2020-2021学年高三英语语法一轮复习：非谓语动词（2） 21页

2020-2021 学年高三英语语法一轮复习：非谓语动词（2） 一、翻译下面句子 1. 我来到你的城市，看着熟悉的每一条街。 2. 做了充足的准备之后，我们对考试信心十足。 3. 受到演讲的激励，年轻人下定决心开始进行斗争 4. 在暴风雨中被吹倒的树木被清离了道路。 5. 为了不浪费电，我们走的时候把灯关上了。 二、单项选择 1. _______the truth, I don’t think Jack is honest. A. Telling B. To tell C. Tell D. To be told 2. _______me another five minutes, I could do my paper better yesterday. A. Given B. Giving C. To give D. To be given 3. _______ , the players began the game. A. Having taken our seats B. Taking our seats C. After we took our seats D. Being taken the seats 4. _______ , Mary had to stay at home to look after her. A. Being ill B. To be ill C. Her mother was ill D. Her mother being ill 5. We are invited to a party _______ in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding 第四讲 非谓语动词二 非谓语动词做主语 一、基本形式 Reading is my hobby. Learning a foreign language is useful for me. Failing in the competition should not be a shame. Being betrayed is painful. Being accepted by others is many people’s wish. 根据上面的非谓语，可知非谓语做主语的样子为： ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】_______ + 谓语+ …… 二、解题方法 【答案】主动 doing，被动 being done 【精讲精练】 1. _______ is easier than doing. A. To talk B. Talk C. Talking D. Talked 答案：C。考查考查非谓语动词做主语。Talking 在句子中做主语，是主动关系。 2. _______ TV too long is bad for your eyes. A. watched B. watch C. watching D. having watched 答案：C。考查考查非谓语动词做主语。watching TV too long 在句子中做主语，是主动关系。 3. _______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. A. Ignore B. Having ignored C. Ignored D. Ignoring 答案：D 考查非谓语动词做主语。ignoring the difference between the two research findings 在句中作主语，且 为主动关系。 4. _______ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to express your emotions. A. Understanding B. To be understood C. Being understood D. Having understood 答案：A。Understanding your own needs and styles of communication 在句子中做主语，是主动关系。 5. _______ made him run crazy. A. cheating B. Being cheated C. to be cheated D. cheated 答案：B。考查非谓语动词做主语。Cheat 做主语，且应该是被欺骗，所以用 being done。 【知识拓展一】 请划出下面句子的主语。 Sometimes, not saying anything is the best answer. With the haze arriving, smoking is much more harmful to your health. 注：___________________________________________________________ 【答案】当逗号前面是一个完成结构时，同样是在考非谓语动词做主语。 【精讲精练】 1. Sometimes, _______ a patient a get-well card is better than visiting him. A. to be sent B. being sent C. having sent D. sending 答案：D。sometimes，独立的时间状语。Sending a patient a get-well card 在句子中做主语，是主动关系。 2. With our country entering an aging society, _______ the retirement age is probably unavoidable. A. having delayed B. delaying C. being delayed D. to be delayed 答案：With our country entering an aging society，独立完整的结构。delaying the retirement age 在句子中做主 语，是主动关系。 3. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _______ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 答案：It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. 独立完整的结构。Having the answers ready 在句子中做 主语，是主动关系。 【知识拓展二】 请划出下面句子的主语。 It is no use begging him. It is a waste of time asking him to give up drugs. 此题考点：___________________________________________________________ 【答案】doing 做主语，it 为形式主语 常见的固定搭配有： 【答案】 It is no use/good/useless doing sth. It is a waste of time doing sth. It is worth doing sth. There is no point doing sth. 【精讲精练】 1. It is no use _______ to come now. He is busy. A. ask him B. to ask him C. that you ask him D. asking him 答案：D。固定搭配 it is no use doing sth. 2. It's no use _______ with him. You might as well _______ with a stone wall. A. arguing, argue B. to argue, arguing C. arguing, arguing D. to argue, argue 答案：A。固定搭配 it is no use doing sth. 固定搭配 may/might as well do 不妨… 3. It is no good _______today's work for tomorrow. A. to leave B. leaving C. that you leave D. leave 答案：A。固定搭配 it is no good doing sth. 【能力提升】 1. 试图阻止他是没有意义的。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 收藏这个邮票是很值得的。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 整天坐在电视机前是一件很浪费时间的事情。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. There is no point trying to stop him. 2. It is worth collecting this stamp. 3. It is a waste of time sitting in front of the television all day. 【知识扩展三】 请划出下面句子的主语。 It is wise of you to send him away in time. It took me five days to complete this task. It is an easy thing to master a foreign language. 此题考点：___________________________________________________________ 【答案】to do 做主语，it 为形式主语 常见的固定搭配有： 【答案】 1. It takes/took sb. some time/money to do sth. 2. It is +adj+to do sth. 3. It is their responsibility/duty/obligation to do... 4. It is a good idea/good chance for you/my dream to do… 非谓语动词做宾语 一、基本形式 Donald plans to move to New York this summer. He wants to fight back. We never consider giving up. She is looking forward to participating in the final contest. The Simpsons are interested in making jokes. 根据上面的非谓语，可知非谓语做宾语的样子为： ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】谓语动词或介词的后面 二、doing 的固定搭配 动词：___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 短语：___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 动词：suggest, advise, resist, enjoy, consider, admit, risk, avoid, delay, practice, succeed in, finish, imagine, appreciate, forbid, stand 短语：be used to, devote to, stick to, insist on, feel like, have difficulty/trouble in, look forward to 三、to do 的固定搭配 动词：___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】agree, offer, intend, plan, demand, ask, promise, help, prepare, decide, refuse, dare, choose, wish, hope, want, expect, fail, pretend, manage, determine, afford, happen, threaten, wait 【知识拓展一】 有些动词同时可以+ doing/ to do 作宾语，意思不变，如 begin, start, learn, like, love, continue 等；有些动词也可以+ doing/ to do 作宾语，但是意义不同： remember to do remember doing forget to do forget doing regret to do regret doing mean to do mean doing try to do try doing stop to do stop doing go on to do go on doing 【答案】 1. 记得要去做某事；记得做过某事 2. 忘记要去做某事；忘记做过某事 3. 遗憾要去做某事；后悔做过某事 4. 打算做某事；意味着做某事 5. 努力做某事；尝试做某事 6. 停下来去做某事；停止做某事 7. 继续去做另一件事；继续做刚才的事 【精讲精练】 1. She enjoys _______ light music. A. to hear B. hearing C. to listen to D. listening to 答案：D。enjoy doing sth，排除 AC 选项，listen 表示过程，hear 强调结果，所以用 listen 更合适。 2. I expected _______ your friend, but my car broke down on the way. A. I’ll meet B. meeting C. to meeting D. to meet 答案：D。expect to do sth 固定搭配。 3. We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7.30, but he failed _______. A. to turn up B. to turn down C. turning up D. turning down 答案：D。fail to do sth，排除 CD 选项。句意，我们安排 7 点半在电影院见面，但是他没有出现，用 turn up。 4. I remember _______ the house about an hour ago. A. to see him leave B. seeing him to leave C. seeing him leave D. to see him to leave 答案：C。句意，我记得一个小时前看到他离开了，动作已经发生，用 remember doing 表示做过了。看到他 走，是已经走了，全过程，所以用原形。 5. You look tired. You’d better stop_________ a rest. A. have B. has C. having D. to have 答案：D。句意，你看起来很累，最好停下来休息一下，用 stop to do，表示停下来做另一件事。 6. He stopped _______ three years ago. Now he began _______ again. A. smoking, smoke B. to smoke, to smoke C. smoking, to smoke D. to smoke, smoking 答案：C。句意，他三年前不抽烟了，现在他又开始抽了。Stop doing 表示停止做某事，begin to do 固定搭 配。 7. At first I regretted _______ them to stay, but we soon became great friends. A. to invite B. invited C. to have invited D. inviting 答案：D。句意，期初我后悔邀请他们来了，但是很快我们成为了很好的朋友。Regret doing 表示后悔做过 某事。 【知识拓展二】 to do 的固定搭配 【答案】 1. be done+to do/ to have done 2. 形容词+ to do 3. The+序数词/最高级+ to do 4. 抽象 n+to do 【精讲精练】 1. —The last one _______ pays the meal. —Agreed. A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 答案：C。last 属于序数词的范畴，用 to do。 2. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 答案：A。由 studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，所 以要用完成式。 3. I found it hard _______ my feelings in words. A. conveyed B. conveying C. convey D. to convey 答案：D。hard 形容词后面用 to do。 4. Volunteering gives you a chance _______ lives, including your own. A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change 答案：D。chance 抽象名词，用 to do。 非谓语动词做宾补 一、基本形式 My friend advised me to go to see a movie with him. Please remind me to answer his letter. She had me send the little boy to his school. We saw the man lying on the ground. The boss left us working until midnight. 根据上面的非谓语，可知非谓语做宾补的样子为： ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】动词+名词+do/doing/done，do 为省略 to 的不定式 【知识拓展】 可以加不定式做宾补的动词 动词：___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 advise, allow, ask, beg，cause, direct, encourage, expect, forbid, force, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, re-quest, require, teach, tell, want, warn 【精讲精练】 1. Doctors always advise us _______ plenty of water to stay healthy. A. drunk B. drinking C. drink D. to drink 答案：D。advise sb to do 固定搭配。 2. The police man warn the boys _______ football on the street. A. not play B. not to play C. not playing D. not played 答案：B。warn sb to do 固定搭配。 3. The government encourage the citizens _______ water. A. saving B. to save C. saved D. save 答案：B。encourage sb to do 固定搭配。 二、非谓语动词做宾补的区别 I saw her walk into the room. I saw her walking into the room. I saw the building attacked by the plane. 根据上面的非谓语，可知非谓语做宾补的样子为： ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】动词+名词/代词+____________ 常见加宾补的动词：__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 五看：look at, see, watch, notice, observe 三使：have, make, let 两听：listen to, hear 一感觉：feel 特殊： get sb. to do, leave sb doing 非谓语动词做宾补的含义 不带 to 的不定式表示：_________________________________________________ doing 表示：___________________________________________________________ done 表示：___________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. 主动；完成 2. 主动；进行 3. 被动；完成 【精讲精练】 1.When the man woke up, he found himself _______ to a tree, unable to move. A. tying B. being tied C. tied D. having tied 答案：C。himself 和 tie 为被动关系，且不是正在进行，所以用 done。 2.James, would you be so kind as to speak louder to make yourself _______? A. heard B. hearing C. hear D. to be heard 答案：A。yourself 和 hear 是被动。 3. The foreigner made every effort to talk in simple English to make the students _______ what he was saying. A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood 答案：A。student 和 understand 是被动关系。 4. Some of the students are always getting water _______ all the time after using it, which is a waste of time. A. run B. to run C. being running D. running 答案：D。water 和 run 主动关系，且表示一直，所以用 running。 5. I looked up and noticed a snake _______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 答案：C。wind 使蜿蜒前行，snake 和 wind 是主动关系，且不是正在进行，用 doing。 非谓语动词做表语 注意下面表达的区别 a surprising look a surprising look a trembling voice a trembled voice doing 表示：___________________________________________________________ done 表示：___________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. 令人… 2. 表示状态 【精讲精练】 1. Climbing mountains was _______, so we all felt _______. A. tiring … tired B. tired … tiring C. tiring … tiring D. tired … tired 答案：A。tiring 表明“爬山”的本身是一件累人的事情，tired 指人的感受。 2. The report was so _______ that they were all _______. A. inspiring, exciting B. inspiring, excited C. inspired, excited D. inspired, exciting 答案：B。inspiring 令人鼓舞的，excited 只人的感受。 3. —“You look pale.” —“I feel a little _______.” A. tire B. tired C. tiring D. tiresome 答案：B。tired 表示人的感受。 非谓语动词的特殊结构 一、with 复合结构 With the house price rising so fast, people find it difficult to buy a house. With the diamond stolen, the museum updated its security system immediately. With my favorite star’s concert to see, I feel very excited. 1. 根据上面可知 with 复合结构的样子为： ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】with+ sb/sth+ to do/doing/done 注意：______________________________________________________________ 【答案】在此结构中，to do 通常用主动表示被动。 2. 解题方法 【答案】 1. 找出逻辑主语，逻辑主语是动词前面，with 后面的名词或代词。 2. 判断逻辑主语和动词的主被动关系；主动 doing，被动 done，表示将来用 to do； 【精讲精练】 1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished 答案：A。逻辑主语 work 和 finish 是被动关系，且不缺谓语，用 done。 2. With two exams _______, I have to work really hard this weekend. A. worry about B.to worry about C. worried about D. worrying about 答案：B。句意，有两场考试要担心，我这周末不得不认真学习了。还没有考试用 to do 主动表示被动。 3. With all things_______, her proposal is of greater than his. A. considered B.to be considered C. being considered D. considering 答案：逻辑主语 things 和 consider 是被动关系，且表示已经发生，用 done。 4. I live in the house with its door _______ to the south. A. facing B. faces C. faced D. being faced 答案：A。逻辑主语 door 和 face 之间是主动关系，用 doing。 【能力提升】 1. ___________________________(有很多工作要做), I won't have time to go to see the film tonight. 2. The murderer was brought in, ___________________________(手绑在背后). 3. The young woman was wandering in the street, ___________________________ (抱着一个熟睡的孩子). 4. ___________________________(有本书要买), he hurried to the bookstore. 5. ___________________________(有机器帮助我们), we can finish it on time. 【答案】 1. With so much homework to do 2. with his hands tied behind his back. 3. with a baby sleeping in her arms 4. With a book to buy 5. With the machine helping us 二、祈使句结构 Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished. More effort, and you will succeed. Hurry up, or you will miss the train. Submit your paper on time, or you will lose this chance. 根据上面可知祈使句的结构为： ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】祈使句+ and/or + will/情态动词 【精讲精练】 1. _______ on the top of the tower and you’ll enjoy the scenery of the whole city. A. Standing B. Stand C. To stand D. Stand 答案：B。祈使句+ and/or + will/情态动词句型，选动词原形。 2. _______ your radio down, or you’ll wake the neighbors. A. Turning B. To turn C. Having turned D. Turn 答案：D。祈使句+ and/or + will/情态动词句型，选动词原形。 3. Follow your doctor’s advice. _______ your cough will get worse. A. or B. and C. then D. so 答案：A。祈使句+ and/or + will/情态动词句型，根据句意，听从医生的建议，否则你的咳嗽会变得更糟。 4. Arrive few minutes earlier, _______ I could have seen the famous scientist. A. and B. so C. but D. or 答案：A。祈使句+ and/or + will/情态动词句型，根据句意，早到一会，我就能看到那个著名的科学家了。 出门测 成绩 _______ 1. _______a language requires time and effort. A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Being learned 2. I’ ve heard him _______ about you often. A. spoke B. speaking C. speak D. to speak 3. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart _______. A. beat B. beating C. to beat D. being beaten 4. My brother regretted _______ a lecture given by Professor Liu. A. missing B. to miss C. missed D. being missed 5. _______ now seems impossible. A. Saving money B. To save money C. Being saved money D. To be saved money 6. Why do you have the water _______ all the time? A. ran B. to be running C. running D. being running 7. Don’ t _______ this letter for me on your way to school. A. forget mailing B. forget mail C. forget to mail D. remember to mail 8.There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _______. A. being heard B. heard C. hearing D. hear 9. He is said _____ to London already. A. having sent B. to be sending C. to have been sent D. being sent 10. Tom’ s parents do not allow Tom _______ swimming. A. going B. to go C. go D. goes 课后作业 1. —The first one _______ can take the best prize. —Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 2. We can understand why he avoids _______ to us. A. to speak B. speech C. having spoken D. speaking 3. The teacher got the students _______ all the words they didn’t know. A. looked up B. looking in C. to look up D. look at 4. I got to the station earlier than others. I couldn’t risk _______ the train. A. missing B. would miss C. to miss D. missed 5. I don’t think it’s much good _______ to him. A. writing B. to write C. to be written D. being written 6. Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _______. A. understand B. be understood C. understood D. understanding 7. I can’t stand _______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 8. Mary has trouble in speaking, which makes it difficult _______ her thoughts and feelings. A. express B. expressing C. expressed D. to express 9. Mother caught the boy _______ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being smoked 10. John left his coat _______ on the sofa. A. laying B. lying C. laid D. lain 11. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting 12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _______. A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 13. Claire had her luggage _______ an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked 14. It is not always easy _______ invitations. A. to refuse B. refusing C. to be refused D. being refused 15. _______ such heavy pollution brings the people so much troubles and pain. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 16. —Sorry, Madam. Any problem? —Yes. The fish is served undercooked and with nothing_______. A. to add B. adding C. added D. adds 17. With a lot of tough problems_______, the pilot was still calm, cool and collective under pressure. A. solve B. solved C. solving D. to solve 18. —What's made Ruth so upset? —_______ three tickets to the folk music concert. A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since she lost 19. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _______ for a meal to be cooked. A laid B laying C to lay D being laid 20. She pretended _______ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 二、在横线上填上适当的词 1. The two weavers pretended _______ (work) very hard, though they did nothing at the looms. 2. She enjoys _______ (listen) light music. 3. We are planning _______ (pay) a visit to Europe this summer. 4. I still remember _______ (take) to see films in the open air when I was small. 5. Almost everyone fails _______ (pass) his driver’s test on the first try. 6. I expected _______ (meet) your friend, but my car broke down on the way. 7. Ali said that she wouldn’t mind _______ (leave) alone at home. 8. When he got off the train, it happened _______ (rain). 9. Please excuse my coming in without _______ (ask). 10.How I regret _______ (waste) so much time in the net bar! I should have studied harder. 参考答案 入门测 一、翻译句子 1. I came to your city, looking at every familiar street. 2. Having made a full preparation, we are quite confident with the exam. 3. Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 4. The trees blown down in the storm have been moved off the road. 5. In order not to waste the electricity, we turned off the light when we left. 二、单项选择 1-5 AACAA 出门测 1-5 BCBAA 6-10 CCBCB 课后作业 一、单项选择 1-5 CDCAB 6-10 CCDCA 11-15 AADAB 16-20 CDBAA 二、在横线上填上适当的词 1. to work 2. listening 3. to pay 4. being taken 5. to pass 6. to meet 7. being left 8. to rain 9. being asked 10. wasting