山东省泰安肥城市2020届高三英语适应性训练（一）试题（Word版附答案） 13页

2020 年高考适应性训练 英 语 试 题 （一） 注意事项: 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Activities to Get You Outdoors While Traveling Many of us would enjoy getting outside and escaping our day to day with some fresh air while traveling. But where do you start? Try out a few of these activities and you’re sure to find a new outdoor hobby to help you enjoy nature on your next holiday. Horseback Riding Many people may shy away from this, excusing lack of experience with horses, but most operators have horses for riders of any experience including none if they meet the physical requirements. Horses can take you greater distances in a shorter time, covering areas that would be difficult or inaccessible otherwise. Fly-Fishing For an excuse to stand in a river enjoying the sounds, smells and scenery of some of the most beautiful places, try fly-fishing. Fishing is a perfect activity to enjoy with children, grandparents or whoever. With enough practice, you may even catch a delicious big fish. Cycling + Mountain Biking On the path or the road, spending time on a bike allows you to slow down and leisurely take in the scenery around you. Mountain biking can give you the biggest excitement, while road cycling may offer a more peaceful and calming experience. Travel with your bike or rent one at your travelling places, and your possibilities for exploration have already increased. Rock Climbing For a more physical and challenging experience outdoors, try your hand at rock climbing. You can get a feel for climbing in a gym, but its real rewards lie in putting those skills to use outside. Many popular travel places have great climbing within a day trip distance. 1. Who can take a horseback ride? A. Anybody who wants to take a horse ride. B. Travelers without experience of horse riding. C. Those who have the basic physical conditions. D. The explorers who like to travel in dangerous places. 2. Which activity is fittest for all the families? A. Fly-Fishing. B. Rock Climbing. C. Horseback Riding. D. Cycling + Mountain Biking. 3. What do mountain biking and road cycling have in common? A. Allowing travelers to fully enjoy the scenery. B. Slowing down the travel to have an enough rest. C. Getting the travelers to have the biggest excitement. D. Offering a more peaceful and comfortable experience. B Fresh off the biggest win of her short gymnastics career, 16-year-old Morgan Hard and her coach, SIava Glazunov, landed at Philadelphia International Airport, headed to baggage claim and prepared for the hour-long drive home to Middletown, Delaware. It was a dull drill they’d performed hundreds of times before. She is that gymnast who competes wearing glasses. She is so petite (娇小) that she looks tiny standing next to other gymnasts. “No one is born perfect,” Hard says. “You will have imperfections. I hope more people see me and try to do sports or gymnastics with glasses. Nothing should stop you from doing something you are passionate about.” Hard was 11 months old when her mom, Sherri, adopted her from Wenzhou, China, and brought her to Middletown. When Morgan was 3, Sherri began signing her up for various sports—gymnastics, soccer, T-ball, dance. Because of her size, most sports were tough. But at gymnastics class, being tiny and flexible was a gift. By the fifth grade, her talent had outgrown her classes, so Sherri brought her to First State. “She stood out from the start,” Glazounov says. “She exhibited that desire. She loves to impress and she wanted it always. No one ever had to tell her to work hard.” A single mom, Sherri worked as a dental hygienist for 30 years until retiring and taking a job for Discover Bank that allowed her to work from home, support her daughter’s home-schooling and help her daughter’s gymnastics career. “Who would have known when I went to get that little girl in China what was going to happen,” Sherri says. “This is our life now, but that is what I want for her, a life that is as fulfilling and happy as possible.” 4. What do we know about Morgan Hard? A. She is a poor child who has a single mother. B. She is an orphan who was adopted from China. C. She is the gymnast who competed wearing glasses. D. She is an athlete who first won the champion at 16. 5. Why did Sherri take a job for Discover Bank? A. She enjoyed working at home. B. She didn’t like the previous one. C. She needed a thorough career change. D. She could give her full support to Morgan. 6. Which of the following best describes Morgan Hard? A. Tiny and perfect. B. Talented and Outstanding. C. Flexible but incapable. D. Passionate but proud. 7. In which column of a website can you most probably read this text? A. Culture. B. Sports. C. Travel. D. Job. C We all know that regular exercise is good for us. In recent years we’ve been told to aim to walk 10,000 steps a day to remain healthy, although other advice to do three 10-minute walks a day is thought to be even more effective. But the latest piece of research might put a spring in your step if you’re someone who walks at a fast pace. That’s because, according to scientists, the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains, as well as their bodies, are ageing. The BBC’s Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1,000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of “accelerated ageing”. Their lungs, teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster. And to add insult to injury, the study found not only did slower walkers’ bodies age more quickly, their faces looked older and they had smaller brains. Professor Terrie, lead author of the study, told the BBC: “It found that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age.” This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower pace who might feel it’s time to work out and get fitter. But it might be too late; researchers say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence, language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three. They also suggest that even in early life, there are signs showing which people will go on to have a healthier life. So, what’s the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain? Well, researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age, and understanding what this might mean, could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing. This might help us make lifestyle changes while we’re still young and healthy. Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer! 8. What is the text mainly about? A. Walking and health. B. Slow walking and ageing. C. The way of slowing ageing. D. The standard walking pace. 9. What does the latest research show? A. Walking 10,000 steps a day helps keep fit. B. A slower walker is healthier than a faster walker. C. Slower walkers are easy to have slower brains. D. Ageing signs of slow walkers arise earlier than fast walkers. 10. What does the underlined words “wake-up call” refer to in paragraph 3? A. Challenge. B. Potential. C. Reminder. D. Solution. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Testing walking speed before old age makes sense. B. It’s important to keep fit both physically and mentally. C. Walking pace is connected with health and ageing. D. Walking speed at a young age determines one’s longevity. D Before the end of the year, employees at Ubiquitous Energy, a company in Redwood City, Calif, will gather in a window-lined conference room to stare toward the future. That’s because their new glass windows will offer more than an amazing view of the North California landscape. They will also be able to power the company’s lights, computers and air conditioners. Several years in the making, Ubiquitous’ energy-producing glass is a remarkable technological achievement. Its power lies in the layers of organic polymers (聚合物) between sheets of glass. As light enters the window, the flow of electrons between the polymer layers creates an electric current, which is then collected by tiny wires in the glass. “It’s sort of like a transparent (透明的) computer display run in reverse (相反),” says Veeral Hardev, director of business development at Ubiquitous Energy. “Instead of electricity being sent to different points in a display to light them up, light is producing electricity to be sent out of different points in the window.” Right now the windows produce about a third as much electricity from a given amount of sunlight as the typical solar cells used in roof panels (板). These windows, about half as transparent as ordinary glass, don’t work as well as transparent ones. Hardev says the company is likely to improve the transparency significantly. As for the lower output of electricity, he notes that windows can cover a much greater surface area than a roof, so numerous windows will produce a surprisingly larger amount of electricity than the production from a rooftop full of higher-efficiency solar panels. “You could do both.” says Hardev. “But you’ll get more from the windows.” The biggest challenge, he adds, is increasing the windows from less than two square feet currently to about 50 square feet. 12. What makes the new glass windows special? A. They can offer an amazing view. B. They are controlled by computers. C. They can power the conference room. D. They can help stare toward the future. 13. What is Hardev trying to explain in paragraph 3? A. The source of light. B. The significance of different points. C. The similarity of computer and glass. D. The working principle of energy-producing glass. 14. What can affect power production according to the text? A. The transparency of the glass. B. The quality of the rooftop. C. The height of the solar panels. D. The thickness of the glass. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. Windows: A New Challenge of Technology B. Windows: No Longer Just for Letting in the Light C. Power: A Pressing Problem in the Near Future D. Power: Not Enough from Rooftop Solar Panels 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 75 years—that’s how long it took to conduct the Harvard Grant Study that revealed the state of success and happiness depends on two things: love and work ethic (工作准则). 16 And the idea that children doing chores are more likely to succeed is surely new. Kids who grow up doing chores contribute. Chores help a person develop a certain attitude which can lead to them taking charge when there’s help needed. 17 Those who’ve learned to take the initiative since childhood are more likely to be leaders. Kids develop self-efficacy. When a kid sees that his / her actions lead to a certain outcome, it opens a door to a whole network of other activities like thinking, coping, trying, failing and succeeding. It gives the kid more space to experience life in general. 18 They become more capable and responsible. 19 And protecting your child from household duties and building a dependent pattern of behavior does more damage in the end. More or less independent living will cause a definite stress for a child who gets used to the fact that a certain part of their life is done without their participation or effort. They figure out how to get tasks done. Parents should not put all the effort into kids’ good grades and thick resume, but rather on forming a certain set of habits, skills and a mindset in general. 20 This includes, for example, the ability to schedule a day, prioritize urgent and important tasks. A. It’s more or less obvious with love. B. Kids should be rewarded for doing chores. C. This quality will be useful in group projects. D. This will help them more in life than good grades ever will. E. Parents should encourage kids to do chores for the good of health. F. Chores are a big part of everyday life which is impossible to avoid. G. Doing chores gives them more control over another area of their life. 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 It was the first day of our youth group ski trip. While I waited for the ski lift, I saw a booth (亭 子) 21 ski lessons. I considered taking an hour-long lesson, but then I heard my voice in my head: Nah, you don’t need any help. 22 , you’ve skied once before. As I stood on the edge of the beginner’s slope (斜坡), my 23 shrank, for I hadn’t skied for two years. But 24 enough, I’d be able to figure it out. So, I pushed off and 25 . I was like a 26 moose (驼鹿) on roller skates. My skis crossed each other. I couldn’t stop or 27 . I fell about eight times on that beginner’s slope 28 I finally came to a stop by hitting a small tree. The second time down, I only fell four times, so I 29 I was getting better. I rode up for a third try with my friend Jen. “Todd, you might really hurt yourself,” Jen said gently. “I think you should take a 30 .” I don’t need help! I screamed in my head. With that, I 31 down the hill. Near the bottom, my left ski rocketed out from under me. My upper body threw 32 . My entire weight 33 on my face. As my head pounded and my face started to swell, I finally 34 that I needed help. I swallowed my 35 and marched up to the ski lessons booth. 21. A. offering B. declaring C. creating D. recording 22. A. Above all B. All in all C. In all D. After all 23. A. attention B. wisdom C. confidence D. experience 24. A. sure B. sad C. frank D. honest 25. A. calmed down B. sped up C. gave in D. stood out 26. A. wild B. quiet C. anxious D. gentle 27. A. sign B. turn C. wave D. shake 28. A. after B. unless C. before D. when 29. A. doubted B. feared C. hoped D. figured 30. A. break B. ride C. risk D. lesson 31. A. flew B. walked C. rolled D. danced 32. A. across B. aside C. forward D. backward 33. A. leaned B. landed C. slid D. stuck 34. A. agreed B. denied C. admitted D. regretted 35. A. anger B. pride C. panic D. energy 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase 36 (appreciate) of China’s ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, 37 were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs 38 (produce) since the international project started in 1994. The Magao Caves have long been 39 meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they 40 (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people 41 (admire) in America. By 42 (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even 43 (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future 44 (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working 45 the project explains, “Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding.” 第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 假定你是李华，你校交换生 David 有意加入学校阳光志愿者组织（Sunshine Club）， 向你咨询相关情况。请你给他写一封回信, 内容包括： 1. 表示支持； 2. 主要志愿活动； 3. 申请方式。 注意: 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节 (满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为 150 左右。 I was a mother of four children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always valuable, but we had a roof over our heads, food on the table, and clothes in the wardrobe. I always tell myself to be brave and strong. I hope all my efforts would be worthwhile, as long as my children can grow up healthily. It was Christmas time. We drove downtown to see the Christmas lights, and enjoyed a special dinner, but the big excitement for the kids was the fun of Christmas shopping at the mall. This was a tradition of my family, so they all looked forward to the coming of the season of goodwill. They talked and planned for weeks ahead of time, asking each other what they wanted for Christmas. The big day arrived and we started out early. I gave each of the four kids a twenty-dollar bill and asked them to search for gifts. Then everyone scattered (分散开) with the bill. I sat at a table in a cafe waiting for my children and enjoying an instant of silence. It must be a happy day. Back in the car driving home, everyone was excited about Christmas, laughing and asking each other about what they had bought. I noted Ginger, my younger daughter, had only one small and flat bag with her. I could see enough through the plastic bag to tell that she had bought candy bars－ fifty-cent candy bars! What did she do with that twenty-dollar bill I had given her? I was so angry. After getting home, I called her into my bedroom and closed the door. I couldn’t hold back my anger and shouted at her, “What about the rest of the money? No one would be convinced all these candies are worth 20 dollars. What do you want to do with the rest of the money?” 2020 年高考适应性训练 英语试题（一）参考答案及评分标准 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 1—3 CAA 4—7 CDBB 8—11 BDCA 12—15 CDAB 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 16—20 ACGFD 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 15 分） 21—25 ADCAB 26—30 ABCDD 31—35 ACBCB 第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 36. appreciation 37. which 38. have been produced 39. a 40. were 41. to admire 42. sharing 43. wider 44. generations 45. on 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 (满分 15 分) One possible version: Dear David, Glad to know your desire to be a volunteer of the Sunshine Club. As a member, I do regard it worthwhile to be engaged in volunteering and I’m writing to give you my full support. As for major activities, regularly, we are committed to raising funds and donations for those in need. Sometimes we hold events in the local community to promote people’s awareness of environmental protection. Once you have decided, please fill in the application form attached and send it to me. Looking forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua 评分原则： 1. 本题总分为 15 分，按三个档次给分。 2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量确定 或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。 4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用 法均可接受。 5．词数少于 70，从总分中减去 2 分。 第三档（11-15 分） 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 ·内容完整，条理清楚； ·交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档（6-10 分） 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 ·内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求； ·所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求； ·语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。 基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第一档（1-5 分） 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。 ·内容不完整； ·所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。 未能清楚地传达信息。 0 分 未能传达任何信息；写的内容与要求无关。 第二节 (满分 25 分) One possible version: Paragraph 1 She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. What she told me was that she was looking around, wondering what to buy at the mall when an old lady in ragged clothes came into her sight. It seemed that the old lady was homeless. With a strong sense of sympathy welling up in her, she thought the old lady needed a gift as well and took out her money to buy a pair of warm boots for her. Though she only left herself the money for some candy bars, she felt that it was worthwhile. Paragraph 2 My anger disappeared. Never had I thought my daughter had her own idea to help others. I felt regretful that I just had shouted at her. How I wish I had listened to her explanation. I said, “Oh, dear, it is your own right to deal with the money. Whatever you do, I should be supportive and what you have done deserves a praise. Forgive me!” She said nothing but smiled at me. I had never felt so rich as I did that day. 各档次的给分范围和要求： 第五档（21-25 分） 与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理； 内容丰富，应用了 5 个以上短文中标出的关键词语； 所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达； 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。 第四档（16-20 分） 与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理； 内容比较丰富，应用了 5 个以上短文中标出的关键词语； 所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达； 比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。 第三档（11-15 分） 与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接； 写出了若干有关内容，应用了 4 个以上短文中标出的关键词语； 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但完全不影响意义表达； 第二档（6-10 分） 与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接； 写出了一些有关内容，应用了 3 个以上短文中标出的关键词语； 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达； 较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。 第一档（1-5分） 与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差； 产出内容太少，很少使用短文中标出的关键词语； 语法结构单调、词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表 达； 缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。 0 分 白卷，内容太少，无法评判。所写内容与所提供内容无关。