专题10+必修5Unit3-Unit5高频词汇分类解读-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列 23页

‎ 2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列之英语 永升英语工作室 根据中等生基础知识不牢固的特点，将基础知识以2--3个单元为一讲，突出常考单词的背诵和用法区别。由于单选题退出大部分省份的英语试卷，所以这部分重点强调学练结合。集中识记常考的完形填空词汇；常考的阅读中出现的词汇；常考的书面表达中的句型。完形词汇重在词语的详细意思和词汇辨析；阅读词汇重在记住词义即可，但数量要大；书面表达句型重在在句子中背诵，力争背过的句子在话题中有高频的出现几率。这样可以大面积、迅速地提高成绩。聚焦少而精的知识，直接对接高考。‎ 练习重在做到有的放矢，基础练习以单词拼写、单词填空或短文填空为主。‎ 能力提升一定要由浅入深，让他们有成就感，迅速进入状态。句型复习采用翻译句子+背诵范文的方法。‎ 必修5 Unit3——Unit5‎ ‎ 词汇基础知识狂背：‎ I.常考的完形填空词汇及短语：（注意它们在完形中出现的几率极高，完形30分志在必得，现在开始狂背。）（1）词汇 ‎1．impression n. 印象；感想；印记 impress vt. 使感动，使留下印象 impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 have an impression of 对……有印象 be under the impression that... 认为……；以为……‎ make an impression on 给……留下印象 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事物 impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事物 be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻 an impressive scene 难忘的场面 ‎2．previous adj.以前的；早先的 previous to...在……前；先于……(to为介词)‎ previously adv.先前地；以前地 ‎3．guide n．向导，指南，指导，导游，有指导意义的事物 vt.指导，管理，带领 a guide to...……的指南 guide post路标 guide sb. through/across带领某人穿越……‎ ‎4．instant n．瞬间，刹那　adj.立即的，立刻的 in instant need of help急需救助 in an instant立刻；马上 表“一……就……”的有：‎ the minute/moment/second/instant, as soon as ，instantly, immediately, directly ‎5．assist vi. & vt. & n．帮助；援助；协助 assistance n．援助；帮助；补助 assistant n．助手；助理 adj.辅助的；助理的 assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth./to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist at/in sth.参加某事物 come to sb.’s assistance帮助某人 with the assistance of在……的帮助下 ‎6．concentrate vt. 集中；全神贯注 concentration n. 专心；专注 concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于；专心于……‎ concentrate one‘s attention/efforts/thoughts on...把注意力/努力/思想集中到……‎ be concentrated in/on/upon sth. 集中于，专心于 拓展：focus/fix one‘s attention on... 集中注意力于……‎ put one’s mind/heart in (into) 专心于……‎ be absorbed in... 一心一意于……‎ apply oneself/one‘s mind to... 专心于……‎ pay attention to 专心，注意……‎ 以上短语中 in, to 都是介词，后接名词或动名词。‎ ‎7．acquire vt. 获得，取得，学到 She acquired a knowledge of French.她学会了法语。‎ ‎8．inform vt.告知；通知 informed adj.了解情况的；见识广的 inform sb. of/about sth.告知某人某事 inform sb. (that)．..通知某人 keep sb. informed使某人随时了解最新情况 ‎9．case n. 情况；病例；案例 in case of... 假使……，万一……‎ in case 以防，万一 in any case 无论如何，总之 in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话，在这种/那种情况下 in no case 决不 in the case of 就……来说 as is often the case 这是常有的事 as the case may/might be 看情况，视情况而定 ‎10．accuse vt.控告；谴责 accuse sb. of sth.＝charge sb. with sth.‎ 因某事而控告/谴责某人 accuse sb. as...指控某人为……‎ accuse sb. for sth. 为某事指责某人 拓展：与 accuse sb. of sth.结构相似的有：‎ rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某物 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某事 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某物 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 ‎11．demand n．要求，需要 vt.强烈要求 demand sth.要求某物 demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物 demand to do要求干……‎ demand that...要求……(从句用虚拟语气，‎ 即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)‎ be in(great) demand(迫切)需求 satisfy one’s demands满足某人的需求 ‎12．approve v. 批准；满意 approval n. [U]批准；赞成；认可 approve sth. 核准(批准)某事 approve of sb./sth. 赞成某人(某事)‎ approve of sb.‘s doing sth. 同意某人做某事 without approval 未经许可 with one’s approval 经某人同意 ‎13．aid n．&vt. 援助；资助；救助 first aid 急救 give/do/offer sb. first aid give/do/offer first aid to sb.对某人进行急救 with the aid/help of... 在……的帮助下 without sb.‘s aid/help 没有某人的帮助 go to one’s aid/help 前去帮助某人 aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 aid sb. in/with... 为……帮助某人 ‎14．swell v．(使)膨胀；增长 (swelled, swollen)‎ n．涌浪；海浪的涌动 swollen adj.肿胀的 swell(sth.) into/to sth.(使某物)膨胀，肿胀，增强，增多 swell(sth.) with pride/anger etc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等 ‎15．squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨 squeeze out榨出；挤出 squeeze...out of/from...把……从……中榨出来 squeeze into/through...挤进……‎ ‎16．treat vt. 治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待 treat...as/like把……当做 treat sb./oneself(to sth.)请客吃……‎ be one’s treat由/该某人请客 ‎17．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 apply to适用于 apply...to...把……应用到 apply to sb. for...向某人申请……‎ apply oneself to(doing) sth.专注于；专心做某事 ‎（2）短语 ‎1．take up 占去(时间/空间)；开始学习；从事……；继续；接受；拿起；改短(衣服)；加入 take off 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名 take in 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人)‎ take away 解除；消除(痛苦等)‎ take back 收回(说过的话)；退回(货物)；与……重 归于好，使回忆起 take down (＝write down, note down) 写下；拆除 take on 呈现(新面貌)；雇用；承担责任 take for 当做；误认为 take apart 拆开 take over 接管，接收 ‎2．lose sight of看不见 at the sight of...在看到……时 catch sight of...望见，看到……‎ in/within sight在视线内，可以被看见 in sight of...可以看见……‎ out of sight看不见了，不被人看见 ‎3．speed up (使)加快速度；(使)增加……速度 at a/the speed of 以……的速度 run at full speed 以全速跑 pick up speed 加快速度 with all great speed 以全速，开足马力 at a high/low speed 以高速/低速 at (the) top speed 以最高速度 speed limit 速度限制 ‎4．depend on 依靠；依赖；信赖；依……而定 depend on/upon sth. 依靠某物；由……决定 depend on sb. to do sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事 depend on/upon sb./sth. for sth.‎ 指望/依靠某人/某物提供某物 depend on it that...相信某件事 (it是虚词，真正的内 容是 that从句)‎ depend on＋wh－clause 依赖于 That depends./It all depends.这很难说；得看情况。‎ ‎5．so as to do sth. 以便，为了(做)……(引导目的状语，不放于句首)‎ in order to 以便，为了……(引导目的状语，可放句首)‎ so...as to 如此……以致(引导结果状语)‎ in order that 为了，以便……(引导目的状语从句)‎ so that 为了……；结果……(引导目的或结果状语从句)‎ so...that... 如此……以至于(引导结果状语从句)‎ 提示：当用 so as to, in order to时，句子前后动作的主语须一致。否则，用 so that, in order that。‎ ‎6．fall ill生病 fall asleep 睡着，入睡 fall behind (竞赛等)落在(对方)后面；输给别人 fall apart 土崩瓦解；(关系)崩裂，崩溃 fall down 从……落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物等)倒塌；‎ ‎(计划等)失败 fall off 下降；跌落 fall over 跌倒 ‎7．in place 在适当的位置；适当 out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当 in the first place 首先，第一 in the next place 其次，第二点 in place of... 代替……‎ take the place of... 代替，取代 take one‘s place 代替某人；就座 take place 发生，举行 give place to 让位于，为……取代 ‎8．put one‘s hands on＝lay/get one’s hands on 找到，得到 at hand 在手边；即将来到 by hand 用手做，靠手工 from hand to hand 从一人手中传到另一人手中 hand in hand 手拉手，共同地 in hand 在手里；在掌握中，在控制下 join hands 携手，联手 on the one hand..., on the other hand... ‎ 一方面……，另一方面……‎ out of hand 无法控制 ‎9．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 make no difference(to sb./sth.)‎ 对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧 make some difference(to sb./sth.)‎ 对某人/物有些作用或影响 tell the difference分辨，区分，区别 ‎（3）易混易错点拨 ‎1.constant/continual/continuous (1)constant adj.不断的，经常的，强调始终如一地经常出现。 (2)continual adj.连续不断的；频繁的，表示时断时续的发生。 (3)continuous adj.不停的，连续不断的，强调中间不停顿。‎ ‎(1)the _________ wash of the tides潮水不停的拍击 (2)They have had a 3 days ____________ flight.他们已经有了一个连续三天的飞行。 (3)Air is in _____________ motion.空气在不停地运动。‎ ‎ ‘continual continuous constant ‎2. assist/help/aid ‎(1)assist正式用语，多指在提供帮助时，帮助者起次要或协助作用。‎ ‎(2)help最普遍用语，含义广泛。指“以积极态度给予各方面的帮助”，强调“受助者得到帮助或好处”，并着重受助者对帮助的需要；侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。‎ ‎ (3)aid正式用词，指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，着重强调强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。‎ ‎ (1)They ______ flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。‎ ‎(2)She ______ him in his experiments.她协助他做实验。‎ ‎(3)Please ______ me arrange these papers.请帮我整理这些文件。‎ ‎‘aided assisted help ‎3. profession/career/occupation/job/work ‎(1)profession工作，一般指受过特殊训练和良好教育的职业，如医生、律师等；‎ ‎(2)career尤指一生的职业，可译为“事业”；‎ ‎(3)occupation职业，较正式用语，常用在填写表格上；‎ ‎(4)job职业，同occupation一样为可数名词，可指一个单独任务，也可指工作职位；‎ ‎(5)work工作，不可数。‎ ‎(1)Please state your ___________ here.‎ 请把您的职业填在这里。‎ ‎(2)I’ve got some ______ to do this afternoon.‎ 我今天下午有些工作要干。‎ ‎(3)He is hunting for a summer ______.‎ 他正急着找个暑期工作。‎ ‎‘occupation work job ‎(4)He realized that his acting ______ was over.‎ 他意识到自己的演艺事业结束了。‎ ‎(5)My brother is a policeman by __________.‎ 我弟弟的职业是警察。‎ ‎‘career profession ‎4. injury/wound/hurt/damage/harm (1)injury指平时的大、小创伤或伤害，也可用于无生命物。 ‎ ‎(2)wound指战斗中刀或枪的创伤、伤口。 (3)hurt尤指精神上或感情上的伤害，肉体上的伤痛。 (4)damage指损失、损害(不表示伤痛)，主要用于物。 (5)harm指精神和肉体上的极大损害，不但可用于生物也可用于抽象事物。‎ ‎(1)Too much drinking will do you great ______/do great ______ to you.过量饮酒有害。 (2)He got an ______ in the accident.他在事故中受伤。 (3)Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most ______.在加利福尼亚大地震中，火灾造成的损失最大。‎ ‎‘harm harm injury damage ‎(4)The soldier had a ______ in his chest. 这位战士胸部受伤。 (5)My sympathy eased his ______. 我的同情减轻了他的痛苦。 ‘wound hurt ‎5. a number of/the number of 同：两者均修饰可数名词复数。 异：a number of是指“大量的”，后面的谓语动词是复数形式。the number of是指“……的数量”，后面的谓语动词是单数形式。‎ ‎(1)_________________ students in my class is 56. (2)________________ our classmates love English.‎ The number of A number of II.点句型背诵 ‎1.if possible 为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为 if it is possible。 ①If possible, do it by yourself. 可能的话，你自己做。 ②If possible, I‘ll go to Beijing tomorrow. 如果可能的话，明天我要去北京。‎ 拓展：if so 如果这样的话 if not 如果不是的话 if any 如果有的话 ‎ if necessary 如果必要的话 if ever 如果曾经有的话 ‎2.when 并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于 and then。 when 作并列连词用时，构成并列句，意为“就在这时，恰恰在这时”，多用在下列句型中： ...be doing...when... 正在……这时…… ...be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时…… be just going to do...when... 正要……这时…… had just done...when... 刚做了……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要……这时……‎ ‎①He was sleeping when there was a knock at the door. 他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。 ②I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door. 我刚想出门，这时有人敲门。 ③We had just begun to work when the machine broke down. 我们刚开始工作，这时机器坏了。 ④The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady‘s handbag when the bus suddenly stopped. 小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。‎ ‎3.what 引导名词性从句时，常含有事情、状况、言语、时间和地点的意味。 ①What surprised me most was his way of speaking. 最让我吃惊的是他的说话方式。(what 表事情)‎ ‎②She is no longer what she used to be. 她不再是以前的样子了。(what 表状况) ③We were all confused by what he said. 我们都被他说的话弄迷糊了。(what 表言语) ④He had driven for what seemed three hours. 他开车开了似乎三个小时了。(what 表时间) ⑤They finally reached what was called “a lonely island”． 他们终于来到了一个叫“孤岛”的地方。(what 表地点)‎ ‎4.形容词在句中做伴随状语。 ①He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了7天。 ②For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.‎ 她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，简直不能相信刚才发生的事。 ③He lay on the bed, awake. 他躺在床上，醒着。‎ ‎④The boy lay, relaxed on the sofa. 小男孩放松地躺在沙发上。 ⑤Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.新的环境把我弄得心烦意乱的，由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到受不了。‎ ‎5.部分倒装句 ‎(1)在以具有否定意义的副词、连词及词组开头的句子中，要用部分倒装。‎ ‎(2)这些词和词组通常有：rarely, never, scarcely, no sooner, little, few, hardly, seldom, at no time, in no way, on no account, nowhere, nobody, not only等。‎ ‎①Never before has our country been as united as it is.现在我们的国家空前团结。‎ ‎②Not only does he know French, but also he is an expert at it.他不仅懂法语，而且很精通。‎ ‎6.(1)be to do 句型有三层含义：‎ ‎①表示“注定要发生……”‎ ‎②预先安排好的计划或约定 ‎③表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情态意义。‎ ‎(2)be about to do sth. 表“马上要做某事，某事即将发生”，通常不与时间状语连用。‎ ‎(3)be going to do sth. 表打算、想法或某种倾向，用于非正式文体。也可用来表示很可能发生的事或自然现象。‎ ‎①The experience was to change her life.‎ 这次经历必会改变她的一生。‎ ‎②No one is to leave the building without the police's permission.没有警方的允许，没有一个人可以离开楼房。‎ ‎③We are to finish the work before five this afternoon.‎ 我们预定今天下午五点前完成任务。‎ ‎④The book was not to be found.‎ 那本书根本不可能找到。‎ ‎7.case “情况”，在本句中为先行词，where 引导定语从句，在从句中做地点状语，相当于 in the case。当先行词为 case, point, situation, position等时，常用 where 引导定语从句。‎ ‎①Can you think of a situation where this word can be used？你能想出能使用这个单词的语境吗？‎ ‎②We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我们在这种处境下可能会损失大量金钱。‎ ‎8. (1)be supposed to do sth. 意为“应当做……”或“认为做……是必须的”。如：‎ ‎①He is supposed to be here in about an hour.‎ 他大约一小时后到。‎ ‎②He was supposed to be a college graduate but he knew nothing of history.‎ 按说他是大学毕业生，但他对历史一点儿也不知道。‎ ‎(2)be supposed to have done sth. 则意为 “理应做过某事(但可能没有做)”，这里有虚拟的含义。‎ Jack is supposed to have finished his work now.‎ 杰克现在应当已经完成工作了。‎ 拓展：suppose sb./sth. to be... 认为某人/某物是……‎ It is supposed that－clause 人们认为……‎ be supposed to be... 被认为/料想是……‎ be supposed to do sth. 被期望，应该；获准(用 于否定句)‎ I suppose so. 我认为是这/那样。‎ I suppose not. 我认为不是这/那样。‎ What do you suppose＋陈述语序？你认为……？‎ Suppose/Supposing/Provided/Providing (that) ‎ 是表假设的条件状语从句，从句中将来的事不 用将来时而用一般现在时。‎ III.阅读理解技法每日点拨 分析写作目的 要求考生分析作者运用某一写作手法的目的。常见的提问方式有：‎ ‎1. The writer uses ... to(show that) ________.‎ ‎2. By quoting ..., the author intends to ________.‎ ‎3. By telling the story of ..., the author intends to ________.‎ ‎4. The story of ... is used to ________.‎ 作者运用某种写作手法的目的或是要引出主题、突出主题，或是要吸引读者关注主题，或是要把主题说明得更清楚。常用的写作手法的目的有：‎ ‎(1)开头提出问题——让读者关注主题。‎ ‎(2)简介相关事物——引出主题。‎ ‎(3)列举具体事例——说明主题。‎ ‎(4)运用比拟或比喻——让读者容易理解抽象或陌生的事物。‎ ‎(5)引语——说明或论证某个观点，或使自己的观点更有说服力。‎ 无论哪种手法，也不管出于何种目的，都必定与主题相关，为主题服务。‎ 读写微技能导练 推断写作目的的两条思路 题目要求考生推断作者写文章的目的，题干中常有purpose，或后面需接表示目的的动词不定式intend to, mean to, in order to等。‎ 推断作者写文章的目的有两大思路，解题时要综合考虑：‎ ‎1. 主旨推断法。‎ 写作意图与文章主旨密切相关，因此，解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样，用略读法，即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓住文章主旨，然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。议论文、新闻报道、说明文等，其主题句多在文首。‎ ‎2. 文体推断法。‎ 作者的写作目的与文体密切相关。‎ ‎(1)议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点，倡导某种做法等。‎ ‎(2)说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识，提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁，或希望引起有关部门或人士对某现象给予重视。‎ ‎(3)记叙文的目的一般是分享一段有趣的经历，告诉读者一个有趣的故事，使读者获得乐趣；若是夹叙夹议的文章，则是表达作者的感悟或给读者某种教育或启示。‎ ‎(4)广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务，因此其目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。‎ ‎【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三第二次联考】C Electronic devices can seem like a “third party" in some relationships because some partners spend more time on them than with each other.‎ When Amanda Gao, a 26-year-old white-collar worker in Beijing, went to a hotpot restaurant with her boyfriend on Friday night several weeks ago, she expected that they would have a good time together. To her disappointment, however, it did not turn out that way later. As soon as they were led to their seats and she began to order dishes, he buried himself in his mobile phone ‎“It seemed that his phone was making its way between us. A date that should have belonged to us turned into one where my boyfriend dated a third party and I felt left out. " Gao said. some people, like her, have found that electronics have been sabotaging(破坏) their romantic relationships.‎ A study, published in the journal Psychology of Popular Media Culture in April 2017, questioned nearly 200 college aged adults who were in committed relationships to report on their and their partner’s smartphone dependency. The results showed people who were more dependent on their phones were less sure about their relationships, and people who considered their partners excessively (过度地) dependent on their devices were less satisfied in their relationship.‎ Lin Yuan, a relationship advisor in Beijing, noted that as more and more electronics come out and spice up people’s lives, they are at the same time becoming a third party in relationships, especially for young people.‎ Lin said she knew of some people who suggest that electronics should be kept out of bedrooms, which she considered challenging and hard to be put into practice for most couples. She recommended that if people are feeling neglected in their relationship, they need to respectfully let their partners know their feeling. “Communication is always the best and the most efficient way,” she said.‎ ‎1. What is Gao’s feeling when entering the restaurant with her boyfriend?‎ A. Disappointed B. Expectant C. Annoyed D. Uneasy ‎2. Which of the following may Lin Yuan agree with?‎ A. Gao’s boyfriend is addicted to playing games B. Most couples can keep electronics out of bedrooms C. Partners should communicate more to understand each other better D. Couples should stop using electronics to avoid the problem mentioned above ‎3. Why was the case of Amanda Gao mentioned?‎ A. To explain who the “third party” is B. To stress the importance of electronic devices C. To encourage advisors to talk about the case D. To introduce the phenomena of excessively depending on electronics ‎4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Are devices killing romance?‎ B. How to beat smartphone C. The romantic story of Miss Gao D. The relationship between man and smart phone ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A ‎2. C细节推理题。根据最后一段She recommended that if people are feeling neglected in their relationship, they need to respectfully let their partners know their feeling. “Communication is always the best and the most efficient way,”可知Lin Yuan认为如果人们在他们的关系中感到被忽视，他们需要尊重地让伴侣知道他们的感受。沟通是最好和最有效的方式，故选C.‎ ‎3. D推理判断题。根据第三段中some people, like her, have found that electronics have been sabotaging (破坏) their romantic relationships.可知通过Amanda Gao的例子是为了说明现在普遍存在的年轻人过分依赖手机现象，故选D.‎ ‎4. A主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了电子产品成为了年轻人之间的第三者，这一现象普遍存在影响了人们的关系。A项：电子设备杀死了浪漫？概括全文，指出了问题所在。故选A.‎ ‎ 能力提升——测一测 I．单词拼写 ‎1．Are you o_____________ or pessimistic if you are facing the life of future?‎ ‎2．I am unable to attend because of a p____________‎ ‎ engagement.‎ ‎3．Put the waste paper in the d_____________.‎ ‎4．I had to p_______ myself against the wall to let them pass.‎ ‎5．I don’t like this radio play－Let’s s_______ to another programme.‎ optimistic　previous dustbin press switch ‎6．She could not help being impressed by the luxurious ____________________ (环境)．‎ ‎7．They have bought a ________________(打字机)．‎ ‎8．What I said made no practical ____________ (印象) on him.‎ ‎9．The __________ (胶囊) is filled with small soluble cases.‎ ‎10．A driver is not supposed to ______(使闪光) his lights at the coming vehicles.‎ surroundings　typewriter impression capsule flash ‎11．A man is accounted innocent until he is proven g______.‎ ‎12．Producing a dictionary is a slow p__________.‎ ‎13．Can you tell me a__________ of time if you are coming?‎ ‎14．My parents don't a_________ of me smoking cigarettes.‎ ‎15．The new e___________ of encyclopaedia will appear in the bookstores next week.‎ guilty　process ahead approve edition ‎16．Industrial development is being _____________ (集中) in the west of the country.‎ ‎17．The saleswoman in the shop is always _______(渴望的) to please everybody.‎ ‎18．It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former _____________ (同事)．‎ concentrated　eager colleague ‎19．The sales department makes an __________(准确的) forecast of sale.‎ ‎20．He wants to change his ___________ (约会) from Monday to Wednesday.‎ accurate　 appointment ‎21．The old man was sent to hospital because of high blood p_____________.‎ ‎22．The cut on my arm b____________ a lot when I was hurt yesterday.‎ ‎23．As soon as he came back to life from the accident, he called an a______________.‎ ‎24．The dog was killed by rat p___________.‎ pressure　bled ambulance poison ‎25．He had a badly s__________ ankle after falling down from the stairs.‎ ‎26．More and more people are riding _______ (电的) bikes.‎ ‎27．Although I ______(倒) it carefully, I spilt some of the oil.‎ ‎28．In the crash he suffered severe ___________(伤) to the head and arms.‎ ‎29．The news of the _________ ( 辐射) leak caused widespread public alarm.‎ ‎30．An old woman was found _________ (使窒息) to death.‎ II.语法填空（重点训练题型）‎ ‎1. My study of biology has taken ________ much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.‎ ‎2. ________(educate) in Europe, the girl can express herself freely in both English and French ‎3. The new hospital will be located in ________ used to be a wasteland and a huge shopping mall will also be constructed where there used to be a school many years ago.‎ ‎4. ________(suffer) from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.‎ ‎5. Jiaxing is a small city. Therefore, to speed ________ the flow of traffic, the government has decided to broaden some main streets.‎ ‎6. The play ________(produce)next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.‎ ‎7. I’m sorry. I was under the impression ________ you were general manager of your company.‎ ‎8. The entire hall burst into a great cheer and applause ________ instant the Nobel Prize winner appeared on the stage.‎ ‎9. More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack ________ space.‎ ‎10. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ________(realize) that he could do nothing to help.‎ ‎11. ________(see) from the top of the tower, the house looks even smaller.‎ ‎12. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.‎ ‎13. We’ll soon have you back ________ your feet again.‎ ‎14. She refused to tolerate ________(call) a liar.‎ ‎15. Under no circumstances should we lose sight ________ our purpose in life.‎ ‎16. I keep ________(tell) you not to do that, but you won’t listen to me.‎ ‎17. That was written in 1946, since ________ the education system has undergone great changes.‎ ‎18. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.‎ ‎19. I love getting up early in summer. The morning air is so good ________(breathe). ‎ ‎20. Jane was sweeping ________ the bits of paper and broken glass.‎ ‎21. ________ is no need to rush and it’s no use arriving there too early.‎ ‎22. It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ________ the ‎ meanwhile, I will set the table.‎ ‎23. Syria’s foreign ministry yesterday accused Israel ________ working with “terrorist groups” after it carried out two strikes against Syrian target.‎ ‎24. When the bell rang, the students were all sitting on their own seats quietly and looking forward to ________(see) their new Chinese teacher.‎ ‎25. This was the first time that Chongqing ________(join)the Listening Examination of Public English Test SystemⅡ(PETS-2).‎ ‎26. The company has been performing poorly during the past few years. In my view, it needs to polish ________ its image.‎ ‎27. In this section, we will briefly describe possible ways of reducing the costs and risks involved ________ doing this.‎ ‎28. Television has so many advantages, which keeps us informed ________ the latest news, and also provides entertainment.‎ ‎29. I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it depends ________ the weather.‎ ‎30. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English learners fail to use the language properly.‎ ‎31. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of ________ are beyond our control.‎ ‎32. Cooper and Teller are accused ________ selling $4,700 worth of heroine to a number of drug users.‎ ‎33. All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as ________(receive) in time for Christmas.‎ ‎34. The fresh drinking water is ________ great demand in this town.‎ ‎35. If you intend to make a tour of a big factory, you had better make an appointment ahead ________ time.‎ ‎36. Need I have an appointment ________ Dr. Smith before I go there?‎ ‎37. We’ll do what we can to assist you ________finding you somewhere to live.‎ ‎38. She was eager ________(get) back to work as soon as possible.‎ ‎39. Police dogs have good noses ________ following criminals’ trails.‎ ‎40. It must be kept ________ mind that we shall have to be present before eight tomorrow.‎ ‎41. Many online games are full of violence, which do harm to the development of the children. And that’s ________ my concern lies.‎ ‎42. Mr. Li was so happy this morning. That was because he was honored with an award ________ excellence in teaching.‎ ‎43. Is it only on the world market ________ we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods?‎ ‎44. People on the grassland of ________ is now Kazakstan were the first to achieve both riding and milking horses.‎ ‎45. Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us ________ useful knowledge of things in the past.‎ ‎46. Boys and girls, you should know what ________ great difference good manners in public will make to a person.‎ ‎47. Funding arrangements for the poor students are already ________ place, with which they can go back to school to continue their study.‎ ‎48. The number of people speaking Chinese is becoming larger, for a number of foreigners ________________(be) learning Chinese at present.‎ ‎49. Jane can no longer treat her friends ________ dinner as she used to because she has been out of work.‎ ‎50. Tom applied ________ several companies after he resigned his position as vice president, but he was rejected over and over again.‎ ‎51. I felt excited as the plane took ________ from Heathrow.‎ ‎52. If you stick ________ practicing the piano, you could become quite a good pianist.‎ ‎53. The old man told his children that he would sit ________ to watch the football matches on TV.‎ ‎54. The computer center presented the cancer research ________ a check for $5,000. ‎ ‎55. There is no doubt ________ we’ll finish the task by noon with so many people to help us.‎ ‎56. “Look out ________ the train!” the warning sign at the railway crossing says.‎ ‎57. See if you can squeeze more information ________ them.‎ ‎58. The lady wanted to put her hands ________ the money left by her husband.‎ ‎59. Jackie Chan and Jet Li had said over ________ again that they were waiting for the right ‎ opportunity to cooperate —The Forbidden Kingdom finally brought them together.‎ ‎60. While ________________(watch) TV, we heard the doorbell ring. ‎ III.短语填空 ‎(1)I __________________ him in the crowd.在人群中我再也看不到他了。‎ ‎(2)The train began to __________________. 火车开始加速。‎ ‎(3)We turned on the light _____________ see what it was.我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。‎ ‎(4) Success ____________ your effort and ability.成功与否得看你的努力和能力。‎ ‎(5)Mother doesn‘t ____________ her smoking.母亲不赞成她吸烟。‎ ‎(6)Whether he will come _________________.他是否来无关紧要。‎ ‎(7)________________________， I want to sell the house, but ________________________ I can’t bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。 (8)Work hard, or we will ____________.努力学习，否则我们就会落后。‎ ‎1.lost sight of 2.pick up speed 3.so as to 4.depends on 5.approve of 6.makes no difference 7.On the one hand / on the other hand 8.fall behind IV句型填空 ‎1.They finally reached ______ was called “a lonely island”．他们终于来到了一个叫“孤岛”的地方。(what 表地点) ‎ ‎2.After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.长途旅游后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。 3. ______does he go to the park at weekends.在周末，他很少去公园。‎ ‎4.He has reached the point ______ a change is needed.他到了必须改一改的地步。‎ ‎5.He was sleeping ______ there was a knock at the door.他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。‎ ‎1.what 2.hungry and tired 3.Seldom 4.where 5.when V．阅读理解 ‎【广东省广州市2018届高三12月调研】D Petrol and diesel cars may still dominate our roads, but their days are numbered. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 per cent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 per cent by 2020.‎ One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been ‘range anxiety’ — drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.‎ Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed quite considerably over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their large price tags drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade critics. Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine models a run for their money.‎ As well as advancements on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organisations developing and testing battery powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial electric flight a reality.‎ Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions. Were the US to act on the study’s findings and replace 87 per cent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 per cent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim to be completely emission-free. That said, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.‎ ‎1. Which is the best title for this passage?‎ A. My Dream Car B. History of Electric Cars C. Problems with Petrol Cars D. Driving into the Future ‎2. As used in Paragraph 2, the underlined word “hurdle” means _______.‎ A. aim B. barrier C. consequence D. step ‎3. In the past, why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars?‎ A. They were not good value.‎ B. They were very poorly made.‎ C. They were not widely promoted.‎ D. They couldn’t travel at a high speed.‎ ‎4. What is the function of Paragraph 4?‎ A. To introduce the history of electric travel.‎ B. To explain why the world needs more electric cars.‎ C. To show why more people have interest in electric cars.‎ D. To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D ‎【解析】 本文属于科技文类。汽油和柴油汽车可能仍然主宰着我们，但很快会被电动车辆所替代。电动汽车不产生任何排放物，随着在陆路方面的进步，电动汽车正朝着海洋和天空方向发展。而未来的车辆一定是电动时代。‎ ‎1. D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，汽油和柴油汽车可能仍然主宰着我们的道路，但很快会被电动车辆所替代。而未来的车辆一定是电动时代。分析选项可知D项（驶向未来）符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎2. B ‎【推理关系】题干As used in Paragraph 2, the underlined word “hurdle” means _______ ☞文章内容drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey ‎【答案】drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey☞B选项barrier ‎ ‎【名师点睛】猜测词义之策略（1）：依据标点符号猜测词义 ‎ ‎ 标点符号是词义猜测的最直接，最简单的信号词。比如，破折号（ --- ）、冒号 ( ： ) 常常起解释说明的功能，引号（‘'）和（ ( ) ）有时也起到相同的作用。‎ ‎3. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第二句“Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their large price tags drove customers away.” 分析句意可知，不久前，电动汽车遭到了不信任，他们的巨额标价把顾客吓跑了，也就是说人们认为电动车太贵了不值得买。分析选项可知，A项（They were not good value.不值得买）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎4. D 推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句“As well as advancements on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies.” 除了公路上（汽车）的进步，电动交通工具正朝着海洋和天空方向发展。由此可知电动交通工具以不同的方式出现在陆路，海上及空中。分析选项可知D项（描述电动交通工具的不同的用途）符合题意，故选D。‎ VI.范文背诵（翻译汉语句子并背诵全文）‎ Dear Jack，‎ Here I am writing to you to reply to your letter. From your letter, I know maybe you are not getting along well with your new classmates. Perhaps several of them are selfish. But I am sure, most of them should be friendly. Just try to communicate with them. Then it comes to your misunderstanding between you and your parents and your teacher. (1) 我认为你应该受到责备_______________________________________. (2) 人们一定告诉过你父母和老师们对我们好，所以真诚地和他们交谈以解决这个问题______________________________________________________________. Please pay more attention to your study，and you will find happiness in knowledge. And remember you are always my best friend.I hope you can be surrounded by happiness every moment.‎ Yours,‎ Tom 答案：‎ ‎(1) I think it is you who are to blame.（句型：强调句型）‎ ‎(2) You must have been told that both our parents and our teachers are kind to us, so talk with them sincerely to solve the problem.（句型：so引导的结果状语从句；被动语态）‎