2020年高三英语开学大串讲短文改错专题精讲 6页

短文改错专题精讲 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）（2018年全国卷I短文改错）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。‎ During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.‎ 短文改错------“反证法”训练（包括翻译）：逐句分析，先整句翻译，再以短语为单位进行分析，如：名词短语，动词短语，介词短语，固定搭配和非谓语等，证明这些用法没错，否则需要改错。‎ 文章主体时态：一般过去时 逐句分析：（适合巩固基础，待到熟能生巧时就不必逐句分析了。）‎ 第一句：During my last winter holiday是介词短语，译为“在我上次寒假期间”； with my father是介词短语，译为“和我的爸爸”；to visit my grandparents是不定式，译为“去看望我的祖父母”；而I went to countryside用过去时态没错，只是countryside译为“农村，乡下”，是可数名词，可文中没有考虑冠词，故应该补上定冠词the。‎ 第二句：I find a big change there.简单句，译为“在那儿我发现了一个很大的变化。”；a big change 属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”，文章主体时态是过去时，而find是原形，故find应该改为found，注意动词不规则变化！‎ 第三句：The first time I went there, 译为“第一次我到达那儿，”时态没错，The first time引导时间状语从句；主句they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. 译为 5‎ ‎“他们住在一间有狗、鸭子和其它动物的小房子。” were living是过去进行时，a small house属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”，dogs, ducks, and another animals三个可数名词都考虑复数，但another 译为“另一个”，根据语境应该是“其它的”，故find应该改为another 应该改为other。‎ 第四句： Last winter译为“去年冬天”，when I went here again, 译为“当我又去这儿” ，when引导时间状语从句，时态没错；搭配come here译为“来这儿”， go there译为“去那儿”，故将here改为there；主句they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken，译为“他们有一间大的单独的房子去养许多鸡”，谓语had时态没错，a big separate house属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”，to raise 是非谓语，dozen是“一打，十二个”，dozens of 是固搭，“许多”，后接可数名词复数，故chicken应该改为chickens。‎ 第五句：They also had a small pond which they raised fish.译为“他们也有一个养鱼的小池塘。” 主句谓语had时态没错，a small pond属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”，从句主谓宾完整，故不缺主语、宾语或表语，即缺状语，先行词pond表示地点，故which应该改为where，where在定语从句中作地点状语。‎ 注意：fish指鱼时为可数名词，单复数同形，如one fish, two fish；fishes可数的时候，表示各种各样的鱼；fish做鱼肉的时候不可数，泛指鱼也不可数，没有复数。‎ 第六句：My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 译为“我的爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了相当多。” 主句谓语said和宾语从句谓语earned时态都没错，quite是副词，“相当”；a lot of固搭，“许多”，后接可数或不可数名词，此句a lot后没有名词，故不用补上of，而by是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，故动词sell应该改为动名词“selling”。‎ 第七句：I felt happily that their life had improved. 译为“他们的生活已经改善了，我感到开心。”主句谓语felt和宾语从句谓语had时态都没错，但felt是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故副词happily应该改为形容词“happy”。‎ 第八句：At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. 译为“在我们此行的最后，我告诉我的爸爸，我计划每两年就回来，他同意了。” At the end of是固搭，“在……尽头，末尾”，主句谓语told和宾语从句谓语planned及并列句谓语agreed时态都没错，“每两年”前面不用介词for，根据语境，表转折的连词 “but”应该改为并列连词“and”。‎ ‎2018年全国I卷答案：‎ ‎1.countryside→ the countryside 2.find→found 3. another→other ‎4.here→there 5. chicken→chickens 6. which→where ‎ ‎7. sell→selling 8. happily→happy 9.去掉for 10. but→and 5‎ ‎（2018年全国卷Ⅱ短文改错）‎ When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night．After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room．As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me．They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain．Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes． I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school．The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life．‎ 文章主体时态：一般过去时 逐句分析：（适合巩固基础，待到熟能生巧时就不必逐句分析了。）‎ 第一句：When I was little, “当我小的时候”， Friday's改为Friday，考查名词作定语，星期五不用所有格，‎ 前后句时态没错，our family game night没错。‎ 第二句：After supper, “晚饭后”，we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room．would过去时态一 致，情态动词后面接play原形，没错，card games可数名词复数，没错； 由all“所有的”可知，sort应用 复数形式，all sorts意为“各种各样”；in the sitting room介宾搭配没错。‎ 第三句：As the kid, 此处表示“作为一个孩子”，kid表泛指，且kid的发音以辅音音素开头，故the改为a，‎ 考查冠词。 I loved to watch cartoons, “我爱看卡通”，时态，搭配，名词复数都没错；but no matter how many ‎ times I asked to watching them, “但是不管多少次我要求去看（卡通）” ，此处连词but没错，表多少次时 how many times可数，没错；asked时态没错；watching改为watch。考查非谓语动词，ask to do sth．表示 ‎“要求做某事”，为固定用法；宾语them指代上句的可数名词cartoons，没错；后半句my parents would not ‎ to let me中my parents没错，would时态与全文一致，would是情态动词，需接动词原形，故应删除to。‎ 5‎ 第四句：They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain．They 指代父母，would时态与全 文一致，此处表示“他们会对我(me)说”，上文提及的是“我”，还有后半句的help my brain可知，指代错 误，故应将宾语us改为me。‎ 第五句：Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes．I是主语，此句缺谓，be unwilling to do sth.是 固搭，表示“不愿意做某事”。结合语境和时态可知，应用一般过去时，故在I后加was。表示“和某人玩……”‎ 的固搭是play…with sb．，故将for改为with，此处考查介词搭配。‎ 第六句：I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school．该句中didn’t , are, entered三者时 态不一致，故将are改为were。‎ 第七句：The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life．该句的 名词单复数，动词时态及短语等表达均无错误，插入省略宾语的定从my parents taught me和插入when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”；主句是The games turned out to be very useful later in my life．‎ 5‎ 短文改错 答案比较 ‎ 试题名称 修改错词（8道）；增加∧和删除﹨（2道）‎ 满分10每个 ‎1‎ 分 动词 名词 形容词 副词 代词 冠词 介词 并列连词 从属连词 定语 从句 状语从句 名词性从句 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 ‎18‎ I卷 正确答案 ‎∧‎the ‎ ‎ ‎10分 个人答案 错题启示：‎ ‎ every two years，惯用语every two years意为“每隔两年”，其前不用介词。‎ ‎18‎ Ⅱ卷 正确答案 ‎∧‎was ‎10‎ 分 个人答案 错题启示：‎ ‎ 考查名词作定语。“星期五晚上”译为Friday night。‎ 填写下表：突破弱点！ 知己知彼，百战不殆！‎ ★ 整理错题，及时复习短文改错盲区，多问同学或老师，查缺补漏，认真完成错题训练，并写错题启示。‎ ★ 错题类型分析：做短文改错时要注意“前后兼顾”，先易后难，明确考点，逐一完成，仔细检查。（该题答案做对的打“√”，做错的写上自己的答案。）正确答案用红笔，个人答案用黑色笔，方便比较。‎ 总结错题启示及措施：‎ 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