必修4-3+A+taste+of+English+humour（讲）-2018年高考英语一轮复习讲练测 13页

必修4.3+A+taste+of+English+humour（讲）‎ 单元知识预览 项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）‎ 重点单词 ‎1．humour n．幽默；滑稽→humourous adj.幽默的 2．content adj.满足的；满意的 n．满足 vt.使满足 3．perform v．执行；表演→performer n．表演者；演出者→performance n．执行；演出 ‎4．astonish vt.使惊诧→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶 5．fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortune n．运气，财富→fortunately adv.幸运地 6．ordinary adj.平常的；普通的 7．entertain vt. vi.使欢乐；款待→entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的→entertainment n．娱乐 8．throughout prep.遍及，贯穿 adv.到处；始终；全部 9．overcome vt. vi.战胜；克服 ‎10．convince vt.使信服→convinced adj.坚信不移的→convincing adj.令人信服的 11．direct vt. vi. adj.导演；指示；指挥；直的；直接的；直率的→direction n．指导→director n．导演→directly adv. conj.直接地，径直地；一……就…… 12．outstanding adj.突出的；杰出的；显著的 13．gesture n．姿态；手势 vi.做手势 14．particular adj. n．特殊的，特别的；细节；细目→particularly adv.特别地，挑剔地 15．occasion n．时刻；场合 ‎16．slide vt. vi.(使)滑动；(使)滑行 n．滑；滑动；幻灯片 17．whisper n．耳语；低语 vt. vi.低语；小声说 18．react vi.作出反应；回应→reaction n．反应；回应 重点短语 ‎1．up to now直到现在 2．feel/be content with 对……满足 3．badly off 穷的；缺少的 4．pick out 挑出；辨别出 ‎ ‎5．cut off 切断；断绝 6．star in 主演；担任主角 7．break into 破门而入 ‎8．worse off 境况更差，更糟糕 9．through out the world 全世界 10．in search of 寻找 11．burst into 突然发出 12．bring out 产生；引起 13．in the open air 在户外，在野外 14．keep to 坚持；固守 经典句型 ‎（高考书面表达必备）‎ ‎1．As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.维克多·雨果曾经说过，“笑容如阳光，驱走人们脸上的冬天”。关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。‎ ‎2．Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. 查理首先吃起鞋带，好像它们是意大利面条一样。 3．“Well, it certainly will be this morning，” the man said, “because I happen to be flying it！”“哦！那今天上午肯定要晚点了，”那人说，“因为碰巧我要驾驶那班飞机！”‎ ‎4．The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn out shoes and a small round black hat. 这个流浪汉，一个留着小胡子的穷苦的无家可归的人，穿着大裤子、破鞋子，头顶着黑色的小圆帽。‎ 必备语法（高级句型）‎ 情态动词和虚拟语气（1）‎ 晨读范文背诵 背诵这篇范文 ‎【安徽师范大学附属中学2017届高三上学期期中】书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，你校即将举行国际中学生科学论坛活动，你想报名做一名志愿者。请用英文写一封邮件申请参加。主要内容包括：‎ 1. 写信目的 2. 自我介绍 3. 希望获准 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数：100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ 3. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Sir or Madam,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ With all my best regards. ‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】I am good at English. In addition, in the past three years I have taken part in many social activities in which I performed well and gained rich experience. Furthermore, my interest and skill in communication and teamwork contribute to my application for the job.‎ I would appreciate an interview at your convenience. I'm looking forward to hearing from you in the future.‎ With all my best regards.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua 语言知识精析 重点单词精讲 考点1．content adj.满足的，满意的 n．内容；目录；容量；满意；满足 vt.使满足 ‎【教材原句】I am content with my job，my home，and my family.我对我的工作，住所和家庭都非常满意。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live in the country.那位富人厌倦了城市生活，于是他愿意生活在乡下。‎ ‎（2）We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ be content with＝be satisfied with 对……感到满足/满意 be content to do sth.＝be willing to do sth.愿意做某事 content sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己对……满意 in content and form 在内容和形式上 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)Are you ____________ your present salary？你对现在的薪水满意吗？ (2)My parents ________________________ in the country.我父母甘愿住在乡下。 (3)Simple praise is enough to ____________.一点点表扬就足以使他满足。 (4)Show me __________________ your suitcase.给我看看你手提箱里的东西。‎ ‎【答案】(1)content with(2)are well content to live(3)content him(4)the contents of 考点2．astonish vt. 使吃惊；使惊讶 ‎【教材原句】You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚会说话时大人就教他唱歌，刚会走路时大人就教他跳舞。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) It astonishes me that he could be so thoughtless.我真没有料到他会如此轻率。‎ ‎(2) Instead，he was astonished to_discover the opposite.然而，他很吃惊地发现正相反。‎ ‎(3) To our great astonishment，the boss wasn't astonished at the astonishing news at all.‎ 使我们非常吃惊的是，老板对这个令人吃惊的消息一点也不吃惊。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ astonishing adj. 令人十分惊异的 astonished adj. 感到十分惊讶的 astonishment n. 惊讶 to one‘s astonishment 使某人万分惊讶的是 in astonishment 惊讶地 be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃惊 be astonished to do sth. 因干某事而吃惊 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)We __________________ the news of her sudden death. 她突然去世的消息使我们震惊。 (2)It ____________ us to hear that you did not receive our letter. 听说你还没收到我们的信，这使我们十分惊讶。 (3)It was an ____________ story.这故事令人惊讶不已。‎ ‎【答案】(1)were astonished at(2)astonished(3)astonishing 考点3．convince vt.使信服，使确信 ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) We were able to convince the students of the need for wider reading.我们能让学生们认识到广泛阅读的必要性。 (2) I am convinced that sooner or later we will succeed.我确信我们迟早会成功的。‎ ‎(3)His convincing words finally convinced me，and I was convinced that he was innocent.他令人信服的话最终说服了我，我相信他是无辜的。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的 ‎ convinced adj.确信的；深信的；坚信的 convince sb. of sth. 说服某人相信某事 convince sb. that... 使某人信服(相信) be convinced of... 确信…… be/feel firmly convinced that... 确信；笃信；坚信……‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)We finally ____________ them ______ our adventure. ＝We finally ___________ them ____________ our adventure. 我们最终令他们信服了我们的冒险经历。 (2)Her smile ___________ him ______ she was happy. 她的微笑使他确信她快乐。 (3)They __________________ the result of the experiment finally.他们最终相信了实验结果。 (4)I __________________ his guilt.我确信他有罪。‎ ‎(5)There is now ____________ evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。 ‎ 考点4．direct vt. vi.导演；指示；指挥 adj.直的；直接的；直率的 ‎【教材原句】Charlie Chaplin wrote，directed and produced the films he starred in.‎ 查理·卓别林自编、自导、自制他主演的电影。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) Could you direct me to Trafalgar square，please?你能告诉我去特拉法尔加广场怎么走吗？‎ ‎(2) His boss directed_him_to_cancel the meeting.他的老板指示他取消这次会议。‎ ‎(3) At the sound of the gun，the birds flew in_all_directions．听到枪声，鸟儿四处飞去。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ direct sth. to/towards sth./sb. direct sth. at/against sth./sb.把……对准 (某方向或某人) direct sb. to sp. 给某人指路，为某人领路 direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事 that 从句(用虚拟语气) the direct road/train 直通道路/直达列车 be in direct contact with sb. 与某人有直接的联系 go direct to sp. 直接去某地 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)She prefers to ______ rather than ______. 她宁愿当演员，不愿当导演。 (2)The police officers had __________________ search the building. 警察奉命搜查这栋大楼。 (3)The judge _________ that the mother be given custody of the child. 法官判决这孩子由母亲照管。 【答案】(1)act direct(2)been directed to(3)directed 考点5．occasion n．时刻；场合 ‎【教材原句】On one occasion in a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare.‎ 在一个饭店场景里，他订了一份鞑靼牛排。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) I have on occasion visited her at home.有时我登门拜访她。 (2) Occasionally，Alice would look up from her books.艾丽丝偶尔从书本中抬起头来。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ ‎(1)on occasion(s)偶尔；有时；偶然 on the occasion of在……的时候 have (no) occasion to do有(没)理由做……‎ ‎(2)occasionally adv.偶尔 ‎【温馨提示】　occasion，point，situation，state，position，state等词后跟定语从句并在定语从句中作状语时，occasion后常用when引导，而其他几个词常用where引导定语从句。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ 填入正确的关系词 ‎(1) Describe an occasion _______ you had to give a presentation to an audience. (2) Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.‎ ‎【答案】(1)when (2when 考点6．entertain vt.款待，招待；使快乐 ‎【教材原句】No one was ever bored watching him -his subtle acting made everything entertaining. 看他的表演没有人会感到无聊——他巧妙的表演使得一切都那么滑稽可笑。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) He entertained us with stories curious and weird.他用稀奇古怪的故事逗我们笑。‎ ‎(2) I'll entertain the guests to films.我会招待客人们看电影。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ entertaining adj. 引人发笑的，有趣的，娱乐的 entertainment n. 招待，款待，娱乐 entertain sb. with sth. 用……使某人快乐 entertain sb. to sth. 用……招待/款待某人 give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)He often __________ the children ______ funny expressions. 他经常用滑稽的表情逗孩子们玩儿。 (2)I usually _________ my friends ______ dinner on Sundays. 我常在星期天请朋友们吃饭。 (3)It’s not a very serious film, but a good _______________. 这不是一部严肃的电影，而是一部很好的娱乐片。‎ ‎【教材原句】This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and ‎ determination to overcome all difficulties. 这个角色是个社会生活中的失败者，但他乐观的精神和战胜困难的决心使他受到人们的喜爱。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ The dead woman had been overcome by smoke.这个女人是被烟呛死的。 【归纳拓展】‎ be overcome by sth.……使某人垮掉，……使某人昏迷 be overcome with emotion/excitement/horror/grief因情感/兴奋/恐怖/悲伤而不能自持 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)In the final game Sweden easily ____________ France.在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。 (2)Her parents __________________ grief at the funeral. 在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝。　　‎ ‎【答案】(1)overcame(2)were overcome with 重点短语精讲 考点1．pick out挑出；辨别出 ‎【教材原句】Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it were spaghetti.‎ 然后他挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面一样。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) I'd finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine.我早早完成了一份练习题，拿起一本《Time for Kids》杂志来读。‎ ‎(2) The fruiters picked out their stock of peaches and removed the over－ripe ones.水果商在桃子的存货中把过熟的拣了出来。‎ ‎(3) She failed to pick up on the humour in his remark.她没有领悟他话中的幽默。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ pick on 选择(某人或某物)作受罚(挨骂、干不愉快的 工作)的对象 pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；得到；学会； 用车接某人；收听到；身体好转 pick off 摘下，摘掉；逐个地(或有选择地)瞄准射中 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)Let me ____________ some good ones for you.让我来替你挑几个好的。 (2)It's easy to __________________ in a crowd because he is very tall. 很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。 (3)The bus ____________ passengers outside the airport. 公共汽车在机场外接乘客。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）We are too badly off to have a holiday.我们太穷，没有钱度假。‎ ‎（2）The school is rather badly off for equipment.学校相当缺乏设备。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ be badly off 拮据，贫穷 be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不够 ＝be short of/lack of be well off 有钱的，富裕的 be well off for sth.某方面是充裕的 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)I have got a big room so I‘m not too____________. 我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不坏。 (2)His family is not ____________. 他家境不太富裕。 (3)We _______________ for storage space in the new offices.我们的新办公室里有很多贮藏东西的地方。 (4)She ______________ for friends. 她缺少朋友。‎ ‎(5)I went to his home and found his living conditions were ____________ than mine. 我去他家一看，发现他的生活状况比我的更差。 ‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ We were completely cut off from the outside world.我们和外界完全隔绝了。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ cut across 抄近路穿过；对直穿过 cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开 cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短； 毁灭，破坏 cut in 插嘴；突然插入 cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/切碎 cut out 切掉；删掉 cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1)I had my hair ____________ and sold it. 我把头发剪掉卖了。 (2)Just when she had reached the most important point we ______________. 她刚刚讲到最要紧的地方，我们的电话就被切断了。 【答案】(1)cut off(2)were cut off 经典句型剖析 考点1 现在分词作结果状语 ‎【教材原句】Unfortunately his father died，leaving_the_family_even_worse_off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难，因此，卓别林童年时期都在照顾他生病的母亲和弟弟。‎ ‎【句法分析】leaving the family even worse off为现在分词短语作结果状语。‎ 现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果，而不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) No place is safe from greedy fishermen who take both males and females, leaving ‎ few fish to produce young.‎ 没有安全的地方能躲避捕鱼者，他们既捕公鱼，也捕母鱼，使得几乎没有鱼可以繁殖。‎ ‎(2) He hurried to the bus stop，only to be told the bus had left.他匆匆地去了车站，结果被告知车已经离开。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎(1) 那场大火持续了近一周，没有剩下什么值钱的东西。‎ The fire lasted nearly a week，__________________________________．‎ ‎(2) A few men were quarrelling noisily at midnight，______________ almost everyone in the building.几个人在半夜吵架，几乎把大楼里所有的人都吵醒了。‎ ‎【答案】(1) leaving nothing valuable (2) waking up ‎ 考点2 形容词修饰名词的排序问题 ‎【教材原句】The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn－out shoes and a_small_round_black_hat. 这个流浪汉，一个留着小胡子的穷苦的无家可归的人，穿着大裤子、破鞋子，头顶着黑色的小圆帽。‎ ‎【句法分析】a small round black hat 中的 hat前有三个形容词做定语，在英语中多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序是：限制词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词(nice, good, interesting, beautiful...)＋特征形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。我们可以用下面的一段顺口溜来帮助记忆： 限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。 颜色国籍出材料，作用类别紧跟着。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎（1）All these last few years所有这些逝去的岁月 ‎（2）Some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小红花 ‎（3）The first beautiful white Chinese military jeep第一辆漂亮的白色中国军用吉普车 ‎【即时巩固】‎ ‎—Is it Jim who is driving the new car? —Probably. I know he has recently bought a ______ car. A．shiny black German B．black shiny ‎ German C．shiny German black D．black German shiny ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查形容词的排列顺序。‎ 考点3 Sb. happens to do sth.‎ ‎【教材原句】“Well, it certainly will be this morning，” the man said, “because I happen_to_be flying it！”“啊，那今天上午肯定要晚点了，”那人说，“因为碰巧我要驾驶那班飞机！”‎ ‎【句法分析】‎ happen to do/be 碰巧 句型 Sb. happens to do sth.可以转换成 It happens that sb. does sth.，但使用时要注意复合句中从句谓语的时态要与简单句中的动词不定式的形式相呼应。‎ ‎【例句研读】‎ ‎(1) When I went to see him, he happened to be away on holiday. (＝When I went to see him, it happened that he was away on holiday.) 我去看他时，他碰巧在外度假。‎ ‎(2) Joseph came to borrow my skiing boards yesterday, but I happened to have lent them to my cousin last week.(＝...but it happened that I lent them to my cousin last week.) 约瑟夫昨天来借滑雪板，不巧的是我上星期借给我的表弟了。‎ ‎【即时巩固】‎ When the bridge fell down, several cars happened ______ on it. A．to run B．running C．to be running D．that they were running ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎