【英语】湖南省衡阳市第一中学2020届高三11月月考试题（解析版） 22页

湖南省衡阳市第一中学2020届高三11月月考英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It seems that electronic devices just keep getting smaller. Scientists in the United States have announced the creation of the first transistor with only two dimensions（二维）.‎ A transistor is a small electronic device that transfers or carries electronic current. Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building high-resolution（高分辨率）displays that need very little energy.‎ Two groups of scientists created these 2D transistors. They report that the transistors are only a few atoms thick.‎ Usually transistors are made with the element silicon（硅）. Computer processors, memory chips, TV screens and other electronic devices contain billions of silicon-based transistors. But these very small electrical parts have certain limitations.‎ Dimitris Ioannou is an electrical engineering professor at George Mason University. He says the traditional transistor has been improved as much as it can be. He adds that researchers have been looking for new materials with special features and they want transistors to be seen through and soft.‎ ‎“If the layers are very thin, the transistor can become flexible, so it doesn’t have to be rigid（坚硬的）, like it would be in a silicon chip. So people can think of applications like wearable electronics, television screens and other things,” said Ioannou.‎ These new transistors can also carry higher current. They also can move the current much faster than traditional transistors. This is important for high-definition screens.‎ Dimitris Ioannou says the scientific success could prove very useful in the future. "Now, how good and how useful it will be, it’s still in the stage of research, but it certainly is an advance," said Ioannou.‎ ‎1. Which of the following statements about the newly created transistor is TRUE?‎ A. They are expected to be used in high-resolution displays.‎ B. The transistors are made with the element silicon.‎ C. They are rigid, just like traditional transistors.‎ D. They have already been put into actual use.‎ ‎2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A. The traditional transistors have been changed into two-dimensional ones.‎ B. Many of the traditional transistors have been improved over the years.‎ C. The traditional transistor has been developed to its fullest.‎ D. The traditional transistor has been developed quite well.‎ ‎3. What is Dimitris Ioannou’s attitude towards the creation of the new transistors?‎ A. Negative. B. Neutral.‎ C. Indifferent. D. Positive.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文为介绍说明文。美国科学家发明了新的二维晶体管，文章介绍了新型二维晶体管的相关信息及未来前景。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building high-resolution（高分辨率）displays that need very little energy.可知，科学家们希望能用这些新的二维晶体管来制造高分辨率的显示器。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 句意理解题。划线句句意为“他说传统的晶体管已经尽可能地改进了”可推知，传统的晶体管已经开发到了极致。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 观点态度题。A. Negative消极的；B. Neutral中性的；C. Indifferent漠不关心的；D. Positive积极的。根据最后一段中的Dimitris Ioannou所说的话可推知，他对于这种新型的晶体管持有积极乐观的态度。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 阅读理解所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先 要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第1小题Which of the following statements about the newly created transistor is TRUE?（下面关于新型晶体管的陈述正确的是哪个？），根据第二段中的Scientists hope these new 2D transistors will be used for building high-resolution（高分辨率）displays that need very little energy.可知，科学家们希望能用这些新的二维晶体管来制造高分辨率、低耗能的显示器。于是我们在文章中标识出这一句话，并标上小题号作为第1小题的答案依据。做阅读理解题时，一定要细心，这样才能准确找到正确答案。‎ B The mayor of Flint offered Miss Michigan Emily Sioma high praise on Tuesday for speaking out at this weekend’s Miss America conference about the city’s water crisis.‎ ‎“I was really excited for her to do that," Mayor Karen Weaver told TMZ. “I think she was very brave because so many times you say who you are and where you’re from and just general information. For her to take that opportunity and use her platform and use her voice to speak up about what’s going on in Michigan and in Flint, in particular, was just amazing. ”‎ Emily Sioma,24,introduced herself on stage on Sunday by saying,“From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink. I am Miss Michigan Emily Sioma.” The brief ‘speech was a reference to Flint, a town with lead-filled drinking water.‎ Weaver said Sioma’s decision to speak about the Flint water crisis demonstrated her impressive character. “I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she’s not a selfish person," Weaver said. “She could have talked only about herself, but she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what’s going on in Flint, what’s going on with water quality standards what’s going on with this broken infrastructure(基础设施) that we have across the country. "‎ Ratings showed that 4. 3 million viewers watched the ABC program. Although Miss New York Nia Imani Franklin ultimately won the competition, many Twitter users quickly got behind Sioma, who did not make the final 15, after her introduction.‎ ‎“Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact,” one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not- she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That, is a Miss America."‎ ‎4. What does the underlined word “water crisis’’ refer to in Paragraph 1?‎ A. Water transportation. B. Water shortage.‎ C. Water reservation. D. Water quality.‎ ‎5. How does the mayor find Emily Sioma?‎ A. Curious and cautious. B. Brave and unselfish.‎ C. Proud and admirable. D. Talkative and outgoing.‎ ‎6. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?‎ A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Introduce the ABC program.‎ C. Emphasize Sioma’s influence. D. Add some background information.‎ ‎7. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Mayor of Flint B. A Twitter Voice C. The ABC Competition D. A Miss America ‎【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。Sioma在一次会议中大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题，Flint市的市长高度赞扬了她并认为她是一个勇敢且大公无私的人，网上的人们也表达了对此事的看法。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“From the state with 84 percent of the U. S. fresh water but none for its residents to drink（该州拥有美国84%的淡水，但却没有可供居民饮用的水）”和第四段第四句中的“she chose to use this opportunity to bring attention to, and keep attention on, what’s going on in Flint, what’s going on with water quality standards（她选择利用这个机会来引起人们的注意，并持续关注Flint正在发生的事情，水质标准正在发生的事情）” 可推知,Sioma在会议中提出了美国城市面临的水质问题,由此可知,此处画线词water crisis应指美国城市的水质问题，与D项意思相近。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句中的“I applaud her for being a brave young woman. And it also shows you that she’s not a selfish person.（我为她的勇敢喝彩。这也表明她不是一个自私的人。）”可知,市长认为Emily Sioma是一个勇敢时且大公无私的人。 故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读第五段可知，虽然Sioma没有获得冠军,‎ 但是有许多人都支持她。再结合第六段中的 “Emily Sioma wanted to make an impact,” one Twitter user wrote on Sunday. Regardless of whether you agree with what she said or not she is shining light on a pressing issue"（“Emily Sioma想要制造影响，”一名Twitter用户周日写道。不管你是否同意她所说的，她正在解决一个紧迫的问题）可推知，作者写第五段主要是为了强调Sioma的影响力。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了Sioma大胆地提出了美国大城市用水质量存在的问题, Flint市市长高度赞扬了她。再根据最后一段最后两句中的“she is shining light on a pressing issue that we have in our state and that is still not solved. That, is a Miss America.（她在我们州的一个紧迫问题上发出了希望之光，而这个问题仍然没有得到解决。这就是美国小姐。）”可知，D项“美国小姐”能概括本文的主旨,适合做本文的标题。故选D。‎ C A bra (胸罩) that can be used as a gas mask. Hitting beer bottles over peopled heads. How to turn tequila(龙舌兰) into diamonds? These are just some of the themes for this year’s Ig Nobel prizes—the most unusual scientific award ceremony in the world. And the winners are The chemistry prize went to Javier Morales from the National University of Mexico for his research into how to make diamonds from tequila. He used a pressure container to do this.‎ The public health prize was awarded to Elena Bodnar of Illinois, for patenting a bra that can be changed into a pair of gas masks. “It was inspired by the Chernobyl nuclear accident," said Bodnar, who is originally from the Ukraine.‎ The physics prize was awarded to Katherine Whitcome at the University of Cincinnati and colleagues. They looked into the question of why pregnant women don’t fall over.‎ The veterinary(兽医的) medicine prize was awarded to Catherine Douglas and Peter Rowlinson of Newcastle University’s school of agriculture. Their research showed that giving cows names such as Daisy increases their milk production. "It’s the highlight of my career, ” said Douglas.‎ ‎"The work amused the public, but it also addressed a serious problem about the welfare of animals.”‎ The peace prize went to Stephan Bolliger and his colleagues from the University of Bern in Switzerland. They did experiments to discover whether it’s more painful to hit someone on the ‎ head with a full beer bottle or an empty one. “Empty beer bottles are stronger than full ones,” the researchers reported.‎ And the economics prize went to the officials of four Icelandic banks (Kaupthing bank Landsbanki, Glitnir bank and Central Bank of Iceland) for demonstrating that tiny banks can be rapidly transformed into huge banks, and vice versa.‎ It’s nice to think that this amazing research is getting the attention it deserves!‎ ‎8. What prize did Javier Morales win?‎ A. The chemistry prize. B. The physics prize.‎ C. The public health prize. D. The economics prize.‎ ‎9. Why was the public health prize awarded to Elena Bodnar?‎ A. Because he got inspiration from the nuclear accident.‎ B. Because he knew how to change tequila into diamonds.‎ C. Because he patented a bra that can be used as a gas mask.‎ D. Because he found out why pregnant women don’t fall over.‎ ‎10. According to Paragraph 5, what will happen when cows get names?‎ A. They will produce more milk.‎ B. They will grow more quickly.‎ C. The public will feel amused.‎ D. A serious problem will become amusing.‎ ‎11. How did people feel the veterinary medicine prize?‎ A. Puzzling. B. Amusing.‎ C. Disappointing. D. Confusing.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。搞笑诺贝尔奖是世界上最不寻常的科学颁奖典礼，文章就此说明了一些搞笑的诺贝尔奖项。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“ The chemistry prize went to Javier Morales.（化学奖颁给了Javier Morales。）” 可知Javier Morales 赢得了化学奖。故A项正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“ The public" health prize was awarded to Elena Bodnar of Illinois, for patenting a bra that can be changed into a pair of gas masks.（公共健康奖授予伊利诺伊州的Elena Bodnar，以表彰她发明了一种可以变成防毒面具的胸罩。） "可知,Elena Bodnar被授予公共卫生奖是因为她发现胸罩能被用做防毒面具并获得了专利。故C项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句Their research showed that giving cows names such as Daisy increases their milk production.（他们的研究表明，给奶牛起Daisy这样的名字可以增加它们的产奶量。）可知,给牛起名字会增加牛奶的产量。故A项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段“The work amused the public, but it also addressed a serious problem about the welfare of animals. ”（“这项工作让公众觉得很有趣，但它也解决了一个有关动物福利的严重问题。”）可知,人们认为兽医医学奖很有趣。故B项正确。‎ D Most adults find it hard to recall events from their first few years of life and now scientists have found exactly when these childhood memories fade(消失).‎ A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.‎ Most children by the age of eight or nine can only recall 35% of their experiences from under the age of three, according to the new findings.‎ The scientists behind the research say this is because at around this age the way we form memories begins to change. They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early events they can recall tend to be more adult-like in the way they are formed. Children also have a far faster rate of forgetting than adults. The findings also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of events but then forget them just a couple of years later.‎ The youngsters first visited the laboratory at the age of three and discussed six unique events from their past, such as family outings, trips to the zoo, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second session between the ages of five and nine to discuss the same events. The researchers found that between the ages of five and seven, the amount of memories the ‎ children could recall remained between 63 -72 percent. However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.‎ ‎12. What does the new study tell us?‎ A. Childhood memories decline with years.‎ B. Three-year-old kids are the cleverest.‎ C. Childhood memories can fade easily.‎ D. Some adults cannot recall past events.‎ ‎13. What does the underlined word “persist” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A. Change. B. Remain.‎ C. Appear. D. Return.‎ ‎14. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?‎ A. Adults cannot have clear memories of past events.‎ B. Children can think like adults when they get older.‎ C. Children under 7 years old have different ways of forming memories.‎ D. Children often forget things because they have no idea of time or place.‎ ‎15. In the second session, nine-year-old children _________.‎ A. refused to discuss the same events B. remembered all their family outings C. could recall 72 percent of their past events D. only remembered a small part of their past events ‎【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了记忆消失的一些知识。大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情，这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，但到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退。在七岁之前，孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。在5到7岁之间，孩子们能回忆起的记忆量保持在63%到72%之间。然而，8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of ‎ what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.（一项新的研究发现，大多数三岁的孩子都能回忆起一年前发生在他们身上的许多事情，这些记忆在他们五岁和六岁时仍然存在，但当他们超过七岁时，这些记忆迅速衰退。）可知新研究告诉了我们童年时的记忆随年龄而衰退。 故选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退，可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，故划线单词persist的意思是：存在，保留。故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories.（他们说在七岁之前，孩子们在记忆中没有时间感和位置感。）可知孩子们经常忘记事情，因为他们没有时间感位置感，故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中根据 However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent.（然而，8至9岁儿童能够回忆起的信息量下降到35%和36%。）可知在第二阶段，九岁的孩子只记得他们过去的一小部分事情。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第二小题，根据下文but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly.到七岁以上时，这些记忆会迅速衰退，可知这些记忆在五岁和六岁时依然存在，故划线单词persist的意思是：存在，保留。故选B。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Quick Ways to Fight September Blues September can be an exciting time of year with school starting, fall sports coming back, and the cooling of weather. However, this can also start a difficult season. ___16___ If you are struggling with the September blues, here are some tips you can do to help you go through this time of year.‎ Get yourself moving This might not be what you want to hear, but exercising is an excellent way to keep both your body and mind in good shape. If you feel yourself down or anxious, try exercising can help clear your mind and give you a chance to identify what exactly is causing you stress. Do not worry if you do not have time for an hour long workout. ____17____.‎ Spread your social butterfly wings ‎____18____ You do not need to admit your feelings or bring up your blues, just talk. Invite a friend for coffee, a walk, or dinner. Not sure you want to talk? You could always try a movie. Leaving the house and socializing will help you reset how you feel. If you do not feel comfortable social contact, try sending a text or email.‎ Get flexible Yoga is a great way to help reduce stress and get fit. Yoga practice involves learning how to breathe and thinking about your body as you enter each pose. If you are not sure about your balance or flexibility, considering trying a recovering class that focuses on training and recovery. ____19____, so you can relax as they do the work.___20___. It is a common problem affecting both children and adults. If you feel extremely down or begin to feel helpless and worthless, seek out professional help. A licensed therapist(理疗师)can help you work through your feelings so you can get back to feeling like yourself.‎ The tips above will help you.‎ A. Pressure always forms in September B. Some studios will offer recovering classes C. When you are feeling low, find a friend or two to talk to D. It is hard dealing with the pressures of a new school year E. Developing some hobbies is a good way to get rid of stress F. Just get 10-20 minutes of movement in and you will still benefit G. If you have realized that September blues are something you struggle with, do not be ashamed ‎【答案】16. D 17. F ‎ ‎18. C 19. B ‎ ‎20. G ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。每到九月开学季,面对新学期,人们总会出现一些忧郁、郁闷的感觉。针对这些状况,文章列举了三个重要的解决方法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文However, this can also start a difficult season.（然而这也会开始一段艰难的时光。）下文应举例说明艰难时光的表现有哪些，故D项“新学年的压力很难应付”承接上文,是对上句的进一步补充和延伸。故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文Do not worry if you do not have time for an hour long workout.（如果你没有时间进行一小时的锻炼也不必担心。）可推知本句承接上文继续说明，就算没有时间进行一个小时的锻炼，那么仅仅十分钟到二十分钟也是有益的，故F项“仅仅是十到二十分钟的运动对你也仍然有利”是对上一句的衔接,符合上下文的逻辑联系。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文You do not need to admit your feelings or bring up your blues, just talk.（你不需要承认你的感受, 或提起你的忧郁,只要随便说点什么。）可知在论述倾诉的重要性。故C项“当你感到情绪低落时,找到一两个朋友去倾诉”符合上下文的逻辑联系,且C选项中的“talk”和空格后的“talk” 是原词复现。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文If you are not sure about your balance or flexibility, considering trying a ‎ recovering class that focuses on training and recovery.（如果你不能确定自身的平衡能力或灵活性,考虑尝试去上一个专注于训练和恢复性的课程。）以及下文so you can relax as they do the work.（所以当他们给你上课时,你可以放松自己。）可知本句为论述工作室也会提供康复课程，故B项“有的工作室会提供康复课”与上下文衔接自然。故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据下文It is a common problem affecting both children and adults.（这是一个影响儿童和成人的常见问题。）可知即使意识到新学期的压力对自己产生的影响，也不必难为情，因为这是一个常见问题。故G项“如果你已经意识到新学期压力对你的影响,也不必难为情”在逻辑和语意上与下文衔接自然。故选G。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It’s sad to know that each year many teenagers experience the death of someone they love. This is likely to have an _____21_____ on their life. Although bereavement(丧失) is a difficult and _____22_____ topic, I’m going to talk about some of the things that _____23_____ helped me to cope better after losing my dad in 2012.‎ The most important _____24_____ is not to "bottle things up". At first, I didn’t tell anyone how I really felt when I should have spoken about it. No one should be _____25_____ to feel upset after losing someone they love, as it’s an _____26_____ time. It is important to talk about how you feel to people you _____27_____ so they can support you. I “opened up” to few people, but it was nice to know that I had people there who I could _____28_____ if I had a (n) _____29_____ day. I spoke to my friends and my teachers, who would offer _____30_____.‎ Another thing that I found to be _____31_____ after losing my dad was to make a _____32_____ box. This is a box where I put stuff that reminded me of my dad, and the memories I _____33_____ with him. I still have the___34___now, and it makes me _____35_____.‎ Finally, it’s important to take time to grieve(悲痛) properly. I decided to focus on my studies and the things I _____36_____ doing. I get _____37_____ from time to time but I’ve learned that it’s okay to _____38_____.‎ Everyone will have their own ways of _____39_____ after losing someone they love. This ‎ outlines what I personally found helpful. Everyone should remember that they are not _____40_____.‎ ‎21. A. independence B. impact C. agreement D. impression ‎22. A. impressive B. objective C. positive D. sensitive ‎23. A. personally B. simply C. hopefully D. possibly ‎24. A. thing B. phrase C. fact D. truth ‎25. A. pleased B. heartbroken C. desired D. ashamed ‎26. A. unimportant B. unpleasant C. untouched D. unsatisfied ‎27. A. meet B. know C. trust D. remember ‎28. A. look for B. turn to C. speak to D. respond to ‎29. A. common B. particular C. easy D. bad ‎30. A. accommodation B. money C. food D. help ‎31. A. helpful B. disappointed C. painful D. grateful ‎32. A. chocolate B. experience C. memory D. personal ‎33. A. provided B. shared C. played D. talked.‎ ‎34. A. box B. stuff C. memory D. sadness ‎35. A. stop B. wonder C. smile D. differ ‎36. A. forgot B. kept C. enjoyed D. considered ‎37. A. upset B. confused C. bored D. influenced ‎38. A. laugh B. cry C. question D. calm ‎39. A. studying B. living C. handling D. passing ‎40. A. allergic B. alike C. usual D. alone ‎【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。每年都有许多青少年经历他们所爱的人的死亡，这是令人悲伤的。这可能会对他们的生活产生影响。接着作者谈了如何应对失去亲人的一些个人建议：不要把事情憋在心里、向你信任的人倾诉你的感受、做一个记忆盒以及花时间适当地哀悼是很重要的。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能会对他们的生活产生影响。A. independence独立；B. impact影响；C. agreement同意；D. impression印象。短语have an impact on “对……有影响”。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然丧亲之痛是一个艰难而敏感的话题，但我想谈谈2012年失去父亲后，我个人帮助自己更好地应对的一些事情。A. impressive感人的；B. objective客观的；C. positive积极的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据常识可知失去亲人是一个敏感的话题。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然丧亲之痛是一个艰难而敏感的话题，但我想谈谈2012年失去父亲后，我个人帮助自己更好地应对的一些事情。A. personally亲自地；B. simply简单地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. possibly可能地。根据下文helped me可知作者要谈论一些就他自己而言，帮助到他的方法。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的事情是不要“把事情憋在心里”。A. thing事情；B. phrase短语；C. fact事实；D. truth真相。根据上文some of the things可知指最重要的事情。故选A ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人应该因为失去所爱的人而感到难过而感到羞愧。A. pleased高兴的；B. heartbroken悲伤的；C. desired渴望的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人应该因为失去所爱的人而感到难过而感到羞愧，因为这是一段不愉快的时光。A. unimportant不重要的；B. unpleasant令人不愉快的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. unsatisfied不满意的。失去亲人是令人不愉快的。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：向你信任的人倾诉你的感受，这样他们才能支持你，这一点很重要。A. meet遇见；B. know知道；C. trust相信；D. remember记住。根据下文so they can support you可知要对自己信任的人倾诉。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我对很少的人“敞开心扉”，但很高兴知道，如果我有一天过得不好，我可以向那里的人求助。A. look for寻找；B. turn to求助于；C. speak to说话；D. respond to响应。根据句意可知表示 “求助于”故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对很少的人“敞开心扉”，但很高兴知道，如果我有一天过得不好，我可以向那里的人求助。A. common共同的；B. particular特别的；C. easy容易的；D. bad坏的。根据上下文语境，短语have a bad day “度过糟糕的一天”。故选D ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的朋友和老师交谈，他们会提供帮助。A. accommodation住处；B. money钱；C. food食物；D. help帮助。根据上文可知要求助于别人，因为朋友和老师会提供帮助。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失去父亲后，我发现另一件有用的事情是做一个记忆盒。A. helpful有帮助的；B. disappointed失望的；C. painful痛苦的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文可知这个盒子可以有助于缓解悲伤，是有帮助的。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：失去父亲后，我发现另一件有用的事情是做一个记忆盒。A. chocolate巧克力；B. experience经历；C. memory记忆；D. personal私人的。根据下文This is a box where I put stuff that reminded me of my dad, and the memories可知是一个“记忆”盒子。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个盒子，我在里面放的东西让我想起了我的父亲，还有我和他分享的回忆。A. provided提供；B. shared分享；C. played玩耍；D. talked谈论。根据上下文语境可知，这是一个纪念父亲的箱子，里面是作者和父亲一起分享的记忆。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在还留着那个盒子，它让我微笑。A. box盒子；B. stuff东西；C. memory记忆；D. sadness悲伤。表示作者还留着那个盒子。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在还留着那个盒子，它让我微笑。A. stop停止；B. wonder好奇；C. smile微笑；D. differ不同。根据上文可知，记忆盒子对作者有帮助，会让作者微笑。故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定专注于我的学习和我喜欢做的事情。A. forgot忘记；B. kept保持；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. considered考虑。作者决定专注于我的学习和喜欢做的事情来化解悲痛。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有时会感到难过，但我明白了哭泣是可以的。A. upset沮丧的；难过的；B. confused困惑的；C. bored厌倦的；D. influenced影响。根据上文Finally, it’s important to take time to grieve properly.可知作者有时会感到难过。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有时会感到难过，但我明白了哭泣是可以的。A. laugh笑；B. cry哭泣；C. question问题；D. calm冷静。结合上下文，感到失落难过，作者也知道哭泣也可以缓解这些情绪。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：失去所爱的人之后，每个人都会有自己的处理方式。A. studying学习；B. living生活；C. handling处理；D. passing通过。根据句意可知选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都应该记住，他们并不孤单。A. allergic过敏；B. alike相似的；C. usual通常的；D. alone独自的；孤单的。根据语境可知每个人都并不孤单。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解，要求学生在做题时能够做到“身临其境，感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图，同时“瞻前顾后，左顾右盼”，充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系，仔细推敲，最后还原整体和细节。如第七小题，根据下文so they can support you可知要对自己信任的人倾诉。故选C。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Each time I take the underground I find myself ___41___ (surround) by dozens of passengers playing smart-phones. They almost won’t even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smart-phones ___42___ (kill) time. What’s worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an ___43___ (annoy).‎ I really miss the old days when I ___44___ (chat) with some passengers on the train. Now things are different.‎ Everyone just concentrates ___45___ their smart-phones. When talking with them, ___46___ seems that you are disturbing their playing smart-phones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we ___47___ (large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with ___48___ (distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. ___49___ ridiculous the situation is! In a way we ___50___ (control) by smart-phones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me? Do you have any ways to avoid that?‎ ‎【答案】41. surrounded 42. to kill 43. annoyance 44. chatted 45. on 46. it 47. largely 48. distant 49. How 50. are controlled ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是目前社会上存在的一种现象，到处可以看到每个人都只专注于他们的智能手机，在某种程度上人们被智能手机控制着。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：每次我乘坐地铁，我发现自己被几十名玩智能手机的乘客包围。固定结构：find +宾语+宾语补足语。此处myself 和surround之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，故答案为surrounded。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式作真正主语。句意：你可能认为玩智能手机来消磨时间很正常。此处it是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故答案为to kill。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：更糟糕的是，当我和我的一些朋友聊天时，他们边玩边聊天，这真的很烦人。根据an可知此空用名词形式，故答案为annoyance。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：我很怀念以前在火车上和一些乘客聊天的日子。结合句意可知此处指过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态，故答案为chatted。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查固定词组。句意：每个人都只专注于他们的智能手机。固定词组：concentrate on“集中精力于”，故答案为on。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。句意：与他们交谈时，你似乎打扰了他们玩智能手机。固定句式：it seems that……“似乎，好像”，故答案为it。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查词形转换。句意：有时我只是觉得我们很大程度上忽视了邻居，想通过互联网与远方的陌生人保持联系。此处ignore“忽视”是动词，由副词来修饰，故答案为largely。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查词形转换。句意：有时我只是觉得我们很大程度上忽视了邻居，想通过互联网与远方的陌生人保持联系。此处strangers是名词，由形容词来修饰，故答案为distant。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查感叹句。句意：这种情况多么可笑啊!这是一个感叹句，此处ridiculous是形容词，用how来修饰，故答案为How。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：在某种程度上，我们现在被智能手机控制着。此处指目前的一种事实，且谓语动词和句子主语we之间是一种被动关系，所以用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为are controlled。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Dear Jim,‎ Here is a piece of news which may appeal to you. Our school English paper will hold a essay competition which theme is “Natural Disasters”. I’d like invite you to take part in it.‎ It is well-known that many natural disasters occurs every year in America, cause great damage. You can introduce some mainly natural disasters, such as tornadoes and hurricane and tell some common sense about them. For example, we can introduce how they happen, what harm they may cause, or what you can do in the face of disasters. In China, we also face many natural disasters, but the measures you take may benefit us.‎ The deadline is on June 8th, 2019. I’m looking forward to your article.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】第一处a→an 第二处:which→whose 第三处:在like后加to 第四处：occurs→occur 第五处：cause→causing或在cause前加which 第六处：mainly→main 第七处：hurricane→hurricanes 第八处:we→you 第九处：but→so/and 第十处:删除on ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者学校的英语论文将举办一场以“自然灾害”为主题的作文比赛。作者邀请学生参加并说明论文应包含内容。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：我们学校的英语论文将举办一场以“自然灾害”为主题的作文比赛。essay为可数名词，且发音以元音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，故其前的不定冠词应用an。故a改为an。‎ ‎2.考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句修饰先行词an essay competition，且先行词在从句中做定语，应用关系代词whose，故将which改为whose。‎ ‎3.考查固定短语。句意：我想邀请你参加。固定短语would like to do sth.意为"想去做某事"。故在like后加to。‎ ‎4.考查主谓一致。句意：众所周知，美国每年都会发生许多自然灾害，造成巨大的损失。此处主语是many natural disasters，且为一般现在时，谓语动词应用复数形式。故occurs改为occur。‎ ‎5.考查非谓语动词或定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语形式作结果状语，而cause与其逻辑主语many natural disasters之间为主动关系，故将cause改为causing；此处也可看作定语从句修饰先行词为many natural disasters，指物，关系代词作从句的主语，故在cause前加which。‎ ‎6.考查形容词。句意：你可以介绍一些主要的自然灾害，如龙卷风和飓风，并告诉一些常识。natural disasters是名词短语，其前应用形容词修饰。故将mainly改为main。‎ ‎7.考查名词的数。句意同上。hurricane是可数名词，根据前面的tornadoes and可知，此处为可数名词的并列结构，应用复数形式，故hurricane改为 hurricanes。‎ ‎8.考查代词。句意：例如，你可以介绍它们是如何发生的，它们可能造成什么危害，或者面对灾难你能做什么。作者邀请“你”介绍一些美国的自然灾害的情况，故此处要用第二人称。故we改为you。‎ ‎9.考查连词。句意：在中国，我们也面临许多自然灾害，你们采取的措施可能对我们有益。根据语境可知，In China, we also face many natural disasters 和 the measures you take may benefit us 之间可以是因果关系，也可以是并列关系，故将but改为so或and。‎ ‎10.考查介词。句意：最后期限是2019年6月8日。此处表示"最后期限是2019年6月8日”，而不是“在哪一天”，故删除on。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)‎ ‎(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)‎ ‎(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)‎ 如第二小题，分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句修饰先行词an essay competition，且先行词在从句中做定语，应用关系代词whose，故将which改为whose。‎ 第二节 书面表达（25分）‎ ‎52.假设你是学生会主席李华,你校许多外国留学生想在业余时间学习汉语,因此学生会打算在周六下午五点组织汉语学习角(Chinese Comer)活动。现招收志愿者,请你写一则通知,内容包括:‎ ‎1. 英语流利,了解中国传统文化;‎ ‎2. 善于沟通,乐于助人;‎ ‎3. 组织、协调能力强。‎ ‎4. 有意向的同学可以拨打电话123456789或登录站www. studentunion.cn报名,报名截止日期为本周三下午两点。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1.词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;‎ ‎3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇:协调coordination Notice With more and more foreign students getting interested in learning Chinese in their spare time, __________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Students’ Union ‎【答案】Notice With more and more foreign students getting interested in learning Chinese in their spare time, the Student Union decides to organize a Chinese Corner at 5 :00 every Saturday afternoon. Now we are in need of volunteers for this activity. Anyone who wants to take part in it should meet the following demands.‎ To begin with, not only should you be fluent in English, but also have a good command of ‎ Chinese traditional culture. Besides, you’re required to be communicative and helpful. Last but not least, organization and coordination abilities are what you should be specialized in. It’s a rare chance to talk with foreigners and improve yourself. So call 123456789 or visit www. studentunion. cn to join us before 2:00 p. m. this Wednesday.‎ Students’ Union ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一则通知；假设你是学生会主席李华,你校许多外国留学生想在业余时间学习汉语,因此学生会打算在周六下午五点组织汉语学习角(Chinese Comer)活动。现招收志愿者,请你写一则通知,内容包括:1. 英语流利,了解中国传统文化;2. 善于沟通,乐于助人;3. 组织、协调能力强。4. 有意向的同学可以拨打电话123456789或登录站www. studentunion.cn报名,报名截止日期为本周三下午两点。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：coordination（协调）；get interested in（感兴趣）；in spare time（在空闲时间）；be fluent in（流利）；have a good command of（精通）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现时。‎ 第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Anyone who wants to take part in it should meet the following demands.运用了定语从句；To begin with, not only should you be fluent in English, but also have a good command of Chinese traditional culture.运用了倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。‎