2020年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅲ）（解析版） 25页

2020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷 III) 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a supermarket. B. In the post office. C. In the street. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 2. 0 What did Carl do? A. He designed a medal. B. He fixed a TV set. C. He took a test. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题。解析略。 3. 0 What does the man do? A. He’s a tailor. B. He’s a waiter. C. He’s a shop assistant. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 4. 0 When will the flight arrive? A. At 18:20. B. At 18:35. C. At 18:50. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 5. 0 How can the man improve his article? A. By deleting unnecessary words. B. By adding a couple of points. C. By correcting grammar mistakes. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 0 6. What does Bill often do on Friday night? A. Visit his parents. B. Go to the movies. C. Walk along Broadway. 7. Who watches musical plays most often? A. Bill. B. Aarah. C. Bill’s parents. 【答案】6. B 7. B 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 0 8. Why does David want to speak to Mike? A. To invite him to a party. B. To discuss a schedule. C. To call off a meeting. 9. What do we know about the speakers? A. They are colleagues. B. They are close friends. C. They’ve never met before. 【答案】8. C 9. C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 0 10. What kind of camera does the man want? A. A TV camera. B. A video camera. C. A movie camera. 11. Which function is the man most interested in? A. Underwater filming. B. A large memory. C. Auto-focus. 12. How much would the man pay for the second camera? A. 950 euros. B. 650 euros. C. 470 euros. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 0 13. Who is Clifford? A. A little girl. B. The man’s pet. C. A fictional character. 14. Who suggested that Norman paint for children’s books? A. His wife. B. Elizabeth. C. A publisher. 15. What is Norman’s story based on? A. A book. B. A painting. C. A young woman. 16. What is it that shocked Norman? A. His unexpected success. B. His efforts made in vain. C. His editor’s disagreement. 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker? A. Relatives. B. Strangers. C. Visitors. 18. Why do people have small talk? A. To express opinions. B. To avoid arguments. C. To show friendliness. 19. Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk? A. Politics. B. Movies. C. Salaries. 20. What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture? A. Asking open-ended questions. B. Feeling free to change topics. C. Making small talk interesting. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】本题为听力题，解析略。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Journey Back in Time with Scholars Classical Provence(13days) Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience. Southern Spain(15days) Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture. China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days) Discover the China of”past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai. Tunisia(17days) Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata， uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches. 21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？ A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers. C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings. 22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？ A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia. 23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？ A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分的 We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我们将 参 观 一 些 世 界 上 保 存 最 完 好 的 罗 马 建 筑 遗 迹 ) 和 第 二 部 分 的 we explore historical monuments and architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在 Classical Provence 和 Southern Spain 游客们可以参观历史遗 迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三部分的 China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21 天)和 Discover the China of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和 Robert 教授一起 发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运 河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有 27 天，而且 Thorp 对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测 Thorp 在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四部分的 Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市 Dougga，地下城市 Mumidian,它是 Bulla Regia 的首府， Roman Sbeitla 以及在 Taraounine 和 Matmata 附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点 是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 B When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!” The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape. Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly. In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates. 24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard? A. To see famous film stars. B. To oppose wearing fur coats. C. To raise money for animal protection. D. To express thanks to some filmmakers. 25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The cost of making “Apes.” B. The creation of digitalized apes. C. The publicity about “Apes.” D. The performance of real apes. 26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully. 27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors? A. They may be badly treated. B. They should take further training. C. They could be traded illegally D. They would lose popularity. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前， 感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术， 而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能 够被监测到的。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist ,dressed in a full -body monkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场， 手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为 了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的 创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑 图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文 Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和 “管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此可知，其中一 家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着 2000 多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“密切关 注”。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.”（在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练 和生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到 严密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和 生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选 A 项。 C With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together. The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters. Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor. “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.” And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.” It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013. Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million. Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married. 28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol? A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters. 29. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law? A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling. 30. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on? A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations. C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风 险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。 【28 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但 Rita 在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维 多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”可知，尼克是怎么想的?“从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗? 是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从 2002 年的 32.5 万户增加到 2013 年的 41.9 万户。根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34 岁的年轻人中有 20%和父母住在一起，而 1991 年这一比例为 16%。 据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为 180 万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计 数据。故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人 又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋 势。故选 D 项。 D We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults. On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau. Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.” In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. 32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1? A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B. New knowledge of human evolution. C. Recent findings of human origin. D. Significance of food selection. 33. Where do the Bajau build their houses? A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast. 34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau? A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing. C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B. Highlanders’ Survival Skills C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research D. The World’s Best Divers 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。最近一项对人类基因的研究发现，人类的进化不仅仅发生在数十亿年前，而且最近几千 年也有。Bajau 人因为靠海为生，他们的身体已经进化成更能适应海洋生活。 【32 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的 we are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes, they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.(我们是进化的产物，而且不仅仅是数十亿年前的产物。当科学家更深入的研究我们的基因时， 他们发现了人类在过去几千年进化的例子)可知，作者列举第一段的例子是为了告诉我们关于人类进化的一 个新信息，那就是人类在最近几千年也在进化。B. New knowledge of human evolution.(人类进化的新知识) 符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 The Bajau, as these people are known, number in hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally live on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts in coastal waters.(这些人被称为 Bajau，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾有数十万人。他们一直住 在船屋上；最近他们也把房子建在沿海水域的吊脚楼上)可知，Bajau 把房子建在沿海区域。D. Off the coast.(沿 海)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。 【34 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 we were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders.(我们很惊讶，他们在水下待的时间比我们当地的岛民要长的多)可知，让 Jubilado 感到吃惊的是 Bajau 人能在水下待更长的时间。C. They could stay long underwater. (他们能在水下待很长时间)符合以上说 法，故选 C 项。 【35 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的 On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaption-not to air or to food, but to the ocean.(周四，在《细胞》杂志上发表 的一篇文章中，一群研究人员报道了一种新的适应——不是空气也不是食物，而是海洋)可知，本文主要讲 述了一种新的进化，即长期生活在海边，靠海为生的生活方式，让 Bajau 人的身体进化成更适应海洋生活。 A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea.(身体为适应海洋生活而重塑)可以作为本文标题，故选 A 项。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents. ___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. ___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ___39___ Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. ___40___ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm. A. This isn’t usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. G 【解析】 本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。 【36 题详解】 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和 家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。 介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E 项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句 并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选 E。 【37 题详解】 下 文 Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和 like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或 绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B 项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出 下文，故选 B。 【38 题详解】 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会 准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家， 所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C 项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选 C。 【39 题详解】 本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不 久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A 项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选 A。 【40 题详解】 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据 bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物， 那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G 项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合 语境。故选 G。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, ___41___ can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in, ___42___their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll ___43___ that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then ___44___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the ___45___ in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a ___46___ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep ___47___. I remember the first really ___48___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was ___49___ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather ____50____ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she ____51____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat ____52____, and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on ____53____ people. That taught me a valuable ____54____ and I pass it on to the people who ____55____ in the market. Don’t take it ____56____. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not ____57____.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____58____. If you do, you won’t be able to ____59____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____60____ everyone’s day. 41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists 42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying 43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear 44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume 45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods 46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural 47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing 48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult 49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about 50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed 51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized 52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty 53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely 54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade 55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel 56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually 57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well 58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law 59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame 60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. A 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开 始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到 其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成 不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。 【41 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers 店主；B. customers 顾客；C. salespersons 售货员； D. receptionist 接待员。根据上文 I care deeply about my customers 可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选 B。 【42 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying 说；B. pretending 假装；C. guessing 猜测；D. replying 回答。结合后文 their handbag’s been stolen 可知此处是指说的内容应用 say。故选 A。 【43 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们 的车里。A. agree 同意；B. promise 承诺；C. imagine 想象；D. swear 发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦 地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选 D。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们 的车里。A. forget 忘记；B. decide 决定；C. discover 发现；D. assume 假设。结合后文 it had been in their car all the time 可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选 C。 【45 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods 食物；B. catalogues 目录；C. belongings 所有物；D. goods 商品。结合后文 in the shops 可知此处指的是商店 里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选 D。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular 特别的；B. different 不同的；C. matching 相配的；D. natural 自然的。结合上文 the only style you don't have left in a 可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。 其它选项带入不符合语境。故选 A。 【47 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting 打架；B. smiling 微笑；C. waiting 等待；D. changing 改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这 种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B 项“微 笑”符合句意。故选 B。 【48 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在 Covent Garden 遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous 慷慨的； B. polite 礼貌的；C. careless 粗心的；D. difficult 难缠的，困难的。结合后文 nothing was right 可知这位顾客 对一切都不满，很难缠。故选 D。 【49 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常 客”。A. curious about 好奇；B. displeased with 对……不满意；C. patient with 对……有耐心；D. uncertain about 对……不能肯定。结合后文 nothing was right 可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选 B。 【50 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了 “常客”。A. relaxed 放松的；B. delighted 高兴的；C. surprised 惊讶的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。结合上下 文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选 C。 【51 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched 搜索；B. argued 争论；C. prayed 祈祷；D. apologized 道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的 行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选 D。 【52 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应 付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance 偶然；B. by herself 她独自地；C. on purpose 故意地；D. on duty 值 班。结合上文 She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 可知女顾客和丈夫分居了， 因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选 B。 【53 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以 应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude 粗鲁的；B. such 这样的；C. other 其他的；D. lonely 寂寞的。结合上 文 since she'd found it too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on 可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在 其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选 C。 【54 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson 课程， 教训；B. trick 诡计；C. skill 技能；D. trade 贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一 课。故选 A。 【55 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work 工作；B. shop 购物；C. meet 会面；D. quarrel 争吵。结合后文 in the market 可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选 A。 【56 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly 亲切地；B. secretly 秘密地；C. personally 亲自地；D. casually 随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些 事。短语 take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选 C。 【57 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready 迅速地；B. away 离开；C. up 向上；D. well 好地。 根据上文 Maybe she’s had a row with her husband 可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选 D。 【58 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight 看不见；B. in the way 妨 碍，挡道；C. behind the scene 幕后；D. above the law 凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客， 要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选 B。 【59 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了 每个人的一天。A. stress 强调；B. expect 期待；C. handle 处理；D. blame 责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明 如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选 C。 【60 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了 每个人的一天。A. ruins 毁灭；B. makes 制作；C. starts 开始；D. saves 拯救。结合上文 the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故 选 A。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In ancient China lived an artist___61___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ___62___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would___63___(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. Filled with ___64___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___67___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, ___68___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds___69___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ____70____ earth, Mother Nature. 【答案】61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. On 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他 去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大 的艺术家就是大自然母亲。 【61 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 artist，且 先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词 whose。故填 whose。 【62 题详解】 考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好 的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高 级 finest。故填 finest。 【63 题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本 句中主语 he 与谓语动词 choose 构成被动关系，且 would 后跟动词原形。故填 be chosen。 【64 题详解】 .考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with 为介词，后跟名词 curiosity 作宾语，表示“好 奇心”。故填 curiosity。 【65 题详解】 考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。 本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词 asked 为短暂性动作动词，不能用 while 引导， 故应用 when 或 as 引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 When/As。 【66 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下 游。根据上文 they smiled and 可知此处应用一般过去时。故填 pointed。 【67 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去 做某事”短语为 set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填 to find。 【68 题详解】 考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词 moved 应用副词 gently 作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填 gently。 【69 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构 可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语，surround 在句中应用非谓 语动词形式，与逻辑主语 clouds 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填 surrounding。 【70 题详解】 考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世 界上”短语为 on earth。故填 on。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill. But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. 【答案】 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者的妈妈坚持让全家人吃健康食物，确保每个人身体好。一开始，家人 有些排斥。在母亲的坚持下，我充满感激地接受了母亲的好意。 【详解】第一处：考查固定短语。句意：我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with 关 心，该短语是固定短语，所以 concerning 改成 concerned。 第二处：考查名词单复数。句意同上。family 当“家庭”讲时，是集合名词，这里表示“我们一个家庭”，所以 用单数，families 改成 family。 第三处：考查固定短语。句意：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的计划。 make sure 确保， 该短语是固定短语，所以 surely 改成 sure。 第四处：考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句，前面 in order to…作目的状语，不用连词 and，所以去 掉 and。 第五处：考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。 泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a，所以 the 改成 a。 第六处：考查时态。根据时间状语 every morning，可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时， 主语为 I，谓语动词要用原形。所以 had 改成 have。 第七处：考查主谓一致。句意：我爸爸不喜欢汤，我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般 现在时。主语 my dad 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以 don’t 改成 doesn’t。 第八处：考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事，所以 forced 后面加 to。 第九处：考查代词。句意：但是她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。文中指“我的妈妈”，是女性，所以 he 改成 she。 第十处：考查定语从句。句意：出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感激地吃着妈妈提供的所有食物。这里含 有一个定语从句，先行词是 all the food，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，可用 that 或 which，先行词被 all 所修饰，只能使用 that，不能使用 which，且 what 不能引导定语从句，所以 what 改成 that。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 72.假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教 Miss Evans 写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。 邮件内容包括: 1. 剧情简介； 2. 指导内容； 3. 商定时间地点。 注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 结束语已为你写好。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Miss Evans, How is everything going! I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favor regarding a play we adapted according to the textbook. We’d like to combine your culture with ours by adapting the classic novel The Steamboat for a short English play. The play is set on a big storm after midnight, on the raft down the river navigation, we see a steamboat that is going to sink. We saved a scared boy. However, the adaption is quite a challenge. Having written the English script, we don’t want anything inappropriate to spoil the play. So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes? If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details? Given your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice. Look forward to your early reply. Best regards! Yours truly, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，请求外教 Miss Evans 对于《the Steamboat》改编短剧的 支持。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时，一般过去时和一般将来时。 结构：总分总法 第一段说明写这封邮件的目的；第二段详细说明英语戏剧的剧情介绍和指导内容细节问题；第三段表达感 谢，并期待早日得到回复。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） write to；according to ；combine ； adaption ；challenge；attached to ；convenient 第三步：连词成句 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details? 这句话运用了 if 引导的条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的 驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。