上海市大同中学2019届高三下学期三模英语试题 15页

‎2019届大同中学高三英语三模 高三年级英语(2019.5)‎ ‎(时间120分钟 ，满分140分，共10页) ‎ I. Listening Comprehension (25%) ‎ 略 ‎ II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)‎ Section A (10%)‎ Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ Kazuo Ishiguro has a number of strings to his bow, or rather his guitar. (21) ________ 62-year-old is world famous as a writer of fiction, but his early dream was to be a great singer and songwriter.‎ His friend and former publisher Robert McCrum recalls him (22) ________ (turn) up at the publishing house Faber and Faber with a bunch of his stories in one hand and a guitar over his shoulder. It was his stories that earned him the great honor.‎ As his name indicates, Ishiguro comes from a Japanese background, although he came to Britain from Japan at the age of 5 and is a British citizen who writes in English. He (23) ________ (educate) at the University of East Anglia, a school that has become known for training writers.‎ Ishiguro’s writing is highly restrained. His characters are often reluctant to express themselves, (24) ________ in a kind of code. This certainly gives his writing a quality in common with that of Jane Austen, an author to (25) ________ he is often compared. The best example of this is his novel The Remains of the Day, (26) ________ (adapt) later into a successful film with the same name.‎ The central character of the book is a butler called Stevens. He is an extremely loyal servant to an English lord, and is a character who some might call repressed(压抑的). He is not willing to confess his feelings to anyone (27) ________ ________ he misses out on affection and love.‎ ‎ The story is told by Stevens, and his style is as polite and unrevealing as his behavior. Of course, we (28) ________ ________ read between the lines to uncover the “real” story, which isn’t quite the one the butler is telling. Stevens finds it a challenge (29) ________ (communicate), and ‎ communication is often a theme in Ishiguro’s novels.‎ ‎ In this author’s sense of the world, there is a gap between our feelings and our ability to communicate (30) ________. The Nobel Committee emphasized this theme when it talked about Ishiguro’s work. The writer has, the committee claimed, “in novels of great emotional force ... uncovered the abyss(深渊) beneath our illusory(虚幻的) sense of connection with the world”.‎ Section B (10%) ‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ A. overlooked B. alternative C. urge D. habitually E. external F. interaction G. equivalent H. significantly I. clue J. integrated K. infectious How has it become the modern __31__ of glancing at your watch---the furtive(偷偷的) look at a phone screen to check for new messages or have a quick look at Facebook? Researchers have now found why we often feel such a strong __32__ to glance at our cell phones. Using your mobile, they say, is __33__.‎ A team from the University of Michigan say people are twice as likely to pull out their phones to check their text messages or email if they’re with someone who has just done the same. It also found that females were more likely to use their mobile than men because it was more __34__ into the daily lives of women.‎ The team watched students in dining halls and coffee shops around campus, observing pairs of students sitting at tables for as long as 20 minutes and documented their cell phone use at 10-second intervals. ‎ ‎“What we found most fascinating was just how often people were using their mobile phones,” Dr Daniel Kruger, the study’s co-author, said. “Overall, the students used their cell phones in an average of 24 percent, but they were __35__ more likely to use their phones when their companion had just done so in the previous 10-second interval than without the social __36__.‎ ‎“Cell phones create a(n) __37__ outlet for one’s attention and may both promote and interfere with live social interaction,” the researchers wrote.‎ Kruger believes this pattern could be related to the effects of social inclusion and exlusion. If one person in a pair engages in a(n) __38__ conversation through their phone, his or her companion may feel excluded. That companion then might be compelled to connect with others externally so as not to feel __39__.‎ The researchers note that they might not observe the same results in a study of different demographics(人群)--- for example, in older adults, who may not use cell phones as __40__.‎ III. Reading Comprehension (45%)‎ Section A (15%)‎ Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behavior. The angry person loses __41__ in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.‎ ‎ Not everyone __42__ anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In __43__ culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as a(n) __44__ expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behavior on the part of another.‎ Anger can be __45__ in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (Electroencephalogram) measures of electrical activity show __46__ activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviorally this __47__ the general even-handed disposition (性情) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and as a result we’re likely to __48__. And our behavioral response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.‎ Most positive emotions are associated with __49__ behavior: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behavior: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is a(n) __50__ to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists __51__ as offensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behavior is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal __52__ of EEG activity. Interestingly, this imbalance lessens if the angry person can experience empathy towards the individual who __53__ the angry response. In contrast, in __54__ anger, the EEG imbalance is directed to the right and the angry person feels __55__ when facing the anger-inspiring situation.‎ ‎41. A. sensitivity B. credibility C. objectivity D. flexibility ‎42. A. experiences B. handles C. expresses D. dismisses ‎43. A. psychological B. harmonious C. diverse D. contemporary ‎ ‎44. A. effective B. appropriate C. instinctive D. physical ‎45 A. stirred B. identified C. adjusted D. lessened ‎46. A. divided B. increased C. uninterrupted D. balanced ‎ ‎47. A. matches B. upsets C. intensifies D. replaces ‎48. A. resist B. explode C. react D. collapse ‎49. A. shelter B. delight C. approach D. obedience ‎50. A. response B. solution C. access D. exception ‎ ‎51. A. refer to B. touch on C. object to D. hit on ‎52. A. disproportion B. inteference C. activation D. reproduction ‎53. A. puts up with B. brings forth C. copes with D. gets rid of ‎54. A. progressive B. defensive C. aggressive D. destructive ‎ ‎55. A. offended B. regretful C. depressed D. helpless Section B (22%)‎ Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎ (A)‎ Massive changes in all of the world's deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it's one of London's parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling(与…匹敌) the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain, the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.‎ That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders.‎ The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.‎ This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Cola or Budweiser as well.‎ The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the ‎ Superbowl are already astronomical(天文数字). With seats at US $125, gate receipts alone were a shocking $ 10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $ 100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine how much that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.‎ So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity(完整性) of a sport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.‎ Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, confusing world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a "World Title" fight, and this means that the title fights have to be held in different countries around the world!‎ ‎56. The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to tell the readers that ________.‎ A. more people are taking up sports ‎ B. traditional sports are getting popular C. local sports are becoming international D. there are many sports lovers in Europe and America ‎57. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes?‎ A. Good economic returns. B. Renewal of sports.‎ C. Communications technology. D. Marketing strategies.‎ ‎58. What is the author's attitude towards the suggestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters?‎ A. Favourable. B. Unclear. C. Neutral. D. Critical.‎ ‎59. People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because ________.‎ A. they become more professional than ever B. they regard sports as consumer goods C. sports titles are too confusing D. “World Title” fights have to be held worldwide ‎(B)‎ Dynamic English lessons 3 – Idioms DESCRIPTION Dynamic English Lessons 3 (€0.79) helps you learn some of the most common idioms with interactive games and practical examples. Use the dials to select the right words to complete the idiom illustrated by the piture. The idioms are grouped into six categories: Amimals, Body Parts, Objects, Action & Sport, Food & Drink, and Miscellaneous.‎ LEVEL Intermediate and above FEATURES l Fun graphics and audio to help you learn and remember idioms l Quiz yourself on how to use idioms l Idiom Dictionary l A sealed section with adult uses for idioms l Audio recordings to hear pronunciation and examples uses COMMENTS FROM ONE USER A well-designed app, and great value for less than one euro. The illustrations are fun, and I particularly liked the fact that audio recordings are provided for the examples. One criticism I do have is that having found the idiom, you have to consult the dictionary to find out what it means. It would have made more educational sense to have the definition available while you’re trying to find the idiom. And there are a few bugs and spelling mistakes which need to be fixed. All in all though, I’m giving this one the thumbs up.‎ ALSO SEE l Brush Up On Your English With Dynamic English Lessons --- idioms (App Advice)‎ NOTE Dynamic English Lessons has two other apps: Prepositions and Phrasal Verbs. Both are available in the App Store for €0.79.‎ ‎60. Where does this passage probably come from?‎ A. An Internet website for application software. ‎ B. An English exercise book with word quizzes for English learners.‎ C. A leaflet promoting an English course on learning idioms.‎ D. A TV program providing dynamic English lessons.‎ ‎61. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Beginners of English may find “Dynamic English Lessons 3” too difficult for them.‎ B. “Dynamic English Lessons 3” has interesting pictures and audio for English learners.‎ C. The faults of “Dynamic English Lessons 3” outweigh its virtues according to one user.‎ D. “Dynamic English Lessons 3” gives grown-ups exclusive access to some usage of dioms.‎ ‎62. According to the comment from the user, “Dynamic English Lessons 3” needs to work on the following aspects except its __________.‎ ‎ A. pictures and audio B. idiom dictionary ‎ C. program mistakes in the application D. spelling of words ‎(C)‎ ‎“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming(肯定) the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.‎ In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.”‎ In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences, with Duke University President Richard Brodhead and retired Exelon CEO John Rowe as co-chairmen. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.‎ ‎　　The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. The report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies.‎ ‎　　To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent(一致的，连贯的) curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of ‎ study abroad programs.‎ ‎　　Unfortunately, despite two and a half years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America’s colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda(宣传).‎ ‎　　‎ Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas — such as free markets, self-reliance and a distrust of central planning — as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.‎ ‎　　The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that congress asked it to illuminate(阐明).‎ ‎63. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to _______. ‎ ‎　 A. retain people’s interest in liberal education ‎ B. define the government’s role in education ‎　 C. keep a leading position in liberal education ‎ D. safeguard individuals rights to education ‎64. Which one of the following does the AAAS report suggest? ‎ ‎　 A. An exclusive study of American history B. A greater emphasis on theoretical subjects ‎　 C. The application of emerging technologies D. Funding for the study of foreign languages ‎65. The author implies that professors today are ___________. ‎ A. routinely supportive of free markets B. cautious about intellectual investigation C. conservative about public policy D. prejudiced against classical liberal ideas ‎66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ ‎　 A. Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”‎ ‎　 B. “The Heart of the Matter”: Illiberal Education ‎　 C. The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education ‎　 D. Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education Section C (8%)‎ Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ A. A portable communication aid could recognize certain phrases and tones.‎ B. If a problem is found, it would advise you to get a check-up at your doctor’s clinic.‎ C. Experts are also working on a “digital doctor” complete with a comforting bedside manner.‎ D. Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets.‎ E. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too.‎ F. Researchers are still struggling, however, with making the technology cheap and simple enough for the domestic user.‎ Brushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. ___67___ A tooth brush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently in development in USA. It is one of many gadgets proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York—others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home camera designed to check for cancer. ‎ The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. ___68___ In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead healthier lives. ‎ Intelligent bandages are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly Identify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics would work best. The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications.‎ Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detect the amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer(溃疡) is coming up. ‎ All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is a melanoma monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. ‎ If all this sounds nerve-wracking, then help is at hand. ___69___ A standard computer would be able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms in plain English and in a way which would calm your nerves.‎ Stress is no sweat either. ___70___ It would, then, let you know when you are about to lose your temper. The software would also suggest ways of keeping your cool.‎ IV. Summary Writing (10%)‎ Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own wors as far as possible.‎ Becoming an attractive employee The 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it’s of vital importance for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it is especially important for those new to the workforce. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers.‎ For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise (专业技能) in technology, marketing, and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask.‎ Another attractive quality is experience. It is important that an applicant’s resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning, along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments.‎ Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good ‎ fit for a company, not the other way around. In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: “What would be expected of me as an employee?”‎ In today’s tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them.‎ V. Translation (15%)‎ Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.‎ 72. 在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty)‎ 73. 事实证明他不具备成为一名外交官的必要素质。(turn; take)‎ 74. 所有与会的人都对Malala, 这个为了女性教育权利斗争的诺贝尔和平奖获得者，表示了敬意。(present)‎ 75. 对于避免办公室冲突，专家建议多反思自我，多换位思考，及时与同事沟通。(come) ‎ VI. Guided Writing  (25%)‎ Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.‎ 成人礼是在少男少女年满18岁时举行的告别青涩，步入成年的仪式。每个学生都会在高三经历这一刻，请你就参加过的成人仪式(growing-up ceremony/coming-of-age ceremony) 写一篇文章。内容需包括：‎ 1． 简要描述成人仪式的过程；‎ 2． 对父母和师长的感恩；‎ 3． 对自己成长的感悟和未来的展望。‎ 参考答案 I. Listening Comprehension ‎ ‎1-5 CBDDB 6-10 ABDDD 11-20 BDA CCB CADA II. Grammar and Vocabulary ‎21. The 22. turning 23. was educated 24. except 25. whom 26. adapted ‎ ‎27. so that 28. have to 29. to communicate 30 them ‎31-40 GCKJHIBEAD III. Reading Comprehension Section A 41-55 CADBB DACCD AABBD Section B 56-66 CBDB ACA CCDB Section C 67-70 EDCA IV. Summary Writing How can young people attract their future employers? First, they need to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in information technology. Second, they should include in their resumes the experiences that reflect they are cooperative and goal-oriented. Finally, they need to adopt a proper attitude, that is, taking future employers’ expectations into consideration.‎ 评分细则 A 在包含主题句及涵盖三个要点的基础上，能根据文章准确阐述三个要点中任意两点 B 在包含主题句及涵盖三个要点的基础上，能根据文章准确阐述三个要点中任意一点的具体内容：‎ ‎(1) They need to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in information technology. ‎ ‎(2) They should include in their résumés the experiences that reflect they are cooperative and goal-oriented. ‎ ‎(3) They need to adopt a proper attitude, that is, taking future employers’ expectations into consideration. ‎ C 必须包含主题句及涵盖三个要点（可以不展开）‎ 主题句需表达的意思：How can young people attract their future employers?或How do young job seekers strategize the approach to job application? ‎ 三个要点：information technology skills, experience, attitude D ‎1. 只提到三个要点，但没有主题句 ‎2. 有主题句，但三个要点中只提到两个 E ‎1. 只提到一个或两个要点，但没有主题句 ‎2. 有主题句，但三个要点中只提到一个 V. Translation 72. In court, he insisted that he wan’t guilty of robbery.‎ 73. As it turns out, he hasn’t got/doesn’t have what it takes to be a diplomat.‎ 74. All the people present at the meeting showed respect for Malala, the Nobel Peace Prize winner who fought/fights for women’s right(s) to (receive) education.‎ 75. When it comes to avoiding office conflicts, experts suggest more self-reflection, more empathy and timely communication with colleagues. (When it comes to avoiding office conflicts, experts suggest we should reflect more (often) on ourselves, always put ourselves in others’ shoes(place), and communicate with our workmates in time (without delay).‎