2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Womenofachievement课后达标检测 人教版必修4 9页

Unit 1 Women of achievement ‎(建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·唐山一模)Stan Lee, cofounder of the Marvel Universe(漫威宇宙) and cocreator of many of its most popular superheroes, died at the age of 95.‎ Lee was born Stanley Martin Lieber in New York in 1922. As a son of workingclass Jewish immigrants from Romania, times were hard and he lived with his family in a shabby singlebedroom apartment. After graduating from high school at 16, Lieber landed a job as an assistant at Timely Comics. By the early 1940s, he was a temporary editor for the company. It was at this time that he began using his pen name—Stan Lee. In 1947, two years after returning from serving for the U. S. Army, Lee married his wife, Joan. The two began their 70year marriage and had two children.‎ In the late 1950s, DC Comics breathed new life into its classic superhero and experienced a significant success with its updated version of the Flash, and later with superteam the Justice League of America.‎ To compete against DC Comics, Lee was given the task of creating their own group of superheroes. In 1961, Timely Comics changed its name into Marvel Comics after Atlas Comics, and that November saw the debut(首次亮相) of the Fantastic Four. Lee’s later famous and lasting creations of comicbook superheroes included SpiderMan, the Hulk, Thor, Iron Man and the XMen.‎ Over the course of his career, Lee was an icon of Marvel Comics. As a writer and editor and, at various points, both the publisher and vice president of Marvel Comics, Lee not only introduced interesting characters to the industry, but changed the way that comic books came together. He also created a cooperative workflow between writers and artists, which became known as the “Marvel Method”. Lee received a National Medal of Arts in 2008 for his innovations that revolutionized American comic books.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了漫威创始人斯坦·李富于传奇色彩的一生。作为一名漫威创始人，他对美国的漫画进行了革新，创造了许多超级英雄，荣获了国家艺术奖章。‎ 9‎ ‎1．What do we know about Lee from paragraph 2?‎ A．He served for the U．S. Army for two years.‎ B．He suffered from an unfortunate marriage.‎ C．He had a tough and struggling childhood.‎ D．He adopted his pen name at the age of 16.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a son of workingclass Jewish immigrants from Romania, times were hard and he lived with his family in a shabby singlebedroom apartment...as an assistant at Timely Comics.”可知，斯坦·李拥有一个艰辛的童年，故选C项。‎ ‎2．What was the company called when SpiderMan was created?‎ A．Timely Comics.　　　　　 B．Marvel Comics.‎ C．Atlas Comics. D．DC Comics.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1961，Timely Comics changed its name into Marvel Comics after Atlas Comics”可知，公司的名字按照时间顺序依次为Timely Comics→Atlas Comics→Marvel Comics，神奇四侠于1961年首次推出，而蜘蛛侠是之后创作的，所以创作蜘蛛侠时公司的名称应是漫威(Marvel Comics)。故选B项。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “icon” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A．Statue. B．Agent.‎ C．Assistant. D．Symbol.‎ D　解析：词义猜测题。最后一段介绍了斯坦·李的成就，作为漫威宇宙的创始人之一，斯坦·李可以算是美漫历史上最伟大的人物之一，没有他可能就没有现在的漫威世界，所以他可以被称为是漫威宇宙的标志。由此可推知，icon意为“标志”，故选D项。‎ ‎4．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Stan Lee, the Godfather of Marvel Comics B．The Development of Marvel Comics C．Stan Lee, a Superhero in Comic Books D．The Popular Superheroes of Marvel Comics A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了漫威创始人之一斯坦·李的传奇一生，他对美国漫画的影响力是令人瞩目的，他生前所创作的经典作品在世界上都可以称作是顶级的文化品牌，所以他被称为漫威之父。godfather意为“开拓者；发起者；创始人”，故选A项。‎ B ‎(2020·东北三省四市二模)You can’t see your sleeping pet’s brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat 9‎ ‎ might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you’ll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slowwave sleep. After about 15 minutes you’ll notice a change in her breathing. Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws twitch(抽动) and she flicks(轻拂) an ear. She has entered dreaming. Although she twitches and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she can’t run about. She is in a state of “sleep paralysis(麻痹)”．‎ Michel Jouvet, a French scientist, interrupted their sleep paralysis. Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldn’t see and arched their backs at unseen enemies. He figured he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing, and fighting.‎ In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats’ brain waves while they learned mazes. One day, he left the brainwaverecording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!‎ Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills that were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.‎ Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, how often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，动物和人类一样，也经常会做梦，梦的内容常常跟学习重要的技能和弄清最近学习的东西相关；体型越小的动物，做梦的频率越高。‎ ‎5．What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?‎ A．The dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.‎ B．The dreaming cats often practise their important skills.‎ C．The eyes of dreaming cats move while bodies are still.‎ D．The legs of the dreaming cats can’t move.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be 9‎ ‎ practising important cat skills：following, pouncing, and fighting.”可知，这些做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的猫科动物技能：跟随、猛扑和打斗。据此可知，Michel Jouvet在研究中发现，睡梦中的猫经常训练重要的技能，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．What can you know about dreaming from the passage?‎ A．Dreaming a lot can help humans learn more.‎ B．Learning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.‎ C．Rats often dream to work out their recent learning.‎ D．Fighting and escaping are not important skills for ancestors.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Many researchers now think that in both people and animals，one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning.”可知，许多研究人员现在认为，无论是人还是动物，做梦的一个目的都是练习重要的技能，并弄清最近学习的东西；据此可推知，老鼠经常通过做梦来弄清楚最近学习的东西，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．Which animal may dream most frequently?‎ A．Rats. B．Dogs.‎ C．Cows. D．Elephants.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据尾段可知，动物做梦的频率跟它们的体型大小有关，猫每15分钟做一次梦，老鼠每9分钟做一次梦，大象每2小时做一次梦。据此可知，老鼠做梦的频率最高，故A项正确。‎ ‎8．How does the author develop his passage?‎ A．By making comparisons. B．By using figures.‎ C．By telling stories. D．By showing facts.‎ D　解析：写作手法题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Although she twitches and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she can’t run about.”并结合全文其他内容可知，文中列举了大量事实来说明动物做梦的现象，从而组织文章，故D项正确。‎ ‎【难句分析】　If you watch closely, you’ll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中If you watch closely为if引导的条件状语从句；that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still为that引导的宾语从句，作及物动词see的宾语，其中as she falls asleep为as引导的时间状语从句。‎ 译文：如果你仔细观察，你会发现，当她睡着时，她的呼吸变得缓慢而有规律，而她的身体却静止不动。‎ 9‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·昆明高考模拟)When Markita was little, her mother said to her, “I’ll work hard to make enough money to send you to a famous college. When you __1__， you’ll earn enough money to take me to travel around the world.”‎ At the age of thirteen, Markita __2__ in her Girl Scout magazine that whoever sold the most cookies would win an allexpensespaid __3__ for two around the world. Then she decided to __4__ in the activity. But a __5__ desire is not enough. To make her dream come true, Markita asked some __6__ from her aunt.‎ ‎“Always wear your Girl Scout __7__，” her aunt advised. “When you are doing __8__， dress like you are doing __9__. Smile to people. Whether they buy or not always be __10__．”‎ Lots of other female classmates also __11__ to win that trip but only Markita made it. She worked in her uniform each day, going doortodoor after school. The painfully shy Markita __12__ herself into a cookieselling expert. She __13__ sold 3，526 boxes of Girl Scout cookies that year and __14__ her free trip around the world with her mother.‎ Markita is no __15__ than thousands of other people. The only __16__ is that she has found the secret of success: Courage to ask! Many people fail before they try __17__ they do not have courage to face the fear of __18__， which leads many of us to __19__ our dreams.‎ As Markita has __20__， courage is not the absence of fear. It is doing what it takes despite one’s fear.‎ ‎【解题导语】　13岁的时候，Markita得知帮助《女童子军》杂志卖饼干最多的人会获得免费全球双人游的机会，她想赢得这个机会，后来在自己的努力下，她实现了愿望。‎ ‎1．A.withdraw B．graduate C．progress D．study B　解析：根据上文中的“make enough money to send you to a famous college”可推知，此处表示：当你毕业了，你能赚足够的钱，带我去环游世界。故选B。‎ ‎2．A.heard B．checked C．wrote D．read D　解析：根据该句中的“magazine”可知，Markita是在杂志上读到这则消息的。故选D。‎ ‎3．A.trip B．rent C．scholarship D．insurance 9‎ A　解析：根据下文的“her free trip”可知，只要卖得饼干最多，就可以获得两人免费旅游的机会。故选A。‎ ‎4．A.bring B．call C．take D．participate D　解析：根据下文的内容可知，她决定参加这个活动。故选D。‎ ‎5．A.fading B．surprising C．boring D．burning D　解析：根据上下文内容可知，只有一个强烈的(burning)愿望是不够的。故选D。‎ ‎6．A.donations B．schedules C．suggestions D．efforts C　解析：根据下文中的“her aunt advised”可知，她向她的姑母寻求一些建议。故选C。‎ ‎7．A.uniform B．sweater C．overcoat D．blouse A　解析：根据第四段第二句中的“She worked in her uniform each day”可知，她的姑母建议她穿上女童子军的制服。故选A。‎ ‎8．A.science B．business C．homework D．research B　解析：根据下文的“Smile to people.”可知，这里讲述的是推销商品时的礼节。由此可知，她的姑母建议她在做生意(business)的时候，穿着要像认真(seriously)做生意的样子。‎ ‎9．A.naturally B．comfortably C．seriously D．casually C　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“自然地”；B项意为“舒适地”；C项意为“认真地”；D项意为“随意地”。‎ ‎10．A.friendly B．careful C．cautious D．strict A　解析：根据前一句“Smile to people.”并结合语境可知，无论他们买不买你的东西，要总是对他们友好。故选A。‎ ‎11．A.remembered B．pretended C．tried D．managed C　解析：根据下文中的“but only Markita made it”可知，Markita的许多女同学也在努力赢得这次旅行，但只有她成功了。故选C。‎ ‎12．A.admitted B．transformed 9‎ C．involved D．cheated B　解析：根据上文中的“going doortodoor after school”可推知，Markita每天放学后挨家挨户地推销饼干，她已经将非常害羞的自己转变为一个饼干推销专家。故选B。‎ ‎13．A.firmly B．simply C．immediately D．successfully D　解析：根据上文的“only Markita made it”以及“a cookieselling expert”可知，那年她成功地(successfully)卖掉了3 526盒女童子军饼干，赢得(gained)了和母亲一起免费环游世界的机会。故选D。‎ ‎14．A.gained B．discussed C．advertised D．promised A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎15．A.richer B．smarter C．weaker D．quieter B　解析：根据下文中的“she has found the secret of success: Courage to ask”可知，Markita并不比其他人更聪明(smarter)，她与其他人唯一的差别(difference)就是她找到了成功的秘密，即要有问的勇气。‎ ‎16．A.hardship B．difference C．condition D．obstacle B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎17．A.until B．while C．although D．because D　解析：根据该空后的“they do not have courage to face the fear of ______”可知，很多人在尝试之前就失败了，因为他们没有勇气去面对被拒绝的恐惧，这也导致我们中的很多人放弃了自己的梦想。故选D。‎ ‎18．A.unemployment B．environment C．rejection D．distance C　解析：此处指他们没有勇气去面对被拒绝的恐惧。C项意为“拒绝”，符合语境。‎ ‎19．A.give up B．run after C．put away D．go through A　解析：此处指我们中的很多人放弃了自己的梦想。故选A。‎ ‎20．A.suspected B．imagined C．discovered D．forecast C　解析：根据上文的“she has found the secret of success: Courage to ask”可知，Markita发现了成功的秘密；由此可知，此处表示：如同Markita所发现的那样，‎ 9‎ 勇气并不是无所畏惧。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2020·合肥高三质检)Last summer vacation, I worked as a volunteer in the Wolong China Giant Panda Garden in Sichuan, where I stay for two weeks. That I needed to do was to clean the pandas’ houses, feed the pandas or make food for them. One male panda I took care was named Jingjing. She was one of the most interested pandas in the Garden. Normally, the panda is a shy creature, not used to be in contact with other animals, particularly humans, but Jingjing seemed very differently. He often reached out one of his foot to greet me and smiled at me. Sometimes he tried to make me to laugh.‎ 答案：‎ Last summer vacation, I worked as a volunteer in the Wolong China Giant Panda Garden in Sichuan, where I for two weeks. I needed to do was to clean the pandas’ houses, feed the pandas make food for them. One male panda I took care was named Jingjing. was one of the most pandas in the Garden. Normally, the panda is a shy creature, not used to in contact with other animals, particularly humans, but Jingjing seemed very . He often reached out one of his to greet me and smiled at me. Sometimes he tried to make me laugh.‎ ‎①stay改为stayed。考查动词的时态。根据上文的时间状语“Last summer vacation”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故用stayed。‎ ‎②That改为What。考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，在从句中作do的宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用What。‎ ‎③or改为and。考查连词。根据语境可知，给大熊猫喂食和给它们准备食物都是工作的一部分，并非选择关系，故用连词and。‎ ‎④在care后加of。考查介词。此处考查固定词组搭配take care of“照顾，照料”。‎ ‎⑤She改为He。考查代词。根据上文中的“One male panda”可知，名为Jingjing的大熊猫是一个雄性大熊猫，故用人称代词He。‎ ‎⑥interested改为interesting。考查形容词。此处应用interesting“有趣的”作定语修饰名词pandas。‎ 9‎ ‎⑦be改为being。考查固定用法。be used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，符合语境，为固定用法，故用being。‎ ‎⑧differently改为different。考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词，与系动词seemed一起构成系表结构，故用different。‎ ‎⑨foot改为feet。考查名词的单复数。foot是可数名词，且与“one of”呼应，故此处应用复数形式。‎ ‎⑩删除to。考查固定用法。根据固定用法make sb.do sth.“使某人做某事”，故删除to。‎ 9‎