A. him B. me C. her D. he ‎4.A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D. sit down ‎5.A. a little B. little C. a bit of D. bit ‎6.A worrying B. be worried C. worry about D. worry[来源:1ZXXK]‎ ‎7.A. in B. for C. as D. like ‎8.A. neither B. either C. both D. also ‎9.A hold B. take C. bring D. carry ‎10. A. arrive home B. arrive to home C. get to home D. reach at home[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]‎ 名师点评 本文讲述了Allan第一次乘飞机时的经历与感受。‎ 答案简析 ‎1．B。本文讲述了Allan第一次乘飞机时的情况, 故选by air。‎ ‎2．D。根据文意, Allan因为找不到座位, 所以他就去问空姐。这里构成因果关系，应用 so引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎3．A。Allan是男士，故选 him充当show的宾语。 ‎ ‎4．C。tell sb. to do sth.意思是“叫某人干某事”。故选to sit down。‎ ‎5．A。a little修饰形容词表示“有点……”。‎ ‎6．C。 need to后面应接动词原形。 worry为不接物动词，不能直接接宾语。‎ ‎ 故选 worry about。‎ ‎7．D。like that意为“像那样”。 ‎ ‎8．B。固定结构either…or… , 意为“或者……或者……”。‎ ‎9．C。根据文意，空姐拿来食物和饮料给乘客, 故选bring。‎ ‎10．A。这里home是副词，其前面应用不接物动词，故选择arrive home。‎ ‎********************************************************结束