【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题介词（21页word版） 21页

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题介词 ‎【考点解读】‎ 介词无法在句中独立担当成分，其后一般接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，还可接不定式（如：except, but）或that引导的从句作宾语，构成介词短语，有时还可接另外一个介词短语（如：from among the trees）。‎ 一、介词的分类：‎ ‎1. 从结构上分，可分为：简单介词（如：at, in, on, for, over, up）、合成介词（如：inside, outside, within, without）、以-ing结尾的介词（如：concerning, including, excluding, following）和短语介词（如：according to, because of, apart from, in case of）。‎ ‎2. 从含义上分，可分为表示时间（如：at, in, on, before, between）、地点（如：at, in, on, under, behind）、趋向（如：to / towards, across, off, up）、原因（如：for, with, due to）、让步（如：despite, in spite of）和条件（如：in case of, without, but for）等的介词。‎ 二．核心介词必备清单：‎ ‎1)表示“时间”的介词：‎ ‎(1) at，on，in at：用在钟点、黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜、节日等时间名词前或表示一段时间的开头或结尾。‎ at 12：00，at noon，at night，at midnight, at dawn，at daybreak，at sunrise，at the weekend，at Christmas on：用在具体的某一天、星期几及某一天的上午、下午、晚上等的时间名词前，即on表示具体的时间。‎ on October 1st，on a rainy day，on National Day，on the morning of January 3rd，on the afternoon of his arrival in：用在某年、月、季节、上午、下午、晚上等的时间名词以及较长的时间如世纪、朝代之前。‎ in the Tang Dynasty，in September，in the morning/afternoon/evening 注意:‎ 当时间名词前有this，that，last，next，some，every等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。‎ ‎(2) for，during，through for：指某个动作或状态持续了多少时间。‎ during：指某个动作或状态在某个时间段里或整个过程中断断续续地发生过多次，或在整个时间段里的某一点发生过，起止时间比较明显。‎ through：在……期间；从……开头到结尾(最后那天包括在内，此时与throughout相同)‎ ‎(3) from，since from: 只用作介词，表示某动作或情况自某时开始，不表示什么时候结束。‎ since：既可用作介词，也可用作连词，常表示某动作或情况自某时开始，一直持续到说话时刻。‎ ‎(4) before，by，until，till before：早于；在……之前 by： ①表示“不迟于……，在(某时)前”。②表示“在……期间，在……时间内”。‎ until：是比较正式的用法。在肯定句中和持续性动词连用，表示动作一直持续到until后面的时间为止；在否定句中和瞬间性动词连用，表示该动作直到until后面的时间才开始。‎ till：意义与until相同。‎ ‎(5)after，in，within after：后接时间段表示过去“一段时间之后”，与一般过去时态连用；后接时间点表示“某一时刻之后”，与将来时态连用。‎ in：后接时间段表示“在何时”或将来“一段时间之后”，与将来时态连用。‎ within：指“在……之内”，强调事情发生的全过程不超过某一段时间。‎ ‎2) 表示方位的介词 ‎(1) on，above，over和below，under，beneath ‎① on，above，over皆可表示“在……之上”。区别是on表示与表面接触的上方；‎ above表示“在……上方，高于”，但不垂直，表面不接触；‎ over表示正上方，强调“垂直在……之上”，如果over指上下接触，则含有部分或全部覆盖之意，还可表示动作在某物体的上方进行，意为“越过，通过”。‎ ‎② below，under，beneath皆可表示“在……之下”。‎ below表示不垂直并与表面不接触的下方；‎ under表示垂直并与表面不接触的下方；‎ beneath表示在某物之下，可以表示垂直或不垂直，也可以表示上下接触的意思。‎ ‎(2) in front of，in the front of两个介词短语皆有“在前面”的意思，区别是:‎ in front of通常相对于某物体的外部来说，指某人或某物位于该物前面，意为“在……前面”；‎ in the front of通常相对于空间而言，指某人或某物位于某个空间的内部，意为“在……的前部”。‎ ‎(3) near，beside，by beside和near都有“靠近”的意思，‎ beside强调“在……旁边(＝at the side of)”，指两者的位置关系，多用于人；‎ near意为“在……附近(＝at a short distance from)”，表示两者之间的距离，多用于场所，另外near还可表示时间或程度等。‎ by表示“在……旁边”时含有“倚，凭，靠，沿着”等意。 ‎ ‎(4) about，round，around 表示“在……周围”时，‎ about指的是“靠近……周围”，不表示“把……团团围住”，而round和around指“完全的、封闭的周围”，‎ round既可表示静态位置，也可表示动态的动作，around通常表示静态的位置。‎ ‎(5) along，across，through，by along意为“沿着”，和动态动词连用，也可以和静态动词连用，表示“在空间的某一点上，在某一段空间里”。‎ across的含义与on有关，表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的，指从一端到另一端或成十字交叉穿过。‎ across可以表示“在……对面或另一边”，相当于opposite。‎ through的含义与in有关，表示动作从物体中间穿过，这个动作是在三维空间进行的。‎ by表示从某物或某人的旁边经过。‎ ‎3) 表示“原因，理由”的介词 常见的有for，because of，owing to，due to，on account of，thanks to，out of等。‎ for：多与表示感情的抽象名词或动词及reason，famous等词连用。‎ because of：意为“由于，因为”，强调因果关系，在句中仅作状语，修饰句中的一部分，与其他成分不用逗号隔开。‎ owing to: 与because ‎ of一样，也强调因果关系，除作状语外，也可作表语。作状语修饰整个句子，可放在句首或句末，用逗号隔开。‎ due to：引出造成后果的原因，在句中作表语、状语和定语。作表语和状语时与owing to同义，作状语时，一般不用逗号与其他成分隔开。on account of：与because of，owing to同 义，但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语，但不作定语。‎ thanks to：只能用作状语，可以表示正面的意思“幸亏”，也可以用在讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。‎ out of：意为“因为，出于，由于”，后面常接抽象名词。‎ ‎4) 表示“支持，反对”的介词:‎ against：意为“反对”，指在观点或主张方面与某人采取对立的态度。‎ for：指在观点或主张等方面与某人采取一致的态度，意思是“支持，赞成”，与in favor of 同义。‎ 注意:　against还有“倚着，靠着”的意思。‎ e.g. His bed is against the wall. ‎ 他的床靠墙放着。 ‎ ‎5) 表示“除……之外”的介词 except: 指从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分。‎ but: 与except意义相同，但其语气较except弱，常与不定代词和疑问代词连用。‎ 注意:‎ 当except位于句首时，后面往往加上for。‎ Except for this，everything is in good order.‎ ‎＝Everything is in good order except this.‎ 除此之外，一切状况良好。‎ except for：意为“除……之外”，它的含义是肯定句子主体，排除局部。‎ besides：意为“除……之外(还有……)”。‎ 注意:‎ besides还可用作副词，意为“而且；还有”。‎ e.g. I don't want to go; besides, I am too tired.‎ 我不想去了，再说我也太累了。‎ other than：意为“除……之外”，后可接名词、代词、动名词和动词原形，并且可以与but，except互换；但当except后接副词、介词短语和when从句等时，but/other than不可替换except。‎ apart from：既可以表示besides，又可以表示except或者except for，还可以表示without的意思。‎ 注意:‎ 用于否定句时，besides，except与but可相互替换。‎ No other students passed the difficult math exam except/besides/but Lin Tao and Wu Dong.‎ 除林涛和吴东外，其他的学生都没有通过那次很难的数学考试。‎ 三．介词的固定搭配： ‎ ‎1. 介词短语: ‎ on average 平均　 ‎ in favor of 支持 with regard to 关于 ‎ rather than 而不是 in case of 如果, 假使 ‎ in detail 详细地 in vain 徒劳地 ‎ on purpose 故意地 in turn 依次 ‎ in general 一般来说 on the contrary 相反 ‎ in advance 提前 apart from 除……之外 ‎ in addition to 除……之外 instead of 代替 ‎ in need 急需, 在危难中 in spite of 不管, 不顾 ‎ regardless of 不管, 不顾 in charge of 负责, 主管 ‎ in exchange of 作为交换 in return for 作为回报 ‎ out of sight 在视野之外 out of question 不成问题 ‎ out of order 出故障, 混乱 other than 除了, 不同于 ‎ beyond description 难以描述地 by means of 依靠, 借助于 ‎ in terms of 就……而言 in honor of 为了纪念, 向…表示敬意 for the benefit of 为了……利益 by accident/by chance 偶然, 意外地 ‎2. 介词在动词短语中的固定搭配用法: ‎ lead to 导致　　　 ‎ feel like 想要　　　‎ go against 违背 ‎ call for 需要, 要求 ‎ agree with 同意, 赞同 ‎ care about 关心, 介意　‎ apply to 适用于 ‎ contribute to 贡献, 有助于, 促成 appeal to 呼吁, 上诉, 对…感兴趣 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事 ‎3. 介词与形容词形成的固定搭配用法: ‎ be crazy about 着迷于, 热衷于 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 be popular with 受……欢迎 be enthusiastic about 热衷于 be afraid of 对……感到害怕的 be proud of 对……感到自豪的 be particular about 对……挑剔的 be bored with 对……感到厌倦的 be strict with 对……要求严格的 ‎【真题分析】‎ 一、单项选择 ‎1. (2018·天津卷) Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.‎ A. at first B. after all C. above all D. at random ‎【答案】B ‎2. (2018·江苏卷) China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.‎ A. in line with B. in reply to C. in return for D. in honour of ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：中国的软实力增长与日俱增与全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。A. in line with按照；与……一致；B. in ‎ reply to答复；C. in return for作为……的报答；D. in honour of为纪念，为庆祝。故选A。‎ ‎3. (2018·北京卷)—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.‎ ‎—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.‎ A. for B. on C. in D. at ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：——早上好，Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午（和Mr. Lee见面）。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故A选项正确。‎ ‎4.(2017·北京卷) Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.‎ ‎ A. at B. in C. on D. by ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。此处用个词近不用by，因为by后面通常接做什么事情来谋生；此处是指在捕鱼这个行业里，在这个行们里谋生，用in，故选B。‎ ‎5.(2017·江苏卷) Determining where we are _________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.‎ A. in contrast to B. in defense of C. in face of D. in relation to ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词短语。A. in contrast to对比，截然不同；B. in defense of为……辩护；C. in face of面对；D. in relation to与……有关。句意：根据周围的环境辨别方位仍然是我们生存的一项极其重要的技能。故选D。‎ ‎6.(2017·北京卷) When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.‎ A. among B. against C. behind D. below ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:当你开车穿过加利福尼亚的红木森林时,你将会穿梭于超过千年历史的树木之间。be among位于…之间；be against反对；be behind在……后面；be below在…之下。根据句意选A ‎7.(2017·天津卷) When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _____ trees that are over 1,000 years old.‎ A. among B. against C. behind D. below ‎【答案】A ‎8. (2017·天津卷) We offer an excellent education to our students. ________, we expect students to work hard.‎ A. On average B. At best C. in return D. After all ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查介词短语辨析。试题分析:句意:我们给我们的学生们提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生们努力学习。A.平均起来，一般说来 B.最多，充其量 C.作为汇报 D.毕竟，终究。根据句意选C ‎9. (2016·浙江) In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK.‎ A. that B. this C. one D. it ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查代词。试题分析：句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不相同。指代上文的名词education system，用that，而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。This表示“近指”，one是泛指可数名词单数，it是特指上文提到的名词。故选A。‎ ‎10. (2016·浙江) The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.‎ A. on B. in C. at D. about ‎【答案】B 二、单句填空 ‎1. (2018·浙江卷) If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ____65____ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.‎ ‎【答案】for ‎【解析】考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。‎ ‎2. (2018·北京卷) I think the faith that everyone has shown _____33_____ him has touched him.‎ ‎【答案】in ‎【解析】考查介词。大家向Tom表示出的信任触动了Tom。faith意为“信任，相信”，常和介词in搭配，意为“对……的信任，相信……”，故填in。‎ ‎3. (2017·全国I卷) This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease…‎ ‎【答案】as ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。‎ ‎4. (2017·全国II卷) It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work.‎ ‎【答案】from ‎【解析】考查介词，to and from来回，故填from。‎ ‎5. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ) After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree _____68___ engineering or architecture.‎ ‎【答案】in ‎【解析】名词degree意为“学位”，后面应该跟介词in，表示“在……方面”。a degree in engineering or architecture意为“工程学或建筑学学位”。‎ ‎6.(2017·天津卷)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be ________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.‎ ‎【答案】among　‎ ‎【解析】句意：当你驾车穿越加利福尼亚的红木森林时，你将会置身于千年以上树龄的树林中。among “在……之间；在……中”，由前文中的drive through the Redwood Forests可知among符合句意。‎ ‎7.(2017·北京卷)Many people who live along the coast make a living ________ fishing industry.‎ ‎【答案】in　‎ ‎【解析】句意：许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。介词in在此表示“从事于……”。make a living in fishing industry “靠渔业谋生”。 ‎ ‎8.(2017·江苏高考)Determining where we are in relation ________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.‎ ‎【答案】to　‎ ‎9. (2016·全国卷Ⅲ) Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.‎ ‎【答案】with　‎ ‎【解析】with one’s hands “用某人的手”。介词with意为“用”。‎ ‎10. (2016·四川高考)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years.‎ ‎【答案】for ‎【解析】句意：熊猫妈妈对小熊猫的照顾会持续两年多。“for＋时间段”表示持续一段时间。‎ 三、单句改错 ‎1. (2018·全国II卷) Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.‎ ‎【答案】for→with ‎【解析】考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把for改为with。‎ ‎2. (2018·全国I卷) At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.‎ ‎【答案】删除for ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除for。‎ ‎3. (2017·全国I卷) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.‎ ‎【答案】on→of ‎4. (2017·全国II卷) They have also bought for some gardening tools. Besides, they often get some useful information from the internet.‎ ‎【答案】去掉bought后的for ‎【解析】buy是及物动词，后面直接接名词或代词作宾语。‎ ‎5. (2017·全国Ⅲ卷)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I have grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.‎ ‎【答案】去掉realize后的of　‎ ‎【解析】realize是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语从句“how fast time flies”。‎ ‎6. (2016· 全国I卷) My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.‎ ‎【答案】becoming前加of。‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。dream of doing sth．是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。‎ ‎7. (2016· 全国II卷) But in that case, we will learn little about world.‎ ‎【答案】在world前加the。‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故应用定冠词the。‎ ‎8. (2016·全国Ⅲ卷) At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.‎ ‎【答案】删除the。‎ ‎【解析】考查固定搭配。at first表示“起初”。‎ ‎9. (2016· 四川卷) I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen．‎ ‎【答案】kitchen前加the。‎ ‎【解析】此处特指“我”家的厨房，故加the。‎ ‎10. (2016· 浙江卷) Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we’d greet him at the door ‎【答案】end前添加the。‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。此处at the end of是固定词组，表示“在……的最后”。‎ ‎【对点测试】‎ 一、单项选择 ‎1. (2018·天津市一中) Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you the tough years.‎ A. through B. up C. with D. from ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】介词辨析. A.度过，通过,强调从内部通过 B. 在……上，向上； C.带有，用某种工具 D. 从；来自。句意：毕业时刻是一个感谢那些曾经帮助你度过艰难岁月的人的好时刻。故选A。‎ ‎2. (2018·江苏无锡一中) The UK will play a huge role in the Belt and Road countries, not just _____ trade, and capital flows but also people to people flows.‎ A. in terms of B. in view of C. in favor of D. in regard to ‎【答案】A ‎3. (2018·江苏无锡一中) Bitcoin (比特币) is a digital currency used by terrorists and drug dealers, as well as major companies like Microsoft and Overstock.com. _____, everyone from private individuals who order pizza to terrorists who order weapons.‎ A. Among other things B. On top of that C. More often than not D. In other words ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：比特币是一种电子货币，除了微软和Overstock.com等大公司使用外，恐怖分子和毒品交易上也使用比特币。换句话说，从订购披萨的个人到购买武器的恐怖分子都使用比特币。A. Among other things除了其它方面；B. On top of that除此以外；C. More often than not通常；D. In other words换句话说。根据语境，故选D。‎ ‎4. (2018·江苏启东中学) Before real estate control policies were introduced, people hoped that their income would be increased ________ the rise in housing prices.‎ A. in touch with B. in anticipation of C. in line with D. in combination of ‎【答案】C ‎5. (2018·江苏常熟中学) —Why do you suggest we buy a new machine?‎ ‎—Because the old one has been damaged .‎ A. beyond reach B. Beyond repair C. beyond control D. beyond description ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查介词短语。A. beyond reach够不着；B. Beyond repair无法修理；C. beyond control无法控制；D. beyond description无法形容。句意：--你为什么建议我们买台新机器?--因为旧的已经损坏无法修理。表示无法修理，故选B. ‎ ‎6. (2018·北京人大) --- I have been working for more than 30 years! I’m going to retire next month.‎ ‎--- Really? You don’t look a day 40!‎ A. over B. by C. with D. for ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词。 --我已经工作30多年了。很快就要退休了。--真的吗？你看起来一点都不像40多岁的样子。over在---之上，结合句意，可知答案为A。‎ ‎7. (2018·天津耀华中学) --- How did your brother lose so much weight?‎ ‎--- ________ eating less, he walked five miles every day.‎ A. In terms of B. In spite of C. In addition to D. With regard to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查介词短语。A. In spite of虽然 B. In addition to此外C. Instead of相反的D. Thanks to 多亏了。句意：--她怎么象预期一样减了那么多肥？--除了少吃，她每天慢跑五英里。选C。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 本题考查了介词的短语辨析，在平时要加强识记，本题的4个项考查都很多。‎ ‎8. (2018·北京丰台区) What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant another?‎ A. over B. of C. from D. for ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：杰克，你选择这家饭店，而不是另一家的主要原因是什么？‎ over强调比较的概念，意为“胜过”，你选择一家餐馆而不是另一家。故A正确。of表示所属关系；from表示“来自，从”；for表示“为了”。 ‎ ‎9. (2018· 北京海淀区) This view is common _________ all sections of the community.‎ A. across B. above C. around D. along ‎【答案】A ‎10. (2018·北京朝阳区) The boy is having a fever. You’d better damp a towel and lay it ______ his forehead.‎ A. across B. within C. through D. beyond ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：这个男孩在发烧。你最好把毛巾弄湿，铺在他的额头上。A. across从表面上穿过；B. within在……里面；C. through从里面穿过；D. beyond超过。根据句意可知在额头上用across, 故选A.‎ 二、单句填空 ‎1. (2018·全国名校联盟) As for the treasures, selection criteria, Yu said the show tries to take ___48___ account historical, artistic and scientific values.‎ ‎【答案】into ‎【解析】考查介词。take into account “考虑”是固定短语，故填into。‎ ‎2. (2018·河北衡水中学) Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls ___47___ all over the country poured in.‎ ‎【答案】from ‎【解析】考查介词。因此，来自全世界的电报、信件和电话蜂拥而来。表示“来自……”，所以填from。‎ ‎3. (2018·广东中山一中等) For most Chinese brides, red shoes should also be worn ___42___ their big day.‎ ‎【答案】on ‎【解析】句意：对于大多数中国新娘来说，红鞋也应该在她们的大日子里穿。“在某一天”用介词on。‎ ‎4. (2018· 广东仲元中学等) But never again did my mother close out my day ___45___ that familiar expression of her love.‎ ‎【答案】with ‎【解析】意思是“用她那熟悉的爱的表达方式”，表示“用”，填介词with。‎ ‎5. (2018·浙江杭州市) They ended up ___44___ the same high school where they kept regular contacts over the years.‎ ‎【答案】in ‎【解析】考查介词。在同一所学校用in the same high school。‎ ‎6. (2018·江西新余市) During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot ___42___ a dump site(垃圾场).‎ ‎【答案】as ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：在18世纪，几个相邻的城镇通常会一起选择一个偏远的地点作为垃圾场。as作介词意为“作为，当作”。‎ ‎7. (2018·江西新余市) In short, I believe that it is____49____great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.‎ ‎【答案】of ‎8. (2018·江西临川一中) You are not wearing your seat belt, so you can slide in and out of your seat easily. That sounds ____47____ a lot of fun.‎ ‎【答案】like ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：那听起来像是很有趣。sound like意为“听起来像……”，故填like。‎ ‎9. (2018·杭州外国语学校) In other words, I guess, labor ____19____ her was more important than oratory which means making speeches.‎ ‎【答案】for ‎【解析】考查介词。根据上文“Laboratory-in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized, not the last seven.”和“In other words”可推断，我认为，劳动对于她来说比演讲更重要。for“对”符合语境。故填for。‎ ‎10. (2018·辽宁六校协作体) The book tells the story of the growing relationship___49___city girl, Sunflower, and country boy, Bronze.‎ ‎【答案】between ‎【解析】考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个城市女孩，向日葵和乡村男孩，青铜的故事。between ---and---，两者之间，故答案为between。‎ 三、单句改错 ‎1. (2018·全国名校联盟) And we should communicate to our parents regularly can know what is happening in our school.‎ ‎【答案】to→with ‎【解析】考查介词。communicate with sb.“与某人交流”；communicate to“传递”是固定短语，结合句意，故将to改为with。‎ ‎2. (2018·湖南长郡中学) The students were afraid of him though he was seldom pleased of the answers they gave.‎ ‎【答案】(pleased) of→with ‎3. (2018·湖北黄冈中学) Between all the subjects, English was my favourite and I’m good at it.‎ ‎【答案】Between→Among/Of ‎【解析】考查介词。在所有的科目中，英语是我最喜欢的也是我擅长的科目。表示“在……中”，所以第六句Between改成Among/Of。‎ ‎4. (2018·河北武邑中学) In order to prevent from this dangerous behavior, more overpasses(立交桥) should be built to make it easier for the public to cross the street.‎ ‎【答案】去掉from ‎【解析】考查介词。根据语境可知，是为了阻止这一危险行为，from多余，prevent本身表“阻止”，故去掉from。‎ ‎5. (2018·广东仲元中学等) More interestingly, I tried operating on some aircraft by myself. During the visit, I took lots of pictures as well.‎ ‎【答案】去掉on ‎【解析】operate是及物动词，后面直接跟名词，不需加介词。故将on去掉。‎ ‎6. (2018·厦门大同中学) Mother took me to the hospital, and the doctor said I had a fever and that I must stay in bed in a couple of days.‎ ‎【答案】in→for ‎【解析】考查介词。要卧床休息几天，要用“for+一段时间”，而in+一段时间，意为“在….之后，如把in改为for。‎ ‎7. (2018·厦门大同中学) The wind was cool before the rain. In a while I felt so cold that my body was trembling.‎ ‎【答案】before→after ‎【解析】考查介词。雨后的风很凉。根据常识，是下雨之后天气会冷，故把before改为after。‎ ‎8. (2018·全国名校联盟) Nobody knew how to deal it.‎ ‎【答案】deal后加with ‎【解析】固定短语，deal 是不及物动词，通常与with搭配。‎ ‎9. (2018·辽宁六校协作体) He encourages us to think independently instead giving us the answer to a question immediate.‎ ‎【答案】instead 后加of ‎10. (2018· ) After arriving home, it occurred him that he could make a bag by using his old trousers.‎ ‎【答案】在him前加to ‎【解析】考查固定句式。It occurred to sb.‎ ‎ that---，某人突然想起，故在him前加to。‎ 四、单句翻译（介词）‎ ‎1. 我现在非常着急。 (in)‎ ‎【答案】I am in a big hurry at the moment.‎ ‎【解析】把“着急”描绘成一个容器。你可以呆在这个标明“着急”的容器里。还可以用形容词来修饰这个容器（a big hurry）。这种表达有很强的形象感和空间感。请考生认真体会介词的这种妙用，来丰富英语的表达方式，习惯和适应英语这种表达。‎ ‎2. 这男孩透过窗观看外面的公交车、小汽车和自行车。(out of)‎ ‎【答案】The boy watched the buses, cars and bikes out from the window.‎ ‎【解析】out of 从里到外，相当于outside，或从里向外，相当于from。‎ ‎3.火车飞速驶过隧道。(through)‎ ‎【答案】The train moved fast through the tunnel.‎ ‎【解析】across 横过一个平面，through 穿过一个立体空间。‎ ‎4. 他以每小时80英里的速度行驶。(at)‎ ‎【答案】He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.‎ ‎【解析】此句中at表示“以……的速度”“以……的价格” ‎ ‎5. 这艘救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。(from)‎ ‎【答案】The lifeboat is made from some special material. ‎ ‎ ‎