【英语】2020届英语二轮复习600分冲刺优练：专题1阅读理解考点2　推理判断题巩固学案 4页

第一编　专题一　考点2‎ A ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅱ，B)‎ ‎“You can use me as a last resort (选择)，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.‎ I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule，or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings.I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up，“Alright.Yes，I'll do it.”‎ I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out emails，and collects money for end－of－season gifts. Somewhere along the way，the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.‎ Still，most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time，money，skills，or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.‎ In that sense，I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.However，if others benefit in the process，and I get some reward too，does it really matter where my motivation lies?‎ 文章大意：主题：人与社会(社会服务)；话题：志愿者。本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者自己参与并鼓励他人参与志愿工作的经历，论述了志愿工作的独特意义。‎ ‎1．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1？_C__‎ A．She knows little about the club.‎ B．She isn't good at sports.‎ C．She just doesn't want to volunteer.‎ D．She's unable to meet her schedule.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You can use me as a last resort，and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.”‎ 可知，这位家长要求把她当作最后的选择，如果没人愿意做，她再做。由此推知她不愿意参与志愿者活动。另外，第三段第二句中的the unwilling parent也印证了答案。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean？_B__‎ A．Encourage teamwork. B．Appeal to feelings.‎ C．Promote good deeds. D．Provide advice.‎ 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语前一句“She may just need a little persuading.”可知，这位家长可能需要一点点劝说。随后作者对这位家长进行了举例劝说：一位有四个孩子的单亲母亲在主持这次活动，一位孩子不在此队的父亲担任长曲棍球队的教练。这些例子都是为了吸引这位家长来做志愿工作，故答案为B。‎ ‎3．What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3？_D__‎ A．She gets interested in lacrosse.‎ B．She is proud of her kids.‎ C．She'll work for another season.‎ D．She becomes a good helper.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails，and collects money for end－of－season gifts.Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.”可知，这位不情愿的家长在参与了这项活动后，安排用餐时间、发送电子邮件、筹款买赛季末礼物，每件事都安排得很妥当。在这个过程中，她最终成为团队中非常宝贵的一员，这说明这位开始不情愿参加的家长最终成为团队里的一个好帮手。‎ ‎4．Why does the author like doing volunteer work？_B__‎ A．It gives her a sense of duty.‎ B．It makes her very happy.‎ C．It enables her to work hard.‎ D．It brings her material rewards.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的最后两句“...services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，作者之所以喜欢做志愿工作，是因为这使她很快乐。‎ B ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅲ，C)‎ Before the 1830s，most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America，usually $8 to $10 a year.Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money，but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.Accordingly，newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.They were dull and visually forbidding.But the revolution that was taking place ‎ in the 1830s would change all that.‎ The trend，then，was toward the“penny paper”—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.‎ This development did not take place overnight.It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830，but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy.Street sales were almost unknown.However，within a few years，street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities.At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older well－known papers charged five or six cents.But the phrase “penny paper”caught the public's fancy，and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.‎ This new trend of newspapers for“the man on the street”did not begin well.Some of the early ventures(企业) were immediate failures.Publishers already in business，people who were owners of successful papers，had little desire to change the tradition.It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.‎ 文章大意：主题：人与社会(历史)；话题：美国报纸的发展。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国报纸大众化的发展过程。‎ ‎5．Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s？_B__‎ A．Academic. B．Unattractive.‎ C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知当时的美国报纸既枯燥又在视觉上令人生畏，故选unattractive“不吸引人的”。academic学术的；inexpensive不贵的，便宜的；confidential机密的，受信任的。‎ ‎6．What did street sales mean to newspapers？_C__‎ A．They would be priced higher.‎ B．They would disappear from cities.‎ C．They could have more readers.‎ D．They could regain public trust.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知，报纸当时的变化趋势是越来越面向大众，变得更便宜，而且在街上就可以买到一份报纸，由此可推断报纸的街头销售意味着“报纸可以拥有更多的读者”，故选C项。‎ ‎7．Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at？_B__‎ A．Local politicians. B．Common people.‎ C．Young publishers. D．Rich businessmen.‎ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The trend，then，was toward the ‘penny ‎ paper’—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.”可知报纸发展的新趋势的目标读者是普通人，故选B项。‎ ‎8．What can we say about the birth of the penny paper？_A__‎ A．It was a difficult process.‎ B．It was a temporary success.‎ C．It was a robbery of the poor.‎ D．It was a disaster for printers.‎ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，报纸的大众化新趋势进展得并不容易，经过了早期一些企业的失败，然后通过一些年轻而勇敢的商人的努力才成功，故选A项。‎