辽宁省六校协作体2020届高三上学期开学考试英语试题 24页

‎2019—2020 学年度上学期省六校协作高三期初考试 英语试题 本试卷分三部分，卷面分数120分。总分150分。考试用时100分钟。‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Amazing Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans ‎◆Horses are picky eaters Horses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. When horses raise their noses and open their nostrils (鼻孔), their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can’t sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say.‎ ‎◆Whale says thanks In 2011, a whale expert spotted a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hour freeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times.‎ ‎◆Pandas like to be naughty Is there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger.‎ ‎◆A cat honors its owner Paper towels, and a plastic cup are just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo’s grave every day since the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Renzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now “stands guard” at the grave for hours at a time.‎ ‎1. What can horses do to pick the most delicious grasses?‎ A. Feel them. B. Smell them.‎ C. Observe them. D. Taste them.‎ ‎2. Which animal feels shy when facing strangers?‎ A. The whale. B. The horse.‎ C. The panda. D. The cat.‎ ‎3. What do the whale and the cat have in common according to the passage?‎ A. They have a grateful heart. B. They are quite clever.‎ C. They are active and lovely. D. They have a good sense of smell.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了与人类行为相似的一些动物。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Horses are picky eaters中的“their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can’t sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses”可知，它们的神经系统会让它们感觉到我们人类感觉不到的气味。这或许可以解释为什么它们拒绝饮用脏水，在草地上小心翼翼地走动，只吃最美味的草。所以马是靠嗅觉来挑选最美味的草。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Pandas like to be naughty中的“Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger”可知，熊猫天生害羞，它们有害羞的行为，比如在遇到陌生人时，用爪子遮住脸，低着头。所以熊猫遇到陌生人时会害羞。故选C项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由Whale says thanks中的“Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times.”A cat honors its owner中的“ a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo’s grave every day since the man died in September ‎ 2011”可知，随后，在长达一个小时的感谢中，这头鲸鱼游到他们的船附近，跃升到空中约40次。一只忠诚的三岁灰白色猫咪，自从2011年9月主人去世后，他每天都把这些礼物放在前主人Iozzelli Renzo的坟墓前。所以通过对两种动物行为的描述可以判断出，鲸鱼和猫的共同特点是他们有一颗感恩的心。故选A项。‎ B Hundreds of villagers took matters into their own hands by digging miles of trenches（沟壕）to install their own cables(电缆). The tiny village in Michaelston-y-Fedw, with a population of 300, clubbed together after being unable to download films, stream music or connect to online banking. Farmers, teachers and even the village pub owners put in thousands of hours of volunteering to dig miles of trenches and now have super fast broadband(宽带).‎ The project cost around ￡250,000 with villagers paying￡150,000 of their own money to secure their super fast connection speed. They were also able to obtain￡100,000 from EU funding and the Welsh Government Access Broadband Cymru scheme.‎ The idea was produced in the local pub when villagers were complaining about their Wi-Fi connections. Ben Longman, owner of the Cefn Mably Arms, said, “We were in the pub and we were all complaining about how bad the Wi-Fi was. I had just paid for high speed broadband and realized it would not work.”‎ One of the organizers, Carina Dunk, 61, said it was fantastic what the village had achieved. She said, “It used to take a few days to download a film; now it takes less than a minute. Communities have tended to be more distant and separated but not here anymore. Sometimes we have to take a step back and achieve something.”‎ A year after the project, most of the 300 villagers are now united in a 1,000mps broadband connection.‎ However, Richard Raybould, 59, is still waiting for his house to be connected on the edge of the village and said he cannot wait. He said, “It is amazing what skills people in the community have. There are experts and farmers who dig trenches. I have met at least 30 people who I had never spoken to before.”‎ ‎4. What can we learn about the villagers?‎ A. They had no access to the Internet B. They usually didn’t have much free time.‎ C. They didn’t know how to use the Internet correctly.‎ D. They considered their Internet connection disappointing.‎ ‎5. To have their own cables, the villagers had to_______.‎ A. partly cover the cost B. employ workers to dig trenches C. donate ￡100,000 to EU funding D. get the local government’s permission ‎6. What does the author intend to do by mentioning Carina Dunk’s words?‎ A. Explain the cause of the project.‎ B. Explain the process of the project.‎ C. Show the benefits from the project.‎ D. Show the villagers’ attitudes toward the project.‎ ‎7. What would be the best title for the text?‎ A. Villagers obtain access to the Internet B. Villagers dream of super fast broadband C. Villagers volunteer to install super fast broadband D. Villagers are suffering from bad Wi-Fi connections ‎【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了数百名村民自己动手，挖了数英里的沟来安装自己的电缆，现在他们拥有了比以前超快的宽带网络。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段“ Ben Longman, owner of the Cefn Mably Arms, said, “We were in the pub and we were all complaining about how bad the Wi-Fi was”可知， Cefn Mably Arms的老板Ben Longma说，我们当时在酒吧，都在抱怨wi-fi有多糟糕。所以通过 Ben Longman的话可以判断出，他们认为他们的网络令人失望。故选D项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段“The project cost around ￡250,000 with villagers ‎ paying￡150,000 of their own money”可知，该项目耗资约25万英镑，村民们自己支付15万英镑。所以为了拥有自己的电缆，村民们不得不承担部分费用。故选A项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第四段“She said, “It used to take a few days to download a film; now it takes less than a minute. Communities have tended to be more distant and separated but not here anymore.”可知，以前下载一部电影需要几天，现在不到一分钟。其它社区往往离我们更远，但现在不是了。所以通过Carina Dunk’s 所说的话的对比可知，村民们从这项工程中受益了。故判断出，作者想通过提到Carina Dunk所说的话来说明这个项目的益处。故选C项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了数百名村民自己动手，挖了数英里的沟来安装自己的电缆，现在他们拥有了超快的宽带网络。所以短文的最佳标题为“村民们自愿安装超高速宽带”。选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】根据文章中人物所说话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施。‎ 由第三段“ Ben Longman, owner of the Cefn Mably Arms, said, “We were in the pub and we were all complaining about how bad the Wi-Fi was”可知， Cefn Mably Arms的老板Ben Longma说，我们当时在酒吧，都在抱怨wi-fi有多糟糕。所以通过 Ben Longman的话可以判断出，他们认为他们的网络令人失望。故小题1选D项。‎ C For students, college is a series of disconnected experiences: the classroom, the dorm, the athletic field, and the internship（实习岗位）. Yet the employers tell me what gets college students hired is the ability to translate what they learned in one place (the classroom, for example) to another that is far different from where they originally learned a concept (a project on an internship).‎ Educators call this “ transfer learning”—the ability to summarize key principles and apply them in many different places, which becomes more important as the skills needed to keep up in any job and occupation continue to change in the future.‎ ‎ Our ability to drive almost any car on the market without reading its manual（手册）is an example of knowledge transfer.‎ The concept sounds simple enough. But today’s students, faced with the constant pressure to prepare for standardized tests, rarely have the chance to learn through problem-solving or to be involved in projects that improve skills that can be used in various settings.‎ In response to demands from students, parents and employers, colleges and universities are adding hands-on experiences to the undergraduate curriculum.‎ Arizona State University, where I’ m a professor of practice, is testing a curriculum across a dozen majors in which students learn nearly half of the subject matter through group projects. Engineering students might build a robot and learn the key principles of mechanics and electronics during the project. The hope is that students will be more involved if theories from the classroom are immediately applied in the outside world instead of years after students graduate.‎ What’s the problem with the hands-on learning experiences being added by colleges to the undergraduate curriculum? They’re often not accompanied by the guidance that students need to help them transfer what they learn. So students become adept skilled in job interviews at describing what they did during a project, but they have difficulty talking about what they learned and how they can apply that to where they want to work.‎ ‎8. Why is the ability to drive mentioned in Paragraph 2?‎ A. To show that everything is changing.‎ B. To prove that driving ability is important.‎ C. To stress the importance of practical skills.‎ D. To explain the meaning of transfer learning.‎ ‎9. What prevents students from getting the ability to transfer knowledge?‎ A. Various school projects. B. Too much stress from tests.‎ C. Their lack of theory knowledge. D. Their unwillingness to solve problems.‎ ‎10. Which may arouse students’ interest in school learning according to the author?‎ A. Seeing what they have learned is applied.‎ B. Teachers changing the way lectures are given.‎ C. Focusing on the key principles of every subject.‎ D. Teachers explaining theories in an interesting way.‎ ‎11. What does the author think of the hands-on learning experiences in colleges?‎ A. They are effective. B. They are unnecessary.‎ C. They should be improved. D. They cost a lot of time.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了“转移学习”——总结关键原则并将其应用于许多不同领域能力，随着任何工作和职业所需的技能在未来不断变化，这种能力变得更加重要。但是现在的学生，面临着不断的标准化考试的压力，很少有机会通过解决问题来学习，或者参与可以在各种环境中使用的提高技能的项目。为了响应学生、家长和雇主的要求，高校正在本科课程中增加实践经验。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段“ Our ability to drive almost any car on the market without reading its manual（手册）is an example of knowledge transfer.”可知，我们几乎可以在市场上驾驶任何一款汽车而不必阅读其操作手册，这就是知识转移的一个例子。例子能更好的说明意义。故判断出，为什么第2段提到驾驶能力是为了解释转移学习的意义。故选D项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“. But today’s students, faced with the constant pressure to prepare for standardized tests, rarely have the chance to learn through problem-solving or to be involved in projects that improve skills that can be used in various settings.”可知，但是现在的学生，面临着来自不断的标准化考试的压力，很少有机会通过解决问题来学习，或者参与可以在各种环境中使用提高技能的项目。所以考试压力太大阻止了学生获得转移知识的能力。故选B项。‎ ‎10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第五段“The hope is that students will be more involved if theories from the classroom are immediately applied in the outside ‎ world”可知，我们希望，如果课堂上的理论能立即应用于外部世界，那么学生们将会更多地参与进来。所以通过关键词“more involved，applied in the outside world”可以判断出，学生看到他们所学到的东西得到了应用能引起学生对学校学习的兴趣。故选A项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后段“They’re often not accompanied by the guidance that students need to help them transfer what they learn. So students become adept skilled in job interviews at describing what they did during a project, but they have difficulty talking about what they learned and how they can apply that to where they want to work.”可知，动手学习的经验往往没有得到指导，学生需要帮助他们转移他们所学的知识。因此，学生们在面试中熟练地描述他们在一个项目中所做的事情，但是他们很难谈论他们学到了什么，以及他们如何将这些应用到他们想要工作的地方。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。‎ 由第五段“The hope is that students will be more involved if theories from the classroom are immediately applied in the outside world”可知，我们希望，如果课堂上的理论能立即应用于外部世界，那么学生们将会更多地参与进来。所以通过关键词“more involved，applied in the outside world”可以判断出，学生看到他们所学到的东西得到了应用能引起学生对学校学习的兴趣。故小题3选A项。‎ D Why are photos and videos of cats high-fiving suddenly popping up on social media?‎ Ask Jackson Galaxy, who launched Cat Pawsitive last year, a program that encourages animal shelters to teach cats how to do tricks to make them more attractive for adoption.‎ The idea is simple. A kitty that can sit on command or give a high five shows that it can listen to instructions and connect with others. A high five can make a shy cat open up, Galaxy said.‎ ‎“Big life changes can lead to cats losing their confidence, and we help those cats to feel more confident and to feel safe interacting with new people.” Christie ‎ Rogero, program manager for Cat Pawsitive, said.‎ And Stephen Holdeman, training manager at the KC Pet Project, added: “All we need to train a cat to do tricks is the right amount of patience, timing and motivation.” He uses a technique called “operant conditioning (操作性条件反射)”, which associates a cat’s action with getting a reward such as a favorite food or treat.‎ He also uses a clicker—a training device that makes a clicking noise. “In the initial stage, we get the cat used to the idea that when it hears the sound of the clicker, one of its favorite treats appears. After we have bridged these two ideas together we can use the clicker to reinforce different actions the cat does to let it know that if it repeats the action, it will get a treat.”‎ After several repetitions, the cat starts to link everything together. Now all you need to do is let your extended hand be the target, and we’ve got a high five.‎ ‎12. According to the text, how can learning tricks benefit cats at animal shelters?‎ A. It is a good way for shelters to raise money.‎ B. It allows them to pick up skills to stay safe.‎ C. It helps them interact more with each other.‎ D. It helps them build confidence and get adopted.‎ ‎13. According to the text, what should be done from the start to train cats to learn tricks?‎ A. Teaching them different actions.‎ B. Teaching them how to use a clicker.‎ C. Making them patient enough to repeat actions.‎ D. Helping them connect the sound of a clicker with treats.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word “reinforce” in paragraph 6 probably mean?‎ A. record B. strengthen C. ignore D. reward ‎15. What is the main purpose of the article?‎ A. To explain how to train cats to perform tricks.‎ B. To show how cats are treated at animal shelters.‎ C. To describe the popularity of cats on social media.‎ D. To inform us of a program that trains cats to do tricks.‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了美国发起“猫咪击掌”的爱心慈善活动的相关内容， 包括它所产生的意义以及训练猫咪的技巧。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段和第四段“a program that encourages animal shelters to teach cats how to do tricks to make them more attractive for adoption. we help those cats to feel more confident and to feel safe interacting with new people.”可知，“猫咪击掌”鼓励动物收容所教授猫如何做一些技巧，这让猫咪更容易被领养。帮助这些猫在与陌生人交往时感到更自信、更安全。所以根据短文内容，在动物收容所让猫学习技巧能帮助猫建立信心，并被收养。故选D项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第六段“ “In the initial stage, we get the cat used to the idea that when it hears the sound of the clicker, one of its favorite treats appears.可知，在最初的阶段，我们让猫习惯了这样的做法：当它听到点击器的声音时，它最喜欢的一种食物就会出现。所以根据短文，从一开始应该把点击器的声音和食物联系起来帮助训练猫学习技巧。故选D项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第六段“After we have bridged these two ideas together we can use the clicker to reinforce different actions the cat does to let it know that if it repeats the action, it will get a treat”可知，在我们把这两个想法结合起来之后，我们可以使用点击器来强化猫所做的不同动作，让它知道如果它重复这个动作，它会得到一个奖励。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，第6段下划线的"reinforce"一词的意思是使稳固。故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第二段“ a program that encourages animal shelters to teach cats how to do tricks to make them more attractive for adoption.”和第三段“He uses a technique called “operant conditioning (操作性条件反射)”, which associates a cat’s action with getting a reward such as a favorite food or ‎ treat.”可知，报道了美国发起“猫咪击掌”的爱心慈善活动的相关内容， 包括它所产生的意义以及训练猫咪击掌的技巧。所以短文的目的是告诉我们一个训练猫掌握一些技巧的活动。故选D项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ To help you understand what 5G is, and what it means to you, we’ve put together a handy guide here.‎ What is 5G?‎ ‎___16___At its most basic level, 5G will be used to make calls, send texts, and to simply get online. But it’s going to be significantly faster than previous generations, and could open the door up to a range of exciting new uses.‎ ‎___17___‎ ‎5G will use new higher radio frequencies to send out data, which are less cluttered(挤了)and carry information much faster. While these higher bands are faster, they don’t carry information as far. That’s to say, smaller multiple input and output antennas (天线)will be used—promoting both signals and capacity（容量）.___18___‎ Why is it better than 4G?‎ ‎5G is expected to be faster than 4G, with some firms claiming it could be as much as 100 times quicker. The fastest 4G networks can deliver peak download speeds of around 300 Mbit/s.____19____In real life, this could allow you to download a full HD film in less than 10 seconds!‎ ‎___20___It means there will be very little—if any—delay when you carry out tasks on a device. While this will help improve things like gaming experiences, it could also pave the way for safer self-driving cars—in which even a short delay could be life-saving.‎ Finally, 5G will have a larger capacity, meaning networks will be able to deal with several apps at once. Generally, this should mean that devices have a faster, more stable connection.‎ A. How does 5G work?‎ B. How will 5G affect you?‎ C. 5G is also expected to have a lower latency.‎ D. 5G is short for “5th generation mobile network.”‎ E. In comparison, 5G could offer download speeds of over 1 Gb/s.‎ F. Therefore, the similarity between 5G and 4G technology is huge.‎ G. This means 5G will support up to 1,000 more devices per meter than 4G.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. A ‎ ‎18. G 19. E ‎ ‎20. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了关于5G的相关信息。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 由“What is 5G?”可知，5G是什么。所以小题1要说明5G的概念。故D选项5G是“第五代移动网络”的缩写”切题。故选D项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 由“5G will use new higher radio frequencies to send out data, which are less cluttered(挤了)and carry information much faster”可知，5G将使用新的更高的无线电频率来发送数据，这些数据传送的更顺畅，传输的速度更快。所以本段主要在说明5G的工作原理也就是小题2本段的标题所要说明的内容。故A选项“5G是如何工作的？”切题。故选A项。‎ ‎18题详解】‎ 由“That’s to say, smaller multiple input and output antennas (天线)will be used—promoting both signals and capacity（容量）”可知，也就是说，更小的多输入和输出天线来将被应用----提升信号质量和容量。所以小题3要承接上文具体说明这种天线所带来的优势。故G选项“这意味着5G每米将比4G多支持1000个设备”切题。故选G项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由“the fastest 4G networks can deliver peak download speeds of around 300 Mbit/s”可知，最快的4G网络可以提供大约300Mbit/s的峰值下载速度。所以小4要与的4G网络速度对比来说明5G网络的速度。故E选项“相比之下，5G可以提供超过1GB/s的下载速度”切题。故选E项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由“It means there will be very little—if any—delay when you carry out tasks on a device”可知，这意味着当你在设备上执行任务时，即使有延迟，也会非常少。所以小题5与后一句为解释说明关系来说明5G有较低的延迟性也是本段的小标题。故C选项“5G预计也会有较低的延迟性”切题。故选C项。‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Geoff Hoffman, discovered that his dog, Bridget, was missing after his home was broken into on Dec 20th. That night, Hoffman penned an enthusiastic____21____to his Facebook followers to help him find the dog. “She is my source of____22____and she is my whole life.”‎ The next day, Hoffman, who served in Afghanistan for eight years went into____23____mode(模式). “Sergeant（中士）Hoffman was back,” he says. “I was on___24___and told myself I would_____25_____searching for Bridget under two conditions: She returned home or I knew with certainty that she was____26____.”‎ During the four days Bridget went____27____, Hoffman reached out to his local police and fire departments, along with City Hall, asking officials to____28____his story with the public. He printed more than 100 cards featuring Bridget’s____29____and advertising a “large reward”____30____ her return and registered with missing dog websites. Hoffman also created a Facebook group with hundreds of followers, called Bring Bridget Back, in the hopes of ____31____awareness for his search.‎ On the morning of Christmas Eve, his efforts ____32____. “My girlfriend was driving down a rural road, a few miles from my house, when she saw Bridget,” says Hoffman. “She was lying by the side of the road but when she saw my girlfriend, she started_____33_____her tail.”‎ While the dog was generally____34____, she hadn’t eaten for days, along with a few slight cuts on her left leg. “It made me wonder whether someone____35____her ‎ for dog fighting and either cut or tried to____36____her to make her aggressive,” says Hoffman. “Maybe the thief got____37____ by all the media attention and____38____her on a random road.”‎ Hoffman called the____39____a Christmas miracle and a holiday blessing and said “I am speechless with_____40_____.”‎ ‎21. A. request B. support C. interest D. defense ‎22. A. energy B. information C. joy D. inspiration ‎23. A. vacation B. army C. sleep D. crisis ‎24. A. purpose B. journey C. duty D. business ‎25. A. avoid B. continue C. begin D. stop ‎26. A. active B. alive C. dead D. sick ‎27. A. missing B. fierce C. mad D. wrong ‎28. A. fill B. discuss C. argue D. share ‎29. A. hair B. photo C. food D. smell ‎30. A. for B. with C. on D. about ‎31. A. decreasing B. knowing C. growing D. spreading ‎32. A. got off B. came off C. turned off D. paid off ‎33. A. biting B. chasing C. wagging D. bleeding ‎34. A. unharmed B. quiet C. scared D. disabled ‎35. A. borrowed B. stole C. forced D. took ‎36. A. fool B. comfort C. starve D. please ‎37. A. caught B. frightened C. warned D. attracted ‎38. A. killed B. abandoned C. beat D. replaced ‎39. A. reunion B. website C. arrival D. search ‎40. A. forgiveness B. respect C. kindness D. gratitude ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D ‎ ‎ 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了霍夫曼的狗失踪了，于是他利用媒体的作用来寻找自己的爱犬，结果在圣诞节早上奇迹般地找到了自己的爱犬。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当晚，霍夫曼给他的Facebook粉丝们写了一封热情的请求信，希望他们能帮他找到这条狗。A. request请求；B. support支持；C. interest兴趣；D. defense防御。霍夫曼的狗失踪了，所以在网上发请求信来寻找自己的狗。故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是我快乐的源泉，她是我的整个生命。 A. energy能量；B. information信息；C. joy快乐；D. inspiration激励。由“she is my whole life”可知，这只狗对霍夫曼来说很重要，是作者的生命，是作者的快乐源泉。故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，曾经在阿富汗服役八年的霍夫曼进入了军人模式。A. vacation假期；B. army军队；C. sleep睡觉；D. crisis危机。由“Sergeant（中士）Hoffman was back”可知，霍夫曼进入了军人模式，下定决心一定找到自己的狗。故选B项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说“我正在执勤，我告诉自己，在两个条件下，我将停止寻找布丽奇 ：要么她回家，要么我肯定她已经死了”A. purpose目的；B. journey旅行；C. duty职责；D. business商业。霍夫曼要像以前当兵的时候一样，严阵以待，再次使自己保持高度的警惕，必须要找到自己的狗。故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说“我正在执勤，我告诉自己，在两个条件下，我将停止寻找布丽奇 ：要么她回家，要么我肯定她已经死了” 。A. avoid避免；B. continue继续；C. begin开始；D. stop停止。由“She returned home or I knew with certainty that she was____6____”可知，这是霍夫曼停止寻找狗的两个条件。所以stop“停止”符合句意。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说“我正在执勤，我告诉自己，在两个条件下，我将停止寻找布丽奇 ：要么她回家，要么我肯定她已经死了”。A. active积极的；B. alive活着的；C. dead死的；D. sick生病的。霍夫曼停止寻找狗，就证明狗或者回家了或者死了。丢失的狗最坏的结果就是死了。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在布丽奇失踪的四天里，霍夫曼联系了当地的警察、消防部门以及市政厅，请官员们向公众讲述他的故事。A. missing丢了的；B. fierce凶猛的；C. mad疯狂的；D. wrong错误的。由前文“was missing”可知，在布丽奇失踪的四天里。故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在布丽奇失踪的四天里，霍夫曼联系了当地的警察、消防部门以及市政厅，请官员们向公众讲述他的故事。 A. fill填满；B. discuss讨论；C. argue争论；D. share分享。作者希望公众能帮助她找到狗，所以请官员们向公众讲述他的故事。share with“与分享”为固定短语，且符合句意。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他印制了100多张卡片，上面印有布丽奇特的照片，并为能找到布丽奇打出了“巨额奖励”的广告，还在寻狗网站上注册了信息。A. hair头发；B. photo照片；C. food食物；D. smell气味。由常识可知，寻人启事或者寻狗启事都要要把照片画出来或者打印出来。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：他印制了100多张卡片，上面印有布丽奇的照片，并为能找到布丽奇打出了“巨额奖励”的广告，还注册了失踪狗网站。A. for对于；B. with和；C. on在.上；D. about关于。reward for“由于…而给予…报酬”符合句意。故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍夫曼还在Facebook上创建了一个拥有数百名粉丝的群组，名为“带布里奇特回来”，希望传播他的寻狗信息。A. decreasing减少；B. knowing知道；C. growing种植；D. spreading扩散。由“Hoffman also created a Facebook group with hundreds of followers”可知，在Facebook上创建了一个拥有数百名粉丝的群组就是要传播他的寻狗信息。故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在平安夜的早晨，他的努力得到了回报。A. got off下车；B. came off脱落；C. turned off关闭；D. paid off回报。由“when she saw ‎ Bridget”可知，霍夫曼的女朋友看到了布里奇。所以霍夫曼的努力得到了回报。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她当时躺在路边，但是当她看到我的女朋友时，她开始摇尾巴。A. biting咬；B. chasing追逐；C. wagging 摇摆(尾巴)；D. bleeding流血。因为狗认出了霍夫曼的女朋友，所以它向霍夫曼的女朋友摇尾巴。故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这只狗基本上没有受伤，但她已经好几天没吃东西了，左腿上还有几处轻微的割伤。A. unharmed未受伤害的；B. quiet安静的；C. scared害怕的；D. disabled残疾的。本句为while引导的让步状语从句，虽然这只狗基本上没有受伤，但还是遭受了挨饿和轻微的割伤。故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍夫曼说:“这让我怀疑，是不是有人为了斗狗而偷了她，为了让她变得有攻击性，他们要么把她割伤，要么试图让她挨饿。 A. borrowed借；B. stole偷；C. forced强迫；D. took拿。霍夫曼在怀疑狗的失踪是因为别人偷走了狗。故选B项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍夫曼说:“这让我怀疑，是不是有人为了斗狗而偷了她，为了让她变得有攻击性，他们要么把她割伤，要么试图让她挨饿。A. fool愚弄；B. comfort安慰；C. starve饥饿；D. please使高兴。由“ make her aggressive”可知，饥饿是让狗变得有攻击性的一个因素。故选C项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许小偷被所有媒体的关注吓坏了，把她遗弃在一条随意的路上。A. caught抓；B. frightened使害怕；C. warned警告；D. attracted吸引。霍夫曼怀疑小偷被所有媒体的关注吓坏了，所以才把狗放了回来。故选B项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许小偷被所有媒体的关注吓坏了，把她遗弃在一条随意的路上。A. killed杀死；B. abandoned放弃；C. beat打；D. replaced取代。由“ on a random road，frightened”可知，偷狗贼把狗遗弃在路上了。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍夫曼称这次团聚是圣诞奇迹，是节日祝福，他说:“我感激得说不出话来。A. reunion团结；B. website网址；C. arrival到达；D.‎ ‎ search搜寻。由前文可知，霍夫曼的爱犬失而复得，所以这是团聚。 故选A项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍夫曼称这次团聚是圣诞奇迹，是节日祝福，他说:“我感激得说不出话来”。A. forgiveness原谅；B. respect尊重；C. kindness善意；D. gratitude感激。霍夫曼在媒体上请求公众帮助找狗，最终找到了，所以霍夫曼非常感激这些热心的人。故选D项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ According to an announcement by Sergey Kravtsov, Russian vice minister of education and science, Sputnik news reported, Russia’s national college entrance exam will include Mandarin as ___41___elective foreign language starting from 2019. Chinese will become the ___42___ (five) elective test item for the Unified State Exam in addition to English, German, French and Spanish.‎ The number of Chinese learners in Russia ___43___ (rise) quickly in the past decade, according to a survey ___44___ (carry) out by a linguistic research center in Russia. Approaches___45___learning Chinese vary from person to person, with more and more people____46____(choose) university courses in Russia.‎ The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on ___47___ (they) listening, reading, and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar, vocabulary and Chinese ____48____ (character). Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers. Insiders from the Russia education industry confirmed those____49____are with relevant professional background and Mandarin proficiency(精通) are more competitive in job application.‎ According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International, some 100 million people, excluding native speakers, use Chinese ___50___ (global).‎ ‎【答案】41. an 42. fifth ‎ ‎43. has risen ‎ ‎44. carried ‎ ‎45. to 46. choosing ‎ ‎47. their 48. characters ‎ ‎49. who 50. globally ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。俄罗斯的大学入学考试将把普通话作为选修外语。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。language指的是“（某国）语言”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且elective的首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用冠词an来修饰。故填an。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查序数词。the+序数词表示“第”。本句表示第五，所以应用序数词fifth。故填fifth。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查现在完成时。由“in the past decade”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为The number of Chinese learners，谓语为has risen。故填has risen 。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。分析句子可知， survey 与carry out在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填carried 。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查介词。approach to “的方法”为固定短语。故填to。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，people与choose在逻辑上是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填choosing 。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查代词。their为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。故填their 。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。character为可数名词，中国的汉字不止一个，所以应用character的复数。故填characters。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。分析句子可知，those为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who。故填who。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词。globally为副词修饰动词use。故填globally。‎ ‎【点睛】with复合结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词 分析小题6的句子可知，本句为with的符合结构作状语，people与choose在逻辑上是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填choosing 。‎ 第三部分:写作(共两节, 满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有2处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分 。‎ What qualities do you think heroes should have? To me, heroes are brave and helpful. They’re people you respect of. My heroes are the volunteers who go to the earthquake-hit areas last week. The disaster caused great damages to the areas. Therefore, the volunteers’ efforts relieved the victims’ suffering. They helped the victims by giving themselves food, water and shelter. They were also many doctors and nurses who volunteered help the wounded. The rescue work turned out dangerously, but no one showed fear nor gave up rescue the unfortunate people. I think nothing is equal to which the brave people did in the earthquake.‎ ‎【答案】1.去掉of ‎2.go→went ‎3.damages→damage ‎4.Therefore→However ‎5.themselves→them ‎6.They→There ‎7.help前加to ‎8.dangerously→dangerous ‎9.rescue→rescuing ‎10.which→what ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。短文中作者叙述了作者心中的英雄应该具备哪些品质。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查动词。分析句子可知，people为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作respect的宾语。所以of多余。故去掉of。‎ 第二处：考查一般过去时。由“last week”可知，定语从句为一般过去时。故将go改成went。‎ 第三处：考查名词。cause damage to“对造成伤害”为固定短语，damage为不可数名词。 故将damages改成damage。‎ 第四处：考查副词。分析句子可知，前后语意表示转折，且有标点符号，所以以用however表示转折。故Therefore将改成However。‎ 第五处：考查代词。give sb sth “给某人某物”，由“the victims”可知，give后的间接宾语为them。故将themselves改成them。‎ 第六处：考查全部倒装。分析句子可知，本句为there be 句型，为全部倒装句。故将They改成There。‎ 第七处：考查动词不定式。volunteer to do sth “自愿做某事”为固定短语。故help前加to。‎ 第八处：考查形容词。turn out“结果是,被证明是”,多用过去时态.用法为:turn out + (to be)+ adj/n。故将dangerously改成dangerous。‎ 第九处：考查动名词。give up doing sth“放弃做某事”为固定短语。故将rescue改成rescuing。‎ 第十处：考查连接代词。be equal to ‎ “与.相等”其中to为介词后接宾语从句作宾语，宾语从句中what作did的宾语。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。故将which改成what。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你校定于本周六晚为外国留学生举办包饺子活动。请给美国留学生Mary写一封电子邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 写信目的；‎ ‎2. 活动安排；‎ ‎3. 期待回复。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Mary,‎ How is everything with you? I’m writing to invite you to a dumpling-making party, which will be held in our school dining hall this Saturday evening.‎ Intended to arouse the affection of foreign students with Chinese culture, this party will allow you to learn the history of dumplings and their importance to Chinese people. Besides, you can participate in interesting traditional Chinese games, in which your oral Chinese will be practiced through interactions with your fellow students.‎ I sincerely hope you can grasp this opportunity to enrich your life in China and deepen your understanding of this country. Looking forward to your presence!‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 写信目的；2. 活动安排；3. 期待回复。第二，人称为第一人称和第二人称。第三，时态以一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，写信目的以及活动的时间和地点。第二段，活动安排。第三段，表达希望。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: invite，interactions，dumpling-making party in our school dining hall this Saturday evening，arouse the affection ,Chinese culture，earn the history of dumplings and their importance, participate in, be practiced, grasp this opportunity, enrich your life, deepen your understanding。‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子:which引导的非限制性定语从句I’m writing to invite you to a dumpling-making party, which will be held in our school dining hall this Saturday evening. 省略that的宾语从句I sincerely hope you can grasp this opportunity to enrich your life in China and deepen your understanding of this country。‎ 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: Besides，however。‎ 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:which引导的非限制性定语从句I’m writing to invite you to a dumpling-making party, which will be held in our school dining hall this Saturday evening. 省略that的宾语从句I sincerely hope you can grasp this opportunity to enrich your life in China and deepen your understanding of this country。‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ ‎ ‎