2020届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 First aid知能演练轻松闯关 新人教版必修5 10页

Unit 5 First aid 阅读提速练 阅读理解 A Summer Camps in Season!‎ STEM Camp July 10 to August 14，Cost：$180‎ ‎90% of the jobs in the future will require STEM(Science，Technology，Engineering&Mathematics)education.We find ways to make learning fun and exciting for students to help ensure their futures.Campers participate in fun and engaging STEM activities！Register：www.stemcamp.ca or call 5194756600.‎ Kandalore June 15 to 28，Cost：$2，340‎ The finest traditional camp in Canada，provides the best of both canoe(独木舟) adventures and incamp activities.For more than 65 years，Kandalore has given campers the opportunity to know and be themselves.We create a warm and supportive environment where kids can express their unique self，grow in selfconfidence and build lifetime friendships.Register：www.kandalore.com or call 4163229735.‎ ESL Summer Camp June 25 to July 21，Cost：$5，500‎ Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 12－18 who want to learn English and experience the wonders of summer at our 42acre campus；students enjoy the excellent dormitory，dining，academic，and social facilities of one of Canada’s oldest independent schools.Register：www.pickeringcollege.on.ca or call 9051758900.‎ DEEP Summer Academy August 16 to 26，Cost：$465‎ We provide highly motivated high school students from across the world with the opportunity for advanced study in a variety of engineering，technology，business and science subjects.Organized by the University of Toronto，DEEP is one of the most diverse preuniversity engineering programs all over the world with scholarships.Register：www.outreach.engineering.utoronto.ca or call 4169460816.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个夏令营的时间、收费标准、主要活动内容及联系方式等信息。‎ ‎1．Which number should you call if you want to improve your English?‎ A．5194756600.　　　　 B．4163229735.‎ C．4169460816. D．9051758900.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三则信息中的“Pickering College has an exciting ESL summer camp for students aged 12－18 who want to learn English”和“call 9051758900”可知D选项正确。‎ ‎2．When will the shortest camp start?‎ A．On July 10. B．On June 15.‎ C．On June 25. D．On August 16.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。综合四则信息可知，DEEP Summer Academy的时间长度是11天，与题干的the shortest camp相符合。所以D选项正确。‎ 10‎ ‎3．Where can you go if you are interested in the experience of adventure?‎ A．Kandalore. B．STEM Camp.‎ C．ESL Summer Camp. D．DEEP Summer Academy.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二则信息中的“provides the best of both canoe(独木舟) adventures and incamp activities”可知，选项A与题干的“the experience of adventure” 相符合。所以A选项正确。‎ B Bob Dylan, born on May 24, 1941, is an American songwriter, singer, artist and writer. He has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when his songs showed social unrest. Early songs such as Blowin’ in the Wind and The Times They Are aChangin’ promoted the American civil rights and antiwar movements.‎ Dylan’s songs include a wide range of political, social and literary influences. They challenged existing pop music conventions and appealed to the growing counterculture. His recording career, spanning more than 50 years, has explored the traditions in American song, from folk, blues, and country to rock ’n’ roll, and to English, Scottish, and Irish folk music, even jazz and the Great American Songbook. He has toured steadily since the late 1980s on what has been called the Never Ending Tour. His accomplishments as a recording artist and performer have been central to his career, but songwriting is considered his greatest contribution.‎ As a musician, Dylan has sold more than 100 million records, making him one of the bestselling artists of all time. He has also received numerous awards including eleven Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. The Pulitzer Prize jury in 2008 awarded him a special citation(引言) for his influence on popular music and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power. In May 2012, Dylan received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama. In 2016, Dylan received the Nobel Prize in Literature “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”．‎ ‎【解题导语】　鲍勃·迪伦因为“在美国歌曲传统形式之上开创了以诗歌传情达意的新表现手法”而获得诺贝尔文学奖。文章介绍了他的作品以及他对流行音乐和美国文化的影响。‎ ‎4．Which word best describes Dylan’s music according to Paragraph 2?‎ A．Various. B．Talented.‎ C．Personal. D．Popular.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的第一句以及下文中的“...has explored the traditions in American song, from folk, blues, and country to rock ’n’ roll, and to English, Scottish, and Irish folk music, even jazz and the Great American Songbook.” 可知，他的音乐作品涉及政治、社会和文学；他探索了美国歌曲的传统，从民谣、蓝调、乡村音乐、摇滚到英格兰、苏格兰和爱尔兰民间音乐，甚至还有爵士乐和《美国流行金曲簿》。由此可知，他的作品风格多种多样。故选A项。‎ ‎5．What is Dylan better recognized as?‎ A．A performer. B．A singer.‎ C．An artist. D．A songwriter.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后一句可知，虽然歌手和演员一直是他的主要职业，但是他最伟大的贡献却是歌曲创作。故选D项。‎ 10‎ ‎6．What made Dylan get the Nobel Prize?‎ A．His poems about music.‎ B．His American song tradition.‎ C．His language style of the songs.‎ D．His influence on America culture.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句可知，他是因为“在美国歌曲传统形式之上开创了以诗歌传情达意的新表现手法”而获得了诺贝尔文学奖。故选C项。‎ C Tea, the most typical English drink, became established in Britain because of the influence of a foreign princess, Catherine of Braganza, the queen of Charles Ⅱ.As a lover of tea since her childhood in Portugal, she brought teadrinking to the English royal court and set a trend for the__beverage in the 17th century.The fashion soon spread beyond the circle of the nobility to the middle classes, and tea became a popular drink at the London coffee houses where people met to do business and discuss events of the day.Many employers served a cup of tea to their workers in the middle of the morning, thus inventing a lasting British institution, the“tea break”．However, drinking tea in social settings outside the workplace was beyond the means of the majority of British people.It came with a high price tag and tea was taxed as well.‎ Around 1800, the seventh Duchess of Bedford, Anna Maria Russell, began the popular practice of “afternoon tea”， a ceremony taking place at about four o’clock.Until then, people did not usually eat or drink anything between lunch and dinner.At approximately the same time, the Earl of Sandwich popularized a new way of eating bread—in thin slices, with something like jam or cucumbers between them.Before long, a small meal at the end of the afternoon, involving tea and sandwiches, became part of the British way of life.‎ As tea became much cheaper during the 19th century, its popularity spread right through all corners of the British society.Thus, tea became Britain’s favorite drink.In workingclass households, it was served with the main meal of the day, eaten when workers returned home after a day’s labor.This meal has become known as “high tea”．Today, tea can be drunk at any time of the day, and accounts for over twofifths of all drinks consumed in Britain—with the exception of water.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了茶在英国的发展历史及其受欢迎的原因。‎ ‎7．What is mainly discussed about tea in the text?‎ A．Its development in Britain.‎ B．Its traditional ways of drinking.‎ C．Its influence around the world.‎ D．Its popularity in Europe.‎ A　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“in the 17th century”、第二段中的“Around 1800”及第三段中的“during the 19th century”可知，本文主要介绍了茶在英国的发展。故选A项。‎ ‎8．What do the underlined words “the beverage” probably refer to?‎ A．Tea drinking.‎ B．A small meal.‎ 10‎ C．A way of eating bread.‎ D．A choice of drinks.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的“she brought teadrinking to the English royal court and set a trend for the__beverage”可知，她把喝茶的习惯带到了英国皇室并开启了英国人喝茶的潮流，故选A项。‎ ‎9．Why was tea unable to be accepted as a common drink in Britain in the 17th century?‎ A．It was merely served in London.‎ B．It was taxed as an alcoholic drink.‎ C．It was forbidden in business settings.‎ D．It was too expensive for most people.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“However, drinking tea in social settings outside the workplace was beyond the means of the majority of British people. It came with a high price tag and tea was taxed as well.”可知，17世纪，在英国茶不能作为一种普遍的饮料的原因是对大多数英国人来说，它的价格高并被征税。故选D项。‎ ‎10．How is the text organized?‎ A．By cause and effect.‎ B．By comparison.‎ C．In time order.‎ D．In frequency order.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“in the 17th century”、第二段中的“Around 1800”及第三段中的“during the 19th century”可知，文章是按照时间顺序来组织的。故选C项。‎ 七选五 Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution?‎ Very small pieces of plastic, called microfiber, are polluting rivers and oceans.1.________Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial materials, which are useful in keeping warm. But they contain very small plastic fibers, which may also be harming the environment when you wash them. When people wash these clothes, very small pieces go down the drain(下水道) with the wash water.‎ ‎2．________‎ Pollution caused by plastic is not new, but recent studies have shown the effect of microfiber on the environment. Studies show microfiber is ending up in our waters, which may come from waste water treatment factories. A 2015 study found it in fish from California.‎ Microfiber’s effect on food supplies.‎ Beyond the waterways, the researchers say microfiber may end up in soil and agricultural lands.3.________This means there is much to be learned about microfiber and the environment.‎ Some studies have shown that microfiber ends up inside sea animals, like oysters. 4.________Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish, but it needs more study.‎ Steps to keep microfiber from the environment.‎ 10‎ Until more information becomes known, there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfiber in the environment.‎ People should use less of the artificial materials. If we already have those in our lives and we’re using them, an important step would be washing them less.‎ ‎5．________A bag is being designed in which you can wash these clothes. The bag traps the microfiber in it and it may be available for purchase soon.‎ A．New technology may also help.‎ B．Studies on how much of the microfiber are released.‎ C．The source of the microfiber may surprise you: your clothes.‎ D．Washing machines keep microfiber from escaping with wash water.‎ E．Studies on microfiber in the environment.‎ F．It can also move around the atmosphere. ‎ G．So if microfiber has been found in fish and seafood, are they safe to eat?‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微纤维的来源、微纤维对环境以及食物供应的影响和减少微纤维进入环境的措施。‎ ‎1．C　解析：由文章标题“Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution？”可知，本文与衣服导致污染有关，并结合下文可知，造成污染的微纤维来自于有些用人工材料制成的衣服，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎2．E　解析：根据文章结构可知，空处为该部分小标题。空后的段落主要讲的是微纤维对环境的影响，故E项符合语境。‎ ‎3．F　解析：结合空前一句中的“the waterways”和“in soil and agricultural lands”可知，研究人员认为微纤维可能扩散到水道、土壤和农田中，故F项“它也能在大气中移动”符合语境。‎ ‎4．G　解析：空前一句中的“sea animals, like oysters”与G项中的“fish and seafood”相呼应，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎5．A　解析：空后一句中的“A bag is being designed”正是A项中的“New technology”，故A项符合语境。‎ 语言运用与写作规范练 完形填空 There was once a widow who had two daughters.The __1__widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality, but didn’t love the other, who resembled her __2__， although she was pretty and friendly.‎ The younger daughter had to __3__hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister.Among her other __4__jobs, she was forced to carry water every day __5__．‎ One day __6__she had just filled her pot at the fountain, an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water.Glad to show a kindness to the old woman, she __7__．‎ Now, all of a sudden, there was no old trembling woman but a(n) __8__who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty __9__your heart is gentle，” she said.“For your kindness, I will make you a gift.Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.”‎ When the girl reached home, her ill mother __10__her for her long absence.“Pardon me for being away so long，” she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her __11__．‎ 10‎ ‎“What is this I see, child？” asked the __12__widow.‎ The poor girl was so happy to be __13__child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her __14__with the old woman at the fountain.The widow immediately __15__her favorite daughter to do as the __16__girl had done.‎ When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the __17__，a beautiful lady appeared and __18__a drink of water from the girl.‎ ‎“I have not come here to serve you, ” she __19__replied.‎ The lady, who was the fairy, said，“I will make you a gift to __20__your rudeness.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a snake or a toad(蟾蜍)．”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了两个性格和外表不同的姐妹对给予他人帮助的不同反应及她们得到的相应的结果，彰显了善有善报的道理。‎ ‎1．A.goodtempered　　　　 B．badtempered C．kind D．beautiful B　解析：根据下文中的“her ill mother” 并结合下文她训斥小女儿可推知，她脾气不好。‎ ‎2．A.daughter B．teacher C．mother D．father D　解析：根据语境中的转折可知，此处与 “herself” 形成对比。小女儿不像她而是像父亲。‎ ‎3．A.complain B．play C．work D．study C　解析：根据下文中的 “Among her other ______jobs, she was forced to carry water every day ______．” 并结合“live upon the leftovers of her elder sister ” 可推知，小女儿整天要做许多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩饭菜生活。‎ ‎4．A.easy B．hard C．interesting D．boring B　解析：根据上文中的“The younger daughter had to ______ hard all day” 可推知，小女儿的工作都很辛苦，很累人。‎ ‎5．A.within reach B．with ease C．without hesitation D．from a great distance D　解析：根据本段的整体内容可知，小女儿过得很艰难。由 “she was forced to carry water every day” 可推知，小女儿还得每天从很远的地方挑水，这与其艰难的生活境况呼应。‎ ‎6．A.when B．while C．once D．before A　解析：此处应用 when 引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词 One day。‎ ‎7．A.hesitated B．agreed C．left D．argued B　解析：根据空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman” 可推知，小女儿答应了老妇人的请求。‎ ‎8．A.boy B．old woman C．old man D．fairy D　解析：根据下文的“The lady, who was the fairy” 可推知，老妇人是仙女变过来的。‎ ‎9．A.although B．but C．while D．and 10‎ D　解析：根据语境可知，空处前后句表示逻辑上的并列关系，故选 D。‎ ‎10．A.scolded B．praised C．thanked D．forgave A　解析：与 “her ill mother” 和 “her long absence” 呼应并结合下文小女儿的道歉可知，此处表示小女儿受到母亲的训斥。‎ ‎11．A.waist B．hair C．lips D．hands C　解析：根据上文中的 “Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.” 可知，小女儿以后说话会口吐花儿或者宝石，故选 C。lip “嘴唇”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.amused B．interested C．astonished D．frightened C　解析：小女儿突然口吐珍珠和宝石，她的母亲自然很吃惊。 astonished “吃惊的”。‎ ‎13．A.awarded B．called C．showed D．taught B　解析：根据上文中的“What is this I see, child？” 可推知，寡妇很震惊，对小女儿的态度突然转变，柔和了很多，称她为“孩子”。‎ ‎14．A.difficulty B．thought C．experiment D．experience D　解析：小女儿迫切地将自己遇到仙女的经历告诉了母亲。experience “经历”。‎ ‎15．A.advised B．got C．forced D．invited B　解析：get sb.to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，符合语境。‎ ‎16．A.slim B．tall C．elder D．poor D　解析：与上文中的“The poor girl”呼应可推知，这里指可怜的小女儿。‎ ‎17．A.river B．pool C．fountain D．well C　解析：与上文中的“One day ______she had just filled her pot at the fountain” 呼应可推知，大女儿也来到喷泉那里。‎ ‎18．A.asked for B．asked of C．asked about D．asked after A　解析：与上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water” 呼应可推知，一个漂亮的女士向大女儿讨水喝。‎ ‎19．A.rudely B．jokingly C．proudly D．hurriedly A　解析：与下文中的“your rudeness”呼应可推知，当时大女儿举止很粗鲁，与上文的“the impatient girl” 呼应，故选A。‎ ‎20．A.deserve B．face C．equal D．repay C　解析：结合语境可知，此处表示仙女要送给大女儿一份与她的粗鲁相匹配的礼物。equal “比得上”。‎ 语法填空 10‎ The World Health Organization(WHO) has made an appeal to scientists，drug manufacturers and governments.The WHO wants them to work together 1.____________(develop) drugs to fight 12 bacteria.These bacteria 2.____________(be) able to resist 3.____________(power) antibiotic(抗生素) drugs.The resistance is so unusually strong that all the 12 bacteria have been given a special name “superbug”．‎ The United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human 4.____________(healthy)．It said they have 5.____________ability to easily turn treatable infections into killers.The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material 6.____________helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.‎ MariePaule Kieny is the Assistant DirectorGeneral at the WHO.She said，“Antibiotic resistance is growing and we are fast running out 7.____________treatment options.”She urged governments to give drug companies reasons to develop new treatments.“If we leave it to market forces alone，the new antibiotics we most 8.____________(urgent) need are not going to be developed in time，”she said.‎ Antibiotic drugs can lose their effectiveness when people take more or less than the amount 9.____________(require) by doctors.When this happens，infections that 10.____________(treat) at one time easily become resistant.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了世界卫生组织呼吁开发新的药物，以应对超级病菌对人类健康的威胁。‎ ‎1．to develop　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to develop。‎ ‎2．are　解析：考查动词时态。此处表示客观的陈述，故用一般现在时；结合空前的“These bacteria”可知，应填are。‎ ‎3．powerful　解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词短语，故填形容词powerful。‎ ‎4．health　解析：考查名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动词ing 形式作宾语。human health 意为“人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。‎ ‎5．the　解析：考查冠词。ability被不定式短语“to easily turn treatable infections into killers”所修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。‎ ‎6．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。‎ ‎7．of　解析：考查介词。固定搭配run out of 意为“用完”，故填介词of。‎ ‎8．urgently　解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。故此处应用副词urgently修饰动词need。‎ ‎9．required　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，require和amount之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎10．were treated　解析：考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“at one time”可知，treat 所表示的动作发生在过去，且动词treat和infections是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ 应用文写作 假如你是李华，你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会。请你写信请外教Susan参加，要点包括：‎ ‎1．时间：周五晚8点至9点；‎ ‎2．地点：学生俱乐部；‎ 10‎ ‎3．内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等；‎ ‎4．要求：备生日礼物。‎ 注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎2．词数80左右；‎ ‎3．信的开头及结尾已给出(不计入总词数)。‎ Dear Susan，‎ ‎ How are you? I would like to invite you to Xiaoming’s birthday.___________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎ One possible version：‎ Dear__Susan，‎ How__are__you?__I__would__like__to__invite__you__to__Xiaoming’s__birthday.‎ We will gather at the Students’ Club at 8 p．m. this Friday after the evening classes. And it’s going to last about an hour. We each will prepare a little present. When he comes, we’ll light the candles and sing Happy Birthday song together for him. Then, the cake will be cut and we’ll sing songs and play games. I’m sure you’ll have a good time at the party.‎ If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the school gate.‎ Yours,__‎ Li__Hua 概要写作 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shadegrown production to fullsun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance.‎ On a local level, the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly dying out.‎ On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for fullsun coffee fields also threatens human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests’ plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain disease. In addition, new coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world’s groundwater.‎ Both locally and globally, the continued spread of fullsun coffee plantations could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world’s climate, and studies show that loss ‎ 10‎ of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.‎ It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Fullsun production of coffee, though profitable, has caused much damage both locally and globally.Forests being cleared, animals lose their habitat and many species are dying out.Human life is also threatened for lack of cure for certain disease and healthy groundwater.Besides, the rainforest ecology could be destroyed, leading to climate change and acidic soil conditions.To ensure the future health of the planet and mankind, consumers are encouraged to purchase shadegrown coffee.‎ 10‎