【英语】2018届高考英语二轮复习定语从句在短文语法填空中考查指导学案（6页word版） 6页

‎2018届二轮复习 定语从句在短文语法填空中考查指导 4 ‎(1)what不能引导定语从句 ‎[典例1]　(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Maybe you have a habit __67___ is driving your family crazy.‎ 分析：定语从句的先行词为前面的a habit，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。注意：此处不能用what。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2016·四川高考)The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.‎ 分析：dishes后为定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，此处引导词在从句中作cooked的宾语。故what→that/which或去掉what。‎ ‎(2)that不能引导非限制性定语从句 ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __47__ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C., influenced the development of chopsticks.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子是非限制性定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词Confucius(孔子)，且从句中缺少主语，故填who。注意：此处不能填that。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·淮南市模拟)For another, the number of bikes and cars can be limited, that can decrease the traffic flow.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，“that can decrease the traffic flow”‎ 为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子，故that→which。 ‎ ‎(3)定语从句中先行词表示地点、时间或原因时，引导词不一定是where, when或why ‎[典例1]　(2017·兰州一中模拟)He came from a family ___43__ had been rich for at least one hundred years.‎ 分析：定语从句的先行词为表示地点的family，但定语从句缺少主语，故填that/which。注意：此处不能用where。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·六盘山高级中学模拟)They have set up a useful nature park in Sichuan, where is called “Pandas’ Home”．‎ 分析：定语从句的先行词为表示地点的nature park，但非限制性定语从句缺少主语，故where→which。注意：此处不能用where。‎ ‎(4)逗号后面的引导词不一定用which ‎[典例1]　(2017·绵阳市模拟)The history of London goes back to its founding by the Romans, __62__ named it Londinium.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Romans指人，故填who。此处不能用which。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·日照市校际联合检测)I ended up working at McDonalds, which I met some customers who didn’t like Indians and treated me badly.‎ 分析：逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为McDonalds，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故which→where。‎ 3 对定语从句的解答，只要掌握三个步骤，问题即可迎刃而解，我们可以称之为“三步曲”。‎ ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, __65__ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.‎ 分析：第一步：找出句中的先行词，并将其还原代入从句中，使从句成为一个完整的句子“in the mid1980s I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.”；‎ 第二步：确定被代入部分在从句中充当的成分。in the mid1980s在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词；‎ 第三步：先行词in the mid1980s指时间，故填when。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __64__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.‎ 分析：第一步：找出句中的先行词，并将其还原代入从句中，使从句成为一个完整的句子“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters ‎ of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.”；‎ 第二步：确定被代入部分在从句中充当的成分。“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River”在从句中作主语，应用关系代词；‎ 第三步：先行词“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River”指物，故填that/which。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·成都市模拟)Nowadays, school violence is a hot issue, which calls for great concern.‎ ‎2．(2017·哈三中模拟)This could be Mary Moe’s motto — the expression that/which best represents her spirit.‎ ‎3．(2017·九江一中模拟)Las Vegas has wonderful restaurants where you can eat many different kinds of food.‎ ‎4．(2017·福州八中质检)We first attended the opening parade, for which our class had made a lot of preparations.‎ ‎5．(2017·豫南九校模拟)No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster, who helped me out simply by listening and hugging.‎ ‎6．(2017·唐山市模拟)Then he was sent to his current home, where there were many other giant pandas.‎ ‎7．(2017·衡水中学模拟)It makes no difference from ordinary events, ‎ in which candidates go around to seek supports.‎ ‎8．As is known to all, “Yesterday is history.Tomorrow is mystery.But today is a gift.”‎ ‎9．(2017·遵义市模拟)There is a lady at my school whose job is to prevent students from leaving the campus without permission.‎ ‎10．(2017·安徽省示范高中联考)Though you learn a lot of English grammar, you are afraid to speak English, especially with foreigners, with whom you have to work.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·山师附中模拟)Mr.Turner, that liked to help his grandfather grow flowers in the garden, was looking forward to the job offered by the company.that→who ‎2．(2017·青岛市模拟)And I’ll never forget the days when we spent together.when→that/which或去掉when ‎3．I find it interesting to live in the countryside, which there is very beautiful scenery.which→where ‎4．(2017·湖北省八校联考)Altogether I had five roommates, two of which arrived later.which→whom ‎5．(2017·唐山一中调研考试)Which is known to all, nowadays the Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.Which→As ‎6．(2017·长沙市联考)Besides, lucky money is the most attractive part for children, it forms the good memory of our childhood._it→‎ which或it前加and ‎7．(2017·陕西师大附中模拟)It can be very unpleasant in winter which it is cold and the wind is blowing heavily.which→when ‎8．(2017·成都市模拟)I stay in a dormitory with three other girls, all of them are kind and nice.them→whom或all前加and ‎9．(2017·崇州市模拟)Yesterday our club held an English speech contest, which theme is “ Challenge Myself ”．which→whose ‎10．(2017·潍坊实验中学模拟)At 16, I left home to do parttime jobs, where made me understand “East or west, home is the best” better.where→which