2020版高考英语一轮基础习选题 Unit 3 Under the sea（含解析）新人教版选修7 8页

Unit 3 Under the sea 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people，according to a study from Berlin，Germany.‎ ‎“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents' health.This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，”said Sonja Hilbrand，one of the researchers.‎ The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.Overall，after accounting for grandparents' age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.‎ Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn't a relative.Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began，while nonhelpers lived for four years on average.‎ ‎“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，”said Professor Bruno Arpino.‎ Arpino noted，however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunteering.“Children should take_into_account their parents' needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，”he suggested.‎ ‎“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what ‘proper amounts of help' means，”Hilbrand said，adding，“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity (强度)of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”‎ ‎1．What is the caregiving study based on?‎ A．Human evolutionary history.‎ B．Demand of modern society.‎ C．Social contact between relatives.‎ 8‎ D．Data on many elderly people.‎ ‎2．In Arpino's opinion，childcare ________.‎ A．is sure to keep old people away from illnesses B．allows old people to live a more meaningful life C．creates more job opportunities for old people D．makes social activities inaccessible to old people ‎3．What does the underlined part“take into account”in Paragraph 6 probably mean?‎ A．Limit. B．Ignore.‎ C．Favor. D．Consider.‎ ‎4．What does the last paragraph tell us?‎ A．Grandparents can do anything in their own interests.‎ B．Grandparents should share more social responsibilities.‎ C．Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.‎ D．Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.‎ ‎【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。‎ 难句分析：Overall, after accounting for grandparents' age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.‎ 分析：本句为主从复合句。其中，Overall在此为副词，在句中作状语；after为介词，其后接动名词短语作宾语；两个who均引导定语从句compared with grandparents who...为过去分词短语作状语。‎ 译文：总的来说，在考虑祖父母的年龄和大致的健康状况后，与那些没照顾孙辈的祖父母相比，那些照顾孙辈的祖父母在20年间的死亡风险要低三分之一。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。‎ ‎2．B　推理判断题。根据题干中的Arpino's opinion定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society...”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。‎ ‎3．D　词义猜测题。根据上文中too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities及后面的“...their parents' needs，willingness，and desires 8‎ ‎ and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，take into account意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。‎ ‎4．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．We urged that she ________ (come) to the party, but she protested that she was too tired.‎ 答案：(should) come　urge “强烈要求”后跟从句时，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎2．The people in the earthquakestricken area are in ________ (urge) need of food, medicine and shelters.‎ 答案：urgent　in urgent need of ... “急需……”。‎ ‎3．He has been witness ________ a terrible murder.‎ 答案：to　be (a) witness to sth. “是某事的目击者”。‎ ‎4．The people had left before the soldiers came to the ________ (abandon) village.‎ 答案：abandoned　abandoned为形容词“被遗弃的；废弃的”，在句中修饰名词village。‎ ‎5．Everybody is aware ________ the importance of learning.‎ 答案：of　be/become aware of ... “意识到……”。‎ ‎6．When I reflect ________ my schooldays, I realize how much easier things are for today's children.‎ 答案：on　reflect on “认真思考；回想”。‎ ‎7．To be a brave man, you should not be scared ________ danger.‎ 答案：of　be scared of ... “害怕……”。‎ ‎8．Did you see that boy ________ (question) by the police?‎ 答案：being questioned　see sb. doing sth. “看到某人正在做某事”，又因为question与that boy存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用being questioned。此处意为正在受盘问。‎ 8‎ ‎9．It was a time ________ most people did not know how to operate a computer.‎ 答案：when　It was a time when ... “曾经一度(那时)……”，为固定句式，when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语。‎ ‎10．You have to trust your mind that it'll take you ________ you want to go.‎ 答案：where　where在该句中引导地点状语从句，表述你的头脑会带你去你想去的地方。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ Each year around Christmastime, I think back to the homeless dog that appeared at the family farm. His visit became a gift of __1__ that my family still talks about.‎ ‎ It was a few days after Christmas in 1999. A __2__ dog wandered onto the front porch (走廊)and __3__ in as if he'd lived here all his life. He quickly decided that his __4__ was to guard the house against squirrels. Every time he saw __5__， he'd bound off past the garden to the trees, __6__ at the top of his lungs. Then he'd walk back to his position on the __7__， ever vigilant (警惕的)．‎ Inside, the house was full of __8__.My 91yearold fatherinlaw, Jim Cravens, was seriously ill. The family had all __9__ to see to his care, to cook and to welcome __10__. Jim and his wife, Dorothy, were beloved ones of the community(社区). Whenever anyone __11__ the house to do anything or walk next door to my brotherinlaw's house, the black dog followed. He would __12__ wait until we were done, follow us home __13__ lie down on the porch.‎ This __14__ visitor gave us something new to talk about. Whose dog was he? Did someone __15__ along the road? Did he __16__ to stay? Anyway, it would be dark soon, and he would be __17__ on the winter night. Jim sat in the rocking chair by the front window where he could __18__ the happy black dog's comings and goings.‎ My __19__ said he wanted to live long enough to see the new millennium (千禧年), and he did. He __20__ away on January 2. That was the day the black dog left.‎ ‎ Later we heard that he was a rescued dog about a mile and a half from the farm. They named him Bogart.‎ ‎【文章大意】'本文主要讲述了一只无家可归的狗来到作者家并给作者家带来慰藉的故事。‎ ‎1．A.surprise B．comfort C．disaster D．decision 8‎ 答案与解析：B　根据全文内容可推知，这只狗给全家人带来了安慰，故选B。‎ ‎2．A.white B．yellow C．black D．brown 答案与解析：C　根据下文第12空前的“the black dog followed”可知，那只狗是黑色的。‎ ‎3．A.settled B．walked C．ran D．slept 答案与解析：A　根据空后的“as if he'd lived here all his life”可推知，无家可归的狗在走廊安顿下来，感觉就像它一直待在那里一样。settle表示“使处于舒适的位置，安顿”。settle in表示“安顿下来，适应于新家”。‎ ‎4．A.thought B．method C．view D．job 答案与解析：D　根据空后的“was to guard the house against squirrels”可推知，此处表示“它的职责”。‎ ‎5．A.one B．it C．that D．this 答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，此处应用one指代一只松鼠。‎ ‎6．A.barking B．singing C．reading D．laughing 答案与解析：A　与上文的“to guard the house against squirrels”呼应可知，狗看到松鼠就叫。bark表示“(狗)吠叫”。‎ ‎7．A.ground B．porch C．table D．carpet 答案与解析：B　与上文的“dog wandered onto the front porch(走廊)”呼应可知，此处指狗又回到了走廊。‎ ‎8．A.joy B．sadness C．shock D．excitement 答案与解析：B　根据下文的“My 91yearold fatherinlaw，Jim Cravens, was seriously ill”可推知，当时家里因为老人的重病而充满忧伤。‎ ‎9．A.waited B．moved C．gathered D．left 答案与解析：C　根据“The family had all”和“see to his care，to cook”可推知，家里人聚在一起来看护老人。gather“聚集”。‎ ‎10．A.doctors B．passengers 8‎ C．readers D．visitors 答案与解析：D　根据语境可推知，此处表示欢迎来探望的人。‎ ‎11．A.bought B．entered C．left D．rented 答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“walk next door to my brotherinlaw's house”可推知，此处表示的是“当有人离开时”。‎ ‎12．A.hopefully B．anxiously C．hurriedly D．patiently 答案与解析：D　根据下文的“wait until we were done”可知，狗很有耐心。‎ ‎13．A.and B．or C．but D．yet 答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，wait，follow和lie down是一系列的动作，故用连词and。‎ ‎14．A.happy B．curious C．eager D．fearful 答案与解析：B　根据下文的几个疑问句可推知，这只狗引起了大家的好奇，空处与“gave us something new to talk about”呼应。‎ ‎15．A.pick him up B．drive him back C．drop him off D．turn him down 答案与解析：C　根据上文的“the homeless dog”可知，大家猜测这只狗是不是被人丢弃的，故选C。‎ ‎16．A.pretend B．agree C．intend D．need 答案与解析：C　根据下文的“Anyway，it would be dark soon, and he would be__17__ on the winter night”可推知，大家对这只狗接下来的安置有所担忧，所以有了“他打算留下来吗？”的疑问。‎ ‎17．A.sorry B．hot C．warm D．cold 答案与解析：D　根据空后的“on the winter night”可知，冬天夜里是寒冷的。‎ ‎18．A.watch B．hear C．feel D．imagine 答案与解析：A　根据空后的“the happy black dog's comings and goings”可知，此处表示“看到这只快乐的黑狗的进进出出”。‎ ‎19．A.father B．fatherinlaw 8‎ C．brother D．brotherinlaw 答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“My 91yearold fatherinlaw，Jim Cravens，was seriously ill”可推知，病重的岳父想活过新的千禧年。‎ ‎20．A.ran B．died C．went D．passed 答案与解析：D　根据上文提到老人活过了新的千禧年并结合下文的“away on January ‎2”‎可知，应选D。pass away意为“去世”。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．A truck came in an opposite direction of the car, so the car driver made a sharply turn.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：sharply→sharp　sharp “急转弯的，方向骤变的”，修饰名词turn, a sharp turn “一个急转弯”。‎ ‎2．Judging from the furniture in the room, the building has abandoned for a number of years.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：has后加been　building与abandon之间为被动关系，现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been done，故应加been。‎ ‎3．I was about to go out while suddenly it began to rain.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：while→when　be about to do ... when ... “正要做……这时……”。‎ ‎4．Have you read the novel reflected the life of the Chinese doctors?‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：reflected→reflecting　the novel与reflect之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应将过去分词reflected改为现在分词reflecting, 现在分词短语在该句中充当后置定语修饰novel。‎ ‎5．He was scared to die of catching a disease so he'd run off to wash his hands after he shook hands with anybody.‎ ‎______________________________________________________‎ 答案：die→death　be scared to death “吓得要死”，为固定短语。‎ 五、七选五 8‎ 8‎