2020版高考英语 Unit 1 A land of diversity（词汇考查+词汇应用）（含解析）新人教版选修8 8页

Unit 1‎ 李仕才 ‎ 一、词汇复习 ‎（一）单句语法填空 ‎1、The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us. ‎ 答案：in　句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎2．(2015·福建厦门双十中学检测改编)The desire for selfimprovement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms. ‎ 答案：beyond　句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。‎ ‎3．(2015·山东菏泽联考改编)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color. ‎ 答案：in　句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”，符合句意。‎ ‎4．(2015·江苏南通中学改编)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company. ‎ 答案：to　句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……；高于……”，为固定短语。‎ ‎5．(2015·江苏盐城调研改编)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show. ‎ 答案：Despite　句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”，符合句意。‎ ‎（二）英汉互译 1. ‎△California__________‎ 2. ‎△Californian__________‎ 3. ‎△illustrate vt. __________‎ 4. distinct adj. __________‎ 5. distinction n. __________‎ 6. ‎△immigrant n.__________‎ 7. live on __________‎ 8. strait n. __________‎ 9. ‎△Bering __________‎ 10. Arctic adj. __________‎ 11. the Arctic __________‎ 8‎ 1. means n. __________‎ 2. by means of… __________‎ 3. ‎△prehistoric adj. __________‎ 4. majority n. __________‎ 5. ministry n. __________‎ 6. Catholic adj. n. __________‎ 7. ‎△Alaska n. __________‎ 8. ‎△San Francisco n. __________‎ 9. ‎△adventurer n. __________ ‎ 10. make a life __________‎ 11. ‎△despite prep. __________‎ 12. hardship n. __________‎ 13. elect vt. __________‎ 14. federal adj. __________‎ 15. rail n. __________‎ 16. percentage n. __________‎ 17. ‎△Los Angeles n. __________‎ 18. Italy‎ n. __________‎ 19. Italian n.. adj. __________‎ 20. Denmark‎ n. __________‎ 21. keep up __________‎ 22. ‎△Hollywood n. __________‎ 23. boom n.. vi. __________‎ 24. aircraft n. __________‎ 25. ‎△Cambodian n. __________‎ 26. Korea‎ n. __________‎ 27. Korean n. adj. __________‎ 28. Pakistan‎ n. __________‎ 29. Pakistani adj. n. __________‎ 30. ‎△immigrate vi. __________‎ 31. immigration n. __________‎ 32. racial adj. __________‎ 33. crossing n. __________‎ 34. vice n. & adj. __________‎ 35. nephew n. __________‎ 36. pole n. __________‎ 37. applicant n. __________‎ 38. customs n. __________‎ 39. socialist n. adj. __________‎ 40. socialism n. __________‎ 41. occur vi. __________‎ 42. cattle n. __________‎ 43. ‎△Hispanic n. __________‎ 44. indicate vt. __________‎ 8‎ 1. back to back __________‎ 2. luggage n. （<美>baggage）__________‎ 3. shave vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) __________‎ 4. ‎△cable n. __________‎ 5. ‎△cable car __________‎ 6. ‎△Andrew Hallidie __________‎ 7. tram n. __________‎ 8. apparent adj. __________‎ 9. apparently adv. __________‎ 10. brake n. Vi. & vt. __________‎ 11. conductor n. __________‎ 12. slip vi. n. __________‎ 13. ‎△wharf n. __________‎ 14. bakery n. __________‎ 15. ferry n. vt. __________‎ 16. ‎△Angel‎ ‎Island‎ __________‎ 17. team up with __________‎ 18. hire vt. & n. __________‎ 19. ‎△fascinating adj. __________‎ 20. mark out __________‎ 21. seagull n. __________‎ 22. take in __________‎ 23. angle n. __________‎ 24. a great/good many __________‎ 25. apply for __________‎ 26. nowhere adv. __________‎ 27. ‎△miserable adj. __________‎ 28. punishment n. __________‎ 29. justice n. __________‎ 30. mourn vt. & vi. __________‎ 31. civil adj. __________‎ 32. authority n. __________‎ 33. reform vt. & vi. n. __________‎ 34. grasp vt. & n. __________‎ 35. ‎△thoughtful adj. __________‎ 36. thankful adj. __________‎ 37. insert vt. __________‎ 二、阅读理解 A We had a TV series in London. One of our fellow TV presenters seriously upset the camera crew when they arrived at his house. He was rude and unconcerned, treating them like lowly workers. Minutes later, when the camera was turned on, he became the perfectly smiling spiritual figure he was publicly known to be. But, as the crew told 8‎ ‎ us later, he had already shown them that he didn't walk his talk.‎ In contrast, Ed was meeting with Jo, our TV producer, in a small London cafe. If you have ever been to London you'll know that in such cafe the tables are very close. Two well dressed African men sat down next to them, which effectively meant they were sharing the same table. Ed asked the two strangers where they were from and one said,  "South Africa. " The man pulled out his business card—his name was Jacob Zuma who, at that time, was the President of the ANC but is now the President of South Africa.‎ Usually, if you sit next to someone in a big city cafe, you don't even make eye contact, let alone conversation.  Jacob had never met Ed before so he could have been distant and polite, he certainly didn't have to talk, let alone maintain communication, which he did over the following few years. He even hugged him!‎ How we walk our talk shows far more than just our public behavior. Rather, it highlights how we view the world and our place in it. Jacob Zuma showed us how he treats others—with the fairness, consideration and respect that he treats all beings. No matter who we are, whether a street cleaner or a president, we are all equal, here together as one human family.‎ ‎1.What can we learn about the TV presenter?‎ A. He felt upset before the camera.‎ B. He was known for his being impolite.‎ C. His deeds didn't agree with his words.‎ D. He pretended to be polite to the camera crew.‎ ‎2.Which word can best describe Jacob Zuma according to the text?‎ A. Friendly. B. Humorous. ‎ C. Generous. D. Serious.‎ ‎3.Why did Ed go to the small London cafe?‎ A. To film a TV series. B. To interview Jacob Zuma.‎ C. To meet with a TV producer. D. To observe people's public behavior.‎ ‎4.What is the text mainly about?‎ A.TV presenters are often too proud.‎ B. There still exists inequality in society.‎ 8‎ C.I. earned people are more likely to be polite.‎ D. People should treat others with equal respect.‎ ‎ 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例讲述了我们如何做到言行一致，礼貌待人。我们的谈话方式是我们的公共行为，表明我们如何看待世界和我们在社会中的地位，因此我们应该公平的、体贴的、尊重地对待别人。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段二、三句He was rude and unconcerned, treating them like lowly workers. Minutes later, when the camera was turned on, he became the perfectly smiling spiritual figure he was publicly known to be.可知，这位电视节目主持人对待同事粗鲁不礼貌，当面对镜头，他就成了众所周知的完美的精神形象。因此推断他是一个言行不一的人。故选C。‎ ‎3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句In contrast, Ed was meeting with Jo, our TV producer, in a small London cafe.可知，Ed去咖啡馆是为了见一个电视节目制片人。故选C。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章通过举例讲述了我们如何做到言行一致，礼貌待人。我们的谈话方式是我们的公共行为，表明我们如何看待世界和我们在社会中的地位，因此我们应该公平的、体贴的、尊重地对待别人。故选D。‎ B Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting but nerveracking(令人紧张的)．I had never been to such an amazing national park before, yet I wasn’t the most athletic person so I knew that I couldn’t stick through all the hiking up and down. It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.‎ The ride there was definitely long but worth it. As I woke up from my nap, I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mountains and beautiful streams. The trails were made nicely for visitors. The waterfalls were breathtaking. Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts. Even though I fell a couple of times, I still had a lot of fun. The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying ‎ 8‎ to find out which route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together. ‎ The great thing about nature is that, it’s just you, the views, and the people around you. There’s nothing to bother you and it’s the best way to relax and enjoy yourself. Yosemite has 5 of the world’s highest waterfalls, and about 300 lakes. The structure of each mountain is incredible；it’s formed in ways that almost take your breath away. Some of them are of a deep dark color with waterfalls forming; some are formed with spots of green peeking(窥探) out. It’s definitely something you wouldn’t want to miss.‎ Yosemite isn’t the only great national park but based on my experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends. It’s a great time to bond, laugh, and take in what Mother Nature offers.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和家人一起自驾游览Yosemite公园的经历，建议人们多去户外亲近大自然。‎ ‎1．The author writes the first paragraph mainly to ．‎ A．introduce the topic of this passage B．offer an example to us C．tell us his future plan for hiking D．describe a national park A　解析：写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第一段的第一句可知，文章主要介绍了作者和家人去Yosemite公园游玩的经历；据此可以判断，第一段旨在引出文章主题，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．While climbing up rocks, the author was ．‎ ‎ A．nerveracking　　　　　 B．injured C．pleased D．worried C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Climbing up rocks ... a lot of fun.”可知，攀岩是作者最喜欢的项目，作者从中体会到了许多乐趣。C项意为“高兴的”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．According to the passage, Yosemite ．‎ A．is crowded with visitors every day B．is the only great national park 8‎ C．is worth travelling to D．is nothing but a common destination C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段的第一句以及最后一段“Yosemite isn’t the only great ... Mother Nature offers.”可知，去Yosemite公园是一次快乐而冒险的经历；据此可知，Yosemite公园值得一游。‎ ‎4．The author suggests ．‎ A．keeping a good bond with other people B．visiting Yosemite now and then C．trying to protect the environment D．going out to enjoy the beauty of nature D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends.”可知，作者建议我们到外面去欣赏大自然的风光，故D项正确。‎ 三、七选五 Top Ways to Spend the Holiday Season with Pets Taking a nap is a great way to refresh during the holidays，and a nap with your dog or cat(or both)is an excellent bonding opportunity.‎ Holiday time is here.The decorating，the shopping，the cooking，the cleaning，the wrapping...__1__ ‎ In the season's craziness our furry family members tend to get ignored or overstimulated(过度刺激的)．__2__ But they don't have to：be sure to pay attention and give them a break from the activity when they need it and add them to the fun when they don't.‎ ‎●Rest time.‎ If your pet seems stressed，have a safe place for him away from activity.Cats should have a quiet，cozy spot to sleep with food，water，and their litter box.__3__ Be sure to have a soft area for sleep，a toy or two，water，and some food.But you might need a nap，too，to refresh for holiday festivities.So use this time to take one together.‎ ‎●__4__‎ Many Christmas tree farms welcome pets on a leash(皮带)．Your pet will just love being with you outdoors while you share one of the season's most honored traditions—picking out the perfect tree.Just be sure to call the farm first to 8‎ ‎ confirm that pets are welcome...and you have a new annual tradition.‎ ‎●Go have a catch.‎ Give your pup a good run and wear him out ahead of when company visits.__5__ This way，he'll be happy and relaxed when greeting guests.Dog parks are ideal as pups can run，chase tennis balls，and socialize with others.Always remember to walk to and from the park with your pup on a leash and poop bags in hand.‎ A．Keep pets on a leash.‎ B．Dogs love playing catch.‎ C．Dogs might also need one.‎ D．But where do our pets fit in?‎ E．Pick out the family Christmas tree.‎ F．As a result，pets can experience restlessness and anxiety.‎ G．Many pets would love to be included in some of the activities.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。如何在假期和宠物一起度过一段美好时光？作者给我们提出了几条建议。‎ 难句分析：Your pet will just love being with you outdoors while you share one of the season's most honored traditions—picking out the perfect tree.(倒数第二段第二句)‎ 译文：当你与你的宠物分享这个节日中最神圣的传统活动——挑选圣诞树时，它是非常乐意与你外出的。‎ ‎1．D　根据空格前面“The decorating，the shopping, the cooking, the cleaning，the wrapping...”可知，我们通常在假期会把时间花在装饰、购物、烹饪、打扫等事情上，D项表示“但我们把宠物置于何地？”与上文衔接紧凑，符合语境。故选D项。‎ ‎2．F　根据上句“In the season's craziness, our furry family members tend to get ignored or overstimulated(过度刺激的)．”可知，此处应选F项，指“这样的话，宠物可能休息不好或焦虑”，与上句构成因果关系，符合语境。故选F项。‎ ‎3．C　根据上句“Cats should have a quiet, cozy spot to sleep with food，water，and their little box.”及下句“Be sure to have a soft area for sleep，a toy or two，water，and some food.”可知，此处指宠物和人都需要有舒适的地方来休息。故C项“狗也需要一个这样的地方”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎4．E　文章倒数第二段主要介绍了作者建议我们带着宠物去挑选圣诞树。故E项“挑选家庭圣诞树”符合题意，适合做本段标题。故选E项。‎ ‎5．B　根据本段标题中的关键词“catch”和空格处后的“This way，he'll be happy and relaxed when greeting guests.”可知，B项“狗喜欢玩接球”符合语境。故选B项。‎ 8‎