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  • 2021-05-18 发布

2020年高三英语开学大串讲短文改错专题精讲

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短文改错专题精讲 短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)(2018年全国卷I短文改错)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第l1处起)不计分。‎ During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.‎ 短文改错------“反证法”训练(包括翻译):逐句分析,先整句翻译,再以短语为单位进行分析,如:名词短语,动词短语,介词短语,固定搭配和非谓语等,证明这些用法没错,否则需要改错。‎ 文章主体时态:一般过去时 逐句分析:(适合巩固基础,待到熟能生巧时就不必逐句分析了。)‎ 第一句:During my last winter holiday是介词短语,译为“在我上次寒假期间”; with my father是介词短语,译为“和我的爸爸”;to visit my grandparents是不定式,译为“去看望我的祖父母”;而I went to countryside用过去时态没错,只是countryside译为“农村,乡下”,是可数名词,可文中没有考虑冠词,故应该补上定冠词the。‎ 第二句:I find a big change there.简单句,译为“在那儿我发现了一个很大的变化。”;a big change 属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”,文章主体时态是过去时,而find是原形,故find应该改为found,注意动词不规则变化!‎ 第三句:The first time I went there, 译为“第一次我到达那儿,”时态没错,The first time引导时间状语从句;主句they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. 译为 5‎ ‎“他们住在一间有狗、鸭子和其它动物的小房子。” were living是过去进行时,a small house属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”,dogs, ducks, and another animals三个可数名词都考虑复数,但another 译为“另一个”,根据语境应该是“其它的”,故find应该改为another 应该改为other。‎ 第四句: Last winter译为“去年冬天”,when I went here again, 译为“当我又去这儿” ,when引导时间状语从句,时态没错;搭配come here译为“来这儿”, go there译为“去那儿”,故将here改为there;主句they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken,译为“他们有一间大的单独的房子去养许多鸡”,谓语had时态没错,a big separate house属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”,to raise 是非谓语,dozen是“一打,十二个”,dozens of 是固搭,“许多”,后接可数名词复数,故chicken应该改为chickens。‎ 第五句:They also had a small pond which they raised fish.译为“他们也有一个养鱼的小池塘。” 主句谓语had时态没错,a small pond属于“冠词﹢形容词﹢名词”,从句主谓宾完整,故不缺主语、宾语或表语,即缺状语,先行词pond表示地点,故which应该改为where,where在定语从句中作地点状语。‎ 注意:fish指鱼时为可数名词,单复数同形,如one fish, two fish;fishes可数的时候,表示各种各样的鱼;fish做鱼肉的时候不可数,泛指鱼也不可数,没有复数。‎ 第六句:My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 译为“我的爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了相当多。” 主句谓语said和宾语从句谓语earned时态都没错,quite是副词,“相当”;a lot of固搭,“许多”,后接可数或不可数名词,此句a lot后没有名词,故不用补上of,而by是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词,故动词sell应该改为动名词“selling”。‎ 第七句:I felt happily that their life had improved. 译为“他们的生活已经改善了,我感到开心。”主句谓语felt和宾语从句谓语had时态都没错,但felt是系动词,后接形容词作表语,故副词happily应该改为形容词“happy”。‎ 第八句:At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. 译为“在我们此行的最后,我告诉我的爸爸,我计划每两年就回来,他同意了。” At the end of是固搭,“在……尽头,末尾”,主句谓语told和宾语从句谓语planned及并列句谓语agreed时态都没错,“每两年”前面不用介词for,根据语境,表转折的连词 “but”应该改为并列连词“and”。‎ ‎2018年全国I卷答案:‎ ‎1.countryside→ the countryside 2.find→found 3. another→other ‎4.here→there 5. chicken→chickens 6. which→where ‎ ‎7. sell→selling 8. happily→happy 9.去掉for 10. but→and 5‎ ‎(2018年全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)‎ When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night.After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me.They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ 文章主体时态:一般过去时 逐句分析:(适合巩固基础,待到熟能生巧时就不必逐句分析了。)‎ 第一句:When I was little, “当我小的时候”, Friday's改为Friday,考查名词作定语,星期五不用所有格,‎ 前后句时态没错,our family game night没错。‎ 第二句:After supper, “晚饭后”,we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.would过去时态一 致,情态动词后面接play原形,没错,card games可数名词复数,没错; 由all“所有的”可知,sort应用 复数形式,all sorts意为“各种各样”;in the sitting room介宾搭配没错。‎ 第三句:As the kid, 此处表示“作为一个孩子”,kid表泛指,且kid的发音以辅音音素开头,故the改为a,‎ 考查冠词。 I loved to watch cartoons, “我爱看卡通”,时态,搭配,名词复数都没错;but no matter how many ‎ times I asked to watching them, “但是不管多少次我要求去看(卡通)” ,此处连词but没错,表多少次时 how many times可数,没错;asked时态没错;watching改为watch。考查非谓语动词,ask to do sth.表示 ‎“要求做某事”,为固定用法;宾语them指代上句的可数名词cartoons,没错;后半句my parents would not ‎ to let me中my parents没错,would时态与全文一致,would是情态动词,需接动词原形,故应删除to。‎ 5‎ 第四句:They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.They 指代父母,would时态与全 文一致,此处表示“他们会对我(me)说”,上文提及的是“我”,还有后半句的help my brain可知,指代错 误,故应将宾语us改为me。‎ 第五句:Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.I是主语,此句缺谓,be unwilling to do sth.是 固搭,表示“不愿意做某事”。结合语境和时态可知,应用一般过去时,故在I后加was。表示“和某人玩……”‎ 的固搭是play…with sb.,故将for改为with,此处考查介词搭配。‎ 第六句:I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.该句中didn’t , are, entered三者时 态不一致,故将are改为were。‎ 第七句:The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.该句的 名词单复数,动词时态及短语等表达均无错误,插入省略宾语的定从my parents taught me和插入when引导的时间状语从句,表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”;主句是The games turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ 5‎ 短文改错 答案比较 ‎ 试题名称 修改错词(8道);增加∧和删除﹨(2道)‎ 满分10每个 ‎1‎ 分 动词 名词 形容词 副词 代词 冠词 介词 并列连词 从属连词 定语 从句 状语从句 名词性从句 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 ‎18‎ I卷 正确答案 ‎∧‎the ‎ ‎ ‎10分 个人答案 错题启示:‎ ‎ every two years,惯用语every two years意为“每隔两年”,其前不用介词。‎ ‎18‎ Ⅱ卷 正确答案 ‎∧‎was ‎10‎ 分 个人答案 错题启示:‎ ‎ 考查名词作定语。“星期五晚上”译为Friday night。‎ 填写下表:突破弱点! 知己知彼,百战不殆!‎ ★ 整理错题,及时复习短文改错盲区,多问同学或老师,查缺补漏,认真完成错题训练,并写错题启示。‎ ★ 错题类型分析:做短文改错时要注意“前后兼顾”,先易后难,明确考点,逐一完成,仔细检查。(该题答案做对的打“√”,做错的写上自己的答案。)正确答案用红笔,个人答案用黑色笔,方便比较。‎ 总结错题启示及措施:‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 5‎ 5‎

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