河南省郑州市第十二中学2020届十所高中毕业班阶段性测试四英语试卷 9页

英 语 考生注意： ‎ ‎ 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。‎ ‎ 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎ 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ ‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 ‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1. What did the woman do today?‎ ‎ A. She practiced the piano. B. She wrote some letters. C. She made a travel plan.‎ ‎2. What will the woman do tomorrow afternoon?‎ ‎ A. Go to the dentist. B. Go to a physics class. C. Meet with her trainer.‎ ‎3. What has the man been doing this weekend?‎ A. Visiting museums. ‎ B. Reading some science books. ‎ C. Trying to come up with an idea.‎ ‎4. How do the speakers feel?‎ ‎ A. Tired. B. Enjoyable. C. Frightened.‎ ‎5. What does the woman mean?‎ ‎ A. She doesn’t want to leave.‎ ‎ B. She will take all the files away.‎ ‎ C. She has enough time to deal with her work.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What did the woman say about the man’ s brother?‎ A. He has changed a lot. ‎ B. He was very impolite to her. ‎ C. She can never understand him.‎ ‎7. What is the man’s explanation7‎ ‎ A. His brother has a pain in his neck.‎ B. High school life is too stressful. ‎ C. That is the way teenagers are.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. What are the speakers doing?‎ ‎ A. Looking for something.‎ B. Talking about a trip to France. ‎ C. Checking their luggage at the airport.‎ ‎9. Where was the woman’ s passport?‎ ‎ A. In her wallet. B. Under the desk. C. In her makeup bag.‎ ‎10. What is the woman like?‎ ‎ A. She is forgetful. B. She is impatient. C. She is very organized.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. Where does the conversation take place?‎ ‎ A. In Thailand. B. In Hawaii. C. In Mexico.‎ ‎12. What do we know about the camera?‎ A. It can be used underwater. ‎ B. It cannot be dropped. ‎ C. It’ s pretty heavy.‎ ‎13. How much did the man spend on his camera equipment in total?‎ ‎ A. $200. B. $300. C. $350.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14. What does the man want the woman to do by Monday?‎ ‎ A. Call the models. B. Finish the files. C. Send out the invitations.‎ ‎15. When is the charity party?‎ ‎ A. This weekend. B. Next week. C. Next month.‎ ‎16. Where do the speakers probably work?‎ ‎ A. At a baking company. B. At a fashion company. C. At a housing company.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What is the speaker’ s attitude?‎ ‎ A. No one is born a genius.‎ ‎ B. Too much practice is not useful.‎ ‎ C. Talented people needn’t work hard.‎ ‎18. When did Mozart begin composing?‎ ‎ A. At the age of three. B. At the age of five. C. At the age of eight.‎ ‎19. How did Jimi Hendrix learn to play the guitar?‎ ‎ A. His father taught him. B. He learned at school. C. He taught himself.‎ ‎20. What happened to Einstein after graduation?‎ A. He couldn’t find a job. ‎ B. He was an immediate success. ‎ C. He gave up his studies for a while.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Futurology（未来学）explores how organizations can look at uncertainty, risk, and opportunity in a way that produces more value than just marching forward with yesterday’ s assumptions. Here are four well-received books about it.‎ Abundance This is a 243-page book by American writers Peter H. Diamandis and Steven Kotler that was published in 2012. The writers refer to the book’ s title as being a future where nine billion people have access to clean water, food, energy, health care, education, and everything else that is necessary for a first-world standard of living, thanks to technological developments.‎ Superintelligence Published in 2011, this is a 416-page book by the Swedish philosopher Nick Bostrom from the University of Oxford. It argues that if machine brains surpass human brains in general intelligence, then this new superintelligence could replace humans as the major life form on Earth. Sufficiently intelligent machines could improve their own abilities faster than human computer scientists, and the outcome could be a disaster for humans.‎ Physics of the Future Published in 2014, this is a 352-page book by the Japanese theoretical physicist Michio Kaku, author of Hyperspace and Physics of the Impossible. In it, Kaku predicts possible future technological developments over the next 100 years. He interviews notable scientists about their fields of research and lays out his vision of coming developments in medicine, computing, artificial intelligence, and energy production.‎ The Next Decade Published in 2010, this is a 400-page book by George Friedman, who addresses the United States’ relationships with other countries and the state of the world in general throughout the 2010s. The book also discusses the paradox（悖论）of “the empire and the republic”, and addresses some demographic, technological, and economic issues, primarily those that will affect the 2010s.‎ ‎21. What’s the text intended to introduce?‎ ‎ A. Some popular futurology books. B. Some predictions about the future.‎ ‎ C. Some future technological developments.‎ ‎ D. Some famous writers and their typical works.‎ ‎22. In which way is Abundance different from the other three?‎ ‎ A. It discusses future resource supplies.‎ ‎ B. It is not finished by one single writer.‎ ‎ C. It is written by a non-native English speaker.‎ ‎ D. It is based on interviews with famous scientists.‎ ‎23. Which book talks about politics?‎ ‎ A. Superintelligence. B. Abundance.‎ ‎ C. The Next Decade. D. Physics of the Future.‎ B ‎ In the late 1940s, we were living in a little country town called Monta Vista near San Jose, California. Dad worked on and off, so we were generally low on money. But this particular year we would even go without a Christmas tree.‎ ‎ The tradition Mom loved most was decorating the Christmas tree, which always stood in a place of honor in our living room. From Thanksgiving on, she would start dragging out boxes filled with all kinds of decorations that had been used in previous years.‎ ‎ Mom was almost in mourning（哀悼）about not having a tree that year. We tried to cheer her up but nothing seemed to work. As the holiday got closer, she often stayed in her bedroom, praying. A few days before Christmas, we woke up to see a delighted mother singing Christmas carols in the backyard. “Mom,” I asked her, “why are you so happy all of a sudden?” She said, “Come and see for yourself, son.” I went out to the backyard and saw a huge tumbleweed（风滚草） against the garage door. But Mom didn’t see a tumbleweed. She saw a beautiful Christmas tree.‎ ‎ We couldn’t get it in through the front or back doors, so we opened both the French doors on the side of the house and brought the “tree” in that way. Somehow we got it fastened to the Christmas tree stand, and we set it up in the living room. Then we began to decorate it together. Its branches were much too weak to support lights, so we tied just one string close to the trunk where the lights would shine upward.‎ ‎ We all stood back and looked at our “tree”. My mom began to cry softly. I heard her say under her breath, “Thank you, God, for providing us with a tree to bless us this Christmas.”‎ ‎24. What happened to the author’ s family in that particular year?‎ ‎ A. His father lost his job suddenly. B. They moved to a little country town.‎ ‎ C. They couldn’t afford a Christmas tree. D. His father’ s health worsened abruptly.‎ ‎25. What habit did the author’s mother have?‎ ‎ A. Singing Christmas carols in her bedroom.‎ ‎ B. Storing the Christmas tree for future use.‎ ‎ C. Crying for all kinds of sufferings in life.‎ ‎ D. Recycling Christmas tree decorations.‎ ‎26. Why didn’t the author’s family bring in the tumbleweed through the front or back doors?‎ ‎ A. Because it was too big in size. B. To show their great respect for it.‎ ‎ C. To avoid being witnessed by others. D. Because they were far from the living room.‎ ‎27. What made the author’s mother cry after having the tumbleweed decorated?‎ ‎ A. That it looked like a real tree. B. That her prayer was answered.‎ ‎ C. That she had difficulty breathing. D. That it was a gift from her family.‎ C ‎ Long, relaxing bathroom breaks that allow people to read the news or visit their social media may be coming to an end due to a new toilet seat design that is supposed to make sitting on the toilet for more than seven minutes become uncomfortable.‎ ‎ Called the Standard Toilet, the new design, thought up by English consulting engineer Mahabir Gill, slopes（倾斜） at a downwards angle of 13 degrees, forcing the person sitting on it to use their leg muscles to keep from sliding off. According to its creator, the longest someone can comfortably sit on such a toilet seat is 5 to 7 minutes. Gill said the angle is enough to cause some feelings of ‎ strain in the users’ legs, making them want to get up faster than they would from a horizontal（水平的）toilet seat, but not enough to cause serious health problems. Gill also added that the Standard Toilet would be great for businesses wanting to maximize employee work hours.‎ The Standard Toilet has already received the backing of the British Toilet Association （ BTA）, but has come under fire on social media, where people either joked about ways to “defeat” the design, or called it a shame.‎ ‎ Gill told Wired magazine that as a consulting engineer he sometimes discovered workers asleep on the toilet, and that he also became increasingly annoyed by queues for public toilets. The final straw came one morning, after a heavy night of drinking, when in desperate need of a toilet, he only found locked cubicles. He started working on a solution, and the Standard Toilet was born.‎ ‎ While the sloped toilet apparently offers some health benefits to users, like improving posture and lowering the risk of developing some health problems, Mr. Gill admits that the main purpose of the Standard Toilet is to reduce the financial losses of businesses.‎ ‎28. Why is the Standard Toilet designed at a downwards angle of 13 degrees?‎ ‎ A. To exercise its users’ leg muscles. B. To reduce its users’ health problems.‎ ‎ C. To guarantee its users’ great comfort. D. To shorten its users’ bathroom breaks.‎ ‎29. Which of the following words can best describe the Standard Toilet?‎ ‎ A. Fashionable. B. Ridiculous. C. Widespread. D. Controversial.‎ ‎30. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?‎ ‎ A. Why Gill designed the Standard Toilet.‎ ‎ B. The biggest advantage of the Standard Toilet.‎ ‎ C. The most common problem of using public toilets.‎ ‎ D. Where Gill’ s design for the Standard Toilet came from.‎ ‎31. What can be known about Mahabir Gill from the text?‎ ‎ A. He used to fall asleep on the toilet.‎ ‎ B. He used to be heavily addicted to drinking.‎ ‎ C. His design is likely to be well received by employers.‎ ‎ D. He thinks toilet time reflects a person’ s health condition.‎ D ‎ Bird eggs come in a variety of colors, but new research shows that diversity follows a simple pattern—the colder the climate, the darker the egg. Darker eggs take in more heat than lighter ones. This could help developing chicks stay warm while their parents look for food. That’ s the conclusion of the study.‎ ‎ Biologists have long tried to understand why birds’ eggs come in so many shapes and colors. There could be many reasons. The color may help make eggs less likely to be discovered by their natural enemies. The egg shape or color might also somehow protect eggs against bacteria or signal their quality. The shape or color might even help keep an egg warm. “Scientists have discovered some evidence to support all of these assumptions,” says Phillip Wisocki, who worked on the research.‎ ‎ Wisocki and his colleagues turned to collections of birds’ eggs in museums. They compiled （汇编）data from 634 species. These represented all but four of the 40 living orders of birds. Then they plotted the data on a global map. The brightness and color of eggshells were closely related to a region’ s temperature, they showed. That was true even after considering that closely related species ‎ can have similarly colored eggs. Birds in the far north—which tends to be colder—had darker, browner eggs. Eggs became lighter and slightly bluer for birds closer to the equator. Egg colors, however, tended to be more varied in the tropics（热带）.‎ ‎ Darker eggs may be an adaptation to the cold, the research now suggests. Like a dark car parked in the sun, a dark egg should take in more heat from the sun than a lighter egg. To test this theory, Wisocki’ s group exposed chicken eggs to direct sunlight and tracked how well they assimilated heat. Some were white. Others were brown or blue. Sure enough, brown eggs warmed faster and cooled more slowly than the lighter eggs.‎ ‎32. According to the assumptions about birds’ eggs, their shapes and colors _________.‎ ‎ A. can reflect the appetites of birds B. are determined by the ages of birds ‎ C. aren’t the result of natural evolution D. can act as a measure of self-defence ‎33. Where do the bird eggs Wisocki’ s group researched on come from?‎ ‎ A. Museum collections. B. Color-painted bird eggs.‎ ‎ C. Their own worldwide search. D. Birds kept in many regions.‎ ‎34. The underlined word “assimilated” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “_________”.‎ ‎ A. blocked B. absorbed C. reflected D. produced ‎35. What is the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A. How Do Birds Lay Eggs of Different Colors?‎ ‎ B. What Contributes to the Different Colors of Bird Eggs?‎ ‎ C. Why Are Bird Eggs in Cold Climates Darker Colored?‎ ‎ D. What Are the Functions of the Different Colors of Bird Eggs?‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎ Your fitness level depends on getting regular exercise, but pushing yourself too hard or using the wrong equipment, even the wrong shoes can injure yourself. So, how can you exercise safely?‎ ‎● Warm up, cool down. You need to prepare your body for exercise by going through a warm-up period to get your blood flowing, increase the temperature of your muscles, and start your breathing faster, all of which help your body adjust to the demands you’ ll be placing on it during exercise. After intense exercise, cool down by gradually decreasing your pace, allowing your heart rate and your breathing to return to normal. 36 ‎ ‎ ● Get the right equipment. You don’ t have to buy expensive exercise clothing to work out, but you should have the right equipment for the activity you’ve chosen. 37 In general, what you’ll need includes athletic shoes appropriate to the activity, weather-appropriate clothing and any necessary protective equipment.‎ ‎ ● 38 Overuse injuries can occur when you do the same type of exercise over and over again. For example, swimmers place much repeated stress on their shoulders, while runners pound away at their knees, ankles, and feet. Besides, your body will adapt if you do only one type of exercise, and you’ll find yourself getting less benefit from it.‎ ‎ ● Drink water. 39 A good rule of thumb is to drink 2 cups of water about 15 minutes before your exercise program and another 2 cups after you cool down. Remember to drink during exercise, too.‎ ‎ ● Listen to your body language. It’ s normal for your muscles to feel painful 12 to 24 hours after ‎ a good workout. But if you have pain that occurs during your workout or immediately afterward, talk to your doctor. The same goes for muscle pain that lasts for more than a week or two. It’ s good to be devoted to your exercise program. 40 ‎ A. Add variety.‎ B. Start slowly.‎ C. This is both for your comfort and safety.‎ D. Be sure to replace the liquid you lose through sweat.‎ E. Every workout session should end in much the same way.‎ F. However, don’ t work out when you’ re not feeling well or are extremely tired.‎ G. Stretching immediately after your warm-up can make you benefit most from your fitness routine.‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Katie always wanted to be a performer. She was 41 of musicals and Disney movies from an early age and her mum, Karen, would often 42 her to watch them singing. When she was nine, her happy childhood took a 43 when her mother was diagnosed（诊断）with cancer. When the doctor 44 the Whetsell family that Karen’ s disease was terminal, they made a decision. Disney World had been a longtime dream vacation for Karen. 45 , in November 1997, the family 46 and headed to Disney World.‎ ‎ The Whetsells spared no 47 for their once-in-a-lifetime vacation and stayed at Disneyland for eight nights. They spent their days in the parks, seeing the sights, greeting characters, all the while 48 Karen in her wheelchair and watching her face light up with joy. They all 49 the joy of experiencing the park for the first time with Karen. The trip to Disney World at the height of Karen’ s 50 with cancer allowed them to escape into a world of magic and laughter.‎ ‎ Katie says she’ ll never forget the moment that changed her 51 on that trip: After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells 52 to see one of Disney World’ s nightly light shows. While watching, a Disney performer came up to her mom and rested her hand on Karen’ s shoulder. They __53 smiles and, to this day, Katie still remembers how 54 her mom looked. The whole family was touched by the performer’ s 55 . This was the day Katie decided she wanted to work for Disney to bring smiles to every visitor’ s face.‎ ‎ Katie went on to pursue（追求） 56 for a living. After she received her degree in musical theatre from Otterbein University, she 57 moved to New York. Katie 58 for years, trying to make it as an actress. Her hard work and determination finally 59 when she was hired to work as a（n） 60 Disney performer.‎ ‎41. A. short B. fond C. aware D. proud ‎42. A. force B. remind C. persuade D. accompany ‎43. A. turn B. risk C. break D. chance ‎44. A. impressed B. convinced C. informed D. promised ‎45. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Besides D. However ‎46. A. packed up B. fixed up C. kept up D. showed up ‎47. A. choice B. patience C. expense D. courage ‎48. A. leading B. dragging C. leaving D. pushing ‎49. A. shared B. lost C. refused D. explained ‎50. A. charge B. battle C. agreement D. acquaintance ‎51. A. belief B. luck C. profession D. life ‎52. A. decided B. swore C. forgot D. declined ‎53. A. offered B. harvested C. exchanged D. presented ‎54. A. ashamed B. delighted C. curious D. ambitious ‎55. A. comfort B. reaction C. motivation D. behavior ‎56. A. designing B. teaching C. performing D. engineering ‎57. A. instantly B. constantly C. typically D. unwillingly ‎58. A. paused B. hesitated C. continued D. struggled ‎59. A. paid back B. paid off C. paid away D. paid out ‎60. A. serious B. honest C. official D. cautious 第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅渎下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎ It’s reported that about one in three American teens is overweight. The extra weight is harmful 61 almost every organ in the body. It can lead to 62 （variety） diseases, including heart disease, high blood pressure and even some types of cancer. Children under the age of 13 who 63 （be）overweight may start developing heart disease as early as the age of 25.‎ So, how can you know if you’ re at a healthy weight? If you had height and weight measurements recently 64 （do）by a doctor or healthcare provider, you can use 65 to determine your Body Mass Index （BMI）. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has an online BMI calculator and growth charts to help healthcare providers determine 66 a person is at a healthy body weight. Keeping track of your weight is a good way to make sure your weight is staying in healthy ranges.‎ ‎ Everyone needs a certain amount of calories（卡路里） 67 （perform）normal daily activities. If you’ve gained weight, it is a 68 （suggest）that some calories have been stored as fat and that more than enough calories 69 （take） in. If you absorb 70 （few）calories than your body needs, you can lose weight.‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ Since the new school term is approaching, my children are excitedly to go to school with new schoolbags, books and clothes. As parents, they feel happy for our children, either. But there are some children who hardly managed to have two meals a day. I know such a child whom parents work very hard for those two meals a day. Because public schools provide free education, the school things like pens aren’t supplying. Therefore, this morning I bought a schoolbag, dozens of pen, and a ‎ box of crayons for the boy I’ m familiar. He was very glad to get all the new things. It also brought a plenty of joy to me!‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎ 假定你是李华，你的英国网友Peter擅长漫画创作，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加将于5月16号在杭州举办的第16届国际青年漫画大赛，内容包括：‎ ‎ 1．发出邀请；‎ ‎ 2．漫画大赛的时间、地点和相关情况介绍；‎ ‎ 3．期待回复。‎ 注意：1．词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎