英语卷·2019届湖南省岳阳县一中高二上学期基础知识竞赛（2017-12） 13页

湖南省岳阳县第一中学2017-2018学年高二上学期基础知识竞赛 英语试题 命题：岳阳县一中高二英语备课组 时量：90分钟 总分：100分 注意事项：‎ 1． 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷选择题和第Ⅱ卷非选择题两部分。‎ 2． 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。‎ 第I卷 第一部分 阅读理解 （共20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B 、C 和 D )中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Different countries have different customs. When you travel to other countries，please follow their customs，just as the saying goes，“ .”‎ ‎ Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip. It is usual to tip porters who help carry your bags，taxi drivers and waiters. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount.‎ ‎ In England，make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s a favorite subject of conversation with the British.‎ ‎ In Spain，it’s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late，and restaurants do not generally open until after 9 pm.‎ ‎ In Arab countries，men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same.‎ ‎ In Japan，people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card，don’t put it into your pocket right away. The person expects you to read it.‎ ‎ Don’t forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversation. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another.‎ ‎1. When you travel to the USA，you don’t need to tip .‎ ‎ A. porters B. teachers C. waiters D. taxi drivers ‎2. The missing sentence in the first paragraph should be“ .”‎ A. Love me，love my dog.‎ ‎ B. He who laughs last laughs best.‎ C. Where there is a will，there is a way.‎ D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.‎ ‎3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?‎ A. In Spain, People usually have dinner very early.‎ ‎ B. In England, it’s not polite to talk about the weather.‎ ‎ C. In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the cheek. ‎ D. In Japan, you should not read the business card as soon as you get it.‎ ‎4. What’s the best title of the passage？‎ A. Advice to International Travelers B. Body Language C. When to Have Dinner D. How to Tip B Rugby players have a reputation of being big, strong and rude on the field. But Takamasa Hoshiyama, 17, says the reality of rugby is very different from what it looks like.‎ ‎“Whatever your size or speed, anyone can play rugby,” says the Island School student, who also plays on the U19 Hong Kong rugby team.‎ Taka has been playing rugby since he was just four years old, following in the footsteps of his father. “My dad played rugby and he was keen for me to play,” says Taka. A lot has happened to Taka since his first game with his father. In the 2014 New Year’s Day game against the Overseas Barbarians, he was named Man of the Match, and has taken the role of captain in his club team. ‎ And of course, he’s grown throughout his years of playing rugby — in more ways then one. “When I started playing, I was scrum-half, usually the smallest guy on the field,” says Taka. “But ‎ as I grew, I changed position. Now I am a front row prop — one of the big guys that holds the scrum together.”‎ ‎“Rugby has done a lot for me,” he says. “It has really made me focused, and that is thanks to my coaches as well as my teammates who brought me to where I am now.”‎ Taka says that being part of a team and experiencing that growth together is one of the best parts of the sport. “Rugby creates a unity within the team and helps develop a mutual respect between other teams and players,” he explains. “Training is hard and matches are physically demanding, but it is a team sport and you have to do your job for the team.”‎ Now Taka wants to help others experience the same growth he has. In his free time, he coaches younger rugby teams. He says it is especially rewarding to find “unusual strengths and capabilities within players and encourage them to work on those.”‎ ‎5. What does Taka think of Rugby?‎ A. It requires fast speed. B. It’s too competitive for kids.‎ C. It’s a game full of violence. D. It has a role for everyone.‎ ‎6. What has happened to Taka since he started playing rugby?‎ ‎ A. He has realized what his father never could.‎ ‎ B. He has played for the Overseas Barbarians for three years.‎ ‎ C. He has built up both his physical and mental strength.‎ ‎ D. He has taken the role of captain in the Hong Kong rugby team.‎ ‎7. According to Taka, what serves the most important role in playing rugby?‎ ‎ A. Building a strong team spirit. B. Owning some unusual strengths.‎ ‎ C. Having a high level of physical fitness. D. Having a fun-loving attitude.‎ ‎8. What’s Taka hoping to do now?‎ ‎ A. To coach national rugby teams. B. To encourage more people to enjoy rugby. ‎ C. To get the leading role in his club team. D. To become a professional rugby player.‎ C The young boy saw me, or rather, he saw the car and quickly ran up to me, eager to sell his bunches of bananas and bags of peanuts. Though he appeared to be about twelve, he seemed to have already known the bitterness of life. “Bananas 300 naira. Peanuts 200 naira.” He said in a ‎ low voice. I bargained him down to 200 for the fruit and nuts. When he agreed, I handed him a 500 naira bill. He didn’t have change. So I told him not to worry. He said thanks and smiled a row of perfect teeth. ‎ When, two weeks later, I saw the boy again, I was more aware of my position in a society where it’s not that uncommon to see a little boy who should be in school standing on the corner selling fruit in the burning sun. My parents had raised me to be aware of the advantage we had been afforded and the responsibility it brought to us.‎ I pulled over and rolled down my window. He had a bunch of bananas and a bag of peanuts ready. I waved them away. “What’s up?” I asked him.“I…I don’t have money to buy books for school.” I reached into my pocket and handed him two fresh 500 naira bills. “Will this help?” I asked. He looked around nervously before taking the money. One thousand naira was a lot of money to someone whose family probably made about 5,000 naira or less each year. “Thank you, sir.” he said. “Thank you very much!”‎ When driving home, I wondered if my little friend actually used the money for schoolbooks. What if he’s a cheat? And then I wondered why I did it. Did I do it to make myself feel better? Was I using him? I didn’t know his name or the least bit about him, nor did I think to ask.‎ Over the next six months, I was busy working in a news agency in northern Nigeria. Sometime after I returned, I went out for a drive. When I was about to pull over, the boy suddenly appeared by my window with a big smile ready on his face.‎ ‎“Oh, gosh! Long time.”‎ ‎“Are you in school now?” I asked.‎ He nodded.‎ ‎“That’s good,” I said. A silence fell as we looked at each other, and then I realized what he wanted. “Here,” I held out a 500 naira bill. “Take this.” He shook his head and stepped back as if hurt. “What’s wrong?” I asked. “It’s a gift.”‎ He shook his head again and brought his hand from behind his back. His face shone with sweat. He dropped a bunch of bananas and a bag of peanuts in the front seat before he said, “I’ve been waiting to give these to you .”‎ ‎9. What was the author’s first impression of the boy?‎ A. He seemed to be poor and greedy. B. He seemed younger than his age.‎ C. He seemed to have suffered a lot. D. He seemed good at bargaining.‎ ‎10. The second time the author met the boy, the boy______________.‎ A. wanted to express his thanks B. told him his purpose of selling fruit and nuts C. asked him for money for his schoolbooks D. tried to take advantage of him ‎11. Why did the author give his money to the boy?‎ A. Because he had learnt to help others since childhood.‎ B. Because he had enough money to do that.‎ C. Because he held a higher position in the society.‎ D. Because he had been asked by the news agency to do so.‎ ‎12. Which of the following best describes the boy?‎ A. Brave and polite. B. Kind and smart.‎ C. Shy and nervous D. Honest and thankful.‎ D Most preschoolers struggle to go to school on their own, let alone walk 5 miles (8 kilometers) of snowfield packed with wolves in subzero temperature in Siberia.‎ ‎ However, a four-year-old girl named Saglana Salchak in Russia’s Tuva Republic did just that last month to fetch help for her grandmother. Her heroic move touched souls around the world, but also raised concern about proper parental care and poor local facilities.‎ ‎ Her journey began when she was asked by her grandfather to get help when she found her 60-year-old grandmother was not moving at all. Her grandfather, who is blind, did not realize it was 5 a.m and completely dark.‎ ‎ The only thing the girl had was matches, which she took in case she needed to light a fire, and followed the tracks of a horse sled, partly on a frozen river, which she knew led to the neighbor’s home 8 kilometers away.‎ ‎ “It was very cold and I was so hungry,” she later said. “But I wasn’t scared. I just kept walking, ‎ walking, walking. And I finally got there.”‎ ‎ The medical personnel later discovered that the grandmother had died of a heart attack.‎ ‎ The girl’s story soon spread quickly and won hearts of many. “This four-year-old is amazing. My kids won’t even walk to the neighbor’s house next door,” said a parent on freerangekids.com. “Hats off to the bravest girl in Siberia!” tweeted Scot Uehlinger.‎ ‎ The Tuvans live in southern Siberia. As historically cattle-herding nomads (游牧部落), the Tuvan children are better prepared for emergencies than those living in the cities. ‎ ‎ They ride horses at a very young age, and can walk farther than normal people. Despite this, local people still worried about her when recalling the scene. “The Tuvan countryside has simply filled up with wolves,” said Semyon Rubtsov, head of the regional search and rescue group to the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper.‎ ‎ Saglana’s mother Eleonora Salchak and stepfather live in another part of the area, and the Tuva Investigative Committee has filed a criminal case against the mother for leaving a child in danger, reported the Guardian. If charged, the mother could face up to a year in prison. ‎ ‎13. Saglana walked 5 miles of snowfield to _____________.‎ A. see a doctor B. visit her mother ‎ C. follow the tracks of a horse sled D. get help for her sick grandma ‎14. In Paragraph 5, the underlined word “there” refers to ________.‎ ‎ A. the nearby hospital B. her neighbor’s home ‎ C. her mother’s home D. the frozen river ‎15. In the end , Saglana’s mother might ____________.‎ ‎ A. be punished for endangering Saglana B. live with Saglana’s grandparents ‎ C. prepare Saglana better for emergency D. move to Saglana’s area ‎ ‎16. Hearing Saglana’s story, the world felt ____________.‎ ‎ A. proud but sympathetic B. scared but inspired ‎ ‎ C. moved but concerned D. surprised but regretful ‎ ‎ E Your next car might drive itself. After years of trials（试验） on city streets, driverless vehicles are now nearing the live phase. Last moth, a driverless bus began carrying passengers ‎ through Lyon, France. Most in the automobile industry think self-driving vehicles will be on the road by 2020 or before.‎ Driverless cars will at first be huddled with human-driven cars. But the first places where they will become dominant（统治的）are dense urban areas — precisely the spots most damaged by the automobile age. Many advanced cities are already reducing the role of cars. Driverless cars will quicken that process and will bring us enormous benefits.‎ Driverless cars will reduce accidents by around 90 percent. That’s big—the annual death toll on the world’s roads is about 1.2 million a year. Pollution and carbon emissions will drop, because urban driverless cars will be electric. The old, otherwise they would stay at home most of the time and the disabled and teenagers will suddenly gain mobility.‎ On the other hand, driverless cars will bring catastrophe. The best thing about the automobile age was that it employed tens of millions of people to make, market, insure and drive vehicles. Over the next 20 years, the mostly low-skilled men who now drive trucks, taxis and buses will see their jobs reduced. Carmakers are especially scared. The few cars of the future might be made by tech companies such as Apple, Baidu and Google. Imagine the impact on Germany, where the automotive sector is the largest industry.‎ Dramatic change is coming, and driverless cars could arrive by 2020. But governments have barely begun thinking about it. Only 6 percent of the biggest US cities have factored（计入） them into their long-term planning.‎ A decade ago anyone hardly saw the Smartphone coming. It has bought an epidemic（流行） of mass addiction. Let’s hope we do a better job of handling the driverless car.‎ ‎17. The underlined words “be huddled with” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “ “.‎ A. show up B. exist together C. get rid of D. take the place of ‎18. Why can driverless cars reduce pollution and carbon emissions?‎ A. Driverless cars will be powered by electricity.‎ B. Driverless cars reduce the number of cars.‎ C. Driverless cars save fuel by driving themselves.‎ D. Driverless cars will reduce too many accidents.‎ ‎19. What’s the author’s attitude toward driverless cars?‎ A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Worried.‎ ‎20. What can we know about driverless cars?‎ A. They will not hit the road until 2020. B. They will only be used in urban areas.‎ C. They will not cause any road accident. D. They aren’t still seriously taken by leaders.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节, 满分35分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Every Friday, I go to Cantata Adult Life Service, a local retirement community, with my classmates to do community service.‎ Our visits last about an hour, playing games and cards with the people 21 we are there.‎ You can watch all the movies and TV shows you want about “life back then”, but nothing 22 with talking to the people who were actually there. Just hearing their stories has 23 me in a way I never thought possible.‎ Whether it was talking to 98-year-old “Hurricane Hilda” about her glory days 24 a roller skater or chatting with Lou about the times she danced with a famous actor, I was completely impressed by every single 25 the people wanted to share with me.‎ Even the people who don’t have 26 memories make the experience colorful. I remember visiting Mrs. Robinson. She couldn’t 27 much about her past, but she told me she’d 28 forget how kind I was just to listen to her. It made me realize that it is the 29 things that make life worth living. That is something I won’t 30 anytime. ‎ If there is one thing I have realized in my three years of visiting Cantata, it is 31 — just being there — that means more than anything to many of the people. And despite how 32 our lives are, there is always time to make them happy.‎ For me , it feels great to be a 33 of happiness, a smile on a bad day or a(n) 34 for old memories. And at the end of the day, that is all that 35 .‎ It’s easy to feel like you don’t have much in common with the 36 — especially when you are a (n) 37 .But that is not true at all.‎ I hate to make much comment here, but age really is just a (n) 38 . As young adults, it is important for us to realize this sooner 39 later. We can learn a lot from the elderly, and they ‎ can often 40 from teenagers, too.‎ ‎21. A. until B. unless C. before D. while ‎ ‎22. A. complete B. compares C. combines D. connects ‎23. A. reached B. touched C. pretended D. understood ‎24. A . as B. like C. about D. towards ‎ ‎25. A. imagination B. truth C. memory D. picture ‎26. A. boring B. depressing C. tiring D. amazing ‎ ‎27. A. concern B. take C. mention D. recall ‎ ‎28. A. ever B. always C. never D. even ‎29. A. little B. important C. major D. sweet ‎30. A. skip B. forget C. believe D. care ‎ ‎31. A. apology B. presence C. understanding D. protection ‎32. A messy B. happy C. busy D. easy ‎33. A. risk B. chance C. cause D. source ‎ ‎34. A. ear B. mind C. tongue D. heart ‎35. A. exists B. favors C. matters D. differs ‎ ‎36. A. friendly B. lively C. elderly D. lonely ‎37. A. teenager B. adult C. people D. child ‎ ‎38. A. amount B. difference C. advantage D. number ‎39. A. rather than B. or else C. other than D. except for ‎40. A. differ B. benefit C. judge D. hear ‎ ‎ 第II卷 第二部分 英语知识运用 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分）‎ 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。‎ Today I went to the student center and interviewed two students, one from Brunei called Waled and 41.________ other from the UK named Peter. We 42._________(talk) a lot about some cultural differences between different countries.‎ In the west, 43.__________ is rude not to open a present when someone gives you one. Another cultural difference is about weddings in different countries. In Korea, people have a live hen and a rooster as a part of the wedding ceremony, 44.__________ in Brunei, men and women have to sit in separate areas at wedding 45.____________(ceremony). However, 46.____________ is really interesting is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers 47.____________ (share) the same language. For example, the British celebrate Bonfire Night but Americans aren’t familiar 48.___________ it.‎ After the interview, I understand a lot 49.____________(much) about different cultures and what is appropriate behavior. After all, 50.___________(learn) about cultural difference is a good way to promote understanding each other. ‎ ‎ ‎ 第三节 词性转换（共5小题；每小题1分, 满分5分）‎ ‎51. Some children in the remote _________________(mountain) areas are still living a hard life.‎ ‎52. The restaurant offers a wide _____________(various) of dishes.‎ ‎53. Sang Lan felt ____________(thank) to be alive and lucky to have the rest of her life to learn new things.‎ ‎54. In China, the Spring Festival is the biggest ________________(celebrate) of the year.‎ ‎55. I wish you would give me a better ________________(describe) of the job.‎ ‎ ‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分25分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I am a nurse working for Doctors without Borders, a international organization that provide free medical services around the world. Yesterday my colleagues on the medical team and I ‎ arrive at the island only to find everything on chaos. There is mud and water everywhere, make it difficult to travel from place to place. What’s worse, the hospital is bad damaged and in a mess, that can’t be used at the moment. We are going to set off a temporary clinic there. Medical supplies are now on their way from the abroad. It is hoped the people injured in the disaster can be treated in time.‎ ‎ ‎ 笫二节 书面表达（满分15分）‎ 最近你班就“对你来说，什么是快乐？”（What is happiness to you?）这个问题进行了调查和讨论，你班同学对这个问题发表了不同的看法。请你根据下列提示完成作文。‎ 观点一：快乐是 ‎ ‎1. 快乐是有家人和朋友的陪伴，生活无忧无虑； ‎ ‎2. 快乐是没有身体上的疼痛和生理上的残疾；‎ ‎3. ……‎ 观点二：快乐是 ‎ ‎1. 快乐的秘诀是保持乐观积极的心态，每天精神饱满；‎ ‎2. 快乐是对已完成的事情感到骄傲，对未来充满信心； ‎ ‎3. ……‎ 你的观点：1至2点。‎ 注意：1. 文章的起始句已经给出。 2. 词数100左右（不包括起始句）。‎ ‎ 3. 文中不得出现真实班名与学生姓名。‎ What is happiness to you?‎ A survey on what happiness is has been carried out recently. My classmates give their different opinions._____________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 英语试题答案 ‎1-4 BDCA 5-8 DCAB 9-12 CBAD 13-16 DBAC 17-20 BACD ‎ ‎21-25 DBBAC 26-30 DDCAB 31-35 BCDAC 36-40 CADAB ‎41.the 42. talked 43. it 44. while 45. ceremonies ‎ ‎46. what 47. sharing 48. with 49. more 50. learning ‎51. mountainous 52. variety 53. thankful 54. celebration 55. description 短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）‎ ‎1. a—an international 2. provide—provides 3. arrive—arrived ‎ ‎4. on—in chaos 5. make—making 6. bad—badly 7. that—which ‎ ‎8. off—up 9. abroad 前the去掉 10. hoped后加that 笫二节 书面表达（满分15分）（参考范文略）‎ 最近你班就“对你来说，什么是快乐？”（What is happiness to you?）这个问题进行了调查和讨论，你班同学对这个问题发表了不同的看法。请你根据下列提示完成作文。‎ 观点一：快乐是 ‎ ‎1. 快乐是有家人和朋友的陪伴，生活无忧无虑； ‎ ‎2. 快乐是没有身体上的疼痛和生理上的残疾；‎ ‎3. ……‎ 观点二：快乐是 ‎ ‎1. 快乐的秘诀是保持乐观积极的心态，每天精神饱满；‎ ‎2. 快乐是对已完成的事情感到骄傲，对未来充满信心； ‎ ‎3. ……‎ 你的观点：1至2点。‎ 注意：1. 文章的起始句已经给出。 2. 词数100左右（不包括起始句）。‎ ‎ 3. 文中不得出现真实班名与学生姓名。‎ What is happiness to you?‎ A survey on what happiness is has been carried out recently. My classmates give ‎ their different opinions._________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________‎